高速铁路隧道内气动荷载研究
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摘要
高速列车进入隧道时会在隧道内产生空气压力波，这种压力波动相当于气动荷载作用在隧道衬砌结构和隧道内各种设备上，对其疲劳耐久性产生影响。根据空气动力学理论和计算流体动力学软件FLUENT对高速铁路隧道内气动荷载问题进行了系统而深入的研究。主要研究体现在以下三个方面：
高速铁路隧道气动流场特性。通过理论与实例分析，比较了两种不同工况下隧道内的压力波动，说明了列车即使离开隧道一段时间，它对隧道内的空气压力波仍然是有影响的。
高速铁路隧道内空气压力波动三维效应。采用三维粘性、不等熵、可压缩、非定常流动模型，对高速铁路隧道内的空气压力波动进行了数值模拟，找到了隧道断面上最大压力变化位置和隧道中明显呈现三维效应的断面位置。
高速铁路隧道气动疲劳荷载谱。根据频谱分析理论着重说明了气动疲劳荷载谱的研究方法，把通过数值模拟计算得到的高速铁路隧道内空气压力波动变化时程曲线作为一种动态信号，经过付利叶变换转化为与其相对应的频域曲线，来研究气动疲劳荷载谱特征。并通过对两种工况的计算、比较找到了气动疲劳荷载谱的主要影响因素及变化规律。为研究高速铁路隧道内衬砌结构和各种设备的疲劳耐久性奠定了基础。
When high-speed train enters the tunnel, aerodynamic responses will be caused, and air pressure wave will be produced, which can be regarded as an aerodynamic load applied on tunnel lining structure and all kinds of device in tunnel, and affect the structure's fatigue durability. By using the theory of aerodynamics and the soft of FLUENT of hydrokinetics, three aspects of the aerodynamic load in high-speed railway tunnel is studied systemically and deeply.
The characteristic of aerodynamic field of high-speed railway. Several examples is studied to compare the pressure air in tunnel in two different conditions, and the result shows that even if a train has been off tunnel for some time, its influence on air pressure wave still exits.
The three-dimensional effect of air pressure wave in high-speed railway tunnel. The paper adopts three-dimensional unsteady viscous compressible non-homentropic flow model, Three-dimensional numerical simulation on the air pressure change in the high-speed railway tunnel is carried. The numerical results show that the difference among the pressure values of different points at the same cross-section exists, the pressure change in tunnel is three-dimensional.
The aerodynamic fatigue load spectrum in high-speed railway tunnel. Based on the theory of spectrum analysis, the research method of aerodynamic fatigue load spectrum is explained, Take the temporal curve of High-speed railway air pressure fluctuation which calculated by numerical simulation as a dynamic signal, converted into corresponding frequency-domine curve through Fourier transform, to research the features of the aerodynamic fatigue load spectrum. the main factors affecting on aerodynamic fatigue load spectrum, including its rule of change is found by calculating and comparing two conditions, which offered a base for studying the fatigue durability of lining structure and all kinds of device in high-speed railway tunnel.
高速铁路隧道气动流场特性。通过理论与实例分析，比较了两种不同工况下隧道内的压力波动，说明了列车即使离开隧道一段时间，它对隧道内的空气压力波仍然是有影响的。
高速铁路隧道内空气压力波动三维效应。采用三维粘性、不等熵、可压缩、非定常流动模型，对高速铁路隧道内的空气压力波动进行了数值模拟，找到了隧道断面上最大压力变化位置和隧道中明显呈现三维效应的断面位置。
高速铁路隧道气动疲劳荷载谱。根据频谱分析理论着重说明了气动疲劳荷载谱的研究方法，把通过数值模拟计算得到的高速铁路隧道内空气压力波动变化时程曲线作为一种动态信号，经过付利叶变换转化为与其相对应的频域曲线，来研究气动疲劳荷载谱特征。并通过对两种工况的计算、比较找到了气动疲劳荷载谱的主要影响因素及变化规律。为研究高速铁路隧道内衬砌结构和各种设备的疲劳耐久性奠定了基础。
When high-speed train enters the tunnel, aerodynamic responses will be caused, and air pressure wave will be produced, which can be regarded as an aerodynamic load applied on tunnel lining structure and all kinds of device in tunnel, and affect the structure's fatigue durability. By using the theory of aerodynamics and the soft of FLUENT of hydrokinetics, three aspects of the aerodynamic load in high-speed railway tunnel is studied systemically and deeply.
The characteristic of aerodynamic field of high-speed railway. Several examples is studied to compare the pressure air in tunnel in two different conditions, and the result shows that even if a train has been off tunnel for some time, its influence on air pressure wave still exits.
The three-dimensional effect of air pressure wave in high-speed railway tunnel. The paper adopts three-dimensional unsteady viscous compressible non-homentropic flow model, Three-dimensional numerical simulation on the air pressure change in the high-speed railway tunnel is carried. The numerical results show that the difference among the pressure values of different points at the same cross-section exists, the pressure change in tunnel is three-dimensional.
The aerodynamic fatigue load spectrum in high-speed railway tunnel. Based on the theory of spectrum analysis, the research method of aerodynamic fatigue load spectrum is explained, Take the temporal curve of High-speed railway air pressure fluctuation which calculated by numerical simulation as a dynamic signal, converted into corresponding frequency-domine curve through Fourier transform, to research the features of the aerodynamic fatigue load spectrum. the main factors affecting on aerodynamic fatigue load spectrum, including its rule of change is found by calculating and comparing two conditions, which offered a base for studying the fatigue durability of lining structure and all kinds of device in high-speed railway tunnel.
引文
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[13] Steinruck P., Sockel H..Fuither calculations on transient pressure alleviation and simiplitied for initial tunnel design. Proc. 5th ISAVVT, BHRA, Paper E4, 1985.
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[15] Steinbeuer J.. Calculation of unsteady pressures during passing and tunnel entrance of trains. ASME Aerodynamics of transportation. 1979, 6:18-20.
[16] Gregoire R., Rety J.M., Masbermat F, Morinere V., Bellenoue M., Kageyama T..Experimental study (scale 1/70th) and numerical simulations of the generation of pressure wave and micro-pressure waves due to high speed train-tunnel entry. Proc. 9th ISAVVT, Aosta Valley, Italy, London:Me Publ. 1997.
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[18] H-B Kwon, etc..Numedcal study of flow characteristics of the high speed train passing through a tunnel. Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs. Part F, 2003, 217(2).
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[20] Suzuki E.. Computational study on flow induced vibration of high-speed train in tunnel. Proc. Int. Conf. Flow Induc. Vib. 7th Lucerne, 2000.
[21] Suzuki M..Unsteady aerodynamic force acting on high speed trains in tunnel. QR of RTRI, 2001, 4292):89-93.
[22] 梅元贵，赵海恒，刘应清。高速铁路隧道压力波数值分析。西南交通大学学报，1995，30(6)：667-672．
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[24] 关宝树。隧道工程设计要点集。人民交通出版社，2003。
[25] 王建宇。列车通过隧道时诱发的空气动力学问题和高速铁路隧道设计参数。世界隧道，1995(01)：3-13。
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