地铁车站PBA法施工对地表沉降影响的研究
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摘要
本文简要的叙述了工程背景和国内外的研究现状并提出了研究的问题;介绍了目前地铁车站常用的施工方法,以及PBA(Pile-Beam-Arch)工法的施工工艺,并对此工法对地表沉降影响的规律及其地表变形的控制措施进行了分析;以青年大街车站为背景,建立了FLAC3D三维数值模型,分析了车站PBA工法动态开挖过程对地表沉降的影响。
PBA工法是一个将传统的框架结构施工方法和暗挖法进行有机结合起来的新型方法,是在提前施作好的边桩、中桩和拱部初支的保护下,暗挖土体并施作二衬等结构的一种施工方法。在暗挖地铁车站的众多的施工方法中,PBA工法以其施工灵活、能较好的控制地表沉降、满足城市复杂的工程环境的要求等优点越来越为工程师所青睐。
导洞的开挖是PBA工法中很重要的一个工序,由于导洞的开挖对地表沉降的影响具有非线性的路径相关性,即不同开挖顺序以及开挖进尺对周围环境的影响是不一样的,因此,本文依托沈阳青年大街地铁车站为工程背景,运用FLAC3D有限元数值计算软件,建立力学和计算模型,分析了采用不同开挖顺序下的六种施工方案分别在不同开挖进尺下对地表沉降影响的规律,对比模拟结果,从而得出对周围环境影响最小的施工方案。并通过将数值模拟结果和现场实测数据进行对比分析,总结出PBA工法不同施工阶段对地表沉降产生的影响规律。从而得出一些结论,对以后类似工程的设计和施工具有一定的指导意义。
This paper reviewed the engineering background and the domestic and oversea present situation of research, and introduced conventional construction methods of PBA , analyzed the ground settlement law caused by PBA construction and discussed surface deformation control measures. Combined youth street subway station and construct FLAC3D numerical model and analyzed the dynamic excavation process effect of PBA method on ground settlement and make a comparative analysis of numerical simulation and monitoring result in practice.
PBA construction method is a new method combining traditional frame construction method with undermining method, which undermine soil and construct second staining under the care of slope stake, center stake and arch prefabricated. PBA construction method is remarkable for easy application, settlement controlled effectively and meeting complex city engineering environment, so this construction method is more popular within engineers than many other construction methods.
Pilot tunnel excavation is an important working procedure, and is nonlinearity route relative to ground settlement induced by excavated that different excavation sequences and footages bring about the different effect on the surrounding environment. The paper used numerical simulation software FLAC3D, constructing mathematical mechanics model and further analyzed different excavation footage effect on ground settlement on the condition of different excavation sequences of 6 types of construction methods. Through comparing numerical simulation results, the construction plan that is minimal effect on the surrounding environment can be determined. Through comparative analysis between real data and numerical simulation results, the influence laws of ground settlement caused by different construction stage of the PBA construction method are summarized. It is important to guide similar projects design and construction for these laws.
PBA工法是一个将传统的框架结构施工方法和暗挖法进行有机结合起来的新型方法,是在提前施作好的边桩、中桩和拱部初支的保护下,暗挖土体并施作二衬等结构的一种施工方法。在暗挖地铁车站的众多的施工方法中,PBA工法以其施工灵活、能较好的控制地表沉降、满足城市复杂的工程环境的要求等优点越来越为工程师所青睐。
导洞的开挖是PBA工法中很重要的一个工序,由于导洞的开挖对地表沉降的影响具有非线性的路径相关性,即不同开挖顺序以及开挖进尺对周围环境的影响是不一样的,因此,本文依托沈阳青年大街地铁车站为工程背景,运用FLAC3D有限元数值计算软件,建立力学和计算模型,分析了采用不同开挖顺序下的六种施工方案分别在不同开挖进尺下对地表沉降影响的规律,对比模拟结果,从而得出对周围环境影响最小的施工方案。并通过将数值模拟结果和现场实测数据进行对比分析,总结出PBA工法不同施工阶段对地表沉降产生的影响规律。从而得出一些结论,对以后类似工程的设计和施工具有一定的指导意义。
This paper reviewed the engineering background and the domestic and oversea present situation of research, and introduced conventional construction methods of PBA , analyzed the ground settlement law caused by PBA construction and discussed surface deformation control measures. Combined youth street subway station and construct FLAC3D numerical model and analyzed the dynamic excavation process effect of PBA method on ground settlement and make a comparative analysis of numerical simulation and monitoring result in practice.
PBA construction method is a new method combining traditional frame construction method with undermining method, which undermine soil and construct second staining under the care of slope stake, center stake and arch prefabricated. PBA construction method is remarkable for easy application, settlement controlled effectively and meeting complex city engineering environment, so this construction method is more popular within engineers than many other construction methods.
Pilot tunnel excavation is an important working procedure, and is nonlinearity route relative to ground settlement induced by excavated that different excavation sequences and footages bring about the different effect on the surrounding environment. The paper used numerical simulation software FLAC3D, constructing mathematical mechanics model and further analyzed different excavation footage effect on ground settlement on the condition of different excavation sequences of 6 types of construction methods. Through comparing numerical simulation results, the construction plan that is minimal effect on the surrounding environment can be determined. Through comparative analysis between real data and numerical simulation results, the influence laws of ground settlement caused by different construction stage of the PBA construction method are summarized. It is important to guide similar projects design and construction for these laws.
引文
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[4]曹志远.时变固体力学的粘弹性能[J].力学学报,2000,23(4)
[5]王光远.论时变结构力学[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(6):105
[6]曹志远.土木工程分析的施工力学与时变力学基础[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(3):4—46
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[8]程良奎,杨志银.喷射混凝土与土钉墙[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1998
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[14]Zhu Weishen,Zhang Yujun.Effect of supporting surrounding rocks by bolts and its application to high slope of three gorges flight lock.In:proceedings of the international symposium on anchoring and grouting techniques . HongKong : Economic Communication(Group)Ltd ,1994.188—197
[15]林刚.地铁重叠隧道施下顺序研究.现代隧道技术,2006,43(6):23—28
[16]刘宝琛.急待深入研究的地铁建设中的岩土力学课题[J]铁道建筑技术,2000,(3):1-3
[17]侯学渊,廖少明.盾构隧道沉降预估,地下工程与隧道,1993(4)
[18]于跃勋,周小军.广州地铁广联纺区间隧道施工的有限元数值模拟.西部探矿工程,2004(4):102—105
[19]李宏建,孙明磊,朱永全.北京地铁区间隧道施:L过程三维动态数值模拟.石家庄铁道学院学报,2006,19(1):30—33
[20]刘波,陶龙光,张定春.地铁隧道短台阶法施工地层沉降三维数值分析.隧道建设,2005,25(4):I-3
[21]陈先国,高波.地铁近距离平行隧道有限元数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报。2002,21(9):1330-1334
[22]王暖堂.城市地铁复杂洞群浅埋暗挖法的有限元模拟[J]岩土力学,2001,22(4):504-508
[23]刘洪洲交叠隧道盾构施工引起地面沉降的二维有限元分析[J].岩土工程师。2002,14(1):1-7
[24]高峰,李德武.家竹等隧道弹粘塑性有限元分析[J].甘肃科学学报,1998,10(2):35-39
[25]张弥,潘杰梁.预测盾构开挖引起的地面沉陷的专家系统[J].地铁与轻轨,1990,(3).
[26]刘建航.上海软土隧道盾构施工技术专家系统综述.地下工程与隧道.1995(2)
[27]阳军生,刘宝深.城市隧道施工引起的地表移动及变形.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002
[28]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学.北京:科学出版社,1995
[29]张爱守,郭永军.北京地铁10号线苏州街车站“PBA”洞桩法施工技术[J].施工技术,2008.12
[30]李永树.地面沉陷灾害预报与防治方法[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2001
[31]刘招伟,赵运臣.城市地下工程施工监测与信息反馈技术.北京:科学出版社,2006
[32]朱维申,王平.动态规划原理在洞室群施工力学中的应用.岩石力学与工程学报,1992. 11 (4):323-331
[33]张玉祥,包四根.复杂地质体中地下洞室的施工优化与稳定性评价.岩石力学与工程学报,2000. 19 (6):722-725
[34]刘立新,常汉军.隔河岩水电站引水隧洞群洞开挖研究.人民长江,2000. 31(9):19-20
[35]刘招伟.地铁隧道盾构法施工引起的地表沉降分析:[硕士学位论文].北京:北方交通大学,2003
[36]李攀峰.大型地下洞室群围岩稳定性工程地质研究:[博士学位论文].成都:成都理工大学,2004
[37]FLAC3D(Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions),Verdion4.0,User’S Manual[S].USA:Itasca consulting Group,Inc.,2000.
[38]陈扬勋城市地下洞群施工对周边环境影响规律研究.硕士学位论文.北京:北京交通大学,2007
[39]刘成伟地铁车站群洞法施工对地表沉降影响规律的研究.硕士学位论文.河南:河南理工大学,2007
[40]阮松地铁车站浅埋暗挖法施工引起沉降的控制措施研究.硕士学位论文.北京:北京交通大学,2007
[41]沈阳青年大街车站施工组织设计[R]
[42]夏才初等土木工程监侧技术.中国建筑工业出版社[M],2001.7
[2]曹志远,时变力学及其工程应用[J].力学与实践,1999,21(5):1
[3]曹志远,邹贵平,唐寿高.时变动力学的Legendre级数解[J].固体力学学报,2000,21(2)
[4]曹志远.时变固体力学的粘弹性能[J].力学学报,2000,23(4)
[5]王光远.论时变结构力学[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(6):105
[6]曹志远.土木工程分析的施工力学与时变力学基础[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(3):4—46
[7]关宝树.隧道力学概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993
[8]程良奎,杨志银.喷射混凝土与土钉墙[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1998
[9]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学.北京:科学出版社,1995
[10]于学馥,郑颖人.地下工程围岩稳定分析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1983
[11]朱维申,张玉军,任伟中.系统锚杆对三峡船闸高边坡岩体加固作用的块体相似模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,1996,17(2):1-6
[12]MaiyR .J.&Taylor,R N.&Bracegirdle,A(1993).Subsurface settlement porfiles Above tunnels in clays[J].Geotechnique 43,No.2,315-320
[13]Peck R B. Deep Excavation and Tunneling in soft ground. State of the-art Proc. 7th Int. conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering[C] Mexico city, 1969. 225-290
[14]Zhu Weishen,Zhang Yujun.Effect of supporting surrounding rocks by bolts and its application to high slope of three gorges flight lock.In:proceedings of the international symposium on anchoring and grouting techniques . HongKong : Economic Communication(Group)Ltd ,1994.188—197
[15]林刚.地铁重叠隧道施下顺序研究.现代隧道技术,2006,43(6):23—28
[16]刘宝琛.急待深入研究的地铁建设中的岩土力学课题[J]铁道建筑技术,2000,(3):1-3
[17]侯学渊,廖少明.盾构隧道沉降预估,地下工程与隧道,1993(4)
[18]于跃勋,周小军.广州地铁广联纺区间隧道施工的有限元数值模拟.西部探矿工程,2004(4):102—105
[19]李宏建,孙明磊,朱永全.北京地铁区间隧道施:L过程三维动态数值模拟.石家庄铁道学院学报,2006,19(1):30—33
[20]刘波,陶龙光,张定春.地铁隧道短台阶法施工地层沉降三维数值分析.隧道建设,2005,25(4):I-3
[21]陈先国,高波.地铁近距离平行隧道有限元数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报。2002,21(9):1330-1334
[22]王暖堂.城市地铁复杂洞群浅埋暗挖法的有限元模拟[J]岩土力学,2001,22(4):504-508
[23]刘洪洲交叠隧道盾构施工引起地面沉降的二维有限元分析[J].岩土工程师。2002,14(1):1-7
[24]高峰,李德武.家竹等隧道弹粘塑性有限元分析[J].甘肃科学学报,1998,10(2):35-39
[25]张弥,潘杰梁.预测盾构开挖引起的地面沉陷的专家系统[J].地铁与轻轨,1990,(3).
[26]刘建航.上海软土隧道盾构施工技术专家系统综述.地下工程与隧道.1995(2)
[27]阳军生,刘宝深.城市隧道施工引起的地表移动及变形.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002
[28]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学.北京:科学出版社,1995
[29]张爱守,郭永军.北京地铁10号线苏州街车站“PBA”洞桩法施工技术[J].施工技术,2008.12
[30]李永树.地面沉陷灾害预报与防治方法[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2001
[31]刘招伟,赵运臣.城市地下工程施工监测与信息反馈技术.北京:科学出版社,2006
[32]朱维申,王平.动态规划原理在洞室群施工力学中的应用.岩石力学与工程学报,1992. 11 (4):323-331
[33]张玉祥,包四根.复杂地质体中地下洞室的施工优化与稳定性评价.岩石力学与工程学报,2000. 19 (6):722-725
[34]刘立新,常汉军.隔河岩水电站引水隧洞群洞开挖研究.人民长江,2000. 31(9):19-20
[35]刘招伟.地铁隧道盾构法施工引起的地表沉降分析:[硕士学位论文].北京:北方交通大学,2003
[36]李攀峰.大型地下洞室群围岩稳定性工程地质研究:[博士学位论文].成都:成都理工大学,2004
[37]FLAC3D(Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions),Verdion4.0,User’S Manual[S].USA:Itasca consulting Group,Inc.,2000.
[38]陈扬勋城市地下洞群施工对周边环境影响规律研究.硕士学位论文.北京:北京交通大学,2007
[39]刘成伟地铁车站群洞法施工对地表沉降影响规律的研究.硕士学位论文.河南:河南理工大学,2007
[40]阮松地铁车站浅埋暗挖法施工引起沉降的控制措施研究.硕士学位论文.北京:北京交通大学,2007
[41]沈阳青年大街车站施工组织设计[R]
[42]夏才初等土木工程监侧技术.中国建筑工业出版社[M],2001.7