台风三维建模与视景仿真研究
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摘要
随着社会和经济的不断发展,台风对我国东南沿海地区建筑物和人员的威胁越来越大,造成的影响和损失有逐年上升的趋势。因此,有必要对上述地区的人员进行防灾救灾宣传和教育,尽可能地减少当台风来临时,当地的人员伤亡和财产损失。
目前,计算机性能得到飞速提升,虚拟现实和可视化技术在各行各业得到了愈加广泛的应用。在防灾减灾应用方面,鉴于台风海啸等灾难的巨大危害和偶然性,虚拟现实和可视化技术为防灾宣传、应急决策、灾后评估等提供了良好的手段和途径。
本文从台风风场模型出发,结合实时卫星云图资料,对台风的廓线、强度、中心移动路径和移动速度进行模拟,再现了台风的运动及其变化。其中重点研究台风场的三维建模和场景可视化。
首先,在系统分析现有成熟台风风场模型后,本文选用二维VBogus风场模型,并将此模型在垂直方向上予以扩展,得到三维风场模型,实现对台风的结构和速度的模拟;其次,由于台风运动过程中影响因素多且变化不确定,考虑台风周围晴空区台风的移动方向的制约作用,运用晴空区中轴线来预报台风的移动路径,并进行实验检验;最后本文利用VC++和OpenGL图形库开发环境初步研究开发了一套基于粒子系统的台风三维可视化漫游系统。此系统具有台风风场和移动路径计算、数据及卫星云图导入导出、真实感地形和台风三维场景的实时绘制等功能,为灾难现象的模拟提供了一种新的手段。
With the development of social economy, typhoon does great harm to buildings and people in the Seaside Areas in Southeast China, and the trend of damage and influence caused by typhoon is increasing. So it is necessary to impose people's cognition on typhoon, so as to reduce the casualties and property loss to minimal when typhoon comes.
The performance of computer has been raised quickly in past several years. Virtual Reality and 3D Visualization Technique is widely used in our life as well. In such a simulated environment, people would have an immersed sense. In view of great danger and contingency of typhoon, Virtual Reality and Visualization Technology provide an effective way to do propaganda of disaster prevention, emergency decision-making and evaluation after disaster .
This paper based on typhoon wind-field model, combined with real-time satellite image, to simulate the profile, intensity, track and moving velocity of typhoon. Then reappear the moving of typhoon and its change. Among them, 3D modeling of wind field and scenes visualization is the major work of the paper.
After systematic analysis the present wind field model of typhoon, the paper chooses 2D VBogus wind field model and extern it on vertical direction to get a 3D wind field model. It implements the simulation of structure and velocity of typhoon. Because of much influence and uncertain factor during typhoon moving, and considering the restriction on moving direction of typhoon by clear sky regions around it, the paper use the axes of clear sky regions to forecast the track of typhoon, and doing experimental test.
Finally based on particle system, this paper developed 3D Visualization System of Typhoon using the VC++ development environment and OpenGL. Functions of this system are as follows: calculation of wind field and track of typhoon, export and import of data and satellite image, realistic rendering of terrain and typhoon and so on, which offers a new method for the research of realistic simulation of disaster scene.
目前,计算机性能得到飞速提升,虚拟现实和可视化技术在各行各业得到了愈加广泛的应用。在防灾减灾应用方面,鉴于台风海啸等灾难的巨大危害和偶然性,虚拟现实和可视化技术为防灾宣传、应急决策、灾后评估等提供了良好的手段和途径。
本文从台风风场模型出发,结合实时卫星云图资料,对台风的廓线、强度、中心移动路径和移动速度进行模拟,再现了台风的运动及其变化。其中重点研究台风场的三维建模和场景可视化。
首先,在系统分析现有成熟台风风场模型后,本文选用二维VBogus风场模型,并将此模型在垂直方向上予以扩展,得到三维风场模型,实现对台风的结构和速度的模拟;其次,由于台风运动过程中影响因素多且变化不确定,考虑台风周围晴空区台风的移动方向的制约作用,运用晴空区中轴线来预报台风的移动路径,并进行实验检验;最后本文利用VC++和OpenGL图形库开发环境初步研究开发了一套基于粒子系统的台风三维可视化漫游系统。此系统具有台风风场和移动路径计算、数据及卫星云图导入导出、真实感地形和台风三维场景的实时绘制等功能,为灾难现象的模拟提供了一种新的手段。
With the development of social economy, typhoon does great harm to buildings and people in the Seaside Areas in Southeast China, and the trend of damage and influence caused by typhoon is increasing. So it is necessary to impose people's cognition on typhoon, so as to reduce the casualties and property loss to minimal when typhoon comes.
The performance of computer has been raised quickly in past several years. Virtual Reality and 3D Visualization Technique is widely used in our life as well. In such a simulated environment, people would have an immersed sense. In view of great danger and contingency of typhoon, Virtual Reality and Visualization Technology provide an effective way to do propaganda of disaster prevention, emergency decision-making and evaluation after disaster .
This paper based on typhoon wind-field model, combined with real-time satellite image, to simulate the profile, intensity, track and moving velocity of typhoon. Then reappear the moving of typhoon and its change. Among them, 3D modeling of wind field and scenes visualization is the major work of the paper.
After systematic analysis the present wind field model of typhoon, the paper chooses 2D VBogus wind field model and extern it on vertical direction to get a 3D wind field model. It implements the simulation of structure and velocity of typhoon. Because of much influence and uncertain factor during typhoon moving, and considering the restriction on moving direction of typhoon by clear sky regions around it, the paper use the axes of clear sky regions to forecast the track of typhoon, and doing experimental test.
Finally based on particle system, this paper developed 3D Visualization System of Typhoon using the VC++ development environment and OpenGL. Functions of this system are as follows: calculation of wind field and track of typhoon, export and import of data and satellite image, realistic rendering of terrain and typhoon and so on, which offers a new method for the research of realistic simulation of disaster scene.
引文
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