水雨情测报系统中心站研究与实现
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摘要
设计水雨情自动测报系统,实现水雨情信息的自动测报,能够实时掌握水库降雨量的时空分布以及水雨情的发展趋势,提高洪水预报的科学性、准确性、及时性,提高水库的防洪预报应对能力,满足水库防洪调度的需要;同时,可以提高水库现代化管理水平,提高水库的工作效率,为决策部门的决策提供科学依据。
水雨情自动测报系统主要由水文遥测站和中心站两部分组成。
水文遥测站自动采集雨量、水位、温度、湿度等实时数据,并采用GPRS/SMS通信方式,通过电信部门已建的移动通信网络,将数据传送到中心站。
中心站数据接收/监控系统将接收到的原始数据精心排错、分类,并建立水雨情数据库保存。中心站建立小型计算机网络,连接中心站数据接收/监控系统,为洪水预报、水情信息查询、水文资料整编等业务提供原始和实时水文信息。
本论文设计实现了鹤地水库的水雨情自动测报系统中心站,主要从三层结构的意义上进行设计。
第一层为水雨情信息发布系统,负责信息发布和用户交互。并对通信层发出操作指令,动态读写数据库(第二层)。
第二层是水雨情测报系统数据库。负责记录所有水雨情数据,中心站参数,下位机终端参数,日志等。
第三层通信程序层,即通信层设计,主要负责与下位机的通信服务,记录所有水雨情数据及日志信息等,可划分为三个子模块。1.水雨情信息发布系统与通信层服务程序的接口程序,命名为Webcom程序,使用UDP Socket作为连接通道。2.通信服务程序,命名为Water程序,接收Webcom程序发来的指令并执行控制无线数传终端操作,监听GPRS数据端口以接收水雨情数据并写入数据库。3.一个专用调试信息显示程序,命名为Print程序,显示调试信息,其采用控制台直接信息显示与Socket接收信息显示相结合。
最后,论述了系统各层次之间的融合与协调。
To design a hydrology automatic measuring and forecasting system,and to realize that hydrology information is intelligently measured and forecast automatically, can put reservoir's real-time spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall and hydrology conditions of the development trend under control,make flood forecasting more scientific,accuracy,timeliness,increase the reservoir's flood control forecast ability,and meet the needs of reservoir flood control.At the same time,modern management can increase the level of the reservoir and improve the efficiency of the reservoir,and provide a scientific basis for decision-making of decision-making departments.
Hydrology automatic measuring and forecasting system mainly constructed with two parts,and they are hydrological telemetry station and central station.
Hydrological telemetry station automatically acquire the data of rainfall,water level,temperature,humidity,and other real-time data,and using GPRS/SMS means of communication,through the construction of the mobile communication network built by the telecommunications sector,transmit data to the central station.
Central station's data reception/monitoring system will receive the raw data carefully with debugging,classification,and then save them in hydrological database.Central Station establish a small computer network,connecting the central station's data reception/monitoring system,provide the original hydrological information for business such as flood forecasting,hydrological information, hydrological data integration and so on..
This paper designed to achieve the central station of Hedi reservoir hydrology automatic measuring and forecasting system,mainly designed from the in the sense of three-tier structure.
The first tier is named hydrology information forcasting system,which is responsible for information dissemination and user interaction.It will send operating instructions to the bottom communication tier,and dynamicly read and write database (second tier).
The second tire is hydrological system database,which is responsible for recording all the hydrology data,the central station parameters,the lower remote terminal's parameters,logs etc.
The third tire is Communications programme tire,which is the communications tire design,and is mainly responsible for the lower remote terminal's communications services,and the record of all hydrological information,such as hydrological data and log information.This tire can be divided into three sub-module.1.The interface program connecting from hydrology information forcasting system to the bottom service,named Webcom procedures,using UDP Socket as a link.2.Communications service program,named Water,this procedure is programmed to receive command from Webcom procedure and then send operations to control the implementation of wireless digital terminal,monitoring GPRS data ports to receive hydrology data and save them into the database.3.A dedicated debugging information display program, named Print program,it is used to show debugging information,by the means of combination of console information directly display and Socket_received information shows.
Finally,all tires' integration and coordination in the system is designed and discussed.
水雨情自动测报系统主要由水文遥测站和中心站两部分组成。
水文遥测站自动采集雨量、水位、温度、湿度等实时数据,并采用GPRS/SMS通信方式,通过电信部门已建的移动通信网络,将数据传送到中心站。
中心站数据接收/监控系统将接收到的原始数据精心排错、分类,并建立水雨情数据库保存。中心站建立小型计算机网络,连接中心站数据接收/监控系统,为洪水预报、水情信息查询、水文资料整编等业务提供原始和实时水文信息。
本论文设计实现了鹤地水库的水雨情自动测报系统中心站,主要从三层结构的意义上进行设计。
第一层为水雨情信息发布系统,负责信息发布和用户交互。并对通信层发出操作指令,动态读写数据库(第二层)。
第二层是水雨情测报系统数据库。负责记录所有水雨情数据,中心站参数,下位机终端参数,日志等。
第三层通信程序层,即通信层设计,主要负责与下位机的通信服务,记录所有水雨情数据及日志信息等,可划分为三个子模块。1.水雨情信息发布系统与通信层服务程序的接口程序,命名为Webcom程序,使用UDP Socket作为连接通道。2.通信服务程序,命名为Water程序,接收Webcom程序发来的指令并执行控制无线数传终端操作,监听GPRS数据端口以接收水雨情数据并写入数据库。3.一个专用调试信息显示程序,命名为Print程序,显示调试信息,其采用控制台直接信息显示与Socket接收信息显示相结合。
最后,论述了系统各层次之间的融合与协调。
To design a hydrology automatic measuring and forecasting system,and to realize that hydrology information is intelligently measured and forecast automatically, can put reservoir's real-time spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall and hydrology conditions of the development trend under control,make flood forecasting more scientific,accuracy,timeliness,increase the reservoir's flood control forecast ability,and meet the needs of reservoir flood control.At the same time,modern management can increase the level of the reservoir and improve the efficiency of the reservoir,and provide a scientific basis for decision-making of decision-making departments.
Hydrology automatic measuring and forecasting system mainly constructed with two parts,and they are hydrological telemetry station and central station.
Hydrological telemetry station automatically acquire the data of rainfall,water level,temperature,humidity,and other real-time data,and using GPRS/SMS means of communication,through the construction of the mobile communication network built by the telecommunications sector,transmit data to the central station.
Central station's data reception/monitoring system will receive the raw data carefully with debugging,classification,and then save them in hydrological database.Central Station establish a small computer network,connecting the central station's data reception/monitoring system,provide the original hydrological information for business such as flood forecasting,hydrological information, hydrological data integration and so on..
This paper designed to achieve the central station of Hedi reservoir hydrology automatic measuring and forecasting system,mainly designed from the in the sense of three-tier structure.
The first tier is named hydrology information forcasting system,which is responsible for information dissemination and user interaction.It will send operating instructions to the bottom communication tier,and dynamicly read and write database (second tier).
The second tire is hydrological system database,which is responsible for recording all the hydrology data,the central station parameters,the lower remote terminal's parameters,logs etc.
The third tire is Communications programme tire,which is the communications tire design,and is mainly responsible for the lower remote terminal's communications services,and the record of all hydrological information,such as hydrological data and log information.This tire can be divided into three sub-module.1.The interface program connecting from hydrology information forcasting system to the bottom service,named Webcom procedures,using UDP Socket as a link.2.Communications service program,named Water,this procedure is programmed to receive command from Webcom procedure and then send operations to control the implementation of wireless digital terminal,monitoring GPRS data ports to receive hydrology data and save them into the database.3.A dedicated debugging information display program, named Print program,it is used to show debugging information,by the means of combination of console information directly display and Socket_received information shows.
Finally,all tires' integration and coordination in the system is designed and discussed.
引文
[1]莫林玉,褚明洲.北京市雨水情自动测报系统设计要点概述[J].广东水利水电2007年6月:74-77.
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[3]Meyer,Michael L.Huey,Greg M.Telemetric system for hydrology and water quality monitoring in watersheds of northern New Mexico,USA[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,v 116,n 1-3,May,2006:9-19
[4]Elprama,R.Janssen,A.M.J.;Mijssen,J.P.J.;Van Orden,R.G.J.;Van Tol,A.F.Monitoring and hydrological control system for the Slufter[J].Bulletin of the Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses,n 65,Apr-Jun,1989,p 148-154
[5]武晓明,陈占英.GPRS在水情自动测报系统中的应用[J]东北水利水电.2006年第6期:40-42.
[6]阮博.基于GPRS/GSM技术的水文遥测系统应用概述[J].水文.第27卷第4期2007年8月:69-70.
[7]王俊,周新春,程海云.自动测报系统中水文情报预报系统设计[J].人民长江,1996.8,Vol.27No.8:30-31.
[8]郑霖.水文自动测报系统中心机软件构造方案和实现[J]桂林电子工业学院学报,1997.12:1-5
[9]Krejcik,J.Krejci,V.;Musilova,S.;Stransky,D.Rainfall data monitoring and application for urban hydrology in the Czech Republic[J].Water Science and Technology,v 37,n 11,1998,p 91-96
[10]任泰明.TCP/IP协议与网络编程[M],西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.4.
[11]罗军舟,黎波涛,杨明,吴俊,黄健.TCP/IP协议及网络编程技术[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2005.8.
[12]Mathew Nangle.Illustrated TCP/IP[M],John Wiley & Sons.1998.5
[13]Brian w.kemighan rob pike.The Practice of Programming/程序设计实践(英文版)[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002.4.
[14]张秀玉.SQL Server数据库程序设计[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2007.2
[15]过琦华.用C语言编制自动测报系统中心站主机软件[J].水利水文自动化.1992.3:17-20.
[16]李现勇.Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实践[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.7.
[17]肖文鹏.为Linux应用构造有限状态机[J],http://www.ibm.com/developerworks /cn/linux/l-fsmachine/index.html,2004.10
[18]吕捷.GPRS技术[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社.2001.8.
[19]McGuiggan,Peter.Gprs in Practice[M].John Wiley & Sons Inc,2005,8.
[20]Halonen,Timo Romero,Javier Melero,Juan.Gsm,Gprs and Edge Performance[M].John Wiley & Sons Inc,2005.7.
[21]周宜军,张业春,陈丹.GPRS技术在水情信息传输中的应用[J].水利水文自动化,2007.9:42-44.
[22]博嘉科技.Visual C++6.0/Internet Programming Instance网络编程实作教程[M].北京,北京希望电子出版社,2001.6
[23]Delleur,J.W.Expert systems in hydrology[J].Computer Methods in Water Resources Ⅱ,1991,p 119-133
[24]Luchetta,A.Manetti,S.A real time hydrological forecasting system using a fuzzy clustering approach[J].Computers and Geosciences,v 29,n 9,November,2003,p 1111-1117
[25]伍哲.尼尔基水利枢纽水情自动测报系统[D]吉林:吉林大学.2005.
[26]刘瑞红,郝春明,牛大庆.黄河实时水雨情数据库开发技术探讨[J].人民黄河.1997.11:39-41.
[27]邵学强.基于水利广域网的实时水雨情数据库系统的设计与初步实现[A].第二届全国水力学与水利信息学学术大会论文集[C].2005:191-194.
[28]靳瑾,赵新生,李钦隆,王红卫,许岩.水情自动测报系统数据处理软件开发模式比较[J]科技信息(学术研究)2007年27期:302-303.
[29]姜哲.基于J2EE的水情自动测报系统设计与实现[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[30]李长江,张淑清,刘春成.基于组件的水情测报系统软件设计[J].水电站机电技术.2004.3:41-42.
[31]James,Wesley P.Bhaskar,Nageshwar R.Devulapalli,Ravikumar S.Hydrologic parameter estimation using geographic information system[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management,v 118,n 5,Sep-Oct,1992,p 492-512
[32]姜新海,盛东,刘华梅,谢国琴,薛传伟,张保,王玉萍.奎屯河流域水库群水情自动化测报系统[J].石河子大学学报.2005年4月:229-232.
[33]彭湘晖,刘文斌,郑艳辉.“国家防汛指挥系统工程实时水雨情数据库”浅析[J].水利大地.2002/08.
[34]Baltas,E.A.Gkikas,A.M.;Mimikou,M.A.An integrated system for management and processing of hydrogeological data[J].World Water and Environmental Resources Congress,2003,p 2081-2089
[35]Jeong,Seongeun.Liang,Yao;Liang,Xu.Design of an integrated data retrieval,analysis,and visualization system:Application in the hydrology domain[J].Environmental Modelling and Software,v 21,n 12,December,2006,p 1722-1740
[36]张新祥.大型水利工程水雨情管理信息系统设计方案[J].成都大学学报(自然科学 版).1997年12月:22-27.
[37]罗映,皮佑国,邓荣.基于网络的水雨情信息系统开发[J].水利水电技术第37卷2006年第9期:73-75.
[38]王顺长,邱启勇,曾长清.江西省遥测水雨情信息服务系统构架[J].中国防汛抗早2007年第2期(2007年4月):49-52.
[39]徐晓莉,胡春.自动站中心站系统介绍[J].四川气象.2005年第3期:45-46
[40]蒋晓炜,孙荣久.水情测报系统中B/S结构查询系统的设计与实现[J].电力系统自动化2001.2:67-68.
[41]Cabal,A.Edich,M.Design,development and implementation of hydrological data base management system for the purpose of real-time flood forecasting[J].4 Int Conf Hydraul Eng Soitware HYDROSOFT/92,1992,p 395-406
[42]Charley,William.Pabst,Art;Peters,John.Hydrologic modeling system(HEC-HMS):design and development issues[J].Congress on Computing in Civil Engineering,Proceedings,v1,1995,p 131-138
[43]Benson,C.H.Bosscher,P.J.;Lane,D.T.;Pliska,R.J.Monitoring system for hydrologic evaluation of landfill covers[J].Geotechnical Testing Journal,v 17,n 2,Jun,1994,p 138-149
[2]陈伟刚.黄栗树水库防洪调度水情自动测报系统[J].安徽水利水电职业技术学院学报.2005年6月:41-43.
[3]Meyer,Michael L.Huey,Greg M.Telemetric system for hydrology and water quality monitoring in watersheds of northern New Mexico,USA[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,v 116,n 1-3,May,2006:9-19
[4]Elprama,R.Janssen,A.M.J.;Mijssen,J.P.J.;Van Orden,R.G.J.;Van Tol,A.F.Monitoring and hydrological control system for the Slufter[J].Bulletin of the Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses,n 65,Apr-Jun,1989,p 148-154
[5]武晓明,陈占英.GPRS在水情自动测报系统中的应用[J]东北水利水电.2006年第6期:40-42.
[6]阮博.基于GPRS/GSM技术的水文遥测系统应用概述[J].水文.第27卷第4期2007年8月:69-70.
[7]王俊,周新春,程海云.自动测报系统中水文情报预报系统设计[J].人民长江,1996.8,Vol.27No.8:30-31.
[8]郑霖.水文自动测报系统中心机软件构造方案和实现[J]桂林电子工业学院学报,1997.12:1-5
[9]Krejcik,J.Krejci,V.;Musilova,S.;Stransky,D.Rainfall data monitoring and application for urban hydrology in the Czech Republic[J].Water Science and Technology,v 37,n 11,1998,p 91-96
[10]任泰明.TCP/IP协议与网络编程[M],西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.4.
[11]罗军舟,黎波涛,杨明,吴俊,黄健.TCP/IP协议及网络编程技术[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2005.8.
[12]Mathew Nangle.Illustrated TCP/IP[M],John Wiley & Sons.1998.5
[13]Brian w.kemighan rob pike.The Practice of Programming/程序设计实践(英文版)[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002.4.
[14]张秀玉.SQL Server数据库程序设计[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2007.2
[15]过琦华.用C语言编制自动测报系统中心站主机软件[J].水利水文自动化.1992.3:17-20.
[16]李现勇.Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实践[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.7.
[17]肖文鹏.为Linux应用构造有限状态机[J],http://www.ibm.com/developerworks /cn/linux/l-fsmachine/index.html,2004.10
[18]吕捷.GPRS技术[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社.2001.8.
[19]McGuiggan,Peter.Gprs in Practice[M].John Wiley & Sons Inc,2005,8.
[20]Halonen,Timo Romero,Javier Melero,Juan.Gsm,Gprs and Edge Performance[M].John Wiley & Sons Inc,2005.7.
[21]周宜军,张业春,陈丹.GPRS技术在水情信息传输中的应用[J].水利水文自动化,2007.9:42-44.
[22]博嘉科技.Visual C++6.0/Internet Programming Instance网络编程实作教程[M].北京,北京希望电子出版社,2001.6
[23]Delleur,J.W.Expert systems in hydrology[J].Computer Methods in Water Resources Ⅱ,1991,p 119-133
[24]Luchetta,A.Manetti,S.A real time hydrological forecasting system using a fuzzy clustering approach[J].Computers and Geosciences,v 29,n 9,November,2003,p 1111-1117
[25]伍哲.尼尔基水利枢纽水情自动测报系统[D]吉林:吉林大学.2005.
[26]刘瑞红,郝春明,牛大庆.黄河实时水雨情数据库开发技术探讨[J].人民黄河.1997.11:39-41.
[27]邵学强.基于水利广域网的实时水雨情数据库系统的设计与初步实现[A].第二届全国水力学与水利信息学学术大会论文集[C].2005:191-194.
[28]靳瑾,赵新生,李钦隆,王红卫,许岩.水情自动测报系统数据处理软件开发模式比较[J]科技信息(学术研究)2007年27期:302-303.
[29]姜哲.基于J2EE的水情自动测报系统设计与实现[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[30]李长江,张淑清,刘春成.基于组件的水情测报系统软件设计[J].水电站机电技术.2004.3:41-42.
[31]James,Wesley P.Bhaskar,Nageshwar R.Devulapalli,Ravikumar S.Hydrologic parameter estimation using geographic information system[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management,v 118,n 5,Sep-Oct,1992,p 492-512
[32]姜新海,盛东,刘华梅,谢国琴,薛传伟,张保,王玉萍.奎屯河流域水库群水情自动化测报系统[J].石河子大学学报.2005年4月:229-232.
[33]彭湘晖,刘文斌,郑艳辉.“国家防汛指挥系统工程实时水雨情数据库”浅析[J].水利大地.2002/08.
[34]Baltas,E.A.Gkikas,A.M.;Mimikou,M.A.An integrated system for management and processing of hydrogeological data[J].World Water and Environmental Resources Congress,2003,p 2081-2089
[35]Jeong,Seongeun.Liang,Yao;Liang,Xu.Design of an integrated data retrieval,analysis,and visualization system:Application in the hydrology domain[J].Environmental Modelling and Software,v 21,n 12,December,2006,p 1722-1740
[36]张新祥.大型水利工程水雨情管理信息系统设计方案[J].成都大学学报(自然科学 版).1997年12月:22-27.
[37]罗映,皮佑国,邓荣.基于网络的水雨情信息系统开发[J].水利水电技术第37卷2006年第9期:73-75.
[38]王顺长,邱启勇,曾长清.江西省遥测水雨情信息服务系统构架[J].中国防汛抗早2007年第2期(2007年4月):49-52.
[39]徐晓莉,胡春.自动站中心站系统介绍[J].四川气象.2005年第3期:45-46
[40]蒋晓炜,孙荣久.水情测报系统中B/S结构查询系统的设计与实现[J].电力系统自动化2001.2:67-68.
[41]Cabal,A.Edich,M.Design,development and implementation of hydrological data base management system for the purpose of real-time flood forecasting[J].4 Int Conf Hydraul Eng Soitware HYDROSOFT/92,1992,p 395-406
[42]Charley,William.Pabst,Art;Peters,John.Hydrologic modeling system(HEC-HMS):design and development issues[J].Congress on Computing in Civil Engineering,Proceedings,v1,1995,p 131-138
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