Fe-Pt-Nd三元系合金相图及其磁性能研究
|
摘要
本文采用X射线衍射,差热分析,扫描电镜,电子探针微区成分分析和磁性测量等方法测定了Fe-Pt-Nd三元系合金相图900℃和500℃等温截面,研究了Nd_3Pt_4化合物的热稳定性和NdPt化合物的多形性转变以及Fe_(60.5-x)Pt_(39.5)Nd_x合金的结构和磁性。
Fe-Pt-Nd三元系合金相图900℃和500℃等温截面的研究结果表明:
Fe-Pt-Nd三元系合金相图900℃等温截面(Nd≤70%)由13个单相区,23个两相区和11个三相区组成。13个单相区:α(α-Fe),β(γ-(Fe,Pt)),γ(FePt),δ(FePt3),ε(Pt),ζ(NdPt5),η(NdPt3),θ(NdPt_2),ι(Nd_3Pt_4),κ(βNdPt),λ(Nd3Pt2),μ(Nd7Pt3),ν(Fe17Nd2)。23个两相区:α+β,β+γ,γ+δ,δ+ε,ε+ζ,ζ+η,η+θ,θ+ι,ι+κ,θ+κ,κ+λ,λ+μ,μ+ν,ν+α,ν+λ,α+λ,α+κ,α+θ,β+θ,γ+θ,γ+η,γ+ζ,δ+ζ。11个三相区:λ+μ+ν,α+ν+λ,α+κ+λ,α+θ+κ,θ+ι+κ,α+β+θ,β+γ+θ,γ+η+θ,γ+ζ+η,γ+δ+ζ,δ+ε+ζ。
Fe-Pt-Nd三元系合金相图500℃等温截面由13个单相区,23个两相区和11个三相区组成。13个单相区:α(α-Fe),β(Fe_3Pt),γ(FePt),δ(FePt_3),ε(Pt),ζ(NdPt_5),η(NdPt_3),θ(NdPt_2),ι(β-NdPt),κ(Nd_3Pt_2),λ(Nd_7Pt_3),μ(Nd),ν(Fe_(17)Nd_2)。23个两相区:α+β,β+γ,γ+δ,δ+ε,ε+ζ,ζ+η,η+θ,θ+ι,ι+κ,κ+λ,λ+μ,μ+ν,ν+α,ν+λ,ν+κ,α+κ,α+ι,α+θ,β+θ,γ+θ,γ+η,γ+ζ,δ+ζ。11个三相区:λ+μ+ν,λ+ν+κ,α+ν+κ,α+κ+ι,α+θ+ι,α+β+θ,β+γ+θ,γ+η+θ,γ+ζ+η,γ+δ+ζ,δ+ε+ζ。
Nd_3Pt_4的热稳定性研究结果表明:具有Pu3Pd4结构的Nd_3Pt_4化合物在300℃和900℃能够稳定存在,但是在一定温度范围内(大约345℃～860℃),Nd_3Pt_4会发生共析分解反应(Nd_3Pt_4→NdPt+NdPt_2),分解成其相邻的两相。这个共析分解反应是放热反应,其反应热要远远大于发生共析合成反应NdPt+NdPt_2→Nd_3Pt_4的反应热。
研究发现:在Nd42.9-xFexPt57.1和Nd42.9Pt57.1-xFex(x≤4)合金中,当Fe含量分别超过3 at.%Fe和2 at.%Fe时,Nd_3Pt_4相完全分解成βNdPt相和NdPt_2相。并且随着Fe含量的增加,Nd_3Pt_4的低温共析分解温度向低温移动,导致Nd_3Pt_4的稳定性降低。
X射线衍射,差热分析和M-T曲线测量证实:NdPt化合物的多形性转变(αNdPt (?)βNdPt)的温度大约在372℃,其中具有BCr结构的βNdPt化合物只在高温下才能生成,而具有BFe结构的αNdPt化合物只在低温下生成。
对Fe_(60.5)Pt_(39.5-x)Nd_x(x≤1.5)合金的微结构,无序-有序相转变和磁性能的研究表明:添加稀土Nd后,导致Fe_(60.5)Pt_(39.5)合金晶格常数增大,晶粒细化,稳定FCC相结构。经过1350℃均匀化后淬火至室温的样品,其从无序相到有序相的相转变温度随着Nd含量的增加而升高,而从有序相到无序相的相转变温度随着Nd含量的增加而降低;Fe_(60.5-x)Pt_(39.5)Nd_x(x≤1.5)合金的矫顽力和剩磁比随着稀土含量和退火时间的增加而提高,当Nd含量增加到0.5 at.%,退火时间为5小时时达到最大值,然后
The isothermal sections of the Fe-Pt-Nd phase diagram at 900℃and 500℃, the thermal stability of Nd3Pt4 compound,the polymorphic transformation of NdPt compound and the structure and magnetic properties of the Fe_(60.5)Pt_(39.5)Nd_x(x≤1.5) alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy(EDS) and magnetic measurement techniques in this paper.
The 900℃isothermal section of Fe-Pt-Nd system (Nd≤70%) consists of 13 single-phase regions (α(α-Fe),β(γ-(Fe, Pt)),γ(FePt),δ(FePt_3),ε(Pt),ζ(NdPt_5),η(NdPt_3),θ(NdPt_2),ι(Nd_3Pt_4),κ(βNdPt),λ(Nd_3Pt_2),μ(Nd_7Pt_3),ν(Fe_(17)Nd_2)), 23 two-phase regions (α+β,β+γ,γ+δ,δ+ε,ε+ζ,ζ+η,η+θ,θ+ι,ι+κ,θ+κ,κ+λ,λ+μ,μ+ν,ν+α,ν+λ,α+λ,α+κ,α+θ,β+θ,γ+θ,γ+η,γ+ζ,δ+ζ) and 11 three-phase regions (λ+μ+ν,α+ν+λ,α+κ+λ,α+θ+κ,θ+ι+κ,α+β+θ,β+γ+θ,γ+η+θ,γ+ζ+η,γ+δ+ζ,δ+ε+ζ).
The 500℃isothermal section of Fe-Pt-Nd system consists of 13 single-phase regions, 23 two-phase regions and 11 three-phase regions. 13 single-phase regions:α(α-Fe),β(Fe_3Pt),γ(FePt),δ(FePt_3),ε(Pt),ζ(NdPt_5),η(NdPt_3),θ(NdPt_2),ι(β-NdPt),κ(Nd_3Pt_2),λ(Nd7Pt3),μ(Nd),ν(Fe17Nd2). 23 two-phase regions:α+β,β+γ,γ+δ,δ+ε,ε+ζ,ζ+η,η+θ,θ+ι,ι+κ,κ+λ,λ+μ,μ+ν,ν+α,ν+λ,ν+κ,α+κ,α+ι,α+θ,β+θ,γ+θ,γ+η,γ+ζ,δ+ζ. 11 three-phase regions:λ+μ+ν,λ+ν+κ,α+ν+κ,α+κ+ι,α+θ+ι,α+β+θ,β+γ+θ,γ+η+θ,γ+ζ+η,γ+δ+ζ,δ+ε+ζ.
In the research of the thermal stability of Nd3Pt4 compound, it was found that the Nd3Pt4 compound with the Pu3Pd4 structure type is unstable over the temperature range of 345～860℃corresponding to the eutectoid decomposition reaction of Nd_3Pt_4→NdPt+NdPt_2 . The decomposition of Nd3Pt4 is an exothermic reaction, the heat of which is much larger than that in the composition reaction, NdPt+NdPt_2→Nd_3Pt_4, that is endothermic.
At 900℃, as for Nd_(42.9-x)Fe_xPt_(57.1) and Nd_(42.9)Pt_(57.1-x)Fe_x alloys, with increasing the Fe concentration, x, the Nd_3Pt_4 phase decomposes gradually into the two neighboring phasesβNdPt and NdPt_2, and nearly complete decomposition when x = 4 for Nd_(42.9-x)Fe_xPt_(57.1) and x = 3 for Nd_(42.9)Pt_(57.1-x)Fe_x, respectively; and the temperature at which the eutectoid decomposition reaction of the Nd_3Pt_4 initiates was found to shift slightly to lower temperature, which means the stability of the Nd_3Pt_4 steeply falls off.
By X-ray diffraction as well as differential thermal analysis and the measurements of M-T
Fe-Pt-Nd三元系合金相图900℃和500℃等温截面的研究结果表明:
Fe-Pt-Nd三元系合金相图900℃等温截面(Nd≤70%)由13个单相区,23个两相区和11个三相区组成。13个单相区:α(α-Fe),β(γ-(Fe,Pt)),γ(FePt),δ(FePt3),ε(Pt),ζ(NdPt5),η(NdPt3),θ(NdPt_2),ι(Nd_3Pt_4),κ(βNdPt),λ(Nd3Pt2),μ(Nd7Pt3),ν(Fe17Nd2)。23个两相区:α+β,β+γ,γ+δ,δ+ε,ε+ζ,ζ+η,η+θ,θ+ι,ι+κ,θ+κ,κ+λ,λ+μ,μ+ν,ν+α,ν+λ,α+λ,α+κ,α+θ,β+θ,γ+θ,γ+η,γ+ζ,δ+ζ。11个三相区:λ+μ+ν,α+ν+λ,α+κ+λ,α+θ+κ,θ+ι+κ,α+β+θ,β+γ+θ,γ+η+θ,γ+ζ+η,γ+δ+ζ,δ+ε+ζ。
Fe-Pt-Nd三元系合金相图500℃等温截面由13个单相区,23个两相区和11个三相区组成。13个单相区:α(α-Fe),β(Fe_3Pt),γ(FePt),δ(FePt_3),ε(Pt),ζ(NdPt_5),η(NdPt_3),θ(NdPt_2),ι(β-NdPt),κ(Nd_3Pt_2),λ(Nd_7Pt_3),μ(Nd),ν(Fe_(17)Nd_2)。23个两相区:α+β,β+γ,γ+δ,δ+ε,ε+ζ,ζ+η,η+θ,θ+ι,ι+κ,κ+λ,λ+μ,μ+ν,ν+α,ν+λ,ν+κ,α+κ,α+ι,α+θ,β+θ,γ+θ,γ+η,γ+ζ,δ+ζ。11个三相区:λ+μ+ν,λ+ν+κ,α+ν+κ,α+κ+ι,α+θ+ι,α+β+θ,β+γ+θ,γ+η+θ,γ+ζ+η,γ+δ+ζ,δ+ε+ζ。
Nd_3Pt_4的热稳定性研究结果表明:具有Pu3Pd4结构的Nd_3Pt_4化合物在300℃和900℃能够稳定存在,但是在一定温度范围内(大约345℃～860℃),Nd_3Pt_4会发生共析分解反应(Nd_3Pt_4→NdPt+NdPt_2),分解成其相邻的两相。这个共析分解反应是放热反应,其反应热要远远大于发生共析合成反应NdPt+NdPt_2→Nd_3Pt_4的反应热。
研究发现:在Nd42.9-xFexPt57.1和Nd42.9Pt57.1-xFex(x≤4)合金中,当Fe含量分别超过3 at.%Fe和2 at.%Fe时,Nd_3Pt_4相完全分解成βNdPt相和NdPt_2相。并且随着Fe含量的增加,Nd_3Pt_4的低温共析分解温度向低温移动,导致Nd_3Pt_4的稳定性降低。
X射线衍射,差热分析和M-T曲线测量证实:NdPt化合物的多形性转变(αNdPt (?)βNdPt)的温度大约在372℃,其中具有BCr结构的βNdPt化合物只在高温下才能生成,而具有BFe结构的αNdPt化合物只在低温下生成。
对Fe_(60.5)Pt_(39.5-x)Nd_x(x≤1.5)合金的微结构,无序-有序相转变和磁性能的研究表明:添加稀土Nd后,导致Fe_(60.5)Pt_(39.5)合金晶格常数增大,晶粒细化,稳定FCC相结构。经过1350℃均匀化后淬火至室温的样品,其从无序相到有序相的相转变温度随着Nd含量的增加而升高,而从有序相到无序相的相转变温度随着Nd含量的增加而降低;Fe_(60.5-x)Pt_(39.5)Nd_x(x≤1.5)合金的矫顽力和剩磁比随着稀土含量和退火时间的增加而提高,当Nd含量增加到0.5 at.%,退火时间为5小时时达到最大值,然后
The isothermal sections of the Fe-Pt-Nd phase diagram at 900℃and 500℃, the thermal stability of Nd3Pt4 compound,the polymorphic transformation of NdPt compound and the structure and magnetic properties of the Fe_(60.5)Pt_(39.5)Nd_x(x≤1.5) alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy(EDS) and magnetic measurement techniques in this paper.
The 900℃isothermal section of Fe-Pt-Nd system (Nd≤70%) consists of 13 single-phase regions (α(α-Fe),β(γ-(Fe, Pt)),γ(FePt),δ(FePt_3),ε(Pt),ζ(NdPt_5),η(NdPt_3),θ(NdPt_2),ι(Nd_3Pt_4),κ(βNdPt),λ(Nd_3Pt_2),μ(Nd_7Pt_3),ν(Fe_(17)Nd_2)), 23 two-phase regions (α+β,β+γ,γ+δ,δ+ε,ε+ζ,ζ+η,η+θ,θ+ι,ι+κ,θ+κ,κ+λ,λ+μ,μ+ν,ν+α,ν+λ,α+λ,α+κ,α+θ,β+θ,γ+θ,γ+η,γ+ζ,δ+ζ) and 11 three-phase regions (λ+μ+ν,α+ν+λ,α+κ+λ,α+θ+κ,θ+ι+κ,α+β+θ,β+γ+θ,γ+η+θ,γ+ζ+η,γ+δ+ζ,δ+ε+ζ).
The 500℃isothermal section of Fe-Pt-Nd system consists of 13 single-phase regions, 23 two-phase regions and 11 three-phase regions. 13 single-phase regions:α(α-Fe),β(Fe_3Pt),γ(FePt),δ(FePt_3),ε(Pt),ζ(NdPt_5),η(NdPt_3),θ(NdPt_2),ι(β-NdPt),κ(Nd_3Pt_2),λ(Nd7Pt3),μ(Nd),ν(Fe17Nd2). 23 two-phase regions:α+β,β+γ,γ+δ,δ+ε,ε+ζ,ζ+η,η+θ,θ+ι,ι+κ,κ+λ,λ+μ,μ+ν,ν+α,ν+λ,ν+κ,α+κ,α+ι,α+θ,β+θ,γ+θ,γ+η,γ+ζ,δ+ζ. 11 three-phase regions:λ+μ+ν,λ+ν+κ,α+ν+κ,α+κ+ι,α+θ+ι,α+β+θ,β+γ+θ,γ+η+θ,γ+ζ+η,γ+δ+ζ,δ+ε+ζ.
In the research of the thermal stability of Nd3Pt4 compound, it was found that the Nd3Pt4 compound with the Pu3Pd4 structure type is unstable over the temperature range of 345～860℃corresponding to the eutectoid decomposition reaction of Nd_3Pt_4→NdPt+NdPt_2 . The decomposition of Nd3Pt4 is an exothermic reaction, the heat of which is much larger than that in the composition reaction, NdPt+NdPt_2→Nd_3Pt_4, that is endothermic.
At 900℃, as for Nd_(42.9-x)Fe_xPt_(57.1) and Nd_(42.9)Pt_(57.1-x)Fe_x alloys, with increasing the Fe concentration, x, the Nd_3Pt_4 phase decomposes gradually into the two neighboring phasesβNdPt and NdPt_2, and nearly complete decomposition when x = 4 for Nd_(42.9-x)Fe_xPt_(57.1) and x = 3 for Nd_(42.9)Pt_(57.1-x)Fe_x, respectively; and the temperature at which the eutectoid decomposition reaction of the Nd_3Pt_4 initiates was found to shift slightly to lower temperature, which means the stability of the Nd_3Pt_4 steeply falls off.
By X-ray diffraction as well as differential thermal analysis and the measurements of M-T
引文
[1] E.Bruck, Q.F.Xiao, P.D.Thang, M.J.Toonen, F.R.de. Boe .K.H.J.Buschow. [J]. Physica B,300(2001)215 - 229.
[2] 启明摘自《日本应用磁气学会志》,21(1997)377-380.
[3] R.F.Sabiryanov, S.S.Jaswal. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater .177 -181(1998)989-990.
[4] O.A.Ivanov, L.V.Solina, V.A.Demshina, L.M.Magat. [J].Fiz. Metal. Metaloved. 35(1973)92.
[5] J.P.Liu. Y.Liu, C.P.Luo, Z.S.Shan, D.J. Sellmyer. [J]. J. Appl. Phys. 81(1997)5644.
[6] B.M.Lairson, M.R.Visokay, R.sinelair, B.M. Clemens. [J]. Appl. Phys. Lett. 62(1993)639.
[7]A.Cebollada, D.Weller, J.Sticht, G..R.harp, R.F.C. farrow, R.F.Marks, R.Savvoy, J.C.Scott. [J]. Phys. Rev. B.50(1994)3419.
[8] M.Watanabe, M.H.mma, Jan. [J]. J. Appl .Phys. (Part2).35(1996)L1264.
[9] Kneller.E.F, Hawig.R [J]. IEEE Trans Magn Magn. 27(1991)3588.
[10] P.D.Tang, E.Bruck, K.H.J.Buschow, F.R.de Boer. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater. 242- 245(2002)891-894.
[11] M.Hansen, [C]. Constitution of binary alloys, McGraw Hill publisher, New York, 1958, p.698.
[12] O.A.Ivanov,V.A.Demshina. [J]. Phys. Met. Metallog. 35(1973)81.
[13] L.Graf,A.Kussmann. Z.[J]. phys.36(1935)81.
[14] M.Fallot,[J].Ann Physik 10(1938)291.
[15] H.Lipson, D.Shoenberg,G.V.Stupart. [J]. J. Inst. Mat. 67(1941)333.
[16] A.Kussmann, G..Rittberg. [J]. Ann Physik. 7(1950)173.
[17] 王亦忠,张茂才,乔襗,韩宝善,张臻蓉,梁冰青,王荫君,沈保根. [J]. 稀有金属材料与工程. 31(2002)213-216.
[18] J.P.Liu, C.P.Luo, Y.Liu, D.J.Sellmyer. [J].Appl Phys Lett, 72(1998)483.
[19] Schref T, et al. [J].Phys Rev B. 49(1994)6100.
[20] Skomski .R, Coey .J .M .D . [J]. Phys.Rev.B48(1993)15812-15816.
[21] K.Watanabe. [J]. Mater.Trans. JIM. 32(1991)292.
[22] Y.Tanaka,N.Kimura,K.Hono,K.Yasuda, T. Sakurai. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater . 17(1997)289.
[23] Q.F.Xiao, P.D.Thang, E.Bruck, F.R.de Boer, K.H.J.Buschow. [J].Physica B, 300(2001) 215.
[24] Gendo.Oomi, Hiroyuki Araki. [J]. J Magn. Magn Mater. 140-144(1995)83-84.
[25] H. Y. Wang, X. K. Ma, Y. J. He, S. Mitani and M. Motokawa. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 85 (2004) 2304-2306.
[26] 王亦忠,张茂才,乔襗,王晶,王荫君,沈保根,胡伯平. [J].物理学报. 49 (2000) 1600-1605.
[27] N.H.Hai, N.M.Dempsey, M.Veron, Mverdier, D.Givord. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater. 257 (2003)139 –145.
[28] N.H.Hai, N.M.Dempsey, M.Veron, Mverdier, Givord. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater. 262(2003)353 –360.
[29] M.rajagopalan, Arthi kashyap, S.Auluck, G. kalpana. [J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds 240(1996)124-127.
[30] Chih-Ming Kuo, P.C. Kuo, Wei-Chih Hsu, Chao-Te Li, An-Cheng Sun. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater. 209(2000)100-102.
[31] S.C.Chen, P.C.Kuo, A.C.Sun, C.T.Lie, W.C.Hsu. [J]. Materials Science and Engineering B. 88(2002)91-97.
[32] Xiao-Hong Xu, Hai-Shun Wu, Xiao-Li Li, Fang Wang. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 90 (2005) 95-98.
[33] N.P. Barradas , E. Alves , D. Babonneau. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. 219–220 (2004) 919–922.
[34] Xiao-Hong Xu, Hai-Shun Wu, Xiao-Li Li, Fang Wang, Jing-Fang Duan. Physica B. 348 (2004) 436-439
[35] S.K.Chen, F.T.Yuan.,W.C.Chang, Tsung- Shune Chin. [J]. J. Magn .Magn. Mater. 39 (2002)471 –474.
[36] Y.Tanaka, K.Udoh, K.Hisatsune, T.Sakurai. [J]. Materials Science and Engineering A. 250(1998)164-168.
[37] Seong-Rae Lee, Sanghyun Yang, Young Keun Kim, Jong Gab Na. [J].Appl. Phys.Lett. 7(2001)4001-4003.
[38] P.T.L.Minh, N.D.Van, N.P.Thuy, L.T. Ngugen, J.C.Lodder. P.D.Thang, N.T.N. Chan. [J].Physica B . 327(2003)360 –365.
[39] T.Goto, J.Takahashi, M.Nakamura, T.Hirose, K. Watanabe, H.Yoshida. [J]. J. Magn .Magn. Mater. 226-230(2001)1656 -1658.
[40] Y.K.Takahashi, M.Ohnuma,K.Hono.[J]. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 246(2002)259-265.
[41] S.Wang, S.S.Kang,D.E.Nikles,J.W.Harrell, X.W.Wu. [J]. J. Magn .Magn. Mater. 266(2003)49-56.
[42] K.Sato, M.Fujiyoshi, M.Ishimaru, Y. Hirotsu. [J].Scripta Materialia 48(2003)921-927.
[43] O.Kitakami, Y.Shimada, K.Oikawa, H.Daimon,K.Fukamichi.[J].Appl.Phys.Lett. 8(2001)1104 -1106.
[44] Z.L. Zhao , J.S. Chen , J. Ding , K. Inaba , J.P. Wang. [J]. Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 282 (2004) 105–108.
[45] Z. L. Zhao, K. Inaba, Y. Ito, J. S. Chen, B. H. Liu, J. Ding, J. P. Wang. [J]. APPLIED PHYSICS. 95(2004)7154-7156.
[46] Y.F. Ding, J.S. Chen, E. Liu. Surface and Coating Technology. 198 (2005)270-273.
[47] Y.K. Takahashi , K. Hono. Scripta Materialia. 53 (2005) 403–409.
[48] Erik B. Svedberg, Jonathan J. Mallett, Alexander J. Shapiro, William F. Egelhoff, Jr., and Thomas Moffat. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 85(2004)1353-1355.
[49] Xiao-Hong Xu , Hai-Shun Wu, Fang Wang, Xiao-Li Li. Applied Surface Science. 233 (2004) 1–4.
[50] Z. L. Zhao, J. Ding, J. B. Yi, J. S. Chen, J. H. Zeng, J. P. Wang. [J]. APPLIED PHYSICS. 97, 10H502 (2005).
[51] 李宝河, 黄阀, 杨涛, 冯春, 翟中海, 朱逢吾. 物理学报. 第 54 卷 第 8 期 2005年 8 月.
[52] G.J.Chen,Y.H.Chang,J.H.Lai,Y.L.Chai. [J]. J.Magn.Magn.Mater. 239(2002)415 –417.
[53] F. T. Yuan, S. K. Chen, W. C. Chang, Lance Horng. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 85 (2004) 3163-3165.
[54] A. A. Kündig, N. Abe, M. Ohnuma, T. Ohkubo, H. Mamiya, and K. Hono. APPLIEDPHYSICS LETTERS. 85 (2004) 789-791.
[55] T.Massalsky (Eds.), Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1996.
[56] Kubaschewski, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1997, p1574-1575.
[57] K.H.J. Buschow, D.B. Demoow, and H.M.Van Noort, J. Less-Common Met., 125, 135 (1986).
[58] H.H. Stadelmaier, G. Schneider, M. Ellner, J. Less-Common Met. 115 (1986) L11.
[59] K.A. Gschneidner, Rare Earth Alloys, Van Nostrand, New York, 1961.
[60] K. Hennemann, H.L. Lukas, H.J. Schaller, Z.Metallkd. 84 (1993) 10.
[61] G.S. Schneider, F.J.G. Landgraf, F.P. Missel, J. Less-Common Met. 153 (1989) 169.
[62] F.J.G. Landgraf, G.S. Schneider, V. Villas-Boas, F.P. Missel, J. Less-Common Met. 163 (1990) 209.
[63] Moffatt, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.
[64] I.R.Harris, J. Less-Common Met, 14 (1968) 459-462.
[65] A. Palenzona, S. Cirafici, Thermochimica. Acta, 25 (1978) 252-256.
[66] Castets, A., Gignoux, D., Gomez-Sal, J.C. and Roudaut, E., Sol. Stat. Commun. 44, 1329(1982).
[67] W.Claus, G.Nolze, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Rudower Chaussee, Berlin, 2000.
[68] P.Villars, Pearson’s handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases, ASM, Materials Park, Ohio. 1997.
[1] 李树棠. 晶体 X 射线衍射学基础. 冶金工业出版社. 1990
[2] 范雄. 金属 X 射线学. 北京:机械工业出版社. 1998.5
[3] 余火昆. 材料结构分析基础. 北京:科学出版社. 2000.9
[4] 周玉,武高辉. 材料分析测试技术:材料 X 射线衍射与电子显微分析. 黑龙江:哈尔滨工业大学出版社. 1998.8
[5] 张国栋. 材料研究与测试方法. 北京:冶金工业出版社. 2001.5
[6] 常铁军,祁欣. 材料近代分析测试方法. 黑龙江:哈尔滨工业大学出版社. 1999.8
[7] 邱平善. 材料近代分析测试方法实验指导. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社. 2001
[8] (日)进藤等著,刘安生译. 材料评价的分析电子显微方法. 北京:冶金工业出版社. 2001
[1] T.Massalsky (Eds.), Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1996.
[2] Moffatt, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.
[3] Kubaschewski, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1997.
[4] P.Villars, Pearson’s handbook of Crystallographic Data. 1997.
[5] W.Claus,G.Nolze, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Rudower Chaussee, Berlin,2000.
[6] A. Palenzona, S. Cirafici, Thermochimica. Acta, 25 (1978) 252-256.
[7] H.H. Stadelmaier, G. Schneider, M. Ellner, J. Less-Common Met. 115 (1986) L11.
[8] K.A. Gschneidner, Rare Earth Alloys, Van Nostrand, New York, 1961.
[9] K. Hennemann, H.L. Lukas, H.J. Schaller, Z.Metallkd. 84 (1993) 10.
[10] G.S. Schneider, F.J.G. Landgraf, F.P. Missel, J. Less-Common Met. 153 (1989) 169.
[11] F.J.G. Landgraf, G.S. Schneider, V. Villas-Boas, F.P. Missel, J. Less-Common Met. 163 (1990) 209.
[12] J.M. Moreau, L. Paccard, J.D. Nozieres, F.P. Missell, G. Schneider and V.Villas-Boas, J. Less-Common Met. 163 (1990) 245
[13] J.F. Cannon, D.L. Robertson and H.T. Hall, Mater. Res. Bull. 7 (1972) 5
[1] Moffatt, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1997.
[2] P.Villars, Pearson’s Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases, ASM, Materials Park, Ohio. 1997.
[3] A. Palenzona, S. Cirafici, Thermochimica. Acta, 25 (1978) 252-256.
[4] A. Paienzona. J. Less-Common Met. 53 (1977) 133.
[5] Castets, A., Gignoux, D., Gomez-Sal, J.C. and Roudaut, E., Sol. Stat. Commun. 44, 1329(1982).
[1] T.J. Klemmer, N. Shukla, C. Liu, X.W. Wu, E.B. Svedberg, O.Mryasov, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 (2002) 2220.
[2] E. Brück, Q.F. Xiao, P.D. Thang, M.J. Toonen, F.R. de Boer, K.H.J.Buschow, Physica B 300 (2001) 215.
[3] T. Klemmer, D. Hoydick, H. Okumura, B. Zhang, W.A. Soffa, Src. Metall. Mater. 33 (1995) 1793.
[4] J.P. Liu, C.P. Luo, Y. Lin, D.J. Sellmyer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 (1998) 483.
[5] Y.K.Takahashi, M.Ohnuma,K.Hono. J..Magn.Magn. Mater.246(2002)259-265.
[6] Seong-Rae Lee, Sanghyun Yang, Young Keun Kim, Jong Gab Na. [J].Appl. Phys. Lett.,78(2001)4001-4003.
[7]T.Goto, J.Takahashi, M.Nakamura, T.Hirose, K.Watanabe, H.Yoshida. [J]. J.Magn .Magn. Mater.,226-230(2001)1656-1658.
[8] Y.K.Takahashi, M.Ohnuma,K.Hono.[J]. J..Magn.Magn. Mater.246(2002)259-265.
[9] Kneller E F, Hawig R .The Exchance-Spring Magnet:A New Material Principle for Permanent Magnets. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1991,27(4):3588-3600.
[10] 徐国富 . 稀土在贵金属铂及其合金中的作用和应用 . 稀有金属与硬质合金,1993,115:54-59
[11]刘书珍,王冰. 稀土对 Al-Mg-Si 系合金结构和性能的影响.稀土,1998,19(3):26-30
[12]宁远涛.贵金属与稀土金属的相互作用:(Ⅳ)Pt-RE 系.贵金属,2000,21(4):43-48
[13]Y.Tanaka, N Kimura, K Hono et al. Microstructures and magnetic properties of Fe-Pt permanent magnets. J Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1997,170:289-297
[14]Q F Xiao, E Bruck, Z D Zhang et al. Phase transformation and magnetic properties of bulk CoPt alloy. J Alloys and Compounds, 2004,364:64-71
[15] 任 静 , 顾 正 飞 , 成 钢 等 .Fe-Pt 纳 米 晶 永 磁 材 料 的 研 究 进 展 . 金 属 功 能 材料,2004,11(6):23-28
[16] Chen S.C., Kuo P.C., Kuo S.T. et al. Effects of Ti underlayer on the degree of order of Fe50Pt50 films. [J] Materials science and engineering 2003,B98: 244
[17] P. villas, L.D. Calvert, Pearson’s Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phase, vol.4, ASM Information, 1991.
[2] 启明摘自《日本应用磁气学会志》,21(1997)377-380.
[3] R.F.Sabiryanov, S.S.Jaswal. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater .177 -181(1998)989-990.
[4] O.A.Ivanov, L.V.Solina, V.A.Demshina, L.M.Magat. [J].Fiz. Metal. Metaloved. 35(1973)92.
[5] J.P.Liu. Y.Liu, C.P.Luo, Z.S.Shan, D.J. Sellmyer. [J]. J. Appl. Phys. 81(1997)5644.
[6] B.M.Lairson, M.R.Visokay, R.sinelair, B.M. Clemens. [J]. Appl. Phys. Lett. 62(1993)639.
[7]A.Cebollada, D.Weller, J.Sticht, G..R.harp, R.F.C. farrow, R.F.Marks, R.Savvoy, J.C.Scott. [J]. Phys. Rev. B.50(1994)3419.
[8] M.Watanabe, M.H.mma, Jan. [J]. J. Appl .Phys. (Part2).35(1996)L1264.
[9] Kneller.E.F, Hawig.R [J]. IEEE Trans Magn Magn. 27(1991)3588.
[10] P.D.Tang, E.Bruck, K.H.J.Buschow, F.R.de Boer. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater. 242- 245(2002)891-894.
[11] M.Hansen, [C]. Constitution of binary alloys, McGraw Hill publisher, New York, 1958, p.698.
[12] O.A.Ivanov,V.A.Demshina. [J]. Phys. Met. Metallog. 35(1973)81.
[13] L.Graf,A.Kussmann. Z.[J]. phys.36(1935)81.
[14] M.Fallot,[J].Ann Physik 10(1938)291.
[15] H.Lipson, D.Shoenberg,G.V.Stupart. [J]. J. Inst. Mat. 67(1941)333.
[16] A.Kussmann, G..Rittberg. [J]. Ann Physik. 7(1950)173.
[17] 王亦忠,张茂才,乔襗,韩宝善,张臻蓉,梁冰青,王荫君,沈保根. [J]. 稀有金属材料与工程. 31(2002)213-216.
[18] J.P.Liu, C.P.Luo, Y.Liu, D.J.Sellmyer. [J].Appl Phys Lett, 72(1998)483.
[19] Schref T, et al. [J].Phys Rev B. 49(1994)6100.
[20] Skomski .R, Coey .J .M .D . [J]. Phys.Rev.B48(1993)15812-15816.
[21] K.Watanabe. [J]. Mater.Trans. JIM. 32(1991)292.
[22] Y.Tanaka,N.Kimura,K.Hono,K.Yasuda, T. Sakurai. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater . 17(1997)289.
[23] Q.F.Xiao, P.D.Thang, E.Bruck, F.R.de Boer, K.H.J.Buschow. [J].Physica B, 300(2001) 215.
[24] Gendo.Oomi, Hiroyuki Araki. [J]. J Magn. Magn Mater. 140-144(1995)83-84.
[25] H. Y. Wang, X. K. Ma, Y. J. He, S. Mitani and M. Motokawa. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 85 (2004) 2304-2306.
[26] 王亦忠,张茂才,乔襗,王晶,王荫君,沈保根,胡伯平. [J].物理学报. 49 (2000) 1600-1605.
[27] N.H.Hai, N.M.Dempsey, M.Veron, Mverdier, D.Givord. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater. 257 (2003)139 –145.
[28] N.H.Hai, N.M.Dempsey, M.Veron, Mverdier, Givord. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater. 262(2003)353 –360.
[29] M.rajagopalan, Arthi kashyap, S.Auluck, G. kalpana. [J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds 240(1996)124-127.
[30] Chih-Ming Kuo, P.C. Kuo, Wei-Chih Hsu, Chao-Te Li, An-Cheng Sun. [J]. J Magn Magn Mater. 209(2000)100-102.
[31] S.C.Chen, P.C.Kuo, A.C.Sun, C.T.Lie, W.C.Hsu. [J]. Materials Science and Engineering B. 88(2002)91-97.
[32] Xiao-Hong Xu, Hai-Shun Wu, Xiao-Li Li, Fang Wang. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 90 (2005) 95-98.
[33] N.P. Barradas , E. Alves , D. Babonneau. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. 219–220 (2004) 919–922.
[34] Xiao-Hong Xu, Hai-Shun Wu, Xiao-Li Li, Fang Wang, Jing-Fang Duan. Physica B. 348 (2004) 436-439
[35] S.K.Chen, F.T.Yuan.,W.C.Chang, Tsung- Shune Chin. [J]. J. Magn .Magn. Mater. 39 (2002)471 –474.
[36] Y.Tanaka, K.Udoh, K.Hisatsune, T.Sakurai. [J]. Materials Science and Engineering A. 250(1998)164-168.
[37] Seong-Rae Lee, Sanghyun Yang, Young Keun Kim, Jong Gab Na. [J].Appl. Phys.Lett. 7(2001)4001-4003.
[38] P.T.L.Minh, N.D.Van, N.P.Thuy, L.T. Ngugen, J.C.Lodder. P.D.Thang, N.T.N. Chan. [J].Physica B . 327(2003)360 –365.
[39] T.Goto, J.Takahashi, M.Nakamura, T.Hirose, K. Watanabe, H.Yoshida. [J]. J. Magn .Magn. Mater. 226-230(2001)1656 -1658.
[40] Y.K.Takahashi, M.Ohnuma,K.Hono.[J]. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 246(2002)259-265.
[41] S.Wang, S.S.Kang,D.E.Nikles,J.W.Harrell, X.W.Wu. [J]. J. Magn .Magn. Mater. 266(2003)49-56.
[42] K.Sato, M.Fujiyoshi, M.Ishimaru, Y. Hirotsu. [J].Scripta Materialia 48(2003)921-927.
[43] O.Kitakami, Y.Shimada, K.Oikawa, H.Daimon,K.Fukamichi.[J].Appl.Phys.Lett. 8(2001)1104 -1106.
[44] Z.L. Zhao , J.S. Chen , J. Ding , K. Inaba , J.P. Wang. [J]. Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 282 (2004) 105–108.
[45] Z. L. Zhao, K. Inaba, Y. Ito, J. S. Chen, B. H. Liu, J. Ding, J. P. Wang. [J]. APPLIED PHYSICS. 95(2004)7154-7156.
[46] Y.F. Ding, J.S. Chen, E. Liu. Surface and Coating Technology. 198 (2005)270-273.
[47] Y.K. Takahashi , K. Hono. Scripta Materialia. 53 (2005) 403–409.
[48] Erik B. Svedberg, Jonathan J. Mallett, Alexander J. Shapiro, William F. Egelhoff, Jr., and Thomas Moffat. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 85(2004)1353-1355.
[49] Xiao-Hong Xu , Hai-Shun Wu, Fang Wang, Xiao-Li Li. Applied Surface Science. 233 (2004) 1–4.
[50] Z. L. Zhao, J. Ding, J. B. Yi, J. S. Chen, J. H. Zeng, J. P. Wang. [J]. APPLIED PHYSICS. 97, 10H502 (2005).
[51] 李宝河, 黄阀, 杨涛, 冯春, 翟中海, 朱逢吾. 物理学报. 第 54 卷 第 8 期 2005年 8 月.
[52] G.J.Chen,Y.H.Chang,J.H.Lai,Y.L.Chai. [J]. J.Magn.Magn.Mater. 239(2002)415 –417.
[53] F. T. Yuan, S. K. Chen, W. C. Chang, Lance Horng. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 85 (2004) 3163-3165.
[54] A. A. Kündig, N. Abe, M. Ohnuma, T. Ohkubo, H. Mamiya, and K. Hono. APPLIEDPHYSICS LETTERS. 85 (2004) 789-791.
[55] T.Massalsky (Eds.), Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1996.
[56] Kubaschewski, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1997, p1574-1575.
[57] K.H.J. Buschow, D.B. Demoow, and H.M.Van Noort, J. Less-Common Met., 125, 135 (1986).
[58] H.H. Stadelmaier, G. Schneider, M. Ellner, J. Less-Common Met. 115 (1986) L11.
[59] K.A. Gschneidner, Rare Earth Alloys, Van Nostrand, New York, 1961.
[60] K. Hennemann, H.L. Lukas, H.J. Schaller, Z.Metallkd. 84 (1993) 10.
[61] G.S. Schneider, F.J.G. Landgraf, F.P. Missel, J. Less-Common Met. 153 (1989) 169.
[62] F.J.G. Landgraf, G.S. Schneider, V. Villas-Boas, F.P. Missel, J. Less-Common Met. 163 (1990) 209.
[63] Moffatt, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.
[64] I.R.Harris, J. Less-Common Met, 14 (1968) 459-462.
[65] A. Palenzona, S. Cirafici, Thermochimica. Acta, 25 (1978) 252-256.
[66] Castets, A., Gignoux, D., Gomez-Sal, J.C. and Roudaut, E., Sol. Stat. Commun. 44, 1329(1982).
[67] W.Claus, G.Nolze, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Rudower Chaussee, Berlin, 2000.
[68] P.Villars, Pearson’s handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases, ASM, Materials Park, Ohio. 1997.
[1] 李树棠. 晶体 X 射线衍射学基础. 冶金工业出版社. 1990
[2] 范雄. 金属 X 射线学. 北京:机械工业出版社. 1998.5
[3] 余火昆. 材料结构分析基础. 北京:科学出版社. 2000.9
[4] 周玉,武高辉. 材料分析测试技术:材料 X 射线衍射与电子显微分析. 黑龙江:哈尔滨工业大学出版社. 1998.8
[5] 张国栋. 材料研究与测试方法. 北京:冶金工业出版社. 2001.5
[6] 常铁军,祁欣. 材料近代分析测试方法. 黑龙江:哈尔滨工业大学出版社. 1999.8
[7] 邱平善. 材料近代分析测试方法实验指导. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社. 2001
[8] (日)进藤等著,刘安生译. 材料评价的分析电子显微方法. 北京:冶金工业出版社. 2001
[1] T.Massalsky (Eds.), Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1996.
[2] Moffatt, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.
[3] Kubaschewski, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1997.
[4] P.Villars, Pearson’s handbook of Crystallographic Data. 1997.
[5] W.Claus,G.Nolze, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Rudower Chaussee, Berlin,2000.
[6] A. Palenzona, S. Cirafici, Thermochimica. Acta, 25 (1978) 252-256.
[7] H.H. Stadelmaier, G. Schneider, M. Ellner, J. Less-Common Met. 115 (1986) L11.
[8] K.A. Gschneidner, Rare Earth Alloys, Van Nostrand, New York, 1961.
[9] K. Hennemann, H.L. Lukas, H.J. Schaller, Z.Metallkd. 84 (1993) 10.
[10] G.S. Schneider, F.J.G. Landgraf, F.P. Missel, J. Less-Common Met. 153 (1989) 169.
[11] F.J.G. Landgraf, G.S. Schneider, V. Villas-Boas, F.P. Missel, J. Less-Common Met. 163 (1990) 209.
[12] J.M. Moreau, L. Paccard, J.D. Nozieres, F.P. Missell, G. Schneider and V.Villas-Boas, J. Less-Common Met. 163 (1990) 245
[13] J.F. Cannon, D.L. Robertson and H.T. Hall, Mater. Res. Bull. 7 (1972) 5
[1] Moffatt, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1997.
[2] P.Villars, Pearson’s Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases, ASM, Materials Park, Ohio. 1997.
[3] A. Palenzona, S. Cirafici, Thermochimica. Acta, 25 (1978) 252-256.
[4] A. Paienzona. J. Less-Common Met. 53 (1977) 133.
[5] Castets, A., Gignoux, D., Gomez-Sal, J.C. and Roudaut, E., Sol. Stat. Commun. 44, 1329(1982).
[1] T.J. Klemmer, N. Shukla, C. Liu, X.W. Wu, E.B. Svedberg, O.Mryasov, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 (2002) 2220.
[2] E. Brück, Q.F. Xiao, P.D. Thang, M.J. Toonen, F.R. de Boer, K.H.J.Buschow, Physica B 300 (2001) 215.
[3] T. Klemmer, D. Hoydick, H. Okumura, B. Zhang, W.A. Soffa, Src. Metall. Mater. 33 (1995) 1793.
[4] J.P. Liu, C.P. Luo, Y. Lin, D.J. Sellmyer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 (1998) 483.
[5] Y.K.Takahashi, M.Ohnuma,K.Hono. J..Magn.Magn. Mater.246(2002)259-265.
[6] Seong-Rae Lee, Sanghyun Yang, Young Keun Kim, Jong Gab Na. [J].Appl. Phys. Lett.,78(2001)4001-4003.
[7]T.Goto, J.Takahashi, M.Nakamura, T.Hirose, K.Watanabe, H.Yoshida. [J]. J.Magn .Magn. Mater.,226-230(2001)1656-1658.
[8] Y.K.Takahashi, M.Ohnuma,K.Hono.[J]. J..Magn.Magn. Mater.246(2002)259-265.
[9] Kneller E F, Hawig R .The Exchance-Spring Magnet:A New Material Principle for Permanent Magnets. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1991,27(4):3588-3600.
[10] 徐国富 . 稀土在贵金属铂及其合金中的作用和应用 . 稀有金属与硬质合金,1993,115:54-59
[11]刘书珍,王冰. 稀土对 Al-Mg-Si 系合金结构和性能的影响.稀土,1998,19(3):26-30
[12]宁远涛.贵金属与稀土金属的相互作用:(Ⅳ)Pt-RE 系.贵金属,2000,21(4):43-48
[13]Y.Tanaka, N Kimura, K Hono et al. Microstructures and magnetic properties of Fe-Pt permanent magnets. J Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1997,170:289-297
[14]Q F Xiao, E Bruck, Z D Zhang et al. Phase transformation and magnetic properties of bulk CoPt alloy. J Alloys and Compounds, 2004,364:64-71
[15] 任 静 , 顾 正 飞 , 成 钢 等 .Fe-Pt 纳 米 晶 永 磁 材 料 的 研 究 进 展 . 金 属 功 能 材料,2004,11(6):23-28
[16] Chen S.C., Kuo P.C., Kuo S.T. et al. Effects of Ti underlayer on the degree of order of Fe50Pt50 films. [J] Materials science and engineering 2003,B98: 244
[17] P. villas, L.D. Calvert, Pearson’s Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phase, vol.4, ASM Information, 1991.