WDM系统中光纤光栅光分插复用技术研究
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摘要
光分插复用器（OADM）是WDM光网络的关键器件之一。本文从总结目前主要的OADM结构入手，着重研究了基于光纤光栅和环行器的OADM，并提出了一种新型的基于光纤光栅和环行器的OADM。主要研究内容如下：
1)对光纤光栅的耦合模理论和光纤光栅的调谐技术进行了研究。首先通过光纤光栅的耦合方程给出了光纤光栅布喇格条件和反射率公式，并对啁啾光纤光栅作了简要介绍；其次，我们对光纤光栅的调谐方法作了探讨，重点研究了应力调谐中的悬臂梁及磁场对光纤光栅布拉格波长的调谐。
2)对基于光纤光栅和环行器的四种OADM结构进行了研究和仿真实验。这四种结构分别为可调谐光栅结构（Ⅰ型）、级联光栅结构（Ⅱ型）、两个光栅组合结构（Ⅲ型）、光栅和马赫-曾德尔干涉仪组合结构（Ⅳ型）。仿真实验结果如下：Ⅰ型OADM结构下载信号边模抑制比达到了20.5dB。Ⅱ型OADM结构下载信号边模抑制比达到了20.5dB，上下载的插入损耗非常低，特别是上载功能与其他型OADM相比有一定的优势。Ⅲ型OADM结构，各个下载波的边模抑制比为20dB左右，虽然上载损耗相比Ⅱ型光纤光栅OADM稍微逊色一点，但结构简单灵活，并具有可调谐功能。Ⅳ型OADM结构，各个下载波的边模抑制比为22dB左右，相比其它型光纤光栅OADM结构来说，Ⅳ型光纤光栅OADM下载波边模抑制比多了2dB，因此下载波的信号串扰影响更小一点。
3)提出了一种新型的基于光纤光栅OADM结构。对此新型OADM结构进行两组WDM仿真实验。结果表明此新型结构在满负荷情况下与Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型光纤光栅OADM相比没有很大优势，下载波长的边模抑制比高达20dB，但在不满负荷的情况下，此新型结构对不需要解复用的信号没有影响，具有直通的功能。而且各个下载波的边模抑制比为27dB左右，比满负荷情况下边模抑制比高出7dB，比Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型光纤光栅OADM的边模抑制比更高，而且更方便，直接和灵活。
Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (OADM) is one of the key devices of WDM optical network.This paper summarizes the current structures of OADM, and focuses on the OADM based on fibergrating and circulator. A novel structure of OADM based on fiber grating and circulator is proposedin this paper. The main research contents come as follows:
1) This paper researches on the coupled mode theory and the tuning techniques of fibergrating. The method of the use of magnetic force to strain-tune FBG is also introduced.
2) Four structures of OADM based on fiber grating and circulator are studied and simulated,and the results of the simulations of four structures of OADM are analyzed in this paper.They include a tunable FBG OADM with the cantilever beam tuning scheme, acombination OADM with FBG and couplers,a reconfigurable OADM using two FBGs anda hybrid reconfigurable OADM using Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and FBG.
3) This paper proposes a novel structure of OADM based on fiber Bragg grating .The newOADM structure has the advantages of simple, flexible to use and low insertion loss. Fullload and less load simulation experiments for this novel structure of OADM areresearched and analyzed.
1)对光纤光栅的耦合模理论和光纤光栅的调谐技术进行了研究。首先通过光纤光栅的耦合方程给出了光纤光栅布喇格条件和反射率公式，并对啁啾光纤光栅作了简要介绍；其次，我们对光纤光栅的调谐方法作了探讨，重点研究了应力调谐中的悬臂梁及磁场对光纤光栅布拉格波长的调谐。
2)对基于光纤光栅和环行器的四种OADM结构进行了研究和仿真实验。这四种结构分别为可调谐光栅结构（Ⅰ型）、级联光栅结构（Ⅱ型）、两个光栅组合结构（Ⅲ型）、光栅和马赫-曾德尔干涉仪组合结构（Ⅳ型）。仿真实验结果如下：Ⅰ型OADM结构下载信号边模抑制比达到了20.5dB。Ⅱ型OADM结构下载信号边模抑制比达到了20.5dB，上下载的插入损耗非常低，特别是上载功能与其他型OADM相比有一定的优势。Ⅲ型OADM结构，各个下载波的边模抑制比为20dB左右，虽然上载损耗相比Ⅱ型光纤光栅OADM稍微逊色一点，但结构简单灵活，并具有可调谐功能。Ⅳ型OADM结构，各个下载波的边模抑制比为22dB左右，相比其它型光纤光栅OADM结构来说，Ⅳ型光纤光栅OADM下载波边模抑制比多了2dB，因此下载波的信号串扰影响更小一点。
3)提出了一种新型的基于光纤光栅OADM结构。对此新型OADM结构进行两组WDM仿真实验。结果表明此新型结构在满负荷情况下与Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型光纤光栅OADM相比没有很大优势，下载波长的边模抑制比高达20dB，但在不满负荷的情况下，此新型结构对不需要解复用的信号没有影响，具有直通的功能。而且各个下载波的边模抑制比为27dB左右，比满负荷情况下边模抑制比高出7dB，比Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型光纤光栅OADM的边模抑制比更高，而且更方便，直接和灵活。
Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (OADM) is one of the key devices of WDM optical network.This paper summarizes the current structures of OADM, and focuses on the OADM based on fibergrating and circulator. A novel structure of OADM based on fiber grating and circulator is proposedin this paper. The main research contents come as follows:
1) This paper researches on the coupled mode theory and the tuning techniques of fibergrating. The method of the use of magnetic force to strain-tune FBG is also introduced.
2) Four structures of OADM based on fiber grating and circulator are studied and simulated,and the results of the simulations of four structures of OADM are analyzed in this paper.They include a tunable FBG OADM with the cantilever beam tuning scheme, acombination OADM with FBG and couplers,a reconfigurable OADM using two FBGs anda hybrid reconfigurable OADM using Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and FBG.
3) This paper proposes a novel structure of OADM based on fiber Bragg grating .The newOADM structure has the advantages of simple, flexible to use and low insertion loss. Fullload and less load simulation experiments for this novel structure of OADM areresearched and analyzed.
引文
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