新管幕法竖井施工过程分析研究与实践
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摘要
随着我国城市化的不断深入,地铁建设规模迅速扩大,遇到的周边环境越来越复杂,面临的问题越来越多,环境保护的要求也越来越高,这些都对地铁工程设计方法和施工技术提出了更高的要求。我们在建设地铁过程中,要不断借鉴、吸收和转化国外的先进可靠的技术及经验,以服务于国内的地铁建设。新管幕法是一种由国外引进的新型地铁暗挖工法,竖井则是新管幕法地铁车站的重要组成部分,对其施工过程进行分析研究及实践总结是推广应用这种新型工法的必要前提。
本文在归纳、总结了新管幕法竖井受力变形及设计计算方法等的基础上,以某新管幕法竖井工程为例,概括论述了竖井设计施工的主要内容,分析了施工监测数据,运用FLAC3D模拟了竖井开挖及支撑和顶管施工全过程,对比分析了施工监测数据与理论计算结果。主要研究内容及取得的成果如下：
基于新管幕法竖井受力变形计算分析理论的归纳与分析,提出了适合新管幕法竖井设计的土压力分布模式,对其设计计算和变形计算方法进行了探索性总结和论述；通过新管幕法竖井设计施工工法的论述和施工监测数据的分析,研究了其设计施工的主要特点和关键环节,得到了竖井支护结构及周边土体等施工监测对象随施工过程的变化趋势；根据数值分析及其与施工监测数据的对比分析结果,得出了竖井施工过程引起支护结构及周边土体的变形较小、顶管过程对不同位置的支护结构及周边土体受力变形影响的方式和程度不同以及顶管反力墙稳定性问题主要出现在前三层顶管过程中等结论。
With the deepening of urbanization, metro construction is rapidly expanding, the surrounding environment has become increasingly complex, the problem are also more and more, the demand protecting the environment improve gradually, which propose higher requirements for the design and the construction technology of the metro project. In the process of metro construction, to learn and absorb from foreign experience, transform the foreign advanced technology and reliable experience to contribute to metro construction of the country. The new tubular roof method is a new metro construction method imported from abroad, the working well is an important part, the research and practice summary for construction process is the necessary prerequisite to promote the application of this methods.
Based on the summary of the calculation method for deformation and design, then, a new metro station project of new tubular roof method as the example, the basic situation of methods of construction of the working well was introduced and the results of construction monitoring were analyzed, FLAC3D was used to simulate the whole process which includes excavation, applying internal bracing and pipe jacking, the results of simulation were comparative analysised with the construction monitoring data. The main contents and results achieved are as follows:
The earth pressure distribution pattern for the working well of new tubular roof method was described, the methods of design and deformation calculation were summaried and discussed preliminary. Through the dissertation for construction method and the analysis of the construction monitoring data, the main features and key links of design and construction were studied, variation characteristics of the retaining structure, the surrounding soil and other objects by monitoring during construction process were summed up. Deformation of the retaining structure and the surrounding soil was small which occurred during construction process, the way and degree of the deformation effects for the retaining structure and surrounding soil from pipe jacking process were different, the stability problems of reaction wall occurred mainly during the first three top pipe jacking process and so on.
本文在归纳、总结了新管幕法竖井受力变形及设计计算方法等的基础上,以某新管幕法竖井工程为例,概括论述了竖井设计施工的主要内容,分析了施工监测数据,运用FLAC3D模拟了竖井开挖及支撑和顶管施工全过程,对比分析了施工监测数据与理论计算结果。主要研究内容及取得的成果如下：
基于新管幕法竖井受力变形计算分析理论的归纳与分析,提出了适合新管幕法竖井设计的土压力分布模式,对其设计计算和变形计算方法进行了探索性总结和论述；通过新管幕法竖井设计施工工法的论述和施工监测数据的分析,研究了其设计施工的主要特点和关键环节,得到了竖井支护结构及周边土体等施工监测对象随施工过程的变化趋势；根据数值分析及其与施工监测数据的对比分析结果,得出了竖井施工过程引起支护结构及周边土体的变形较小、顶管过程对不同位置的支护结构及周边土体受力变形影响的方式和程度不同以及顶管反力墙稳定性问题主要出现在前三层顶管过程中等结论。
With the deepening of urbanization, metro construction is rapidly expanding, the surrounding environment has become increasingly complex, the problem are also more and more, the demand protecting the environment improve gradually, which propose higher requirements for the design and the construction technology of the metro project. In the process of metro construction, to learn and absorb from foreign experience, transform the foreign advanced technology and reliable experience to contribute to metro construction of the country. The new tubular roof method is a new metro construction method imported from abroad, the working well is an important part, the research and practice summary for construction process is the necessary prerequisite to promote the application of this methods.
Based on the summary of the calculation method for deformation and design, then, a new metro station project of new tubular roof method as the example, the basic situation of methods of construction of the working well was introduced and the results of construction monitoring were analyzed, FLAC3D was used to simulate the whole process which includes excavation, applying internal bracing and pipe jacking, the results of simulation were comparative analysised with the construction monitoring data. The main contents and results achieved are as follows:
The earth pressure distribution pattern for the working well of new tubular roof method was described, the methods of design and deformation calculation were summaried and discussed preliminary. Through the dissertation for construction method and the analysis of the construction monitoring data, the main features and key links of design and construction were studied, variation characteristics of the retaining structure, the surrounding soil and other objects by monitoring during construction process were summed up. Deformation of the retaining structure and the surrounding soil was small which occurred during construction process, the way and degree of the deformation effects for the retaining structure and surrounding soil from pipe jacking process were different, the stability problems of reaction wall occurred mainly during the first three top pipe jacking process and so on.
引文
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[3]Park, Innjoon, Kim. Jeongyoon, Yu, Kwangho, Kwak, Changwon, Kim, K. G.2005. The underground drainage system using New Tubular Roof method[R]. ITA-AITES 2005.
[4]王庆,潘志刚.基坑支护结构类型及选型原则综述[J].西部探矿工程,2005,(05)：7～8.
[5]李耀良,基坑工程施工技术[R].土木工程学会地下工程施工技术讲座,2001上海.
[6]郝小苏.深基坑支护施工技术[D].西南交通大学,2003：46～55.
[7]史佩栋.日本SMW工法地下连续墙[J].地基基础工程,1995,Vol.5(1)：59～65.
[8]刘建航,侯学渊.基坑工程手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1999：26～35.
[9]夏明耀等.施工阶段和顶进阶段的内力计算与设计[J].同济大学学报,1989,17(1)：11～20.
[10]魏纲,徐日庆,宋金良.SMW工法圆形工作井土体反力计算方法的研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2005,39(1)：98～102.
[11]陈春来,魏纲,陈华辉.矩形SMW工法工作井土体反力计算方法的研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(4)：769～773.
[12]龚慈,魏纲,徐日庆.顶管施工中矩形沉井工作井允许反力的计算[J].岩土力学,2005,17(1)：1127～1131.
[13]毛海和.顶管矩形工作井复合式后背墙反力分布研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(6)：1212～1216.
[14]魏丽敏,向远华,陈果元等.顶管工程工作井位移与土抗力分析[J].岩土力学,2009,30(8)：2397～2402.
[15]贺桂成,丁德馨.顶管工作井围护开挖过程的FLAC3D模拟[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版),2008,22(3)：15～20.
[16]闫治国,朱合华.顶管同步顶进工作井稳定性三维数值分析[J].岩土工程 学报,2005,27(8)：891～896.
[17]陈涛,刘爽等.新管幕法工作井H型钢桩护坡施工技术[J].施工技术,2010,13(11)：65～68.
[18]Peck R. B. Deep Excavations and Tunneling in soft ground[R].7th ICSMFE, state-of-the-art volume 1969.
[19]Clough, G. W, Duncen. Finite Element Analysis of Retaining Wall Behaviour[J]. ASCE, V01.97, SM.12,1971.
[20]Mana A I, Clough G W. Predication of movement for brace cuts in clay[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE,1981, 107(GT6):759～778.
[21]Chan D H, Morgenstern N R. Analysis of progressive deformation of the monton Convention Centre Excavation[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1987,24:430～440.
[22]侯学渊,陈永福.深基坑开挖引起地基土沉陷的计算[J].岩土工程师,1989,1(1)：35～40.
[23]徐方京,侯学渊.基坑回弹性状分析与预估[M].首届全国岩土工程博士学术讨论会论文集,1990,56～70.
[24]高俊合,赵维炳,周成.考虑固结、土—结构相互作用的基坑开挖有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(5)：628～630.
[25]刘长文,陈怿凡,李旭东.考虑空间效应的深基坑周围地表沉降分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2000.19(2)：145～147.
[26]赵海燕,黄金枝.深基坑支护结构变形的三维有限元分析与模拟[J].上海交通大学学报,2001,35(4)：610～613.
[27]杨庆年,郑俊杰等.邻近高架桥的深基坑开挖三维数值模拟[J].华中科技大学学报,2010,38(6)：120～123.
[28]刘兴旺,施祖元等.基坑支护结构全过程内力及变形分析[J].建筑结构学报,1998,19(5)：58～64.
[29]冯虹,杨敏等.基坑围护结构的计算模型及计算方法[J].地基基础,2000,3：40～43.
[30]杨小平,杨位洗等.基于弹性半空间理论的基坑支护结构内力与变形分析方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(6)：1007～1009.
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