洗选厂洗煤车间PLC控制及其组态
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摘要
本论文所研究的成庄矿洗选厂是一个年生产能力约为400万吨的矿井型动力煤选煤厂，包括原煤、洗煤、末煤、检修四个车间，全厂控制系统主要由原煤车间、洗煤车间、洗末煤车间三个控制部分组成。
现在各个系统分别在各个车间的控制室，厂调度员和厂领导并不能及时掌握现场设备的运行状态，出现故障后只能通过电话来询问故障设备的编号和原因，有时也不便于集中管理和调度指挥。现在许多数据的统计还是停留在手工统计的基础上，这样由于种种原因可能出现数据的失真现象，另外对于数据的查询和存档都存在许多问题。全厂各个控制系统相对独立，没有一个生产调度系统，给生产指挥和监视设备的运行状态带来相当大的困难。在增加生产调度系统的同时，也增加了不少新的洗选设备，厂内大部分控制系统由于近年来大量改造和几年前原来设计思路，远不能达到现在安全生产运行的需要，为此必须对全厂控制系统进行完善，保证生产的安全高效的进行，同时为企业形成工业自动化系统奠定基础。
目前，在工控领域PLC控制和上位机组态应用及其通讯是比较热门的技术，随着可编程序控制器(PLC)技术的发展，由于其高可靠性、高性价比、广泛的工业现场适应性和方便的工艺扩展性能，PLC在工业自动控制过程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。
本文正是在这种背景下，从PLC的基本结构入手，就目前国内常用的几种PLC进行了性能比较，并对PLC控制系统的通用设计方法和提高系统可靠性的一些基本措施的应用研究作了尝试，重点探讨了PLC控制系统硬件、软件的设计方法，在原煤车间的原煤主提升控制系统中，PLC功能模块通过GENIUS网用双绞线与井下机尾分站进行通讯，同时通过DEVICENET网络与各个配电室进行通讯。洗煤车间的控制系统主要采用GE的9030系列PLC，通过GENIUS网络将现有的5个分站都连接在了一起。对PLC在实际现场控制过程中经常遇到的一些实际问题提出了具体解决方案。利用PLC控制技术，对整个控制系统进行了自动控制系统设计。上位机采用北京亚控组态软件实现对PLC的监控。
Our study subject is the plant of coal washing and selecting in chengzhuang coal mine, who washes and selects coal that belonging power coal of coal mine for about 4 million tons in a year. There are four workshops: origin coal workshop, washing coal workshop, washing smash coal workshop and checking repairing workshop. The whole control system of the plant is composed of three parts (origin coal workshop, coal washing workshop, smash coal washing workshop).
Now every control system is in their control room, so the factory transfer workers and the factory leaders could not know the current case in time. Advent ing troubles, they get the information of the failure sets only by virtue of ring. At times, it' s inconvenient to focusing govern and dispatch. Now, for the fact that the census of a lot of data is worked out by hand, there are many lapses on dada, and there are also many problems on the reference and on file of data. For the relative independence of the whole plant control systems and the absence of a produce committing system, there is very much difficult in directing produce and monitoring the sets' running condition. Enhanceing produce committing system, there are many new coal washing and selecting devices by added. Because quite a few control systems are reformed in recent years and the designing thread is changed old, and they are far away from the need of safe produce, the whole control system must be reformed. Nothing but so, the produce will go on safety and efficiently. At the same time, what we will do will pave the way for the formation of establishment auto system.
At present, the PLC control , the up computer configuration and communication are very enthusiastic technology. With the develop of PLC technology, on account of the high reliability, high property and price rate, broad industrial scene orientately and convenient technical expansions, PLC is more and more widely used in the control of industria automation.
At the background of all above, the article is beginning from the basic frame of PLC, compareing the property of PLC, which is usually used at home. Studying some usual design manners and a few basic means improving reliable in the PLC control system. Analyse the ways of hardware and software designing in PLC control system. In main raising control system of original coal workshop, PLC function models communicate with machine tail branch station in coal well using dual wringing strings by GENIUS net. And they also communicate with every electricity division chamber by DEVICE net. At coal washing workshop, the control system take use of the PLC of GE 9030 , and connect all five branch stations with DEVICE net. We put forward concrete answers of some scene practical question. Using PLC control technology, we design the whole auto control system. The up computer configuration software which belonging Beijing KingView cor is used in PLC monitoring control system.
现在各个系统分别在各个车间的控制室，厂调度员和厂领导并不能及时掌握现场设备的运行状态，出现故障后只能通过电话来询问故障设备的编号和原因，有时也不便于集中管理和调度指挥。现在许多数据的统计还是停留在手工统计的基础上，这样由于种种原因可能出现数据的失真现象，另外对于数据的查询和存档都存在许多问题。全厂各个控制系统相对独立，没有一个生产调度系统，给生产指挥和监视设备的运行状态带来相当大的困难。在增加生产调度系统的同时，也增加了不少新的洗选设备，厂内大部分控制系统由于近年来大量改造和几年前原来设计思路，远不能达到现在安全生产运行的需要，为此必须对全厂控制系统进行完善，保证生产的安全高效的进行，同时为企业形成工业自动化系统奠定基础。
目前，在工控领域PLC控制和上位机组态应用及其通讯是比较热门的技术，随着可编程序控制器(PLC)技术的发展，由于其高可靠性、高性价比、广泛的工业现场适应性和方便的工艺扩展性能，PLC在工业自动控制过程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。
本文正是在这种背景下，从PLC的基本结构入手，就目前国内常用的几种PLC进行了性能比较，并对PLC控制系统的通用设计方法和提高系统可靠性的一些基本措施的应用研究作了尝试，重点探讨了PLC控制系统硬件、软件的设计方法，在原煤车间的原煤主提升控制系统中，PLC功能模块通过GENIUS网用双绞线与井下机尾分站进行通讯，同时通过DEVICENET网络与各个配电室进行通讯。洗煤车间的控制系统主要采用GE的9030系列PLC，通过GENIUS网络将现有的5个分站都连接在了一起。对PLC在实际现场控制过程中经常遇到的一些实际问题提出了具体解决方案。利用PLC控制技术，对整个控制系统进行了自动控制系统设计。上位机采用北京亚控组态软件实现对PLC的监控。
Our study subject is the plant of coal washing and selecting in chengzhuang coal mine, who washes and selects coal that belonging power coal of coal mine for about 4 million tons in a year. There are four workshops: origin coal workshop, washing coal workshop, washing smash coal workshop and checking repairing workshop. The whole control system of the plant is composed of three parts (origin coal workshop, coal washing workshop, smash coal washing workshop).
Now every control system is in their control room, so the factory transfer workers and the factory leaders could not know the current case in time. Advent ing troubles, they get the information of the failure sets only by virtue of ring. At times, it' s inconvenient to focusing govern and dispatch. Now, for the fact that the census of a lot of data is worked out by hand, there are many lapses on dada, and there are also many problems on the reference and on file of data. For the relative independence of the whole plant control systems and the absence of a produce committing system, there is very much difficult in directing produce and monitoring the sets' running condition. Enhanceing produce committing system, there are many new coal washing and selecting devices by added. Because quite a few control systems are reformed in recent years and the designing thread is changed old, and they are far away from the need of safe produce, the whole control system must be reformed. Nothing but so, the produce will go on safety and efficiently. At the same time, what we will do will pave the way for the formation of establishment auto system.
At present, the PLC control , the up computer configuration and communication are very enthusiastic technology. With the develop of PLC technology, on account of the high reliability, high property and price rate, broad industrial scene orientately and convenient technical expansions, PLC is more and more widely used in the control of industria automation.
At the background of all above, the article is beginning from the basic frame of PLC, compareing the property of PLC, which is usually used at home. Studying some usual design manners and a few basic means improving reliable in the PLC control system. Analyse the ways of hardware and software designing in PLC control system. In main raising control system of original coal workshop, PLC function models communicate with machine tail branch station in coal well using dual wringing strings by GENIUS net. And they also communicate with every electricity division chamber by DEVICE net. At coal washing workshop, the control system take use of the PLC of GE 9030 , and connect all five branch stations with DEVICE net. We put forward concrete answers of some scene practical question. Using PLC control technology, we design the whole auto control system. The up computer configuration software which belonging Beijing KingView cor is used in PLC monitoring control system.
引文
[1] 张学，徐中清，可编程控制器在控制中的应用，电工技术杂志，1999(5)：58-59
[2] 张万忠，刘明芹，电器与PLC控制技术，化学化工出版社，2003，242-248
[3] 王永华，现代电气控制及可编程控制技术[M]，北京：北京航空航天出版社，2002，15-17
[4] 毛好喜，用PLC及变频器控制的自动供水系统的设计[[J]，机电工程技术，2005，34(1)：54-56
[5] 陈宇，可编程控制器基础及技巧[M]，广州：华南理工大学出版社，2000，225-227
[6] 曹京生，PLC输入端扩展技巧[J]，机械制造与自动化，2004，33(6)：103-105
[7] 邱公伟，可编程控制器网络通信及应用(第一版)，清华大学出版社，2000．3
[8] 周万珍，高鸿斌，PLC分析与设计应用，电子工业出版社，2001．1
[9] 张凤珊，电气控制及可编程序控制器，中国轻工业出版社，1999．4．
[10] 张万忠，可编程控制器应用技术，化学工业出版社，2002．
[11] 韩思亮，汤建新，PLC远程监控与故障诊断系统设计与实现[[J]，工业仪表与自动化装置，2005，(1)：23-26
[12] 钟肇新，彭侃，可编程序控制器原理及应用[M]，广州：华南理工大学社，1995，212-215
[13] 李景学，金广业，可编程序控制器应用系统设计方法[M]，北京：电子工业出版社，1995，122-127
[14] 林玉清，熊国林，浅析PLC控制抗干扰能力提高的途径[J]，矿业快报，2003(7)：27-28
[15] 赵文承，PLC在济钢中厚板厂应用中的抗干扰措施，工控新闻网，2007
[16] 何平，兰生海，一种编制复杂PLC程序的新方法，自动化仪表，2004，25(12)：50-52
[17] 宋德玉，可编程序控制器原理及应用系统设计技术[M]，北京：冶金工业出版社，1999411-416
[18] 中华人民共和国能源部，煤矿安全规程，北京：煤炭工业出版社，2001
[19] 煤炭工业选煤厂设计规范，MT5007—94
[20] 顾家辉等，煤矿电工手册，北京：煤炭工业出版社，1987
[21] 谢克明，夏路易，可编程控制器原理与程序设计[M]，电子工业出版社，2002
[22] 陈在平，赵相宾，可编程控制器技术与应用系统设计[M]，北京：机械工业出版社，2002
[23] 魏晓东，分散型控制系统，上海：上海科学技术文献出版社，1999
[24] 郑文波等，控制网络技术，北京：清华大学出版社，2001
[25] 阳宪惠等，现场总线技术及其应用，北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[26] 蒲志新，熊永超，李赢．PLC梯形图逻辑功能的软件仿真，机床电气，2003(2)：37-40
[27] 姚兴军，叶理平，PLC控制系统的计算机仿真研究，机电一体化，2002(3)：26-28
[28] 李飞，PLC控制系统的抗干扰措施，筑路机械与施工机械化，2002 19(6)：27-28
[29] 马国华．监控组态软件的发展趋势与现状．工控论坛，2002
[30] 吴誉，张卫东等，以太网与现场总线的互连方法，测控技术，2000 9(1)：53-56
[31] 熊幸明，提高PLC控制系统可靠性的探讨，机床电器，2003(1)：29-31
[32] 凌澄，PC总线工业控制系统精粹，清华大学出版社，1998
[33] 陈燕虹，基于微机的集散控制系统组态软件的设计与研究，测控技术，No．5 1998
[34] 廖常初，可编程序控制器应用技术，重庆大学出版社，1998
[35] 马国华，监控组态软件及应用，清华大学出版社，2001
[36] 朱俊，PLC在粮库自动控制系统中的应用，电气自动化，2000．5
[37] 组态王6．5用户手册，北京亚控自动化软件科技有限公司
[38] S.N. vasil'ev, D.V. Volosnikov, A Programmable Device for Experiments Employing a Superheated Probe in the Pulsed Operation Mode, Instruments and Experimental Techniques, 2004,47(4):539-544
[39] HiroshiSakai, TatsuoMasuda, High-speed CDP for FP2SH programmable Controller, A&I Technical Report, 2000,(70):64-68
[40] Ikumasa Okumura, Toshikatsu Watanabe, Noboru Itoh, Ritsuo Mihira, A method of software synthesis for interlocking in railway signalling using safe PLC(Programmable logic controller), 电气学会论文志，2000，120-D(1): 88-95
[41] SIEMENS, SIMATIC SS—135U Progratmnable Controller Manual
[42] Lyu M R, Society Handbook of Software Reliability Engineering, IEEE ComputerPress, 1996
[43] SIEMENS, SIMATIC S7 Modle, STC55.3.1994
[44] AS. Tanenbaum, Computer Network, Third Edition. Englewood Clifs, PrenticeHall, 1996
[45] D. Comer, Internetworking TCP/IP, Vol. 1,Englewood Clifs, Prentice Hall, 1995
[46] WRichard Stevens, TCP/IP Illustrated, Vol 1. Pearson Education, Inc. 1998
[47] Lyu M R, Handbook of Software Reliability Engineering, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1996
[48]Kenneth C. Louden, Compiler Construction Principles and Practice , U.S.A: Thomson Learning, 2002
[49]Steve Leibson,The Handbook of Microcomputer Interfacing, 1987
[50]Robert J.Bibbero,Microprocessors in Instruments and Control. 1987
[2] 张万忠，刘明芹，电器与PLC控制技术，化学化工出版社，2003，242-248
[3] 王永华，现代电气控制及可编程控制技术[M]，北京：北京航空航天出版社，2002，15-17
[4] 毛好喜，用PLC及变频器控制的自动供水系统的设计[[J]，机电工程技术，2005，34(1)：54-56
[5] 陈宇，可编程控制器基础及技巧[M]，广州：华南理工大学出版社，2000，225-227
[6] 曹京生，PLC输入端扩展技巧[J]，机械制造与自动化，2004，33(6)：103-105
[7] 邱公伟，可编程控制器网络通信及应用(第一版)，清华大学出版社，2000．3
[8] 周万珍，高鸿斌，PLC分析与设计应用，电子工业出版社，2001．1
[9] 张凤珊，电气控制及可编程序控制器，中国轻工业出版社，1999．4．
[10] 张万忠，可编程控制器应用技术，化学工业出版社，2002．
[11] 韩思亮，汤建新，PLC远程监控与故障诊断系统设计与实现[[J]，工业仪表与自动化装置，2005，(1)：23-26
[12] 钟肇新，彭侃，可编程序控制器原理及应用[M]，广州：华南理工大学社，1995，212-215
[13] 李景学，金广业，可编程序控制器应用系统设计方法[M]，北京：电子工业出版社，1995，122-127
[14] 林玉清，熊国林，浅析PLC控制抗干扰能力提高的途径[J]，矿业快报，2003(7)：27-28
[15] 赵文承，PLC在济钢中厚板厂应用中的抗干扰措施，工控新闻网，2007
[16] 何平，兰生海，一种编制复杂PLC程序的新方法，自动化仪表，2004，25(12)：50-52
[17] 宋德玉，可编程序控制器原理及应用系统设计技术[M]，北京：冶金工业出版社，1999411-416
[18] 中华人民共和国能源部，煤矿安全规程，北京：煤炭工业出版社，2001
[19] 煤炭工业选煤厂设计规范，MT5007—94
[20] 顾家辉等，煤矿电工手册，北京：煤炭工业出版社，1987
[21] 谢克明，夏路易，可编程控制器原理与程序设计[M]，电子工业出版社，2002
[22] 陈在平，赵相宾，可编程控制器技术与应用系统设计[M]，北京：机械工业出版社，2002
[23] 魏晓东，分散型控制系统，上海：上海科学技术文献出版社，1999
[24] 郑文波等，控制网络技术，北京：清华大学出版社，2001
[25] 阳宪惠等，现场总线技术及其应用，北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[26] 蒲志新，熊永超，李赢．PLC梯形图逻辑功能的软件仿真，机床电气，2003(2)：37-40
[27] 姚兴军，叶理平，PLC控制系统的计算机仿真研究，机电一体化，2002(3)：26-28
[28] 李飞，PLC控制系统的抗干扰措施，筑路机械与施工机械化，2002 19(6)：27-28
[29] 马国华．监控组态软件的发展趋势与现状．工控论坛，2002
[30] 吴誉，张卫东等，以太网与现场总线的互连方法，测控技术，2000 9(1)：53-56
[31] 熊幸明，提高PLC控制系统可靠性的探讨，机床电器，2003(1)：29-31
[32] 凌澄，PC总线工业控制系统精粹，清华大学出版社，1998
[33] 陈燕虹，基于微机的集散控制系统组态软件的设计与研究，测控技术，No．5 1998
[34] 廖常初，可编程序控制器应用技术，重庆大学出版社，1998
[35] 马国华，监控组态软件及应用，清华大学出版社，2001
[36] 朱俊，PLC在粮库自动控制系统中的应用，电气自动化，2000．5
[37] 组态王6．5用户手册，北京亚控自动化软件科技有限公司
[38] S.N. vasil'ev, D.V. Volosnikov, A Programmable Device for Experiments Employing a Superheated Probe in the Pulsed Operation Mode, Instruments and Experimental Techniques, 2004,47(4):539-544
[39] HiroshiSakai, TatsuoMasuda, High-speed CDP for FP2SH programmable Controller, A&I Technical Report, 2000,(70):64-68
[40] Ikumasa Okumura, Toshikatsu Watanabe, Noboru Itoh, Ritsuo Mihira, A method of software synthesis for interlocking in railway signalling using safe PLC(Programmable logic controller), 电气学会论文志，2000，120-D(1): 88-95
[41] SIEMENS, SIMATIC SS—135U Progratmnable Controller Manual
[42] Lyu M R, Society Handbook of Software Reliability Engineering, IEEE ComputerPress, 1996
[43] SIEMENS, SIMATIC S7 Modle, STC55.3.1994
[44] AS. Tanenbaum, Computer Network, Third Edition. Englewood Clifs, PrenticeHall, 1996
[45] D. Comer, Internetworking TCP/IP, Vol. 1,Englewood Clifs, Prentice Hall, 1995
[46] WRichard Stevens, TCP/IP Illustrated, Vol 1. Pearson Education, Inc. 1998
[47] Lyu M R, Handbook of Software Reliability Engineering, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1996
[48]Kenneth C. Louden, Compiler Construction Principles and Practice , U.S.A: Thomson Learning, 2002
[49]Steve Leibson,The Handbook of Microcomputer Interfacing, 1987
[50]Robert J.Bibbero,Microprocessors in Instruments and Control. 1987