500kV同杆多回线路雷电反击性能的研究
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摘要
为了适应我国经济高速发展对电力负荷增长的需要,电网建设不断往超高压、大容量的方向发展,不仅500kV电网已经成为我国的骨干网架,而且为了减少超高压输电线路走廊占地,采用同杆架设多回输电线路已成为超高压主干网架发展的必然趋势。因此,研究500kV同杆并架多回线路的耐雷性能,具有重要的科学意义和工程应用价值。
本文针对500kV同杆双回并架输电线路的防雷保护问题,采用Bergeron特征线法,建立适合双回同杆并架线路的防雷计算模型。此模型可以真实地反映雷电流在杆塔上的传播过程。通过编程对同杆双回交流500kV输电线路的反击耐雷性能进行了详细的计算和分析。考虑了感应过电压、工频电压等因素的影响,并针对雷击塔顶时,导线运行电压相位角的随机性,本文假定雷击出现于交流一周期的任一角度区间内的概率相等,利用统计法计算同杆双回线路的反击跳闸率。把计算结果与EMTP(电磁暂态计算程序)以及清华大学的计算数据进行比较,以确定其正确性和可行性。本文并对500kV同杆四回路进行了计算,通过分析得出了降低反击跳闸率及其危害的措施。
本文利用该程序,系统地研究了采用不平衡绝缘、改变相序和降低冲击接地电阻对提高线路防雷能力的影响。最后提出了合理的防雷保护措施,本文研究结果将为同类型的线路设计提供参考。
To adapt the need of power load for the quick development of economy, the development of power system is turning for the higher voltage and larger capacity direction. Using multiple -circuit transmission line is the developing tide for 500kV main configuration to reduce line holding ground. So it is important significance and applied value for 500kV multiple-circuit transmission line on same tower lightning protection performance designing.
The paper presents studies of the lightning performance of 500kV double-circuit. A numerical method has been developed to predict Back Flashover Rate based on Bergeron traveling wave method. It can truly reflect the spreading course of lightning current on the tower. This paper calculates and analyses the lightning protection performance of back striking for AC 500kV double-circuit transmission line by program in detail. Furthermore, considering the randomness of working voltage phase when lightning strokes the top tower and supposing the equal probability of lightning appearing arbitrary phase in a cycle of AC, this paper adopts the statistical method to calculate the rate of back stroking on double circuit line. Compared with the result of that of Qinghua University and EMTP (Electro-Magnetic Transient Program), the validity of the calculation program is approved. The paper presents the measures to reduce the rate of back stroking and their harm by the calculation program for the lightning protection performance of back striking for AC 500kV four-circuit transmission line on one tower.
With the calculation program, the effect of differential insulation and the phase arrangement of conduct and grounding resistance is discussed as measure to reduce double-circuit trip out rate in details. Finally, a proper lightning resisting measure is presented. These results will propose reference for the same type of transmission line.
Research on the Lightning Protection Performance of Back Striking for 500kV Multiple -circuit Transmission Line
本文针对500kV同杆双回并架输电线路的防雷保护问题,采用Bergeron特征线法,建立适合双回同杆并架线路的防雷计算模型。此模型可以真实地反映雷电流在杆塔上的传播过程。通过编程对同杆双回交流500kV输电线路的反击耐雷性能进行了详细的计算和分析。考虑了感应过电压、工频电压等因素的影响,并针对雷击塔顶时,导线运行电压相位角的随机性,本文假定雷击出现于交流一周期的任一角度区间内的概率相等,利用统计法计算同杆双回线路的反击跳闸率。把计算结果与EMTP(电磁暂态计算程序)以及清华大学的计算数据进行比较,以确定其正确性和可行性。本文并对500kV同杆四回路进行了计算,通过分析得出了降低反击跳闸率及其危害的措施。
本文利用该程序,系统地研究了采用不平衡绝缘、改变相序和降低冲击接地电阻对提高线路防雷能力的影响。最后提出了合理的防雷保护措施,本文研究结果将为同类型的线路设计提供参考。
To adapt the need of power load for the quick development of economy, the development of power system is turning for the higher voltage and larger capacity direction. Using multiple -circuit transmission line is the developing tide for 500kV main configuration to reduce line holding ground. So it is important significance and applied value for 500kV multiple-circuit transmission line on same tower lightning protection performance designing.
The paper presents studies of the lightning performance of 500kV double-circuit. A numerical method has been developed to predict Back Flashover Rate based on Bergeron traveling wave method. It can truly reflect the spreading course of lightning current on the tower. This paper calculates and analyses the lightning protection performance of back striking for AC 500kV double-circuit transmission line by program in detail. Furthermore, considering the randomness of working voltage phase when lightning strokes the top tower and supposing the equal probability of lightning appearing arbitrary phase in a cycle of AC, this paper adopts the statistical method to calculate the rate of back stroking on double circuit line. Compared with the result of that of Qinghua University and EMTP (Electro-Magnetic Transient Program), the validity of the calculation program is approved. The paper presents the measures to reduce the rate of back stroking and their harm by the calculation program for the lightning protection performance of back striking for AC 500kV four-circuit transmission line on one tower.
With the calculation program, the effect of differential insulation and the phase arrangement of conduct and grounding resistance is discussed as measure to reduce double-circuit trip out rate in details. Finally, a proper lightning resisting measure is presented. These results will propose reference for the same type of transmission line.
Research on the Lightning Protection Performance of Back Striking for 500kV Multiple -circuit Transmission Line
引文
[1] 邵建雄.三峡电站接入电力系统方式及探讨.高电压技术,1994,20(2):23~27
[2] 电力工业部武汉高压所.三峡电站远距离输电关键技术研究.1995.6~32
[3] 胡辉.500kV 双回同杆并架输电线路防雷特性研究:[清华大学硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学,1997.21~60
[4] 周泽存.高压和超高压输电线路防雷保护的现状和发展.高电压技术,1998(3):33~37
[5] 钱冠军.电线路雷击仿真模型.中国电机工程学报,1999,19(19):40~44
[6] H.拉里昂诺夫主编.电力系统绝缘与过电压(赵大智等译).北京:水利电力出版社,1994.55~67
[7] 吴璞三.雷电定位系统.高电压技术,1991,62(4):1~6
[8] 中华人民共和国电力行业标准(DL/T621-1997).交流电气装置的过电压和绝缘配合.中国:电力出版社,1998.
[9] 谷定燮.500kV 输变电工程设计中雷电过电压问题.高电压技术,2000,26(6):60~62
[10] 张纬钹.电力系统过电压及绝缘配合.北京:清华大学出版社,1988
[11] DOMMEL H W 著.电力系统电磁暂态计算理论.李永庄,林集明译.北京:水利电力出版社,1991
[12] 马仁明.电磁暂态过程计算程序 EMTP 简介.线路通讯.1993.1:79~84
[13] 解广润.电力系统过电压.北京:水利电力出版社.1985
[14] Chowdhuri P . Analysis of Lightning Induced Voltages on Overhead Lines.IEEE Transactions on PWRD.1989,4(1):479~492
[15] 梁曦东,陈昌渔,周远翔.高电压工程.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[16] 王志英.雷击输电线路杆塔时导线上的感应过电压计算.雷电和静电.1989.(2):1~3
[17] 魏旭.500kV 同杆架设线路感应电流的计算.华东电力,2000..8:7~10.
[18] 黄炜纲.高压直流架空输电线路的防雷性能.清华大学电机系技术报告.1988
[19] Yokoyama S.Calculation of induced voltages on overhead lines multiconductor systems .IEEE Transaction on PAS.1984.103(1):100~108
[20] Liew Ah Choy.A sensitive analysis of lightning performance calculations for transmission lines.IEEE Transaction on PAS.1971.90(4):1443~1450
[21] Rubinstein M.Measurements of the voltage induced on an overhead power line 20m from triggered lightning.IEEE Transaction on EMC.1994.36(2):134~140
[22] 谷定燮.伊冯线 500kV 同杆双回线段雷电性能研究.国家电力公司武汉高压研所(研究报告).1998
[23] 莫付江,陈允平,阮江军.输电电路杆塔模型与防雷性能计算研究.电网技术,2004,28(21):80~84
[24] 张颖,施围.输电线路防雷计算中的新杆塔模型.西安交通大学学报,2004,38(4):365~372
[25] Liew A.C., Darveniza M.Sensitivity Analysis of Lightning Performance Calculationsfor.TransmissionLines.IEEE.Trans.on.PA&S.1970,90:1441~1443
[26] Golde R H.雷电.北京:水利电力出版社,1983
[27] 黄炜纲.对线路防雷计算中绝缘闪络判据的研讨.中国电力.1999,(11):59~63
[28] 吴维韩,张芳榴.电力系统过电压数值计算.北京:科学出版社,1989
[29] 李福寿.电力系统过电压计算.北京:水利出版社,1988
[30] Hara Tetal.Equivalent distributed constant line model of a transmission tower. Proceedings on 8th international symposium on high voltage engineering, Yokohama.Japan.1993.349~352
[31] 李庆扬,易大义.数值分析.武汉:华中理工大学出版,1988
[32] 陈国庆.输电线路耐雷性能计算方法的研究现状分析.重庆大学校报,2003(5):141~142
[33] 张志劲.500kV 同杆双回输电线路耐雷性能研究:[重庆大学硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学,2003.9~22
[34] 能源部东部电力设计院.电力工程高压送电线路设计手册.北京:水利电力出版社,1991
[35] 黄炜纲.三峡同杆并架出线方案防雷性能初步计算结果(阶段报告).清华大学电机系技术报告.1998.10
[36] 易辉,崔江流.我国输电线路运行现状及防雷保护.高电压技术,2001,27(6):44~45
[37] 国家电力公司武汉高压研究所.三峡 500kV 同杆双回线路 4 种塔型雷电性能研究(阶段报告).1998.10
[38] Udo T.Spark over Characteristics of Large Gap Space and Long Insulation Springs.IEEE Trans. On PA&S.1964,83(5):471~483.
[39] 周东平.三峡电站 500kV 同杆并架出线防雷研究:[清华大学硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学,1998.10~17
[2] 电力工业部武汉高压所.三峡电站远距离输电关键技术研究.1995.6~32
[3] 胡辉.500kV 双回同杆并架输电线路防雷特性研究:[清华大学硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学,1997.21~60
[4] 周泽存.高压和超高压输电线路防雷保护的现状和发展.高电压技术,1998(3):33~37
[5] 钱冠军.电线路雷击仿真模型.中国电机工程学报,1999,19(19):40~44
[6] H.拉里昂诺夫主编.电力系统绝缘与过电压(赵大智等译).北京:水利电力出版社,1994.55~67
[7] 吴璞三.雷电定位系统.高电压技术,1991,62(4):1~6
[8] 中华人民共和国电力行业标准(DL/T621-1997).交流电气装置的过电压和绝缘配合.中国:电力出版社,1998.
[9] 谷定燮.500kV 输变电工程设计中雷电过电压问题.高电压技术,2000,26(6):60~62
[10] 张纬钹.电力系统过电压及绝缘配合.北京:清华大学出版社,1988
[11] DOMMEL H W 著.电力系统电磁暂态计算理论.李永庄,林集明译.北京:水利电力出版社,1991
[12] 马仁明.电磁暂态过程计算程序 EMTP 简介.线路通讯.1993.1:79~84
[13] 解广润.电力系统过电压.北京:水利电力出版社.1985
[14] Chowdhuri P . Analysis of Lightning Induced Voltages on Overhead Lines.IEEE Transactions on PWRD.1989,4(1):479~492
[15] 梁曦东,陈昌渔,周远翔.高电压工程.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[16] 王志英.雷击输电线路杆塔时导线上的感应过电压计算.雷电和静电.1989.(2):1~3
[17] 魏旭.500kV 同杆架设线路感应电流的计算.华东电力,2000..8:7~10.
[18] 黄炜纲.高压直流架空输电线路的防雷性能.清华大学电机系技术报告.1988
[19] Yokoyama S.Calculation of induced voltages on overhead lines multiconductor systems .IEEE Transaction on PAS.1984.103(1):100~108
[20] Liew Ah Choy.A sensitive analysis of lightning performance calculations for transmission lines.IEEE Transaction on PAS.1971.90(4):1443~1450
[21] Rubinstein M.Measurements of the voltage induced on an overhead power line 20m from triggered lightning.IEEE Transaction on EMC.1994.36(2):134~140
[22] 谷定燮.伊冯线 500kV 同杆双回线段雷电性能研究.国家电力公司武汉高压研所(研究报告).1998
[23] 莫付江,陈允平,阮江军.输电电路杆塔模型与防雷性能计算研究.电网技术,2004,28(21):80~84
[24] 张颖,施围.输电线路防雷计算中的新杆塔模型.西安交通大学学报,2004,38(4):365~372
[25] Liew A.C., Darveniza M.Sensitivity Analysis of Lightning Performance Calculationsfor.TransmissionLines.IEEE.Trans.on.PA&S.1970,90:1441~1443
[26] Golde R H.雷电.北京:水利电力出版社,1983
[27] 黄炜纲.对线路防雷计算中绝缘闪络判据的研讨.中国电力.1999,(11):59~63
[28] 吴维韩,张芳榴.电力系统过电压数值计算.北京:科学出版社,1989
[29] 李福寿.电力系统过电压计算.北京:水利出版社,1988
[30] Hara Tetal.Equivalent distributed constant line model of a transmission tower. Proceedings on 8th international symposium on high voltage engineering, Yokohama.Japan.1993.349~352
[31] 李庆扬,易大义.数值分析.武汉:华中理工大学出版,1988
[32] 陈国庆.输电线路耐雷性能计算方法的研究现状分析.重庆大学校报,2003(5):141~142
[33] 张志劲.500kV 同杆双回输电线路耐雷性能研究:[重庆大学硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学,2003.9~22
[34] 能源部东部电力设计院.电力工程高压送电线路设计手册.北京:水利电力出版社,1991
[35] 黄炜纲.三峡同杆并架出线方案防雷性能初步计算结果(阶段报告).清华大学电机系技术报告.1998.10
[36] 易辉,崔江流.我国输电线路运行现状及防雷保护.高电压技术,2001,27(6):44~45
[37] 国家电力公司武汉高压研究所.三峡 500kV 同杆双回线路 4 种塔型雷电性能研究(阶段报告).1998.10
[38] Udo T.Spark over Characteristics of Large Gap Space and Long Insulation Springs.IEEE Trans. On PA&S.1964,83(5):471~483.
[39] 周东平.三峡电站 500kV 同杆并架出线防雷研究:[清华大学硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学,1998.10~17