山东省高师体育教育专业体操必修课教学现状及对策
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摘要
高师体育教育专业是培养中学专职体育师资的母机,其培养目标是:培养面向世界、面向未来、面向现代化,适应现代化建设和基础教育改革与发展的实际需要,德智体全面发展,专业基础宽厚,具有现代教育观念、良好的科学素养和职业道德以及具有创新精神和实际能力,能从事学校体育与健康的教学、训练、竞赛工作,能从事科研、管理以及社会体育指导等工作的一专多能的体育专业复合型人才。培养的学生是未来学校体育教育改革的具体操作者、新课程标准的实施者,也是社会体育的倡导者和组织者。体操课程是体育教育专业主干课程之一,同时也是中学体育教材体系中的主要教材,体育教育专业毕业生所掌握的体操知识和技能,直接影响着中学体育教学的实施。但目前许多体育系的体操教学存在轻健身指导、忽视学生心理感受和个性发展及能力的培养等问题,使学生出现了学习内动力不足、被动应付练习和考试,考试过后,便束之高阁的现象。同时,现在的体育教育专业体操教学内容也存在与中学实际脱离的现象,造成了各级学校开展体操运动较为冷落的局面。以上研究表明,现行的高师体育教育专业体操教学内容与教学模式已不能适应当前我国体育教育发展的需要,改革势在必行。
本文采用文献研究、问卷调查、专家访谈、数理统计法等多种方法,对山东省高师体育教育专业体操必修课教学现状做了细致的调查。了解到山东高师院校体育教育专业的体操教师、教学场地及体操必修课教学与考核等现状,分析了不足之处。并提出了可行的对策措施。得出如下结论:
1)山东省高师体操教师的年龄结构呈现两头小中间大的形式分布,青年和老教师人数较少,中年教师人数比例较高。女教师比例偏低,一半的学校没有女体操教师。
2)山东省高师体操教师的学历偏低,68.3%教师只有本科和专科学历。但教师学历的总体趋势是:专科和本科学历所占的比例逐渐降低,研究生学历呈现逐年上升的势头。教师的职称结构比例相对合理。
3)山东省高师院校中有1/3的院校,体操场地设施不能满足新教材的教学要求。
4)100%的院校无实用性体操的教学设施,因而没开设新教材要求的实用性体操内容。
5)调查结果显示,山东省高师体操必修课部分教师教学理念较为陈旧,亟待更新;教学方法与考核形式较为单一。
Physical education specialty in normal colleges is the foundation of training full-time P. E. teachers for middle school. Its objects focus on the training of inter-disciplinary P. E. talents that are worldward, looking into the future and modernization, suitable for the practical needs of modernization drive and the reform and development of basic education, that have a deep specialty foundation, the modern educational ideas, excellent scientific quality and professional ethics, innovative spirit and practical capacity and that are able to undertake the teaching, training and competition of P. E. and the scientific research, the management and instruction of society P. E. The trained students are practical operators of the future reform of P.E., the executors of the new standard of course, the promoters and organizers of society P.E. Gymnastic course is one of the main courses for physical education specialty, and meanwhile, it is also the main textbook in the textbook system of middle school. The knowledge and skill mastered by the graduate of physical education specialty can directly influence the implementation of P.E. teaching in middle school. But, nowadays, the gymnastic teaching in many P.E. departments neglects the instruction of health education, the students' inner feeling and the nurture of character development and capability, which leads to some negative phenomena such as the lack of inner incentive to study, dealing with exercises and exams passively and never exercise after exam. On the other hand, some current contents of gymnastic teaching of physical education specialty separate from the reality of school, causing the bad situation of launching gymnastics in schools to all levels which indicates that the teaching content and mode of physical education specialty in normal colleges cannot meet the need of the development of . physical education, thus, the reform is imperative.
This thesis makes a detailed investigation of the current teaching situation of compulsory gymnastics course of college physical education specialty in Shandong Province through document research, questionnaire survey, expert interviews, statistics and other methods available. From the investigation, we learn about the current situation of gymnastics teachers, teaching fields, the teaching and examining of compulsory gymnastics course and analyze the deficiency and propose the feasible measures. The conclusions have been drawn as follows:
1) The structure of age of the gymnastic teachers in normal colleges of Shandong Province forms in the following way: the quantity of young and elderly teachers is small, the proportion of the middle-aged is high; the proportion of women teachers is too low and half of the colleges have no women teacher.
2) The diploma of gymnastic teachers is low and 68.3% only have the diploma of undergraduate and college education. However, the diploma of teachers has such incline: the proportion of undergraduate and college education comes to decrease and graduate is increasing every year. The structure of teachers' professional title is comparably reasonable.
3) The gymnastic field and equipment of 1/3 colleges cannot meet the teaching needs of the new teaching material.
4) All colleges have no applied gymnastic teaching equipment as well as the required gymnastic content.
5) The result of the investigation shows that part of the related teachers still remain old ideas of teaching that need to be changed and the ways of teaching and examining are single.
本文采用文献研究、问卷调查、专家访谈、数理统计法等多种方法,对山东省高师体育教育专业体操必修课教学现状做了细致的调查。了解到山东高师院校体育教育专业的体操教师、教学场地及体操必修课教学与考核等现状,分析了不足之处。并提出了可行的对策措施。得出如下结论:
1)山东省高师体操教师的年龄结构呈现两头小中间大的形式分布,青年和老教师人数较少,中年教师人数比例较高。女教师比例偏低,一半的学校没有女体操教师。
2)山东省高师体操教师的学历偏低,68.3%教师只有本科和专科学历。但教师学历的总体趋势是:专科和本科学历所占的比例逐渐降低,研究生学历呈现逐年上升的势头。教师的职称结构比例相对合理。
3)山东省高师院校中有1/3的院校,体操场地设施不能满足新教材的教学要求。
4)100%的院校无实用性体操的教学设施,因而没开设新教材要求的实用性体操内容。
5)调查结果显示,山东省高师体操必修课部分教师教学理念较为陈旧,亟待更新;教学方法与考核形式较为单一。
Physical education specialty in normal colleges is the foundation of training full-time P. E. teachers for middle school. Its objects focus on the training of inter-disciplinary P. E. talents that are worldward, looking into the future and modernization, suitable for the practical needs of modernization drive and the reform and development of basic education, that have a deep specialty foundation, the modern educational ideas, excellent scientific quality and professional ethics, innovative spirit and practical capacity and that are able to undertake the teaching, training and competition of P. E. and the scientific research, the management and instruction of society P. E. The trained students are practical operators of the future reform of P.E., the executors of the new standard of course, the promoters and organizers of society P.E. Gymnastic course is one of the main courses for physical education specialty, and meanwhile, it is also the main textbook in the textbook system of middle school. The knowledge and skill mastered by the graduate of physical education specialty can directly influence the implementation of P.E. teaching in middle school. But, nowadays, the gymnastic teaching in many P.E. departments neglects the instruction of health education, the students' inner feeling and the nurture of character development and capability, which leads to some negative phenomena such as the lack of inner incentive to study, dealing with exercises and exams passively and never exercise after exam. On the other hand, some current contents of gymnastic teaching of physical education specialty separate from the reality of school, causing the bad situation of launching gymnastics in schools to all levels which indicates that the teaching content and mode of physical education specialty in normal colleges cannot meet the need of the development of . physical education, thus, the reform is imperative.
This thesis makes a detailed investigation of the current teaching situation of compulsory gymnastics course of college physical education specialty in Shandong Province through document research, questionnaire survey, expert interviews, statistics and other methods available. From the investigation, we learn about the current situation of gymnastics teachers, teaching fields, the teaching and examining of compulsory gymnastics course and analyze the deficiency and propose the feasible measures. The conclusions have been drawn as follows:
1) The structure of age of the gymnastic teachers in normal colleges of Shandong Province forms in the following way: the quantity of young and elderly teachers is small, the proportion of the middle-aged is high; the proportion of women teachers is too low and half of the colleges have no women teacher.
2) The diploma of gymnastic teachers is low and 68.3% only have the diploma of undergraduate and college education. However, the diploma of teachers has such incline: the proportion of undergraduate and college education comes to decrease and graduate is increasing every year. The structure of teachers' professional title is comparably reasonable.
3) The gymnastic field and equipment of 1/3 colleges cannot meet the teaching needs of the new teaching material.
4) All colleges have no applied gymnastic teaching equipment as well as the required gymnastic content.
5) The result of the investigation shows that part of the related teachers still remain old ideas of teaching that need to be changed and the ways of teaching and examining are single.
引文
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[7]刘志清.体育教育专业体操课程教学内容的改革与创新[J].雁北师范学院学报,2003,19(6):24-26.
[8]刘建国,范秦海,李德甫,等.在体育教学中培养学生创新精神与实践能力的研究[J].中国体育科技,2001,37(11):21-23.
[9]丛伟.基本体操教学改革的实验研究[J].大连大学学报,1997,(4):29-32.
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[12]杨刚,高发民体育教育专业体操课教法改革与发展研究[J].山东体育科技,2004,26(102):78-81.
[13]滕建宇.试论高校体育专业学生体操教学能力的培养[J].玉林师范学院学报(自然科学),2001,22(3):132-134.
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