国医大师经方方药应用规律研究
|
摘要
本研究建立在国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)中医理论基础研究专项：以量一效关系为主的经典名方相关基础研究子课题——基于文献及临床经验挖掘的中医方药剂量理论研究(课题编号：2010CB530604)基础之上,以文献研究为基础,建立国医大师经方应用数据库,运用现代医学统计方法,以更为直观的图表的形式表现,提取数据,得出与国医大师常用的经方及其相关的数据信息,揭示国医大师在临床应用经方方证的规律。提取这些共同的策略,有助于更好的学习和继承张仲景的学术思想,提高中医药临床的疗效。
研究目的：1.建立国医大师经方应用数据库,描述国医大师应用经方情况的概括。2.利用数据统计挖掘技术,总结国医大师运用经方的过程中的用药特色,包括擅长用某种药物的机理,以及其用量；在临证中常用的药对,以及常治疗的疾病。总结依法用药、善用药对,发挥特色用药,相似药物应用等特点。3.利用数据统计挖掘技术,总结国医大师经方用药用量规律。
研究对象：本次设计以首届国医大师已发表的临床应用经方治疗疾病的病案为研究对象。首届国医大师共30位,共纳入班秀文、邓铁涛等21位国医大师。病案纳入标准：①文章原文中明确说明此次应用的方剂是经方或者是在经方基础上稍作加减应用者；②文章中以经方原方原比例应用者。最终纳入到国医大师应用经方治疗疾病的病案数据库中270例。
研究方法：1、收集已发表的病案,作者搜索文献以中国知网为来源,发表时间定为1980年-2012年,并且收集整理了部分1998年-2010年出版的书籍中,标明是国医大师应用经方治疗疾病的病案进行总结分析研究。2、建立国医大师应用经方病案数据库。将纳入的国医大师按照姓氏拼音顺序编号,已收集的国医大师经方病案依次编号并录入excel表格中,使方名、医家、适应症、分科、出处、药味数、药方、总药量、是否超药典用量、是否原方使用等等信息形成可分析的数据。3、本次研究采用描述性研究的方法,对数据进行分析。抽提出来的数据进一步分析探讨,再分类归纳,采用聚类分析的方法,将具有相同特点或关键词的信息进行聚类,通过分析它们的共同点抽提出规律。并采用Excel表格数据处理功能及基本统计学方法来处理经方出现频次、剂量,最终总结出一部分基于国医大师经方病案研究的经方用量策略。
研究结果：1、经方遣方规律：在此次研究纳入的各科病案270诊次中,出现频率最高的经方前12位依次为小柴胡汤、甘麦大枣汤、桂枝汤、麻黄附子细辛汤、桂枝茯苓丸、小建中汤、小青龙汤、真武汤、附子汤、黄连阿胶汤、炙甘草汤、苓桂术甘汤,合计37.38%。纳入《伤寒论》的方剂55首,占《伤寒论》总方剂数的47.83%,占此次研究总方剂数的55.56%,纳入《金匮要略》的方剂44首,占《金匮要略》总方剂数的23.91%,占此次研究总方剂数的44.44%。原方应用经方的27诊次,占总病案数的10%,合方应用经方的47诊次,占总病案数的14.71%,其他196例均为在经方的基础上加减应用,或者依经方之方义取其中几味药另组新方,占72.59%。此次研究中,本次的病案涉及内外妇儿各个方面,其中内科病案206诊次,妇科病案46诊次,分别占总病案数的76.2%和17.04%,而外科和儿科所占比例相对较小。2、经方用药规律：此次研究中,对于国医大师应用经方药物的进行了描述性研究,发现国医大师具有依法用药、善用药对,发挥特色用药,相似药物应用等特点。国医大师师经方之法不泥方,充分汲取经方的精髓,在临床中,常常应用经方中出现的药对,配以其他药物,药精力宏,临床疗效明显。还有一些大师结合地方特色、擅长特色用药,并将其与经方结合起来,加减应用,使经方疗效更加显著。此外,在多年的实践过程中,一些国医大师发现将经方中的某种药物替换成别的相似的药物,更加符合当地的环境、病人的情况,能够取得更好的疗效。通过聚类分析国医大师应用经方的270例病案,我们得出了中病显效、起效减量,中病显效、乘胜加量,用药精当、药专力宏,投石探路、不效加量,重视用药比例,剂型转换等六项经方用量策略。另外国医大师在剂量变化方面,充分做到了以人为本,合理用药,无论是加量还是减量,都是逐步进行,并不一味追求大剂量用药,或者迅速控制病情,而是在以病人安全为基础的前提下,进行治疗。并且四诊和参,根据病人的具体情况加减用药,并不照抄仲景原方,在用量方面也是根据病情的需要酌情使用,基本遵循《伤寒杂病论》的本义,在需要的情况下并不怯于使用大剂量,取得了很好的疗效。
In this study is to develop a national key basic research development program (973program) traditional Chinese medicine theory foundation research special:to the quantity a activity relationship classic square mainly related basic research one based on literature and clinical experience of traditional Chinese medical herbs dose mining based on theoretical research, with literature study, based GuoYi master the party application database, using the modern medical statistical methods, to more intuitive chart of form, extract the data, and concludes that the GuoYi master of the commonly used with the relevant data party and its information, reveals GuoYi masters in clinical application of all the rule of the card. Extraction of the common strategy, help to better learning and inheritance of ZhangZhongJing academic thinking, and improve the curative effect of Chinese medicine clinical.
Objective:
1.we establish application database in order to description the application of TCM masters'classical prescription.2.Summary the masters'using the drug characteristics in the process of applying classical prescription through data statistics, including being good at using a certain drug especially the mechanism and its dosage;besides,there are a commonly used couple medicine in the clinical and the common treatment of diseases. Summary the peculiarity of Choosing medicine according to principle,being good at a couple drug application,adopting the distinctive and similar characteristics drug.3.Summary the masters' drug dosage law in the classical through data statistics technique.
The research object:
This design deed the first masters'clinical application to treat disease record as the research object. The first master are30old experts,while21experts are fit into our research such as Xiuwen Ban,Tietao Deng.Medical record into the standard:①The article clearly explain the prescriptions are the classical or a little distinction to the class.②The article indicate the prescriptions are the original proportion to the classical.Finally there are270medicine record corresponding with afore-mentioned conditions.
Methods:
1.Collecting published medical records to summarize and analyze. Taking the author as keyword to search for literatures from CNKI.of which published time is from1980to2012.And collating medical records that national chinese medicine masters use classical prescriptions in treating diseases from part books published in1998-2010.2. Establishing medical record database. Selected national Chinese medicine masters are numbered in accordance with the surname Pinyin order,while the collected medical records are numbered and inputted into excel form. Making the informations can be analyzed..including the prescription names, physicians, indications, the divisions, the provenance, the number of herbal medicines, the prescriptions,the total dose of herbal medicines, whether it exceed the pharmacopoeia dosage,and whether using original prescription,etc.3. This study uses the method of descriptive research to analyze the data. Further analyzing and exploring the data and using cluster analysis methods to cluster the informations that have the same characteristics or keywords. Then proposing rules by analyzing their common point. And by adopting the Excel spreadsheet data processing functions and basic statistical methods to deal with the frequency and dose of classical prescriptions. Finally.summarizing a part of dosage strategy of classical prescriptions based on the study of national chinese medicine masters' classical prescriptions medical records.
Results:
1.The rule of using classical prescriptions:in the research of medical clinic in all branches of the270times, the highest frequency by the party is in the top12small soup, Kennedy was Michael jujube soup, cassia twig soup, manual twist of lateral soup, cassia twig poria cocos asarum shot in XiaoJian soup, small green dragon soup, really WuShang aconite, soup, rhizoma coptidis donkey-hide gelatine soup, roasted liquorice decoction, lingya guangxi art Kennedy soup, total37.38%. Into the "treatise on febrile diseases" prescriptions of55first, accounting for the total number of prescriptions treatise on febrile disease of47.83%and, the total number of prescriptions55.56%of research into the diuresis therapy in synopsis of prescriptions of the44first, accounting for the diuresis therapy in synopsis of prescriptions of the total number of23.91%and, the total number of prescriptions44.44%of the study. The original party application of the party and clinical time,10%of the total number of medical record, and by the side of the47party application appointment times,14.71%of the total number of medical record, the other196cases were in the party for the basis of application to add and subtract, or as the FangZhiFang righteousness take a few gout drug another group pays, accounted for72.59%. The study, the medical record involving women inside and outside all aspects, including medical records206clinical time, gynecology clinic medical record46times, total number of medical records were76.2%and17.04%, and surgical and pediatric proportion of the relatively small.
2.The rule of using herbs of classical prescriptions:the study, for GuoYi master by the party of the drugs used the descriptive study, found that GuoYi master has good medicine for drug use, according to law, and give full play to the characteristics of drug use, drug application similar characteristics. GuoYi master such not mud party, fully absorbing the essence of the party, in the clinical, often appear in the application of the party drug, match with other drugs, drug energy macro, clinical efficacy is obvious. And some masters combined with local characteristics, good at characteristic drug use, and it combined by the party, to add and subtract application, make the party more remarkable curative effect. In addition, in many years of practice, some GuoYi master by the party found a certain drug replaced with other similar drugs, more in line with the local environment, patient, can achieve better results. Through the clustering analysis GuoYi master by the side of the270cases of application of medical record, we concluded that the disease in blood, effect to reducing blood disease, make track for the added amount, medicine only leehom, throw a stone into units, not effect added amount, pay attention to drug use proportion, dosage form by the party six conversion dosage strategy. In addition GuoYi master the change in doses, fully did it is with the person this, rational drug use, whether added amount or reduction, are gradually, not blindly seek large dose of drug use, or quickly control disease, but in patients with based, under the premise of treatment. And the four diagnostic methods and participation, according to the specific conditions of patients and drug use, not copy ZhongJingYuan party, but also in the dosage according to the need of the judge to use, basic follows the typhoid miscellaneous diseases theory of meaning, have not afraid to use big doses, made a very good effect.
研究目的：1.建立国医大师经方应用数据库,描述国医大师应用经方情况的概括。2.利用数据统计挖掘技术,总结国医大师运用经方的过程中的用药特色,包括擅长用某种药物的机理,以及其用量；在临证中常用的药对,以及常治疗的疾病。总结依法用药、善用药对,发挥特色用药,相似药物应用等特点。3.利用数据统计挖掘技术,总结国医大师经方用药用量规律。
研究对象：本次设计以首届国医大师已发表的临床应用经方治疗疾病的病案为研究对象。首届国医大师共30位,共纳入班秀文、邓铁涛等21位国医大师。病案纳入标准：①文章原文中明确说明此次应用的方剂是经方或者是在经方基础上稍作加减应用者；②文章中以经方原方原比例应用者。最终纳入到国医大师应用经方治疗疾病的病案数据库中270例。
研究方法：1、收集已发表的病案,作者搜索文献以中国知网为来源,发表时间定为1980年-2012年,并且收集整理了部分1998年-2010年出版的书籍中,标明是国医大师应用经方治疗疾病的病案进行总结分析研究。2、建立国医大师应用经方病案数据库。将纳入的国医大师按照姓氏拼音顺序编号,已收集的国医大师经方病案依次编号并录入excel表格中,使方名、医家、适应症、分科、出处、药味数、药方、总药量、是否超药典用量、是否原方使用等等信息形成可分析的数据。3、本次研究采用描述性研究的方法,对数据进行分析。抽提出来的数据进一步分析探讨,再分类归纳,采用聚类分析的方法,将具有相同特点或关键词的信息进行聚类,通过分析它们的共同点抽提出规律。并采用Excel表格数据处理功能及基本统计学方法来处理经方出现频次、剂量,最终总结出一部分基于国医大师经方病案研究的经方用量策略。
研究结果：1、经方遣方规律：在此次研究纳入的各科病案270诊次中,出现频率最高的经方前12位依次为小柴胡汤、甘麦大枣汤、桂枝汤、麻黄附子细辛汤、桂枝茯苓丸、小建中汤、小青龙汤、真武汤、附子汤、黄连阿胶汤、炙甘草汤、苓桂术甘汤,合计37.38%。纳入《伤寒论》的方剂55首,占《伤寒论》总方剂数的47.83%,占此次研究总方剂数的55.56%,纳入《金匮要略》的方剂44首,占《金匮要略》总方剂数的23.91%,占此次研究总方剂数的44.44%。原方应用经方的27诊次,占总病案数的10%,合方应用经方的47诊次,占总病案数的14.71%,其他196例均为在经方的基础上加减应用,或者依经方之方义取其中几味药另组新方,占72.59%。此次研究中,本次的病案涉及内外妇儿各个方面,其中内科病案206诊次,妇科病案46诊次,分别占总病案数的76.2%和17.04%,而外科和儿科所占比例相对较小。2、经方用药规律：此次研究中,对于国医大师应用经方药物的进行了描述性研究,发现国医大师具有依法用药、善用药对,发挥特色用药,相似药物应用等特点。国医大师师经方之法不泥方,充分汲取经方的精髓,在临床中,常常应用经方中出现的药对,配以其他药物,药精力宏,临床疗效明显。还有一些大师结合地方特色、擅长特色用药,并将其与经方结合起来,加减应用,使经方疗效更加显著。此外,在多年的实践过程中,一些国医大师发现将经方中的某种药物替换成别的相似的药物,更加符合当地的环境、病人的情况,能够取得更好的疗效。通过聚类分析国医大师应用经方的270例病案,我们得出了中病显效、起效减量,中病显效、乘胜加量,用药精当、药专力宏,投石探路、不效加量,重视用药比例,剂型转换等六项经方用量策略。另外国医大师在剂量变化方面,充分做到了以人为本,合理用药,无论是加量还是减量,都是逐步进行,并不一味追求大剂量用药,或者迅速控制病情,而是在以病人安全为基础的前提下,进行治疗。并且四诊和参,根据病人的具体情况加减用药,并不照抄仲景原方,在用量方面也是根据病情的需要酌情使用,基本遵循《伤寒杂病论》的本义,在需要的情况下并不怯于使用大剂量,取得了很好的疗效。
In this study is to develop a national key basic research development program (973program) traditional Chinese medicine theory foundation research special:to the quantity a activity relationship classic square mainly related basic research one based on literature and clinical experience of traditional Chinese medical herbs dose mining based on theoretical research, with literature study, based GuoYi master the party application database, using the modern medical statistical methods, to more intuitive chart of form, extract the data, and concludes that the GuoYi master of the commonly used with the relevant data party and its information, reveals GuoYi masters in clinical application of all the rule of the card. Extraction of the common strategy, help to better learning and inheritance of ZhangZhongJing academic thinking, and improve the curative effect of Chinese medicine clinical.
Objective:
1.we establish application database in order to description the application of TCM masters'classical prescription.2.Summary the masters'using the drug characteristics in the process of applying classical prescription through data statistics, including being good at using a certain drug especially the mechanism and its dosage;besides,there are a commonly used couple medicine in the clinical and the common treatment of diseases. Summary the peculiarity of Choosing medicine according to principle,being good at a couple drug application,adopting the distinctive and similar characteristics drug.3.Summary the masters' drug dosage law in the classical through data statistics technique.
The research object:
This design deed the first masters'clinical application to treat disease record as the research object. The first master are30old experts,while21experts are fit into our research such as Xiuwen Ban,Tietao Deng.Medical record into the standard:①The article clearly explain the prescriptions are the classical or a little distinction to the class.②The article indicate the prescriptions are the original proportion to the classical.Finally there are270medicine record corresponding with afore-mentioned conditions.
Methods:
1.Collecting published medical records to summarize and analyze. Taking the author as keyword to search for literatures from CNKI.of which published time is from1980to2012.And collating medical records that national chinese medicine masters use classical prescriptions in treating diseases from part books published in1998-2010.2. Establishing medical record database. Selected national Chinese medicine masters are numbered in accordance with the surname Pinyin order,while the collected medical records are numbered and inputted into excel form. Making the informations can be analyzed..including the prescription names, physicians, indications, the divisions, the provenance, the number of herbal medicines, the prescriptions,the total dose of herbal medicines, whether it exceed the pharmacopoeia dosage,and whether using original prescription,etc.3. This study uses the method of descriptive research to analyze the data. Further analyzing and exploring the data and using cluster analysis methods to cluster the informations that have the same characteristics or keywords. Then proposing rules by analyzing their common point. And by adopting the Excel spreadsheet data processing functions and basic statistical methods to deal with the frequency and dose of classical prescriptions. Finally.summarizing a part of dosage strategy of classical prescriptions based on the study of national chinese medicine masters' classical prescriptions medical records.
Results:
1.The rule of using classical prescriptions:in the research of medical clinic in all branches of the270times, the highest frequency by the party is in the top12small soup, Kennedy was Michael jujube soup, cassia twig soup, manual twist of lateral soup, cassia twig poria cocos asarum shot in XiaoJian soup, small green dragon soup, really WuShang aconite, soup, rhizoma coptidis donkey-hide gelatine soup, roasted liquorice decoction, lingya guangxi art Kennedy soup, total37.38%. Into the "treatise on febrile diseases" prescriptions of55first, accounting for the total number of prescriptions treatise on febrile disease of47.83%and, the total number of prescriptions55.56%of research into the diuresis therapy in synopsis of prescriptions of the44first, accounting for the diuresis therapy in synopsis of prescriptions of the total number of23.91%and, the total number of prescriptions44.44%of the study. The original party application of the party and clinical time,10%of the total number of medical record, and by the side of the47party application appointment times,14.71%of the total number of medical record, the other196cases were in the party for the basis of application to add and subtract, or as the FangZhiFang righteousness take a few gout drug another group pays, accounted for72.59%. The study, the medical record involving women inside and outside all aspects, including medical records206clinical time, gynecology clinic medical record46times, total number of medical records were76.2%and17.04%, and surgical and pediatric proportion of the relatively small.
2.The rule of using herbs of classical prescriptions:the study, for GuoYi master by the party of the drugs used the descriptive study, found that GuoYi master has good medicine for drug use, according to law, and give full play to the characteristics of drug use, drug application similar characteristics. GuoYi master such not mud party, fully absorbing the essence of the party, in the clinical, often appear in the application of the party drug, match with other drugs, drug energy macro, clinical efficacy is obvious. And some masters combined with local characteristics, good at characteristic drug use, and it combined by the party, to add and subtract application, make the party more remarkable curative effect. In addition, in many years of practice, some GuoYi master by the party found a certain drug replaced with other similar drugs, more in line with the local environment, patient, can achieve better results. Through the clustering analysis GuoYi master by the side of the270cases of application of medical record, we concluded that the disease in blood, effect to reducing blood disease, make track for the added amount, medicine only leehom, throw a stone into units, not effect added amount, pay attention to drug use proportion, dosage form by the party six conversion dosage strategy. In addition GuoYi master the change in doses, fully did it is with the person this, rational drug use, whether added amount or reduction, are gradually, not blindly seek large dose of drug use, or quickly control disease, but in patients with based, under the premise of treatment. And the four diagnostic methods and participation, according to the specific conditions of patients and drug use, not copy ZhongJingYuan party, but also in the dosage according to the need of the judge to use, basic follows the typhoid miscellaneous diseases theory of meaning, have not afraid to use big doses, made a very good effect.
引文
[1]李海玉,刘理想.参悟精微,务本论道[J].中国中医基础医学杂志.20l 1,17(6)：589-560
[2]黄辉.秉承新安学风独创医学心机[J].中医药文化.2010,(1)：4-7
[3]王庆其,李孝刚,梁尚华等.读书苦乐有乘除[J].中医药文化.2009,(5)：4-7
[4]王京喜.国医大师贺普仁教授治学精神之领悟[J].中国针灸.2011,31(9)：843-845
[5]张璐砾,戴铭,员晓云.国医大师班秀文食疗特色探析
[6]杨美青,肖夏清,方刚.国医大师班秀文教授治疗崩漏经验总结[J].时珍国医国药.2011,22(6)：1485-1486
[7]范雁沙.国医大师何任治疗精神类疾病经验[J].中国中医药杂志.201l,26(1)：90-92
[8]陈雪楠.国医大师李辅仁治疗老年咳嗽用药特点[c].北京中医药大学.2011
[9]刘向哲.国医大师李振华教授从脾胃论治中风病经验[J].中华中医药杂志.2011,26(12)：2884-2886
[10]韩景辉.国医大师李振华心脾同治法治疗功能性室性早搏经验[J].中医研究.2011,24(6)：61-62
[11]张会永.国医大师李玉奇先生治疗消渴病临床经验[J].中华中医药杂志.2011,26(12)：2882-2884
[12]李小可.国医大师路志正调理脾胃法治疗胸痹经验发挥[J].中华中医药杂志.2012,27(1)：123-125
[13]李健颖,杨建宇.国医大师路志正治疗胸痹临床路径探讨[J].四川中医.2012,30(2)：6-7
[14]刘绪银.活血化痰熄风、益肾平肝降逆治梅尼埃综合征-一国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之三[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(17)：86
[15]刘绪银.清脑通络止偏头痛——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之四[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(18)：100
[16]潘洋,葛迎利,张琪.关于国医大师张琪治疗肝病的辩证经验总结[z].第二十一届全国中西医结合学会消化系统疾病学术会议：448-450
[17]梁光宇,王立范.国医大师张琪教授治疗痹证经验[J].中医学报.2011,25(156)：554-555
[18]朱佳,李朝娟,刘海燕.国医大师周仲瑛教授治疗外感咳嗽经验[J].中国中医药现代远程教育.2011,9(8)：10-11
[19]兰承祥,李柳.国医大师周仲瑛辨治癌症四则[J].中医药通报.2011,10(5)：11-13
[20]李艳.国医大师李济仁治疗慢性肾炎蛋白尿经验[J].中华中医药杂志.2011,25(1)：83-86
[21]李合国.国医大师李振华教授从脾论治非酒精性脂肪肝经验[J]冲医研究.2011,24(7)：62-63
[22]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华眩晕治验举隅[J].中华中医药杂志.2010,25(10)：1596-1598
[23]刘绪银.健脾升清、滋肾平肝、活血散滞降血压一一国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之一[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(5)：22-23
[24]刘绪银.通窍活血利水治脑积水——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之二[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(4)：14-16
[25]刘绪银.化痰熄风、化瘀通窍治疗癫痫——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之五[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(19)：23
[26]刘绪银.通脉舒络治脑梗塞——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之六[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(20)：79
[27]刘绪银.化瘀利水、醒脑通窍治脑出血——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之七[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(21)：83
[28]刘绪银.益气活血、化痰通络治脑萎缩——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之八[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(22)：98
[29]陈永灿.国医大师何任治疗神志病经验拾零[J].中医药通报.2011,10(1)：15~16
[30]刘小斌,郑洪.国医大师临床经验实录——国医大师邓铁涛[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2011,15-16
[31]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华教授感冒治验举隅[J].中华中医药杂志.2010,25(5)：700-701
[32]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华教授益气活血法诊疗中风经验[J].中华中医药杂志.2012,27(3)：634-636
[33]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华胸痹诊疗经验举隅[J].新中医.2010,42(3)：108-109
[34]张正杰,李郑生.国医大师李振华教授治疗荨麻疹学术经验[J].中医研究.2011,24(11)： 56-58
[35]欧志穗.强肌健力饮治疗重症肌无力的临床研究[D].广州中医药大学：2005
[36]邓中炎,王宁生,严 灿等.健脑片的药效学研究[J].中药新药与临床药理.2000,11(1)： 17-19
[37]邓铁涛.跟名师学临床系列丛书——邓铁涛[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2010,205
[38]颜乾麟.国医大师临床经验实录——国医大师颜德馨[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.201l,116-117
[39]朱良春.国医大师临床经验实录——国医大师朱良春[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2011,138-153
[40]王松坡.国医大师临床经验实录——国医大师张镜人[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.20ll,32-36
[41]赵昕,王硕,齐文升,等.加味栀子大黄汤治疗热结血瘀型冠心病心绞痛80例临床观察[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2010,8(18)：163—164.
[42]司徒宝珍.罗陆一教授经方治疗冠心病经验[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2009,7(11)：18-20.
[43]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华胸痹诊疗举隅[J].新中医.2010,42(3)：108-109
[44]刘绪银.益心宽胸通痹治疗冠心病——国医大师张学文治疗心系疾病经验[J].新中医.2011,17(8)：1-3
[45]顾庆华,黄栋.枳实薤白桂枝汤加味治疗气滞痰阻型反流性食管炎临床观察[J].中国中医急症.2012,2l(1)：140-141
[46]胡永峰,肖海霞.半夏泻心汤加味治疗胃食管反流病100例[J].湖北中医杂志.2010,32(4)：61-62
[47]陈康远,刘晖,曾韵萍等.半夏泻心汤加味治疗反流性食管炎90例临床观察[J].新中医.2009,41(5)：24-26
[48]牟宇红.旋覆代赭汤加味治疗反流性食管炎的临床观察[J].辽宁中医杂志.2009,36(5)： 785-786
[49]刘迪,王敏.经方治疗急性荨麻疹两则[J].中国中医急症.2009,18(6)：1001
[50]赵有利,杨素清.王玉玺教授运用麻黄附子细辛汤治疗荨麻疹临证举隅[J].中医药学报.2010,38(2)：48-49
[51]刘迪、王敏.《伤寒论》经方治疗急慢性荨麻疹4例[J].中医研究.2009,22(2)：41-43
[52]秦颖.经方辨治小儿慢性荨麻疹体会[J].内蒙古中医药.2009,(6)：46-47
[53]李忻红,陈兴.《伤寒论》方在荨麻疹治疗中的应用[J].新中医.2009,41(10)：96-98
[54]李时珍.本草纲目(校点本)[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2004：53.
[55]柯雪帆,赵章忠,张玉萍,等.《伤寒论》和《金匾要略》中的药物剂量问题[J].上海中医药杂志,1983,12：36-38.
[56]卢嘉锡,丘光明.中国科学技术史·度量衡卷[M].北京：科学出版社,2001,217,231
[57]丁沛.从桂枝汤推测经方之剂量[J].中医杂志.2011,52(10)：892-894
[58]王晓燕.半夏泻心汤常用剂量与经方本源剂量的比较[J].河南中医.2011,31(9)：958-961
[59]仝小林,刘文科.论方药用量策略[J].中医杂志.2011,52(6)：469-470
[60]万晓刚.经方剂量研究：不宜过分强调计量之考[J].中国中医药报.2009.3.30
[61]马家驹,陈建国,陶有强.经方用药应以知为度[J].中国中医药报.2011.1.12
[62]王付.经方汤剂煎煮方法12种[J].中医药通报.2009,8(6)：12-13
[63]余秋平,韩佳瑞,焦拥政.论经方煎煮法中的量效关系[J].中医杂志.2012,53(3)：187-189
[64]韩美仙,傅延龄.芒硝在经方汤剂中的煎煮法浅析[J].天津中医药.2011,28(2)：140-14l
[65]王付.经方附子的煎煮与用量[J].中医杂志.2010,51(3)：283-284
[66]仝小林,穆兰澄,姬航宇等.《伤寒论》药物剂量考[J].中医杂志.2009,50(4)：368-372
[67]吴建红,李汉鑫.浅述经方应用的安全性[J].湖北中医学院学报.2010,12(6)：52-53
[68]刘立杰.张仲景运用甘草规律探析[J].辽宁中医杂志.2009,36(4)：536-537
[69]姬水英.浅议甘草在经方中的应用[J].陕西中医.2005,26(5)：454-456
[70]王付.《伤寒杂病论》方剂数探源[J].中医药通报.2007,6(2)：26-27
[7l]邱仕君.邓铁涛医案与研究[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2009：205
[72]王庆其.裘沛然辨治少阴病的经验[J].中国医药学报.1992,7(3)：36-38
[73]张永红.路志正论治痹证不忘脾胃[J].陕西中医2007,28(1)：84
[74]程先宽,韩振蕴,范吉平等,《伤寒杂病论》汤剂与3509首现代汤剂药味、用量比较[J].北京中医药大学学报,29(7)：445.447
[75]张灿玾.国医大师临床经验实录——张灿玾[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2011：24
[76]张灿玾.张灿玾医论医案纂要[M].北京：科学出版社,2009：288
[77]邓铁涛.跟名师学临床系列丛书——邓铁涛[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2010：217
[78]邓铁涛.跟名师学临床系列丛书——邓铁涛[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2010：114
[79]班秀文.跟名师学临床系列丛书——班秀文[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2010：398-400
[80]王松坡.国医大师临床经验实录——张镜人[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2011：359
[81]颜德馨.跟名师学临床系列丛书——颜德馨[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2010：142-145,156-157
[82]古风江,张少麟.张琪验案4则[J].中医杂志,1997,38(3)：148-149
[83]张灿玾.张灿玾医论医案纂要[M].北京：科学出版社,2009：288
[84]郭子光.心律失常的凭脉辨治[J].成都中医药大学学报1996,19(1)：8-13
[85]魏华,路洁,王秋风.路志正教授运用脏腑相关理论救治心脑血管病经验举要[J].中国中医急症,2006,15(12)：1369-1370
[86]朱良春.风心病证治初探[J].湖南中医学院学报,1985,1：18-2
[87]黄显达.任继学教授治急症验案二则[J].陕西中医.1985,5(12)：545-546.
[88]张灿玾.国医大师临床经验实录——张灿玾[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2011：8
[89]路志正,周新民,郎江南.扶阳抑阴法抢救尿毒症并发暴喘将脱二例报告[J].新中医,1986,(8)：40-41
[90]广东中医1959；(9)；396
[91]王庆其.裘沛然辨治少阴病的经验[J].中国医药学报,1992,7(3)：35-39
[92]《金匮》摭记(三)上海中医药杂志1984；<8>：18
[93]邓铁涛医案与研究,138
[94]高杜光,刘建设路志正教授运用经方治疗风湿类病经验[J].世界中西医结合杂志2006；1<3>：130-133
[95]邱志济等.朱良春治疗顽固便秘的廉验特色选析——著名老中医学家朱良春教授临床经验[J].辽宁中医杂志.2003,30(11)：867-868
[2]黄辉.秉承新安学风独创医学心机[J].中医药文化.2010,(1)：4-7
[3]王庆其,李孝刚,梁尚华等.读书苦乐有乘除[J].中医药文化.2009,(5)：4-7
[4]王京喜.国医大师贺普仁教授治学精神之领悟[J].中国针灸.2011,31(9)：843-845
[5]张璐砾,戴铭,员晓云.国医大师班秀文食疗特色探析
[6]杨美青,肖夏清,方刚.国医大师班秀文教授治疗崩漏经验总结[J].时珍国医国药.2011,22(6)：1485-1486
[7]范雁沙.国医大师何任治疗精神类疾病经验[J].中国中医药杂志.201l,26(1)：90-92
[8]陈雪楠.国医大师李辅仁治疗老年咳嗽用药特点[c].北京中医药大学.2011
[9]刘向哲.国医大师李振华教授从脾胃论治中风病经验[J].中华中医药杂志.2011,26(12)：2884-2886
[10]韩景辉.国医大师李振华心脾同治法治疗功能性室性早搏经验[J].中医研究.2011,24(6)：61-62
[11]张会永.国医大师李玉奇先生治疗消渴病临床经验[J].中华中医药杂志.2011,26(12)：2882-2884
[12]李小可.国医大师路志正调理脾胃法治疗胸痹经验发挥[J].中华中医药杂志.2012,27(1)：123-125
[13]李健颖,杨建宇.国医大师路志正治疗胸痹临床路径探讨[J].四川中医.2012,30(2)：6-7
[14]刘绪银.活血化痰熄风、益肾平肝降逆治梅尼埃综合征-一国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之三[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(17)：86
[15]刘绪银.清脑通络止偏头痛——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之四[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(18)：100
[16]潘洋,葛迎利,张琪.关于国医大师张琪治疗肝病的辩证经验总结[z].第二十一届全国中西医结合学会消化系统疾病学术会议：448-450
[17]梁光宇,王立范.国医大师张琪教授治疗痹证经验[J].中医学报.2011,25(156)：554-555
[18]朱佳,李朝娟,刘海燕.国医大师周仲瑛教授治疗外感咳嗽经验[J].中国中医药现代远程教育.2011,9(8)：10-11
[19]兰承祥,李柳.国医大师周仲瑛辨治癌症四则[J].中医药通报.2011,10(5)：11-13
[20]李艳.国医大师李济仁治疗慢性肾炎蛋白尿经验[J].中华中医药杂志.2011,25(1)：83-86
[21]李合国.国医大师李振华教授从脾论治非酒精性脂肪肝经验[J]冲医研究.2011,24(7)：62-63
[22]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华眩晕治验举隅[J].中华中医药杂志.2010,25(10)：1596-1598
[23]刘绪银.健脾升清、滋肾平肝、活血散滞降血压一一国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之一[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(5)：22-23
[24]刘绪银.通窍活血利水治脑积水——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之二[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(4)：14-16
[25]刘绪银.化痰熄风、化瘀通窍治疗癫痫——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之五[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(19)：23
[26]刘绪银.通脉舒络治脑梗塞——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之六[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(20)：79
[27]刘绪银.化瘀利水、醒脑通窍治脑出血——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之七[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(21)：83
[28]刘绪银.益气活血、化痰通络治脑萎缩——国医大师张学文治疗脑病经验之八[J].中医临床研究.2011,3(22)：98
[29]陈永灿.国医大师何任治疗神志病经验拾零[J].中医药通报.2011,10(1)：15~16
[30]刘小斌,郑洪.国医大师临床经验实录——国医大师邓铁涛[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2011,15-16
[31]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华教授感冒治验举隅[J].中华中医药杂志.2010,25(5)：700-701
[32]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华教授益气活血法诊疗中风经验[J].中华中医药杂志.2012,27(3)：634-636
[33]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华胸痹诊疗经验举隅[J].新中医.2010,42(3)：108-109
[34]张正杰,李郑生.国医大师李振华教授治疗荨麻疹学术经验[J].中医研究.2011,24(11)： 56-58
[35]欧志穗.强肌健力饮治疗重症肌无力的临床研究[D].广州中医药大学：2005
[36]邓中炎,王宁生,严 灿等.健脑片的药效学研究[J].中药新药与临床药理.2000,11(1)： 17-19
[37]邓铁涛.跟名师学临床系列丛书——邓铁涛[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2010,205
[38]颜乾麟.国医大师临床经验实录——国医大师颜德馨[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.201l,116-117
[39]朱良春.国医大师临床经验实录——国医大师朱良春[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2011,138-153
[40]王松坡.国医大师临床经验实录——国医大师张镜人[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.20ll,32-36
[41]赵昕,王硕,齐文升,等.加味栀子大黄汤治疗热结血瘀型冠心病心绞痛80例临床观察[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2010,8(18)：163—164.
[42]司徒宝珍.罗陆一教授经方治疗冠心病经验[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2009,7(11)：18-20.
[43]吴嘉瑞,张冰.国医大师颜正华胸痹诊疗举隅[J].新中医.2010,42(3)：108-109
[44]刘绪银.益心宽胸通痹治疗冠心病——国医大师张学文治疗心系疾病经验[J].新中医.2011,17(8)：1-3
[45]顾庆华,黄栋.枳实薤白桂枝汤加味治疗气滞痰阻型反流性食管炎临床观察[J].中国中医急症.2012,2l(1)：140-141
[46]胡永峰,肖海霞.半夏泻心汤加味治疗胃食管反流病100例[J].湖北中医杂志.2010,32(4)：61-62
[47]陈康远,刘晖,曾韵萍等.半夏泻心汤加味治疗反流性食管炎90例临床观察[J].新中医.2009,41(5)：24-26
[48]牟宇红.旋覆代赭汤加味治疗反流性食管炎的临床观察[J].辽宁中医杂志.2009,36(5)： 785-786
[49]刘迪,王敏.经方治疗急性荨麻疹两则[J].中国中医急症.2009,18(6)：1001
[50]赵有利,杨素清.王玉玺教授运用麻黄附子细辛汤治疗荨麻疹临证举隅[J].中医药学报.2010,38(2)：48-49
[51]刘迪、王敏.《伤寒论》经方治疗急慢性荨麻疹4例[J].中医研究.2009,22(2)：41-43
[52]秦颖.经方辨治小儿慢性荨麻疹体会[J].内蒙古中医药.2009,(6)：46-47
[53]李忻红,陈兴.《伤寒论》方在荨麻疹治疗中的应用[J].新中医.2009,41(10)：96-98
[54]李时珍.本草纲目(校点本)[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2004：53.
[55]柯雪帆,赵章忠,张玉萍,等.《伤寒论》和《金匾要略》中的药物剂量问题[J].上海中医药杂志,1983,12：36-38.
[56]卢嘉锡,丘光明.中国科学技术史·度量衡卷[M].北京：科学出版社,2001,217,231
[57]丁沛.从桂枝汤推测经方之剂量[J].中医杂志.2011,52(10)：892-894
[58]王晓燕.半夏泻心汤常用剂量与经方本源剂量的比较[J].河南中医.2011,31(9)：958-961
[59]仝小林,刘文科.论方药用量策略[J].中医杂志.2011,52(6)：469-470
[60]万晓刚.经方剂量研究：不宜过分强调计量之考[J].中国中医药报.2009.3.30
[61]马家驹,陈建国,陶有强.经方用药应以知为度[J].中国中医药报.2011.1.12
[62]王付.经方汤剂煎煮方法12种[J].中医药通报.2009,8(6)：12-13
[63]余秋平,韩佳瑞,焦拥政.论经方煎煮法中的量效关系[J].中医杂志.2012,53(3)：187-189
[64]韩美仙,傅延龄.芒硝在经方汤剂中的煎煮法浅析[J].天津中医药.2011,28(2)：140-14l
[65]王付.经方附子的煎煮与用量[J].中医杂志.2010,51(3)：283-284
[66]仝小林,穆兰澄,姬航宇等.《伤寒论》药物剂量考[J].中医杂志.2009,50(4)：368-372
[67]吴建红,李汉鑫.浅述经方应用的安全性[J].湖北中医学院学报.2010,12(6)：52-53
[68]刘立杰.张仲景运用甘草规律探析[J].辽宁中医杂志.2009,36(4)：536-537
[69]姬水英.浅议甘草在经方中的应用[J].陕西中医.2005,26(5)：454-456
[70]王付.《伤寒杂病论》方剂数探源[J].中医药通报.2007,6(2)：26-27
[7l]邱仕君.邓铁涛医案与研究[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2009：205
[72]王庆其.裘沛然辨治少阴病的经验[J].中国医药学报.1992,7(3)：36-38
[73]张永红.路志正论治痹证不忘脾胃[J].陕西中医2007,28(1)：84
[74]程先宽,韩振蕴,范吉平等,《伤寒杂病论》汤剂与3509首现代汤剂药味、用量比较[J].北京中医药大学学报,29(7)：445.447
[75]张灿玾.国医大师临床经验实录——张灿玾[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2011：24
[76]张灿玾.张灿玾医论医案纂要[M].北京：科学出版社,2009：288
[77]邓铁涛.跟名师学临床系列丛书——邓铁涛[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2010：217
[78]邓铁涛.跟名师学临床系列丛书——邓铁涛[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2010：114
[79]班秀文.跟名师学临床系列丛书——班秀文[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2010：398-400
[80]王松坡.国医大师临床经验实录——张镜人[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2011：359
[81]颜德馨.跟名师学临床系列丛书——颜德馨[M].北京.中国医药科技出版社,2010：142-145,156-157
[82]古风江,张少麟.张琪验案4则[J].中医杂志,1997,38(3)：148-149
[83]张灿玾.张灿玾医论医案纂要[M].北京：科学出版社,2009：288
[84]郭子光.心律失常的凭脉辨治[J].成都中医药大学学报1996,19(1)：8-13
[85]魏华,路洁,王秋风.路志正教授运用脏腑相关理论救治心脑血管病经验举要[J].中国中医急症,2006,15(12)：1369-1370
[86]朱良春.风心病证治初探[J].湖南中医学院学报,1985,1：18-2
[87]黄显达.任继学教授治急症验案二则[J].陕西中医.1985,5(12)：545-546.
[88]张灿玾.国医大师临床经验实录——张灿玾[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社.2011：8
[89]路志正,周新民,郎江南.扶阳抑阴法抢救尿毒症并发暴喘将脱二例报告[J].新中医,1986,(8)：40-41
[90]广东中医1959；(9)；396
[91]王庆其.裘沛然辨治少阴病的经验[J].中国医药学报,1992,7(3)：35-39
[92]《金匮》摭记(三)上海中医药杂志1984；<8>：18
[93]邓铁涛医案与研究,138
[94]高杜光,刘建设路志正教授运用经方治疗风湿类病经验[J].世界中西医结合杂志2006；1<3>：130-133
[95]邱志济等.朱良春治疗顽固便秘的廉验特色选析——著名老中医学家朱良春教授临床经验[J].辽宁中医杂志.2003,30(11)：867-868