汽车玻璃升降器外壳的冲压模设计及数值模拟
摘要
现代模具工业有“不衰亡工业”之称,单就汽车产业而言,一个型号的汽车所需模具达几千副,价值上亿元,而当汽车更换车型时约有80%的模具需要更换。在模具工业的总产值中,冲压模具约占50%。人们已经越来越认识到模具在制造中的重要基础地位,认识到模具技术水平的高低,已成为衡量一个国家制造业水平高低的重要标志,并在很大程度上决定着产品质量、效益和新产品的开发能力。
本文利用UG在建模方面的强大功能,对汽车玻璃升降器外壳的整套模具进行建模并装配。通过实体建模系统,可以进行快速的概念设计,通过定义设计中的不同部件间的数学关系将它们的需求和设计限制结合在一起;基于特征的实体建模和编辑能力使得设计者可以通过直接编辑实体特征的尺寸,或通过使用其他几何编辑和构造技巧,来改变和更新实体;对UG和ANSYS的接口问题进行了探讨,使专业的CAD造型软件与数值模拟软件很好的结合在一起;利用ANSYS有限元分析软件在数值模拟方面的强大功能,对汽车玻璃升降器外壳有限元模型,进行了强度、刚度、应力应变等计算工作,并对边界条件的建立进行了较有成效的探索,避免了许多计算奇异点的发生,优化了结构,提高了产品性能。
CAD、CAE在设计中的同步使用,计算分析与设计同步,使设计方案达到优化,使产品由出现问题的“事后分析”,转为设计开发过程中的“事前控制”,从根本上保证产品质量。在此基础上,可以将设计与生产更为紧密地连接起来,进一步提高生产效率,为今后产品的智能化生产奠定基础。
Modern mould industry is known for never declining. Only as far as automobile industry is concerned, thousands of moulds which value more than one hundred million RMB are needed in only one type of automobile. However, about 80% of the moulds will need to be replaced when the type of the automobile is going to be changed. In the total value of output of mould industry impact extrusion occupies 50% or so. People begin to realize the great importance of mould in manufacturing and perceive that the technical standard of mould has been regarded as a symbol that indicates the level of the manufacturing in a nation. Further more, mould determines the quality of the products, benefit and the capability of new products exploiting to a great extent.。
This paper mainly focuses on modeling and assembling the whole set moulds which are used to produce the sheathing of automobile glass riser by using the powerful function of UG in respect of modeling. Speedy conceptual design can be conducted by substantiality modeling system and their requirements and the programming restricts will be combined by the mathematic relation among different components in conceptual design. Basing on features, substantiality modeling and editing capacity help the designers changing and renewing substantiality by way of editing the dimension of substantiality features directly or other geometric editing and constructing techniques. UG and the ANSYS interface issues discussed. of professional CAD software modeling and simulation software to integrate very well. The designers can also establish automobile impacting extrusion finite element mould using the great function in respect of data imitating of ANSYS finite element analyzing software, and the strength, rigidity, stress-strain and other calculating tasks can be conducted at the mean time. Besides, effective exploring on the building of boundary condition can be executed, so as to avoid many singular points, to optimize the construction and improve the quality of the product.
For the sake of optimizing design plan, CAD and CAE can be used simultaneously in designing, calculating analysis and designing can be conducted at the same time. Therefore, the fact of analysis after the problems of the products be found has been changed that the problems can be controlled in advance in the process of designing and exploiting so that the quality of the product can be ensured at the rock bottom. On the basis of these facts, designing and manufacturing can be connected more tightly, and the production efficiency can be improved accordingly, so that the basis of intelligent manufacture in the future has been established.
本文利用UG在建模方面的强大功能,对汽车玻璃升降器外壳的整套模具进行建模并装配。通过实体建模系统,可以进行快速的概念设计,通过定义设计中的不同部件间的数学关系将它们的需求和设计限制结合在一起;基于特征的实体建模和编辑能力使得设计者可以通过直接编辑实体特征的尺寸,或通过使用其他几何编辑和构造技巧,来改变和更新实体;对UG和ANSYS的接口问题进行了探讨,使专业的CAD造型软件与数值模拟软件很好的结合在一起;利用ANSYS有限元分析软件在数值模拟方面的强大功能,对汽车玻璃升降器外壳有限元模型,进行了强度、刚度、应力应变等计算工作,并对边界条件的建立进行了较有成效的探索,避免了许多计算奇异点的发生,优化了结构,提高了产品性能。
CAD、CAE在设计中的同步使用,计算分析与设计同步,使设计方案达到优化,使产品由出现问题的“事后分析”,转为设计开发过程中的“事前控制”,从根本上保证产品质量。在此基础上,可以将设计与生产更为紧密地连接起来,进一步提高生产效率,为今后产品的智能化生产奠定基础。
Modern mould industry is known for never declining. Only as far as automobile industry is concerned, thousands of moulds which value more than one hundred million RMB are needed in only one type of automobile. However, about 80% of the moulds will need to be replaced when the type of the automobile is going to be changed. In the total value of output of mould industry impact extrusion occupies 50% or so. People begin to realize the great importance of mould in manufacturing and perceive that the technical standard of mould has been regarded as a symbol that indicates the level of the manufacturing in a nation. Further more, mould determines the quality of the products, benefit and the capability of new products exploiting to a great extent.。
This paper mainly focuses on modeling and assembling the whole set moulds which are used to produce the sheathing of automobile glass riser by using the powerful function of UG in respect of modeling. Speedy conceptual design can be conducted by substantiality modeling system and their requirements and the programming restricts will be combined by the mathematic relation among different components in conceptual design. Basing on features, substantiality modeling and editing capacity help the designers changing and renewing substantiality by way of editing the dimension of substantiality features directly or other geometric editing and constructing techniques. UG and the ANSYS interface issues discussed. of professional CAD software modeling and simulation software to integrate very well. The designers can also establish automobile impacting extrusion finite element mould using the great function in respect of data imitating of ANSYS finite element analyzing software, and the strength, rigidity, stress-strain and other calculating tasks can be conducted at the mean time. Besides, effective exploring on the building of boundary condition can be executed, so as to avoid many singular points, to optimize the construction and improve the quality of the product.
For the sake of optimizing design plan, CAD and CAE can be used simultaneously in designing, calculating analysis and designing can be conducted at the same time. Therefore, the fact of analysis after the problems of the products be found has been changed that the problems can be controlled in advance in the process of designing and exploiting so that the quality of the product can be ensured at the rock bottom. On the basis of these facts, designing and manufacturing can be connected more tightly, and the production efficiency can be improved accordingly, so that the basis of intelligent manufacture in the future has been established.
引文
[1] 张朝晖,ANSYS 8.0 结构分析及实例解析,机械工业出版社,2005
[2] 余强,魏青周,周京平,UG 零件设计技术与实践 NX4.0 版,电子工业出版社,2007:220-257
[3] 张铜生,张富德,简明有限元法及其应用,地震出版社,1990
[4] 郑可锽,实用冲压模具设计手册,北京:宇航出版社,1990
[5] 叶先磊,史亚杰,ANSYS 工程分析软件应用实例,华大学出版社,2003
[6] 陈己明,谢龙汉,UG NX4.0 模具设计实用教程,清华大学出版社,2006 :11-36
[7] 王元汉,李丽娟,李银平,有限元法基础与程序设计,华南理工大学出版社,2001
[8] 陈虹,冲压工艺与模具设计,北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[9] 王勖成,邵敏,有限元法基本原理和数值方法,清华大学出版社,1995
[10]涂光祺,冲模技术,机械工业出版社,2002
[11]郑家贤,冲压工艺与模具设计实用技术,机械工业出版社,2005
[12]唐海翔,UG NX2 注塑模具设计培训教程,清华大学出版社,2005
[13]恒盛杰资讯,精通 UG 中文版制造加工篇,中国青年出版社,2006
[14]唐鹏工作室,UG NX2 模具设计,机械工业出版社,2005
[15]模具手册之六/《模具制造手册》编写组.模具制造手册第二版(修订本),机械工业出版社,1996.
[16]郎代兵,UG NX 汽车自动化设计清华大学出版社,2006:17-43
[17]吴诗惇，冲压工艺学，西北工业大学出版社，1987
[18]张广礼,张鹏,洪雪,UG 18 基础教程,清华大学出版社,2002.
[19]杜东福,实用板料冲模设计,能源出版社.
[20]余世浩等,冲裁模 CAD/CAM 系统,机械工业出版社,1996
[21]钟志华,李光耀,薄板冲压成型过程的计算机仿真与应用,北京理工大学出版社,1998
[22]康亚鹏,模具设计基础教程,北京:人民邮电出版社,2003
[23]大连理工大学工程化教研室.机械制图,第四版,高等教育出版社,1993
[24]周宁,ANSYS 机械工程应用实例,中国水利水电出版社,2006:372-382
[25]濮良贵,纪名刚,机械设计,高等教育出版社.2001
[26]洪如瑾,UG CAD 快速入门指导,清华大学出版社,2002
[27]赵昌盛,实用模具材料应用手册,机械工业出版社,2005
[28]阚前华,谭长建,ANSYS 高级工程应用实例分析与二次开发,电子工业出版社,2006:264-284
[29]周大隽等,冲模结构设计要领与范例,机械工业出版社,2005
[30]张如华等,冲压工艺与模具设计,清华大学出版社,2006
[31]李奇,模具设计与制造,人民邮电出版社,2006
[32]模具实用技术丛书编委会编,冲模设计应用实例,机械工业出版社,2005
[33]卢险峰,冲压工艺模具学[M],第二版,机械工业出版社,2006
[34]刘靖岩.冷冲压工艺与模具设计[M],中国轻工业出版社,2006
[35]刘洁,现代模具设计,学工业出版社,2005
[36]彭建生,模具设计与加工速查手册,机械工业出版社,2005
[37]许发樾,模具设计与制造实用手册,第二版,机械工业出版社,2005
[38]胡仁喜,Unigraphics NX3.0 中文版机械设计高级应用实例,机械工业出版社,2005
[39]王富耻,张朝辉,ANSYS10.0 有限元分析理论与工程应用,电子工业出版社,2006:31-113
[40]严正,黄海峰,朱培玉,UG/WAVE 技术在建立拉延模型上的研究与应用,模具技术,2006:3~5.
[41]武江传,ANSYS 在结构分析中的应用,连云港化工高等专科学校学报,2002
[42]陈继文,范文利等,工程机械新技术和发展趋势,现代制造工程,2006:144~146.
[43]付本国,UG NX3.0 三维机械设计,机械工业出版社,2005
[44]张英会,刘辉航,王德成.弹簧手册,机械工业出版社,1997
[45]林龙震老师工作室,冲压模具设计基础,金禾出版社.
[46]胡仁喜,王庆五,闫石,ANSYS 8.2 机械设计高级应用实例,机械工业出版社,出版日期:2005
[47]沈军,基于 UG NX 的冲压模 CAD 开发方法的研究及其实现,硕士学位论文,2005
[48]胡仁喜,UG NX4.0 中文版机械设计高级应用实例,机械工业出版社,2007:236-246
[49]Weishan, Zhang; Shoumei, Xiong; Baicheng, Liu,Study on a CAD/CAE System of Die Casting,Journal of Materials Processing Technology Volume: 63, Issue: 1-3, January, 1997, pp. 707-711
[50]Park, Sang B. An expert system of progressive die design for electron gun grid parts,Journal of Materials Processing Technology Volume: 88, Issue: 1-3, April 15, 1999, pp. 216 – 221。
[51]Sim, Sung-Bo; Lee, Sung-Taeg; Jang, Chan-Ho,A study on the development of center carrier type progressive die for U-bending part process,Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Volume: 153-154, Complete, November 10, 2004, pp. 1005-1010。
[52]Computer Aided Design Report,《Follow-up on Parametric Technology》1990
[53]Carl Machover, 《Four Decads of Computer Graphics,Computer Graphics and Application》,Nov.1994
[54]张如清,詹先义,非线性有限元分析,重庆大学出版社,1990:10-200
[55]邵鹏飞,王秀喜,金属板料冲压成型的数值模拟,机械设计与研究,2002:2-23
[56]唐炳涛,赵震,陈军,阮雪榆,板料冲压成形坯料优化设计方法研究,金属成形工艺,2004,Vol.22:35-37
[57]潘艺果,夏巨湛,谢世坤,压边力在板料冲压成型中的控制研究,机械工程师,2004,No.1:20-23
[58]王先进,金属薄板成型技术,兵器工业出版社,1993:16-17
[59]陈中奎,金属板料冲压成型过程有限元数值模拟的研究与开发,北京航空航天大学博士论文,2000:2-25
[60]谭晶,孙胜,赵振铎,黄文斌,拉深工艺变压边力控制数值模拟研究,中国机械工程,2003,No.4:30-33
[61]王国强,实用工程数值模拟技术在 ANSYS 上的实践,西安:西安工业大学出版社,2001:1-130
[2] 余强,魏青周,周京平,UG 零件设计技术与实践 NX4.0 版,电子工业出版社,2007:220-257
[3] 张铜生,张富德,简明有限元法及其应用,地震出版社,1990
[4] 郑可锽,实用冲压模具设计手册,北京:宇航出版社,1990
[5] 叶先磊,史亚杰,ANSYS 工程分析软件应用实例,华大学出版社,2003
[6] 陈己明,谢龙汉,UG NX4.0 模具设计实用教程,清华大学出版社,2006 :11-36
[7] 王元汉,李丽娟,李银平,有限元法基础与程序设计,华南理工大学出版社,2001
[8] 陈虹,冲压工艺与模具设计,北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[9] 王勖成,邵敏,有限元法基本原理和数值方法,清华大学出版社,1995
[10]涂光祺,冲模技术,机械工业出版社,2002
[11]郑家贤,冲压工艺与模具设计实用技术,机械工业出版社,2005
[12]唐海翔,UG NX2 注塑模具设计培训教程,清华大学出版社,2005
[13]恒盛杰资讯,精通 UG 中文版制造加工篇,中国青年出版社,2006
[14]唐鹏工作室,UG NX2 模具设计,机械工业出版社,2005
[15]模具手册之六/《模具制造手册》编写组.模具制造手册第二版(修订本),机械工业出版社,1996.
[16]郎代兵,UG NX 汽车自动化设计清华大学出版社,2006:17-43
[17]吴诗惇，冲压工艺学，西北工业大学出版社，1987
[18]张广礼,张鹏,洪雪,UG 18 基础教程,清华大学出版社,2002.
[19]杜东福,实用板料冲模设计,能源出版社.
[20]余世浩等,冲裁模 CAD/CAM 系统,机械工业出版社,1996
[21]钟志华,李光耀,薄板冲压成型过程的计算机仿真与应用,北京理工大学出版社,1998
[22]康亚鹏,模具设计基础教程,北京:人民邮电出版社,2003
[23]大连理工大学工程化教研室.机械制图,第四版,高等教育出版社,1993
[24]周宁,ANSYS 机械工程应用实例,中国水利水电出版社,2006:372-382
[25]濮良贵,纪名刚,机械设计,高等教育出版社.2001
[26]洪如瑾,UG CAD 快速入门指导,清华大学出版社,2002
[27]赵昌盛,实用模具材料应用手册,机械工业出版社,2005
[28]阚前华,谭长建,ANSYS 高级工程应用实例分析与二次开发,电子工业出版社,2006:264-284
[29]周大隽等,冲模结构设计要领与范例,机械工业出版社,2005
[30]张如华等,冲压工艺与模具设计,清华大学出版社,2006
[31]李奇,模具设计与制造,人民邮电出版社,2006
[32]模具实用技术丛书编委会编,冲模设计应用实例,机械工业出版社,2005
[33]卢险峰,冲压工艺模具学[M],第二版,机械工业出版社,2006
[34]刘靖岩.冷冲压工艺与模具设计[M],中国轻工业出版社,2006
[35]刘洁,现代模具设计,学工业出版社,2005
[36]彭建生,模具设计与加工速查手册,机械工业出版社,2005
[37]许发樾,模具设计与制造实用手册,第二版,机械工业出版社,2005
[38]胡仁喜,Unigraphics NX3.0 中文版机械设计高级应用实例,机械工业出版社,2005
[39]王富耻,张朝辉,ANSYS10.0 有限元分析理论与工程应用,电子工业出版社,2006:31-113
[40]严正,黄海峰,朱培玉,UG/WAVE 技术在建立拉延模型上的研究与应用,模具技术,2006:3~5.
[41]武江传,ANSYS 在结构分析中的应用,连云港化工高等专科学校学报,2002
[42]陈继文,范文利等,工程机械新技术和发展趋势,现代制造工程,2006:144~146.
[43]付本国,UG NX3.0 三维机械设计,机械工业出版社,2005
[44]张英会,刘辉航,王德成.弹簧手册,机械工业出版社,1997
[45]林龙震老师工作室,冲压模具设计基础,金禾出版社.
[46]胡仁喜,王庆五,闫石,ANSYS 8.2 机械设计高级应用实例,机械工业出版社,出版日期:2005
[47]沈军,基于 UG NX 的冲压模 CAD 开发方法的研究及其实现,硕士学位论文,2005
[48]胡仁喜,UG NX4.0 中文版机械设计高级应用实例,机械工业出版社,2007:236-246
[49]Weishan, Zhang; Shoumei, Xiong; Baicheng, Liu,Study on a CAD/CAE System of Die Casting,Journal of Materials Processing Technology Volume: 63, Issue: 1-3, January, 1997, pp. 707-711
[50]Park, Sang B. An expert system of progressive die design for electron gun grid parts,Journal of Materials Processing Technology Volume: 88, Issue: 1-3, April 15, 1999, pp. 216 – 221。
[51]Sim, Sung-Bo; Lee, Sung-Taeg; Jang, Chan-Ho,A study on the development of center carrier type progressive die for U-bending part process,Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Volume: 153-154, Complete, November 10, 2004, pp. 1005-1010。
[52]Computer Aided Design Report,《Follow-up on Parametric Technology》1990
[53]Carl Machover, 《Four Decads of Computer Graphics,Computer Graphics and Application》,Nov.1994
[54]张如清,詹先义,非线性有限元分析,重庆大学出版社,1990:10-200
[55]邵鹏飞,王秀喜,金属板料冲压成型的数值模拟,机械设计与研究,2002:2-23
[56]唐炳涛,赵震,陈军,阮雪榆,板料冲压成形坯料优化设计方法研究,金属成形工艺,2004,Vol.22:35-37
[57]潘艺果,夏巨湛,谢世坤,压边力在板料冲压成型中的控制研究,机械工程师,2004,No.1:20-23
[58]王先进,金属薄板成型技术,兵器工业出版社,1993:16-17
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