无线电传感器网络的定位算法研究
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摘要
微机电系统(MEMS, Micro-Electro-Mechanism System)、片上系统(SOC,System on Chip)和无线通信技术的发展孕育了无线电传感器网络(WSN, Wireless Sensor Network)。这种网络系统可被广泛地应用于环境监测、医疗卫生、交通管理、制造业、国防军事、反恐抗灾等领域。作为一个全新的研究领域,WSN向科研工作者提出了大量的具有挑战性的研究课题,传感器网络的定位问题及其在军事上的应用就是其中非常重要的两个方面。
本论文的研究工作是围绕着无线电传感器网络定位算法及其在军事领域的应用进行的,主要完成的工作包括:
1.介绍了无线电传感器网络的特点、体系结构,将无线电传感器网络和其他网络进行对比,分析了目前无线电传感器网络研究所面临的问题,并针对其定位问题进行阐述。
2.综述了无线电传感器网络定位算法的分类方法,以及现有的典型算法,并对现有的成果进行总结。
3.阐述无线电传感器网络在军事应用领域所独有的技术优势,并对其在军事上的主要应用方向进行了描述。结合自身参与的国防工程项目,概述了基地电磁辐射源定位和监测系统,详细描述了系统定位过程和定位算法的实现。
Advances in MEMS(Micro-Electro-Mechanism System)、SOC(System on Chip)and Wireless Communications have made WSN(Wireless Sensor Network)possible, here each sensor node individually senses the environment but collaboratively chieves complex information gathering and dissemination tasksInstrumenting the physical world through large networks of wireless sensor nodes requires that these nodes be very small, lightweight, untethered, and unobtrusive. These networked sensor nodes, however, possess several characteristics that have challenged many aspects of traditional computer network design. The problem of self-localization, that is, determinin where a given node is physically or relatively located in a network, is one of the challenging tasks.and yet extremely crucial for many applications.
The research of this thesis is based on the research results of the Wireless Sensor Network Self-Localization algorithm and its application in military include:
1. This paper gives an instruction about the architecture and characteristic of wireless sensor network. Contrast the wireless sensor network with other networks. Analysis the problem about what the reseach of the wireless sensor network is facing.
2. The taxonomy for wireless sensor networks localization system and algorithms are described, the principles and characteristics of recent representative localization approaches are discussed andpresented in detail.
3. The preponderances of the wireless sensor network when used in military are described,and the use of the wireless sensor network in military is summarized。Combine the national defense engineering of oneself participation item, all said base electromagnetism to radiate source fixed position and monitor system, described the realization of the system fixed position process and fixed position calculate way in detail.
本论文的研究工作是围绕着无线电传感器网络定位算法及其在军事领域的应用进行的,主要完成的工作包括:
1.介绍了无线电传感器网络的特点、体系结构,将无线电传感器网络和其他网络进行对比,分析了目前无线电传感器网络研究所面临的问题,并针对其定位问题进行阐述。
2.综述了无线电传感器网络定位算法的分类方法,以及现有的典型算法,并对现有的成果进行总结。
3.阐述无线电传感器网络在军事应用领域所独有的技术优势,并对其在军事上的主要应用方向进行了描述。结合自身参与的国防工程项目,概述了基地电磁辐射源定位和监测系统,详细描述了系统定位过程和定位算法的实现。
Advances in MEMS(Micro-Electro-Mechanism System)、SOC(System on Chip)and Wireless Communications have made WSN(Wireless Sensor Network)possible, here each sensor node individually senses the environment but collaboratively chieves complex information gathering and dissemination tasksInstrumenting the physical world through large networks of wireless sensor nodes requires that these nodes be very small, lightweight, untethered, and unobtrusive. These networked sensor nodes, however, possess several characteristics that have challenged many aspects of traditional computer network design. The problem of self-localization, that is, determinin where a given node is physically or relatively located in a network, is one of the challenging tasks.and yet extremely crucial for many applications.
The research of this thesis is based on the research results of the Wireless Sensor Network Self-Localization algorithm and its application in military include:
1. This paper gives an instruction about the architecture and characteristic of wireless sensor network. Contrast the wireless sensor network with other networks. Analysis the problem about what the reseach of the wireless sensor network is facing.
2. The taxonomy for wireless sensor networks localization system and algorithms are described, the principles and characteristics of recent representative localization approaches are discussed andpresented in detail.
3. The preponderances of the wireless sensor network when used in military are described,and the use of the wireless sensor network in military is summarized。Combine the national defense engineering of oneself participation item, all said base electromagnetism to radiate source fixed position and monitor system, described the realization of the system fixed position process and fixed position calculate way in detail.
引文
[1] Ren Feng-Yuan, Huang Hai-Ning. Lin Chuang.Wireless sensor networks[J]. Journal of Software.2003,7,14(2):1148-1157
[2] DARPA Program. http://dtsn.darpa.md/ixa/programs.asp
[3]凡高娟.基于移动Agent的无线电传感器网络拓扑管理研究[D].开封:河南大学,2007
[4]江长勇.传感器网络中的攻击监测研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2009
[5]毛戈.基于无线电传感器网络的智能炸点控制系统研究与实现[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007
[6]史斌彬.无线电传感器网络节点部署算法研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008
[7] Estrin D, Govinfan R, Herdemann J. Kumar S. Next century challenges:Scalable coordinate in sensor network[A]. In Proc of the 5thACM/IEEE Intemational Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking,1999,pp:263-270
[8] Roy Want, Andy Hopper, Veronica Falcao, and Jon Gibbona. The active badge location system[J]. ACM Transactions on Information Systems,1992,1,10(1):91-102
[9]钱宇.无线电传感器网络的传感器定位及其在军事上的应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[10] Jeffrey Hightower and Gaetano Bonello. Location System for Ubiquitous Computing[J]. IEEE Computer. 2001,8,34(8):57-66
[11] Roy Want, Andy Hopper, Veronica Falcao, and Jon Gibbons. The active badge location system[J]. ACM Transaction on Information Systems,1992,1,10(1):91-102
[12] Tran He.Chengdu Huang. Brian M.Blum.John A. Stankovic. Tarek Abdelzaher. Range-Free Location Schemes in Large Scale Sensor Networks[A]. In. Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and netwoking. San Dicgo. Canifonia.USA ACM Press.2003,9:81-95
[13] P Bergarno, G Mazzira. Localization in Sensor Networks with Fading and Mobility[A]. In:Proceedings of The 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal. Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications(IEEE PIMRC 2002). Lisbon. Portugal. IEEE Communications Society,2002,9,vol2:750-754
[14] Jeffrey Hightower, Gaetano Bonello.Location Sensing Techniques[J]. IEEE Computer, 2001, 8, 34(8):57-66
[15] A Harter. A.Ropper. P.Steggles. A Ward. P Webster. The anatomy of a context-aware application[A]. In Proceeding of Mobile Computing and Networking(MOBICOM’99). Seattle, Washington,USA:ACM Press,1999,59-68
[16] Andy Harter. Alnn Jones. Andy Hooper.A new location technique for the active Office. IEEE Personal Communications,1997,10,4(5):42-47
[17] Paramvir Bahl and Venkata N.Padmanabhan. RADAR:An in-building RF-based user location and tracking system[A]. In Proceeding of Infocom’2000, Tel AVIV, Israel:IEEE Computer and Communication Societies,2000,3,vol2:775-884
[18] Nissanka B Priyantha, Amt Chakraborty, Hari Balakrishnan. The Cricket Location-Support System. In:Proceedings of 6th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking(ACM MOBICOM). Boston, MA, USA, ACM Press.2000,8,32-43
[19] Srdjan Capkun. Maher Hamdi and Jean-pierre Hubaux. GPS-Free Positioning in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks [A]. In Proccedings of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Maui.Hawait.USA. IEEE Computer Society, 2001,1,3481-3490
[20] Dragos Nicolescu and Badri Nath. Ad-Hoc Positioning Systems (APS). In: Proceedings of 2001 IEEE Global Telecommunication Conference(IEEE GLOBECOM’01). San Antonio. TX, USA, IEEE Communications Society,2001,11,vol5:2926-2931
[21] J Beutel. Geolocation in a PioRadio Environment.MS Thesis .ETH Zurich Electronics Laboratory ,1999,12
[22] C Savarese. J Rabay. K Langendoen. Robust Positioning Algorithms for Distributed Ad-hoc Wireless Sensor Networks[A]. In Carla Schlatter Eths ed Proceedings or the USENIX Technical Annual Conference. Monterey. CA.USA,USENIX Press, 2(x)26, 317-327
[23] Seapahn Meguerdichran, Sasa Shjepcevic, Vahag Karayan, Micdrag Polkonjak. Localized Algorithms In Wireless Ad-hoc Networks:Location Discovery And Sensor Exposure[A]. In Proceedings of the 2001 ACM International Symposium on MobileAd-hoc Networking & Computing. Long Beach. USA ACM Press, 2001, 10, 106-116
[24] Andreas avvides, Heemin Park, Mam B Srivastava. The Bits and Flops of the N-Hop Multilateration Primitive for Node Localization Problems[A]. In Proceedings of the First ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Application(WSNA’02). Atlanta Georgia, USA ACM Press, 2002, 9, 112-121
[25] Radhika Nagpal, Howard Shrobe and Jonathan Bachrach. Organizing a Global Coordinate System from Local Information on an Ad-hoc Sensor Network. In: Zhao Feng[A]. Guibas Leonidas eds. Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Information Processing in Sensor Networks(IPSN’03), Palo Alto, CA, USA:Sringer-Vertag, 2003, 4, 333-348
[26] Yi Shang, Wheeler Ruml, Ying Zhang, Markus P J, Fromherz. Localization from mere connectivity[A]. In Proceeding of the fourth ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing(MOBIHOC 2003). Annapolis, Maryland, USA, ACM Press, 2003,6,201-212
[27]吴帅飞.用于装备物资管理的无线电传感器网络系统的研究与设计[D].长沙:国防科技大学,2007
[2] DARPA Program. http://dtsn.darpa.md/ixa/programs.asp
[3]凡高娟.基于移动Agent的无线电传感器网络拓扑管理研究[D].开封:河南大学,2007
[4]江长勇.传感器网络中的攻击监测研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2009
[5]毛戈.基于无线电传感器网络的智能炸点控制系统研究与实现[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007
[6]史斌彬.无线电传感器网络节点部署算法研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008
[7] Estrin D, Govinfan R, Herdemann J. Kumar S. Next century challenges:Scalable coordinate in sensor network[A]. In Proc of the 5thACM/IEEE Intemational Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking,1999,pp:263-270
[8] Roy Want, Andy Hopper, Veronica Falcao, and Jon Gibbona. The active badge location system[J]. ACM Transactions on Information Systems,1992,1,10(1):91-102
[9]钱宇.无线电传感器网络的传感器定位及其在军事上的应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[10] Jeffrey Hightower and Gaetano Bonello. Location System for Ubiquitous Computing[J]. IEEE Computer. 2001,8,34(8):57-66
[11] Roy Want, Andy Hopper, Veronica Falcao, and Jon Gibbons. The active badge location system[J]. ACM Transaction on Information Systems,1992,1,10(1):91-102
[12] Tran He.Chengdu Huang. Brian M.Blum.John A. Stankovic. Tarek Abdelzaher. Range-Free Location Schemes in Large Scale Sensor Networks[A]. In. Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and netwoking. San Dicgo. Canifonia.USA ACM Press.2003,9:81-95
[13] P Bergarno, G Mazzira. Localization in Sensor Networks with Fading and Mobility[A]. In:Proceedings of The 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal. Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications(IEEE PIMRC 2002). Lisbon. Portugal. IEEE Communications Society,2002,9,vol2:750-754
[14] Jeffrey Hightower, Gaetano Bonello.Location Sensing Techniques[J]. IEEE Computer, 2001, 8, 34(8):57-66
[15] A Harter. A.Ropper. P.Steggles. A Ward. P Webster. The anatomy of a context-aware application[A]. In Proceeding of Mobile Computing and Networking(MOBICOM’99). Seattle, Washington,USA:ACM Press,1999,59-68
[16] Andy Harter. Alnn Jones. Andy Hooper.A new location technique for the active Office. IEEE Personal Communications,1997,10,4(5):42-47
[17] Paramvir Bahl and Venkata N.Padmanabhan. RADAR:An in-building RF-based user location and tracking system[A]. In Proceeding of Infocom’2000, Tel AVIV, Israel:IEEE Computer and Communication Societies,2000,3,vol2:775-884
[18] Nissanka B Priyantha, Amt Chakraborty, Hari Balakrishnan. The Cricket Location-Support System. In:Proceedings of 6th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking(ACM MOBICOM). Boston, MA, USA, ACM Press.2000,8,32-43
[19] Srdjan Capkun. Maher Hamdi and Jean-pierre Hubaux. GPS-Free Positioning in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks [A]. In Proccedings of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Maui.Hawait.USA. IEEE Computer Society, 2001,1,3481-3490
[20] Dragos Nicolescu and Badri Nath. Ad-Hoc Positioning Systems (APS). In: Proceedings of 2001 IEEE Global Telecommunication Conference(IEEE GLOBECOM’01). San Antonio. TX, USA, IEEE Communications Society,2001,11,vol5:2926-2931
[21] J Beutel. Geolocation in a PioRadio Environment.MS Thesis .ETH Zurich Electronics Laboratory ,1999,12
[22] C Savarese. J Rabay. K Langendoen. Robust Positioning Algorithms for Distributed Ad-hoc Wireless Sensor Networks[A]. In Carla Schlatter Eths ed Proceedings or the USENIX Technical Annual Conference. Monterey. CA.USA,USENIX Press, 2(x)26, 317-327
[23] Seapahn Meguerdichran, Sasa Shjepcevic, Vahag Karayan, Micdrag Polkonjak. Localized Algorithms In Wireless Ad-hoc Networks:Location Discovery And Sensor Exposure[A]. In Proceedings of the 2001 ACM International Symposium on MobileAd-hoc Networking & Computing. Long Beach. USA ACM Press, 2001, 10, 106-116
[24] Andreas avvides, Heemin Park, Mam B Srivastava. The Bits and Flops of the N-Hop Multilateration Primitive for Node Localization Problems[A]. In Proceedings of the First ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Application(WSNA’02). Atlanta Georgia, USA ACM Press, 2002, 9, 112-121
[25] Radhika Nagpal, Howard Shrobe and Jonathan Bachrach. Organizing a Global Coordinate System from Local Information on an Ad-hoc Sensor Network. In: Zhao Feng[A]. Guibas Leonidas eds. Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Information Processing in Sensor Networks(IPSN’03), Palo Alto, CA, USA:Sringer-Vertag, 2003, 4, 333-348
[26] Yi Shang, Wheeler Ruml, Ying Zhang, Markus P J, Fromherz. Localization from mere connectivity[A]. In Proceeding of the fourth ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing(MOBIHOC 2003). Annapolis, Maryland, USA, ACM Press, 2003,6,201-212
[27]吴帅飞.用于装备物资管理的无线电传感器网络系统的研究与设计[D].长沙:国防科技大学,2007