矩阵变换器—永磁同步电机调速系统运行控制
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摘要
矩阵变换器作为交-交单级功率变换器,具有输入输出波形谐波小、功率因数调整灵活、能量双向流动、功率密度大等众多特点,受到国内外电力电子与电力传动领域的广泛关注。本文主要围绕矩阵变换器-永磁同步电机调速系统的运行与控制,分析矩阵变换器运行特性,研究调速系统稳定性以及非正常电源输入情况下的动、静态性能改善措施。
本文从广义变换器高频合成原理出发,分析矩阵变换器的电能变换关系,推导空间矢量调制下变换器的控制规律;在基本调制方法基础上,从变换器运行控制入手建立矩阵变换器与感性负载的统一数学模型,进行稳定性分析;比较稳定性改善方法,得出功率变换电路结构及调制策略对电能变换质量影响的相关结论,为矩阵变换器实验系统设计奠定基础。
针对矩阵变换器电压传输比偏低问题,建立定子电流运动轨迹与电压极限椭圆族分布关系,评估永磁同步电机矢量控制方法的运行性能。针对矩阵变换器受稳定性限制功率无法实现最大化输出问题,从矩阵变换器与永磁同步电机集成角度建立系统动态数学模型,通过偏微分线性化方法及稳定性判定条件,提供矩阵变换器调制策略中滤波参数下限值作为实现调速系统最大功率稳定输出的设计参考约束。
针对矩阵变换器输出易受电源扰动影响及传输特性的强非线性等问题,提出一种基于内模控制原理的新型矩阵变换器-永磁同步电机系统控制策略,以提高调速系统在非正常电源输入下动、静态响应性能。文中基于占空比空间矢量建立矩阵变换器空间矢量模型,通过小信号分析,探讨影响变换器输出性能的内因和外因。在此基础上总结调速系统控制器设计要求,进行转速、电流控制器结构、参数重构。仿真及实验结果表明,新型控制策略兼有扰动抑制响应迅速和对参数变化鲁棒性强的优点。
采用MCU结合FPGA的数字化控制器结构,构建一套可靠性高、动静态响应良好的矩阵变换器-永磁同步电机调速系统样机,完成矩阵变换器非线性传递特性分析、非正常电源输入下调速系统性能评估等实验内容,为本文的理论分析和控制策略有效性提供实验结果证明。
Matrix converters are single stage power converters. They have received a good deal of attention in the fields of power electronics and electric drives due to their advantages like reduced harmonics, adjustable input power factor, bidirectional energy transmission, high power density and so on. In this paper, the PMSM drive system fed with matrix converters is studied concerning on its operation and control. The major work presented in this paper includes analysis of matrix converters’operating characteristic in a MC-PMSM system, stability analysis of the system and improvement for the sysem on dynamic and steady performance under input voltage disturbance.
Based on the High Frequency Synthesis principle, the relationship between the input and the output of MC is analyzed, and the control law of Space Vector PWM is derived. With the basic modulation strategy, a MC system with inductive load is modeled and analyzed on its stability. Different methods for developing system stability are discussed and compared. Finally, a conclusion that stability of system is dependent on power circuit topology and modulation strategy of MC has been drawn, and it is used as a guide for parameters selection in experimental setup design.
On the problem of comparatively low voltage transfer ratio of MC, current vector loci and voltage vector ellipse set are plotted to evaluate operating performance of MC-PMSM system controlled by vector control strategy. Stability problem causes output power of MC system to be limited under its nominal value. In this paper, state equations of the MC-PMSM system are derived. These equations are linearized around its steady operating point, and the relationship between stability and parameters of the system is obtained according to stability criterion. The results are used as a reference for design of input power filter to make the speed regulating system meet desired output power.
Disturbance from inputs of MC has significant effects on its output due to the direct connection topology. In addition, the nonlinear output characteristic of MC also increases the complexity of precise control for MC-PMSM system. A strategy based on internal model control (IMC) is proposed to reduce the adverse impact on drive performance caused by nonlinear output characteristic of matrix converter in the case of input voltage disturbance. The nonlinear output characteristic of MC is modeled in space vector form. Internal and external causes which affect output performance are analyzed and discussed after a linear process for the model. Design specifications are updated according to the analysis results. Then, structures and parameters of both speed and current controllers are redesigned. Simulation and experiment show that good dynamic and steady performance on PMSM speeding is achieved under the unbalanced input voltage condition, and the immunity to disturbance of the drive system is verified to be improved.
An MC-PMSM experimental setup is built by using a digitized controller structure with Micro Control Unit (MCU) and FPGA. The analysis of nonlinear output characteristics of MC and the evaluation of system performance under input voltage disturbance are tested on the experimental setup. Finally, conclusions in the paper are supported, and the proposed strategy is verified by the experimental results.
本文从广义变换器高频合成原理出发,分析矩阵变换器的电能变换关系,推导空间矢量调制下变换器的控制规律;在基本调制方法基础上,从变换器运行控制入手建立矩阵变换器与感性负载的统一数学模型,进行稳定性分析;比较稳定性改善方法,得出功率变换电路结构及调制策略对电能变换质量影响的相关结论,为矩阵变换器实验系统设计奠定基础。
针对矩阵变换器电压传输比偏低问题,建立定子电流运动轨迹与电压极限椭圆族分布关系,评估永磁同步电机矢量控制方法的运行性能。针对矩阵变换器受稳定性限制功率无法实现最大化输出问题,从矩阵变换器与永磁同步电机集成角度建立系统动态数学模型,通过偏微分线性化方法及稳定性判定条件,提供矩阵变换器调制策略中滤波参数下限值作为实现调速系统最大功率稳定输出的设计参考约束。
针对矩阵变换器输出易受电源扰动影响及传输特性的强非线性等问题,提出一种基于内模控制原理的新型矩阵变换器-永磁同步电机系统控制策略,以提高调速系统在非正常电源输入下动、静态响应性能。文中基于占空比空间矢量建立矩阵变换器空间矢量模型,通过小信号分析,探讨影响变换器输出性能的内因和外因。在此基础上总结调速系统控制器设计要求,进行转速、电流控制器结构、参数重构。仿真及实验结果表明,新型控制策略兼有扰动抑制响应迅速和对参数变化鲁棒性强的优点。
采用MCU结合FPGA的数字化控制器结构,构建一套可靠性高、动静态响应良好的矩阵变换器-永磁同步电机调速系统样机,完成矩阵变换器非线性传递特性分析、非正常电源输入下调速系统性能评估等实验内容,为本文的理论分析和控制策略有效性提供实验结果证明。
Matrix converters are single stage power converters. They have received a good deal of attention in the fields of power electronics and electric drives due to their advantages like reduced harmonics, adjustable input power factor, bidirectional energy transmission, high power density and so on. In this paper, the PMSM drive system fed with matrix converters is studied concerning on its operation and control. The major work presented in this paper includes analysis of matrix converters’operating characteristic in a MC-PMSM system, stability analysis of the system and improvement for the sysem on dynamic and steady performance under input voltage disturbance.
Based on the High Frequency Synthesis principle, the relationship between the input and the output of MC is analyzed, and the control law of Space Vector PWM is derived. With the basic modulation strategy, a MC system with inductive load is modeled and analyzed on its stability. Different methods for developing system stability are discussed and compared. Finally, a conclusion that stability of system is dependent on power circuit topology and modulation strategy of MC has been drawn, and it is used as a guide for parameters selection in experimental setup design.
On the problem of comparatively low voltage transfer ratio of MC, current vector loci and voltage vector ellipse set are plotted to evaluate operating performance of MC-PMSM system controlled by vector control strategy. Stability problem causes output power of MC system to be limited under its nominal value. In this paper, state equations of the MC-PMSM system are derived. These equations are linearized around its steady operating point, and the relationship between stability and parameters of the system is obtained according to stability criterion. The results are used as a reference for design of input power filter to make the speed regulating system meet desired output power.
Disturbance from inputs of MC has significant effects on its output due to the direct connection topology. In addition, the nonlinear output characteristic of MC also increases the complexity of precise control for MC-PMSM system. A strategy based on internal model control (IMC) is proposed to reduce the adverse impact on drive performance caused by nonlinear output characteristic of matrix converter in the case of input voltage disturbance. The nonlinear output characteristic of MC is modeled in space vector form. Internal and external causes which affect output performance are analyzed and discussed after a linear process for the model. Design specifications are updated according to the analysis results. Then, structures and parameters of both speed and current controllers are redesigned. Simulation and experiment show that good dynamic and steady performance on PMSM speeding is achieved under the unbalanced input voltage condition, and the immunity to disturbance of the drive system is verified to be improved.
An MC-PMSM experimental setup is built by using a digitized controller structure with Micro Control Unit (MCU) and FPGA. The analysis of nonlinear output characteristics of MC and the evaluation of system performance under input voltage disturbance are tested on the experimental setup. Finally, conclusions in the paper are supported, and the proposed strategy is verified by the experimental results.
引文
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