中央空调系统中空气净化技术研究
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摘要
目前人民的生活学习娱乐等80%的时间都是在室内度过,随着科学技术的进步和社会的发展,空调系统应运而生并且运用范围日益广泛,由于使用空调系统,往往导致室内空气流通不畅,结合室内建筑装饰材料、家具等上的空气污染物,更加剧了室内空气品质的恶化。现有众多的国外相关调查研究发现,目前的建筑室内空气质量普遍存在问题,室内空气品质的优劣直接关系到人类的健康生活和社会发展。室内空气污染物大致有悬浮颗粒物和气态污染物、微生物、放射性物质几种,室内各种空气污染物会对人体造成程度不一的损害,比如有的粗颗粒无沉积在人体支气管和细颗粒物沉积到肺叶,往往会导致人类并发呼吸道炎症、肺癌等疾病,气态污染物中的一些会发现有机化合物会导致人体癌变、致畸等问题,微生物或者病毒等容易引发人类过敏,一些室内放射元素会导致肺癌等疾病,因此进行关于中央空调系统空气净化技术的研究就显得尤为重要,直接关系到人们工作生活、健康,也关系到社会的稳定发展。
目前已经进行的关于空调系统空气净化技术研究大多是针对独立房间的小型家用空调系统,而对于大型的中央空调系统净化空气技术的相关研究还比较缺乏。所以本文主要研究中央空调系统的空气净化技术,希望能为我国研发更先进的重要空调空气净化系统作出微薄贡献。
本文首先分析了室内空气污染的危害和来源,以及对室内空气污染的评价,分析了室内空气品质对人体健康和舒适性的影响,其后分析中央空调系统对室内空气环境的污染和危害,找到当前室内空气污染的根源,然后针对当前我国室内环境的空气污染的主要问题和中央空调系统中甲醛、细菌、病毒等对对空气质量产生污染的特点,分析采用中央空调系统控制和减少室内空气污染的相关技术,研究中央空调空气净化装置,并且对其进行测试,测试结果表明,研制的中央空调空气净化装置能够有效降低减少净化室内空气中的甲醛、细菌、病毒等空气污染物。本文的研究结合了当前国内外中央空调系统空气净化技术方面的研究成果,通过中央空调系统空气净化装置来改善净化室内空气,以此保障人民的生活工作健康,提高人们的生活质量。
Entertainment is currently studying the lives of people,80%of the time spent indoors, with the scientific and technological progress and social development, air-conditioning system came into being and the increasingly wide scope of application, the use of air conditioning systems, often leads to indoor air circulation poor, with interior decoration materials, furniture and other air pollutants on, exacerbated by the deterioration of indoor air quality. Existing number of foreign-related investigation found that the current widespread problem of indoor air quality, indoor air quality is directly related to the merits of the health of human life and social development. Generally, there are suspended particles of indoor air pollutants and gaseous pollutants, microorganisms, several radioactive substances, indoor air pollutants harmful to human causes all kinds of varying degrees of damage, such as some non-deposition of coarse particles and fine particles in human bronchial deposition to the lung, often lead to complicated human respiratory tract inflammation, lung cancer and other diseases, some gaseous pollutants will find that organic compounds can cause human cancer, teratogenic and other issues, micro-organisms or viruses easily cause human allergies, cause some indoor radioactive element slung cancer and other diseases, so be on the central air conditioning system air purification technology research is particularly important, is directly related to people's working life, health, social stability is also related to the development.
Now carried out on air-conditioning system air purification technology research are mostly independent room for a small home air conditioning system, central air conditioning system for large-scale air purification technology, research is still relatively scarce. Therefore, this paper studies the central air conditioning system air purification technology, hoping to develop more advanced for our major air purification system air conditioning to make a modest contribution.
This paper analyzes the dangers of indoor air pollution and sources, as well as the evaluation of indoor air pollution, indoor air quality analysis of the internal human health and comfort effects, followed by analysis of the central control system on indoor air pollution and environmental hazards, to find the root of the current indoor air pollution, and for the current indoor air pollution in China's major problems and central air conditioning system in formaldehyde, bacteria, viruses, etc. Right, the characteristics of air quality, pollution, analysis of the use of central air conditioning system to control and reduce indoor air pollution-related technologies, air purification device of central air conditioning, and test it, test results show that the development of central air conditioning air cleaning devices to reduce to reduce formaldehyde in indoor air purification, bacteria, viruses and other air pollutants.. This study combines the current domestic and foreign central air conditioning system air purification technology, research results, through the central air conditioning system air purification devices to improve indoor air purification, in order to protect the health of people living and working to improve people's quality of life.
目前已经进行的关于空调系统空气净化技术研究大多是针对独立房间的小型家用空调系统,而对于大型的中央空调系统净化空气技术的相关研究还比较缺乏。所以本文主要研究中央空调系统的空气净化技术,希望能为我国研发更先进的重要空调空气净化系统作出微薄贡献。
本文首先分析了室内空气污染的危害和来源,以及对室内空气污染的评价,分析了室内空气品质对人体健康和舒适性的影响,其后分析中央空调系统对室内空气环境的污染和危害,找到当前室内空气污染的根源,然后针对当前我国室内环境的空气污染的主要问题和中央空调系统中甲醛、细菌、病毒等对对空气质量产生污染的特点,分析采用中央空调系统控制和减少室内空气污染的相关技术,研究中央空调空气净化装置,并且对其进行测试,测试结果表明,研制的中央空调空气净化装置能够有效降低减少净化室内空气中的甲醛、细菌、病毒等空气污染物。本文的研究结合了当前国内外中央空调系统空气净化技术方面的研究成果,通过中央空调系统空气净化装置来改善净化室内空气,以此保障人民的生活工作健康,提高人们的生活质量。
Entertainment is currently studying the lives of people,80%of the time spent indoors, with the scientific and technological progress and social development, air-conditioning system came into being and the increasingly wide scope of application, the use of air conditioning systems, often leads to indoor air circulation poor, with interior decoration materials, furniture and other air pollutants on, exacerbated by the deterioration of indoor air quality. Existing number of foreign-related investigation found that the current widespread problem of indoor air quality, indoor air quality is directly related to the merits of the health of human life and social development. Generally, there are suspended particles of indoor air pollutants and gaseous pollutants, microorganisms, several radioactive substances, indoor air pollutants harmful to human causes all kinds of varying degrees of damage, such as some non-deposition of coarse particles and fine particles in human bronchial deposition to the lung, often lead to complicated human respiratory tract inflammation, lung cancer and other diseases, some gaseous pollutants will find that organic compounds can cause human cancer, teratogenic and other issues, micro-organisms or viruses easily cause human allergies, cause some indoor radioactive element slung cancer and other diseases, so be on the central air conditioning system air purification technology research is particularly important, is directly related to people's working life, health, social stability is also related to the development.
Now carried out on air-conditioning system air purification technology research are mostly independent room for a small home air conditioning system, central air conditioning system for large-scale air purification technology, research is still relatively scarce. Therefore, this paper studies the central air conditioning system air purification technology, hoping to develop more advanced for our major air purification system air conditioning to make a modest contribution.
This paper analyzes the dangers of indoor air pollution and sources, as well as the evaluation of indoor air pollution, indoor air quality analysis of the internal human health and comfort effects, followed by analysis of the central control system on indoor air pollution and environmental hazards, to find the root of the current indoor air pollution, and for the current indoor air pollution in China's major problems and central air conditioning system in formaldehyde, bacteria, viruses, etc. Right, the characteristics of air quality, pollution, analysis of the use of central air conditioning system to control and reduce indoor air pollution-related technologies, air purification device of central air conditioning, and test it, test results show that the development of central air conditioning air cleaning devices to reduce to reduce formaldehyde in indoor air purification, bacteria, viruses and other air pollutants.. This study combines the current domestic and foreign central air conditioning system air purification technology, research results, through the central air conditioning system air purification devices to improve indoor air purification, in order to protect the health of people living and working to improve people's quality of life.
引文
[1]罗军.室内装饰环境装饰装修材料污染控制监测评价方法及技术[S].武汉：湖北省环境监测中心,2002(113)
[2]曾红.光触媒Ti02催化机理及空气净化方法探悉[J].重庆工学院学报,2006(8)：66-68.
[3]王锡琴、徐吉波、陶峰.TiO2/ACF光催化净化技术的研究[J].成都航空职业技术学院学报,2006(3)：36-38.
[4]古政荣、陈爱平、戴智铭.活性炭2纳米二氧化钛复合光催化空气净化网的研制.华东理工大学学报,2000(26)
[5]缪毅敏.室内污染物的种类及污染源分析[J].山西建筑,2008,11(2)
[6]王喜元.民用建筑工程室内环境污染控制规范辅导教材[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2002(2445)
[7]王雨群.用于净化空气中甲醛等有机污染物的夹芯毡及及制品[P].中国专利,01263139.6,2003(1)：15.
[8]周飞、杨学昌、高得力.等离子体TiO2催化空气净化试验研究[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),200747(4)：462-465.
[9]王雨群.纳米生态酶空气净化材料及其在空气净化器的应用[D].“室内环境与健康止”第二届上海专家论坛文集,83-89.
[10]张宗权、袁胜利、杨宗立.Ti02纳米光催化杀菌技术及其在空调系统中的应用[J].陕西科技大学学报,2003,10(4).
[11]Kamble S P、Deosarkar S P、Sawant S B,et al. Photo2 catalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using concentrated solar radiation:batch and continuous operation [J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,2004 (43):8178-8781.
[12]Tsukasa T.n Norihiko T.、Yoneyama H. Effect of activated carbon contention TiO2 loaded activated carbon on photo2 degradation behaviors of dichloroimethane, Photobio.Photo2 chem.A Chem.,1997(3):153-157.
[13]侯富忠.室内环境污染防治的探讨[J].中国新技术新产品,2010 11(4)
[14]陈爱平、古宏晨、戴智铭.多层结构的光催化空气净化网及其制备方法.China Pat. Appl., CN99116885,1999.
[15]胡将军、蔡进、邓永强.光催化氧化处理气相污染物的研究进展[J].环境与健康杂志,2006(1)：88-90.
[16]刘一君.公共场所集中式空调系统污染及健康危害[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2004(5)：74.
[17]王雨群.ACF酶催化空气净化材料的合成及甲醛降解机理[J].南京理工大学学报(自然科学版),2006(1)：102-105.
[18]吴延鹏、马重芳.光催化技术住建筑环境与设备巾的应用及研究现状[J].暖通空调,2006(3)：29-36.
[19]刘广成.静电净化治理室内空气污染.住宅科技,2004(22)：61.
[20]Shinri S、Kazuhiro U、Yasuhiro K. In situ IR ob2 servation of surface species during the photocatalytic decomposition of acetic acid over TiO2 films [J].Journal of Physical ChemistryB,2002 (106):9054-9058.
[21]Arden PC、Randy WH、Martin GV. Particulate air pol2 lution and daily mortality on Utah's wasatch front [J]. Environ Health Perspect,1999 (107):5672573.
[22]林劲东、梁丽云.Fe2TiO2光催化涂层材料的制备及在可见光下清除甲醛的性能表征.精细化工,2004(21)：115-118.
[23]张前程、张凤宝、张国亮.室内空气中有机污染物的光催化净化[J].环境科学与技术,2003(3)：56-59.
[24]赵华、车晓葵.中央空调净化系统的改进措施[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006(10)：141-144.
[25]介江斌.空调系统确保室内环境健康的关键[J].环境与健康杂志,2005(2)：153-154.
[26]余琳.中央空调系统污染能耗影响评价及清洗工艺研究[D].北京：北京工业大学,2008.
[27]蒋晓崎、王奎龙.负离子对净化空气及人体健康的作用.科技与人,2004(2)：99-100.
[28]周杨胜.病态建筑综合症的原因与解决方法[J].环境保护,1998(5)：36-37.
[29]Hornberg C、Maciuleviciute L、Seemayer NH. et al, In2 duction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in human tracheal epitheliarl cells by the fractions PM10 and PM2.5 of airborne particulates [J]. Toxicollett,1998:96-97.
[30]J Spengler J、Samet J、McCarthy J.Indoor Air Quality Handbook[M].USA: Me Graw-Hill Prdessional p-bthhins,2001 (1):1-22.
[31]朱坦、白志鹏.国内外室内空气质量评价与标准进展[A].室内空气质量国际研讨会论文集[C],北京：2001(8)：13—20.
[32]Rufus D. Edwards.Voc source identification from personal and residential indoor, outdoor and workplace mi2 croenvironment samples in expolis-Helsinki, Finland Atmo2 spheric Environment,2001:4829-4841.
[33]黄绳纪、陈城基.光触媒在空气净化中的应用.广州化工,2004(4)：17-19.
[34]吴文继.室内空气污染净化研究进展[J].四川环境,2005(1)：109-114.
[35]松下秀鹤.日本控制室内环境中烟尘的方法及其技术措施[A].
[36]Ole en B. International development of standardsfor ventilation ofbuilding[J].ASHRAE, 1997(4):31-39.
[37]王晓明、史文祥.等离子体室内空气净化技术研究进展.高电压技术,2004(1)：48-51.
[38]李军.我国中央空调通风系统清洗行业的现状和问题[J].清洗世界,20051(7)：27-32.
[39]邹声华、丁力行.空调系统新风和回风对室内空气品质的影响[J].建筑热能通风空调,2002,4-6
[2]曾红.光触媒Ti02催化机理及空气净化方法探悉[J].重庆工学院学报,2006(8)：66-68.
[3]王锡琴、徐吉波、陶峰.TiO2/ACF光催化净化技术的研究[J].成都航空职业技术学院学报,2006(3)：36-38.
[4]古政荣、陈爱平、戴智铭.活性炭2纳米二氧化钛复合光催化空气净化网的研制.华东理工大学学报,2000(26)
[5]缪毅敏.室内污染物的种类及污染源分析[J].山西建筑,2008,11(2)
[6]王喜元.民用建筑工程室内环境污染控制规范辅导教材[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2002(2445)
[7]王雨群.用于净化空气中甲醛等有机污染物的夹芯毡及及制品[P].中国专利,01263139.6,2003(1)：15.
[8]周飞、杨学昌、高得力.等离子体TiO2催化空气净化试验研究[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),200747(4)：462-465.
[9]王雨群.纳米生态酶空气净化材料及其在空气净化器的应用[D].“室内环境与健康止”第二届上海专家论坛文集,83-89.
[10]张宗权、袁胜利、杨宗立.Ti02纳米光催化杀菌技术及其在空调系统中的应用[J].陕西科技大学学报,2003,10(4).
[11]Kamble S P、Deosarkar S P、Sawant S B,et al. Photo2 catalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using concentrated solar radiation:batch and continuous operation [J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,2004 (43):8178-8781.
[12]Tsukasa T.n Norihiko T.、Yoneyama H. Effect of activated carbon contention TiO2 loaded activated carbon on photo2 degradation behaviors of dichloroimethane, Photobio.Photo2 chem.A Chem.,1997(3):153-157.
[13]侯富忠.室内环境污染防治的探讨[J].中国新技术新产品,2010 11(4)
[14]陈爱平、古宏晨、戴智铭.多层结构的光催化空气净化网及其制备方法.China Pat. Appl., CN99116885,1999.
[15]胡将军、蔡进、邓永强.光催化氧化处理气相污染物的研究进展[J].环境与健康杂志,2006(1)：88-90.
[16]刘一君.公共场所集中式空调系统污染及健康危害[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2004(5)：74.
[17]王雨群.ACF酶催化空气净化材料的合成及甲醛降解机理[J].南京理工大学学报(自然科学版),2006(1)：102-105.
[18]吴延鹏、马重芳.光催化技术住建筑环境与设备巾的应用及研究现状[J].暖通空调,2006(3)：29-36.
[19]刘广成.静电净化治理室内空气污染.住宅科技,2004(22)：61.
[20]Shinri S、Kazuhiro U、Yasuhiro K. In situ IR ob2 servation of surface species during the photocatalytic decomposition of acetic acid over TiO2 films [J].Journal of Physical ChemistryB,2002 (106):9054-9058.
[21]Arden PC、Randy WH、Martin GV. Particulate air pol2 lution and daily mortality on Utah's wasatch front [J]. Environ Health Perspect,1999 (107):5672573.
[22]林劲东、梁丽云.Fe2TiO2光催化涂层材料的制备及在可见光下清除甲醛的性能表征.精细化工,2004(21)：115-118.
[23]张前程、张凤宝、张国亮.室内空气中有机污染物的光催化净化[J].环境科学与技术,2003(3)：56-59.
[24]赵华、车晓葵.中央空调净化系统的改进措施[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006(10)：141-144.
[25]介江斌.空调系统确保室内环境健康的关键[J].环境与健康杂志,2005(2)：153-154.
[26]余琳.中央空调系统污染能耗影响评价及清洗工艺研究[D].北京：北京工业大学,2008.
[27]蒋晓崎、王奎龙.负离子对净化空气及人体健康的作用.科技与人,2004(2)：99-100.
[28]周杨胜.病态建筑综合症的原因与解决方法[J].环境保护,1998(5)：36-37.
[29]Hornberg C、Maciuleviciute L、Seemayer NH. et al, In2 duction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in human tracheal epitheliarl cells by the fractions PM10 and PM2.5 of airborne particulates [J]. Toxicollett,1998:96-97.
[30]J Spengler J、Samet J、McCarthy J.Indoor Air Quality Handbook[M].USA: Me Graw-Hill Prdessional p-bthhins,2001 (1):1-22.
[31]朱坦、白志鹏.国内外室内空气质量评价与标准进展[A].室内空气质量国际研讨会论文集[C],北京：2001(8)：13—20.
[32]Rufus D. Edwards.Voc source identification from personal and residential indoor, outdoor and workplace mi2 croenvironment samples in expolis-Helsinki, Finland Atmo2 spheric Environment,2001:4829-4841.
[33]黄绳纪、陈城基.光触媒在空气净化中的应用.广州化工,2004(4)：17-19.
[34]吴文继.室内空气污染净化研究进展[J].四川环境,2005(1)：109-114.
[35]松下秀鹤.日本控制室内环境中烟尘的方法及其技术措施[A].
[36]Ole en B. International development of standardsfor ventilation ofbuilding[J].ASHRAE, 1997(4):31-39.
[37]王晓明、史文祥.等离子体室内空气净化技术研究进展.高电压技术,2004(1)：48-51.
[38]李军.我国中央空调通风系统清洗行业的现状和问题[J].清洗世界,20051(7)：27-32.
[39]邹声华、丁力行.空调系统新风和回风对室内空气品质的影响[J].建筑热能通风空调,2002,4-6