南宁青秀山风景名胜区生态完整性研究
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摘要
风景名胜区的生态完整性研究,不仅可以了解区域景观要素的空间分布特征和组织关系的合理性,还能反映与其相应的空间结构和生态功能的状态,为人类了解环境、利用环境、维持生态平衡提供一种有效的分析方法。
基于结构-功能理论的视角,建立生态完整性研究的指标体系,从景观结构、生态结构和服务功能三个方面对指标进行量化,进而利用层次分析法进行综合计算,得出南宁青秀山风景名胜区生态完整性状态。在研究过程中,对生态完整性概念进行了明确定义,并且取得了一定的研究成果。主要内容和研究结果如下：
(1)南宁青秀山风景名胜区景观格局的结构完整性分值为4.5298,属于好的状态水平。各指标因子分值依次为：Shannon多样性(1.4635)、景观聚集度(1.2460)、景观分维数(1.0085)、面积-周长分维数(0.4984)、散布与并列指数(0.1646)、景观蔓延度(0.1488)
(2)青秀山生态结构完整性值为3.3045,属于较好水平。各二级指标分值依次为：生物量(0.8286)、植被覆盖率(0.7384)、物种多样性(0.7194)、自然环境承载力(0.4796)、土壤有机质含量(0.4236)、人类干扰程度(0.1149)。
(3)青秀山风景名胜区生态服务功能完整性值为4.0799,属于好的状态水平。6个指标因子的分值按大小顺序依次为：固碳能力(1.1128)、游憩功能(0.8982)、空气净化(0.7655)、涵养水源(0.7295)、养分归还能力(0.4015)、水土保持能力(0.1724)。
(4)青秀山生态完整性最终得分值为3.6679,属于较好状态水平。三个分项指标因子的分值大小依次为：生态结构完整性(1.9219)、景观结构完整性(1.3992)、服务功能完整性(0.4468)
分析证明,青秀山景观格局结构合理,对物种迁徙和能量交换有促进作用,有相当的稳定性；生态结构完整性状态能维持自身结构的稳定性,具备一定的抗干扰能力；生态服务功能状态好,利于风景名胜区旅游事业的发展。
The research on biological integrity not only can find out landscape factors'space distribution features and the rational of its organize and relations, but also can reflect space structure and status of boilogical functions. Besides, it offered a effective approach for analysis which can help human understand and utilize biological environment. Furthermore, it can also protect the balance of biological environment.
In this dissertation, the ecological integrity of the index system has been established from the perspective based on structure and functional theory. Then, three indicators of landscape structure, ecological structure and service function have been quantified. After that, the analytic hierarchy process methodhave been used to calculate the state of ecological integrity in Nanning Qingxiushan scenic area. During the process of the study, a clear definition have been given to the concept of ecological integrity, and has made some achievements. The main conte-nts and findings are as follows:
(1)The score of structural integrity of landscape pattern in Nanning Qingxiushan scenic area is4.5298, which is belonging to a good state. The factor scores of each indicator as follows:Shannon diversity (1.4635), landscape aggregation (1.2460), landscape fractal dimension (1.0085), area-perimeter fractal dimension (0.4984),distribution and parallel index (0.1646), landscape contagion (0.1488).
(2) Qingxiushan ecological structural integrity of the valueof3.3045belonging to a good level. The secondary index score as follows:biomass (0.8286), species diversity (0.7384), vegetation coverage (0.7194), capacity of the natural environment(0.4796), soil organic matter content (0.4236), human disturbance level(0.1149).
(3) The integrity of the ecosystem services of Qingxiushan scenic area obtained a score of4.0799, belonging to a good state. Six indicators of factor scores in the order of their size as follows:carbon sequestration capacity (1.1128), recreation function (0.8982), air purification (0.7655), water conservation (0.7295), nutrient return capability (0.4015), soil and water conservation capacity (0.1724).
(4) The final score of Qingxiushan ecological integrity is3.6679, belonging to a good state. The factor scores of the three sub-indicators: ecological structural integrity(1.9219), the integrity of the landscape structure (1.3992), the integrity of the service function (0.4468).
The analysis shows that the landscape pattern in Qingxiushan showing a reasonable structure,it promoting the stability of species migration and energy exchange. The status of Ecological structural integrity can maintain the stability of their structure, possess a certain anti-jamming capability. Ecosystem services at a good level,conducive to the development of tourism in scenic area.
基于结构-功能理论的视角,建立生态完整性研究的指标体系,从景观结构、生态结构和服务功能三个方面对指标进行量化,进而利用层次分析法进行综合计算,得出南宁青秀山风景名胜区生态完整性状态。在研究过程中,对生态完整性概念进行了明确定义,并且取得了一定的研究成果。主要内容和研究结果如下：
(1)南宁青秀山风景名胜区景观格局的结构完整性分值为4.5298,属于好的状态水平。各指标因子分值依次为：Shannon多样性(1.4635)、景观聚集度(1.2460)、景观分维数(1.0085)、面积-周长分维数(0.4984)、散布与并列指数(0.1646)、景观蔓延度(0.1488)
(2)青秀山生态结构完整性值为3.3045,属于较好水平。各二级指标分值依次为：生物量(0.8286)、植被覆盖率(0.7384)、物种多样性(0.7194)、自然环境承载力(0.4796)、土壤有机质含量(0.4236)、人类干扰程度(0.1149)。
(3)青秀山风景名胜区生态服务功能完整性值为4.0799,属于好的状态水平。6个指标因子的分值按大小顺序依次为：固碳能力(1.1128)、游憩功能(0.8982)、空气净化(0.7655)、涵养水源(0.7295)、养分归还能力(0.4015)、水土保持能力(0.1724)。
(4)青秀山生态完整性最终得分值为3.6679,属于较好状态水平。三个分项指标因子的分值大小依次为：生态结构完整性(1.9219)、景观结构完整性(1.3992)、服务功能完整性(0.4468)
分析证明,青秀山景观格局结构合理,对物种迁徙和能量交换有促进作用,有相当的稳定性；生态结构完整性状态能维持自身结构的稳定性,具备一定的抗干扰能力；生态服务功能状态好,利于风景名胜区旅游事业的发展。
The research on biological integrity not only can find out landscape factors'space distribution features and the rational of its organize and relations, but also can reflect space structure and status of boilogical functions. Besides, it offered a effective approach for analysis which can help human understand and utilize biological environment. Furthermore, it can also protect the balance of biological environment.
In this dissertation, the ecological integrity of the index system has been established from the perspective based on structure and functional theory. Then, three indicators of landscape structure, ecological structure and service function have been quantified. After that, the analytic hierarchy process methodhave been used to calculate the state of ecological integrity in Nanning Qingxiushan scenic area. During the process of the study, a clear definition have been given to the concept of ecological integrity, and has made some achievements. The main conte-nts and findings are as follows:
(1)The score of structural integrity of landscape pattern in Nanning Qingxiushan scenic area is4.5298, which is belonging to a good state. The factor scores of each indicator as follows:Shannon diversity (1.4635), landscape aggregation (1.2460), landscape fractal dimension (1.0085), area-perimeter fractal dimension (0.4984),distribution and parallel index (0.1646), landscape contagion (0.1488).
(2) Qingxiushan ecological structural integrity of the valueof3.3045belonging to a good level. The secondary index score as follows:biomass (0.8286), species diversity (0.7384), vegetation coverage (0.7194), capacity of the natural environment(0.4796), soil organic matter content (0.4236), human disturbance level(0.1149).
(3) The integrity of the ecosystem services of Qingxiushan scenic area obtained a score of4.0799, belonging to a good state. Six indicators of factor scores in the order of their size as follows:carbon sequestration capacity (1.1128), recreation function (0.8982), air purification (0.7655), water conservation (0.7295), nutrient return capability (0.4015), soil and water conservation capacity (0.1724).
(4) The final score of Qingxiushan ecological integrity is3.6679, belonging to a good state. The factor scores of the three sub-indicators: ecological structural integrity(1.9219), the integrity of the landscape structure (1.3992), the integrity of the service function (0.4468).
The analysis shows that the landscape pattern in Qingxiushan showing a reasonable structure,it promoting the stability of species migration and energy exchange. The status of Ecological structural integrity can maintain the stability of their structure, possess a certain anti-jamming capability. Ecosystem services at a good level,conducive to the development of tourism in scenic area.
引文
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