液压挖掘机分层综合优化方法研究
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摘要
液压挖掘机的工作环境恶劣,工作装置的结构性能对挖掘机的整机性能、工作可靠性和安全性有重要的影响。在液压挖掘机的全性能优化设计中必须考虑工作装置的结构性能,同时由于挖掘机结构参数众多、挖掘性能和约束函数复杂,使得专门的结构分析和优化软件针对挖掘机的全性能优化很困难。如何快速而准确地得出挖掘机全性能优化方案是提高我国新型挖掘机研制效率的重要保障。为此,结合江苏省科技成果转化专项资金项目,编号为BA2008031和实际要求,本文以某新型80吨液压反铲挖掘机为例,在ANSYS中建立了工作装置的参数化模型,分析了挖掘过程最危险工况,建立了挖掘机作业循环时间、部件最大应力的代理模型,提出了挖掘机分层综合优化策略,并结合专业的挖掘机优化设计软件得出了高效准确的优化方案。
全文共分五章,第一章阐明了课题研究背景及其意义,系统地总结了国内外在挖掘机计算机辅助设计及分析和基于代理模型的优化的研究工作,确定了本文的主要研究内容；第二章提出了挖掘机优化策略,并对挖掘机参数进行设定,建立了挖掘机的参数化模型,得出挖掘典型工况的应力分布；第三章利用全局灵敏度分析得出了挖掘机全性能的重要参数,依据这些参数建立了作业循环时间、动臂最大应力、斗杆最大应力、铲斗最大应力的代理模型；第四章结合专业的挖掘机优化软件得到了第一层优化方案,利用ANSYS实现了第二层优化,最终得出了挖掘机全性能优化方案；第五章作为本文的结尾,对整篇文章进行了总结,并提出下一步研究工作的展望。
The working environment of hydraulic excavator is very bad, so structural performance of the working device has important implications on the reliability and security of the excavator. Full performance optimization of hydraulic excavator design must take into account the structural performance of the working device, but it is not easy to use the professional excavator design software to do the optimization. because there are a lot of the structural parameters of the excavator and functions are complicated. How quickly and accurately to obtain excavator performance optimization program is very important to improve the efficiency of China's new excavator development.To this end, combined with scientific and technological achievements of Jiangsu Province special fund project, and the actual number BA2008031 requirements, this paper, a new 80 tons of hydraulic excavator, for example, will establish parametric working device model in ANSYS, analyze the most dangerous working conditions of the mining process, found the agent models of excavator operation cycle time, the maximum stress, propose the layered synthetic optimization of hydraulic excavator, get the efficient and accurate optimization combined with professional design software.
The Dissertation is divided into five chapters, the first chapter sets out the background and significance of the research, has systematically summed up optimization of agent-based model and computer-aided design and analysis in the excavator at home and abroad, then determines the main contents of this article. Chapter two proposes the optimization strategies of the excavators, and sets the parameters, establishes the parametric working device model, obtains the stress distribution of the typical mining operating conditions Chapter three obtains the important parameters using the global sensitivity analysis, establishes the agent models of the operation cycle time, the maximum stress of the boom, stick and bucket based on those parameters; Chapter four combines with professional excavators optimization software to get the first layer of optimization, uses ANSYS to get the second layer optimization, and ultimately comes to the excavator performance optimization program.Chapter five as the end of this article, is a summary of the entire article, and raises the outlook of future research work.
全文共分五章,第一章阐明了课题研究背景及其意义,系统地总结了国内外在挖掘机计算机辅助设计及分析和基于代理模型的优化的研究工作,确定了本文的主要研究内容；第二章提出了挖掘机优化策略,并对挖掘机参数进行设定,建立了挖掘机的参数化模型,得出挖掘典型工况的应力分布；第三章利用全局灵敏度分析得出了挖掘机全性能的重要参数,依据这些参数建立了作业循环时间、动臂最大应力、斗杆最大应力、铲斗最大应力的代理模型；第四章结合专业的挖掘机优化软件得到了第一层优化方案,利用ANSYS实现了第二层优化,最终得出了挖掘机全性能优化方案；第五章作为本文的结尾,对整篇文章进行了总结,并提出下一步研究工作的展望。
The working environment of hydraulic excavator is very bad, so structural performance of the working device has important implications on the reliability and security of the excavator. Full performance optimization of hydraulic excavator design must take into account the structural performance of the working device, but it is not easy to use the professional excavator design software to do the optimization. because there are a lot of the structural parameters of the excavator and functions are complicated. How quickly and accurately to obtain excavator performance optimization program is very important to improve the efficiency of China's new excavator development.To this end, combined with scientific and technological achievements of Jiangsu Province special fund project, and the actual number BA2008031 requirements, this paper, a new 80 tons of hydraulic excavator, for example, will establish parametric working device model in ANSYS, analyze the most dangerous working conditions of the mining process, found the agent models of excavator operation cycle time, the maximum stress, propose the layered synthetic optimization of hydraulic excavator, get the efficient and accurate optimization combined with professional design software.
The Dissertation is divided into five chapters, the first chapter sets out the background and significance of the research, has systematically summed up optimization of agent-based model and computer-aided design and analysis in the excavator at home and abroad, then determines the main contents of this article. Chapter two proposes the optimization strategies of the excavators, and sets the parameters, establishes the parametric working device model, obtains the stress distribution of the typical mining operating conditions Chapter three obtains the important parameters using the global sensitivity analysis, establishes the agent models of the operation cycle time, the maximum stress of the boom, stick and bucket based on those parameters; Chapter four combines with professional excavators optimization software to get the first layer of optimization, uses ANSYS to get the second layer optimization, and ultimately comes to the excavator performance optimization program.Chapter five as the end of this article, is a summary of the entire article, and raises the outlook of future research work.
引文
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[13]邓子龙,高财禄,付越.挖掘机铲斗强度分析,辽宁：辽宁石油化工大学学报,2007,27(4)：45-50
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[15]王艳宜.27m3矿用挖掘机斗杆结构有限元分析,农机使用与维修2010,(4)：20-23
[16]王家海,李向宝.基于接触应力的挖掘机工作装置有限元分析,机电一体化,2009,7：84-86
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[19]郑德超,魏心宽.矿用10m3挖掘机斗杆的有限元分析,工程机械2008,(8)：20-23
[20]陈健,周鑫等.液压挖掘机动臂结构的优化设计,工程机械,2008,39：19-21
[21]石华强.面向装配环境的液压挖掘机工作装置参数化设计,杭州,浙江大学,2002：57-65
[22]郑晖.装载机工作装置参数化3D建模及有限元分析,太原,太原科技大学,2009：49-55
[23]穆雪峰,姚卫星,余雄庆,刘克龙,薛飞.多学科设计优化中常用代理模型的研究.计算力学学报,2005,22(5)：608-612
[24]王小妮.基于代理模型的结构外形优化.飞机设计,2008,28(3)：13-15
[25]Simpson,T.,Peplinski,J.Koch,P,,and Allen,J..Metamodels for Computer-Based Engineering Design:Survey and Recommendations,2001:129-150
[26]Wang,G., and shan,S..Review of Metamdeling Techniques in Support of Engineering Design Optimization,2007:370-380
[27]庄菲菲.基于形状敏度分析的角磨多学科性能优化[硕士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学,2011
[28]Qian Z,Seepersad C C,Joseph V R,et al.Building surrogate models based on detailed and approximate simulations[J].ASME Jourmal of Mechanical Design.2006,128; 668-677
[29]GIUNTA A A. Aircraft multidisciplinary design optimization using design of experiments theory and response surface modeling methods. Blacksburg:Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,1997
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