基于GPRS的无线抄表终端系统的研究与实现
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摘要
电能计量是现代电力营销系统中的一个重要环节。传统的电量抄读及结算是依靠人工定期到现场抄取数据,存在效率低、成本高、无法监控等问题,在实时性、准确性和应用性等方面也存在诸多不足之处,已经无法满足现代化城市的需要。将现代通信技术和计算机技术以及电能量测量技术结合在一起,能够及时、准确、全面地反映电量的使用情况,很好的弥补传统方式的缺点。因此本文设计了一种基于GPRS无线通讯技术的无线抄表终端系统。该终端系统先通过RS485总线将用户电表的相关信息采集,然后通过GPRS网络,以IP数据包的方式将电表相关信息送给监控中心,以实现远程自动无线抄表功能。
论文首先分析了GPRS通讯技术、网络结构等相关理论和技术,设计了主要由下位机终端、GPRS通讯网络和监控中心系统组成的远程抄表系统。采用Siemens GPRS模块MC55作为设计的重点,实现了GPRS与Internet间数据传输功能。
本文在整个系统研究与设计中主要做了以下工作:
(1)完成了以PHILIPS公司的ARM7芯片LPC2138作为主控制器及其相关外围电路的硬件设计与实现。
(2)通过对终端应用程序整体框架及流程的分析研究,具体编写了MC55的部分AT指令代码,包括FTP下载这一部分的代码。
(3)利用MC55的FTP下载功能和LPC2138的IAP功能的有机结合,实现了终端应用软件的远程升级,方便了维护。
(4)提出FTP连接和TCP连接相互独立的设计方式,终端在下载升级程序的过程中无需主站干预,不影响其他工作。
本课题的抄表终端软硬件系统通过了包括GPRS通信的实时性、可靠性等在内的系列测试,以及现场投入使用结果表明:本课题所设计的无线抄表终端能够准确、可靠地完成数据采集、数据处理、数据传输等功能,完全满足了电力远程监控管理的要求。
The electrical energy measurement is an important part in the modern electric power marketing system.The traditional meter-reading and settlement is relaying on manpower regularly to the scene takes the data,therefore low efficiency,high costs, unable to monitor,in real time,in the field of real-time,accuracy and application there are also many shortcomings,has been unable to meet modern city's needs.The Modern Communication Technology and the computer technology as well as the electrical energy gauging quantity technology unifies in together,can promptly, accurately,comprehensively reflect of the use condition of electricity,very good atonement tradition way shortcoming.Therefore,this paper designes one kind of wireless meter-reading terminal system Based on GPRS.This terminal system concentrates the user electric instrument's electric quantity information by the RS485 bus line firstly,then through the GPRS network,the information will be given to the monitoring center by the IP data packet's way,in order to achieve long-range wireless automatic meter reading function.
The paper first introduces the principle of GPRS communications technology, network architecture and related theory and technology,designes long-distance meter-reading system composed by the lower position machine terminal,the GPRS communication network and the monitoring center.Uses Siemens GPRS module MC55 to take the design the key point,accomplishs the data transmission function between GPRS and Internet.
The paper does the following job mainly in entire system research and design:
(1)completed the hardware circuits design and implementation of the master-control unit by PHILIPS Corporation's ARM7 chip LPC2138 and related peripheral.
(2)Participate in the Terminal application process and the overall framework of analysis and study,compiled the MC55 part AT instruction code concretely,including codes of FTP download.
(3)The use of MC55 FTP download and LPC2138 function of the IAP achieves remote upgrades of the terminal application software to facilitate maintenance.
(4)Proposes mutually independent design way of FTP connection and TCP connection,therefore the terminal does not need the master station intervention in the downloading promotion procedure's process,does not interfere with other work.
The software and hardware system of the wireless meter-reading terminals designed by the paper pass a series of tests including timeliness reliability of GPRS correspondence.The results of puting into use in scenes prove that the terminals can complete data collection,data processing,data transmission,and other functions accurately and reliably,fully meets the power long-distance monitoring management requirements.
论文首先分析了GPRS通讯技术、网络结构等相关理论和技术,设计了主要由下位机终端、GPRS通讯网络和监控中心系统组成的远程抄表系统。采用Siemens GPRS模块MC55作为设计的重点,实现了GPRS与Internet间数据传输功能。
本文在整个系统研究与设计中主要做了以下工作:
(1)完成了以PHILIPS公司的ARM7芯片LPC2138作为主控制器及其相关外围电路的硬件设计与实现。
(2)通过对终端应用程序整体框架及流程的分析研究,具体编写了MC55的部分AT指令代码,包括FTP下载这一部分的代码。
(3)利用MC55的FTP下载功能和LPC2138的IAP功能的有机结合,实现了终端应用软件的远程升级,方便了维护。
(4)提出FTP连接和TCP连接相互独立的设计方式,终端在下载升级程序的过程中无需主站干预,不影响其他工作。
本课题的抄表终端软硬件系统通过了包括GPRS通信的实时性、可靠性等在内的系列测试,以及现场投入使用结果表明:本课题所设计的无线抄表终端能够准确、可靠地完成数据采集、数据处理、数据传输等功能,完全满足了电力远程监控管理的要求。
The electrical energy measurement is an important part in the modern electric power marketing system.The traditional meter-reading and settlement is relaying on manpower regularly to the scene takes the data,therefore low efficiency,high costs, unable to monitor,in real time,in the field of real-time,accuracy and application there are also many shortcomings,has been unable to meet modern city's needs.The Modern Communication Technology and the computer technology as well as the electrical energy gauging quantity technology unifies in together,can promptly, accurately,comprehensively reflect of the use condition of electricity,very good atonement tradition way shortcoming.Therefore,this paper designes one kind of wireless meter-reading terminal system Based on GPRS.This terminal system concentrates the user electric instrument's electric quantity information by the RS485 bus line firstly,then through the GPRS network,the information will be given to the monitoring center by the IP data packet's way,in order to achieve long-range wireless automatic meter reading function.
The paper first introduces the principle of GPRS communications technology, network architecture and related theory and technology,designes long-distance meter-reading system composed by the lower position machine terminal,the GPRS communication network and the monitoring center.Uses Siemens GPRS module MC55 to take the design the key point,accomplishs the data transmission function between GPRS and Internet.
The paper does the following job mainly in entire system research and design:
(1)completed the hardware circuits design and implementation of the master-control unit by PHILIPS Corporation's ARM7 chip LPC2138 and related peripheral.
(2)Participate in the Terminal application process and the overall framework of analysis and study,compiled the MC55 part AT instruction code concretely,including codes of FTP download.
(3)The use of MC55 FTP download and LPC2138 function of the IAP achieves remote upgrades of the terminal application software to facilitate maintenance.
(4)Proposes mutually independent design way of FTP connection and TCP connection,therefore the terminal does not need the master station intervention in the downloading promotion procedure's process,does not interfere with other work.
The software and hardware system of the wireless meter-reading terminals designed by the paper pass a series of tests including timeliness reliability of GPRS correspondence.The results of puting into use in scenes prove that the terminals can complete data collection,data processing,data transmission,and other functions accurately and reliably,fully meets the power long-distance monitoring management requirements.
引文
[1]吕捷.GPRS技术.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2001.
[2]Philips Co.LPC2131/32/38 User Manual[M].[S.1.]:Philips Co,2004.
[3]朱洪波.GPRS通用分组无线业务.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.
[4][美]R.J.(Bud)Bates.通用分组无线业务(GPRS)技术与应用[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.17-35.
[5]Multi-Tech Systems,Inc.SocketModem GSM/GPRS Developer's Guide[Z].Version B.USA.Multi-Tech Systems,Inc.2004
[6]王勇,范晓楠.嵌入式系统与GPRS技术在“三表”远传中的应用[J].测控技术,2005,24(2):65-67.
[7]杨菁,余成波,胡晓倩GPRS技术及其应用探析[J].重庆工学院学报.2004,18(1):30-32
[8]赵锋,王艳玮,范建华等.GPRS终端拨号上网连接认证注册全过程研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,(23):158-160.
[9]田小辉,李明远,田听.基于GPRS的远程无线数传终端系统的设计与实现[J].现代电子技术,2005,(4):97-99.
[10]萧文龙,林松儒.《TCP/1P最佳入门》.机械工业出版社,2006.
[11]TCP performance over GPRS;Meyer,M.Ericsson Eurolab Deutschland GmbH,Herzogenrath,Germany.
[12]Performance and architecture of SGSN and GGSN of general packet radio service (GPRS);Mishra,A.
[13]陈维荣,宋永华,孙锦鑫.电力系统设备状态监测的概念及现状.电网技术,2000,24(11):25-28
[14]桑楠.嵌入式系统原理与应用开发技术.北京:北京航空航大大学出版社,2002.18-39.
[15]周洁,杨心怀.32位RISC CPUARM芯片的应用和选型.电子技术应用,2002,(8):50-52
[16]秦开字,段红.基于移动通信网的电力远程监测系统.电力需求侧管理,2003,(5):20-23
[17]ARM Limited.ARM7TDM1(Rev4)Technical Reference Manual.ARM D10210A.2001
[18]ARM Limited.ARM7TDMI Technical Reference Manual.Arm DD10192A,2000
[19]Steve Furber.ARM System-on-Chip Architecture.Second Edition.Pearson Education Limited(Addison -Wesley),2000
[20]ARM Limited.ARM Development Guide.2001
[21]《MC55/56Hardware Interface Description》.Slemens Ltd.2005
[22]SIEMENSCorp.MC55ATCommandSet[M].SIEMENS,2004.
[23]《Application Developer's Guide》.Siemens Ltd.2005
[24]姚放吾.嵌入式系统的硬件/软件协同设计.微计算机信息,2001,(3):13-16.
[25]李驹光,聂雪媛,王兆卫.ARM应用系统开发详解.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.71-126.
[26]David Seal.ARM Architecture Reference Manual.Second Edition.Pearson Education Limited(Addison -Wesley),2001.
[27]靳晶,胡盛祥,胡平等.基于GPS/GPRS车载终端的研究与开发[J].微计算机信息.2006,22(9-2):284-286
[28]毛洋林,陈讽,潘志浩.用MCS-51单片机实现基于GPRS的INTERNET接入[J].微计算机信息.2004,20(3):92-93
[29]Alan Kavanagh,John Beckmeyer.《GPRS Networks》.Osborne Publishing.2002
[30]刘峻峰,李雪铃.基于单片机的电力监控系统交流采样技术的实现.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2001,(6):35-39
[31]余先涛,张涛,莫易敏.基于GPRS技术的无线远程抄表的实现[J].机电一体化,2005,(2):52-55.
[32]李云等.基于GPRS的水文遥测监控系统[J],仪表技术与传感器,2004,13(6):15-19.
[33]张春荣.GPRS在电力系统设备运行监测中应用的研究,华北电力大学硕士学位论文,2006.12,42-44.
[34]朱兆忧.RS-485总线在远程自动抄表系统中的应用[J].东华理工大学学报,2005.6,28,2:192-195
[35]冯洪亮.改进型RS485总线在远程抄表系统中的应用[J].产品与应用,2003,5:51-52.
[36](美)Douglas E.Comer著.用TCP/IP进行网际互连—原理、协议与结构[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2007,107-147.
[37]王典洪,梁娟,熊月华.基于MC55和LPC2136的GPRS用电监测终端的实现,数据采集与处理,2006(12),258-261.
[38]中华人民共和国国家电网公司.电力负荷管理系统数据传输规约[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006.
[39]中华人民共和国电力工业部.多功能电能表通信规约[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1998.
[40]马少平,骆志刚,孙雷,等.基于ARM的GPRS远程终端设计与实现口].微计算机信息,2006(2):118-120.
[41]周立功.深入浅出ARM7-LPC213X/214X(上)[M].EasyARM2131附赠版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,4:40-45
[42]PHILIPS Semiconductor.AN10369 UART/SPI/12 C code examples.http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat_download/applicationnotes/AN10369_1.pdf,2006,3
[43]任翔,基于GPRS的路灯远程测控系统研究和设计,南京理工大学硕士论文,2005.9.
[44]赵雯娴,基于西门子无线模块MC55的M2M系统的研究与设计,华东师范大学硕士论文,2007.4.
[2]Philips Co.LPC2131/32/38 User Manual[M].[S.1.]:Philips Co,2004.
[3]朱洪波.GPRS通用分组无线业务.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.
[4][美]R.J.(Bud)Bates.通用分组无线业务(GPRS)技术与应用[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.17-35.
[5]Multi-Tech Systems,Inc.SocketModem GSM/GPRS Developer's Guide[Z].Version B.USA.Multi-Tech Systems,Inc.2004
[6]王勇,范晓楠.嵌入式系统与GPRS技术在“三表”远传中的应用[J].测控技术,2005,24(2):65-67.
[7]杨菁,余成波,胡晓倩GPRS技术及其应用探析[J].重庆工学院学报.2004,18(1):30-32
[8]赵锋,王艳玮,范建华等.GPRS终端拨号上网连接认证注册全过程研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,(23):158-160.
[9]田小辉,李明远,田听.基于GPRS的远程无线数传终端系统的设计与实现[J].现代电子技术,2005,(4):97-99.
[10]萧文龙,林松儒.《TCP/1P最佳入门》.机械工业出版社,2006.
[11]TCP performance over GPRS;Meyer,M.Ericsson Eurolab Deutschland GmbH,Herzogenrath,Germany.
[12]Performance and architecture of SGSN and GGSN of general packet radio service (GPRS);Mishra,A.
[13]陈维荣,宋永华,孙锦鑫.电力系统设备状态监测的概念及现状.电网技术,2000,24(11):25-28
[14]桑楠.嵌入式系统原理与应用开发技术.北京:北京航空航大大学出版社,2002.18-39.
[15]周洁,杨心怀.32位RISC CPUARM芯片的应用和选型.电子技术应用,2002,(8):50-52
[16]秦开字,段红.基于移动通信网的电力远程监测系统.电力需求侧管理,2003,(5):20-23
[17]ARM Limited.ARM7TDM1(Rev4)Technical Reference Manual.ARM D10210A.2001
[18]ARM Limited.ARM7TDMI Technical Reference Manual.Arm DD10192A,2000
[19]Steve Furber.ARM System-on-Chip Architecture.Second Edition.Pearson Education Limited(Addison -Wesley),2000
[20]ARM Limited.ARM Development Guide.2001
[21]《MC55/56Hardware Interface Description》.Slemens Ltd.2005
[22]SIEMENSCorp.MC55ATCommandSet[M].SIEMENS,2004.
[23]《Application Developer's Guide》.Siemens Ltd.2005
[24]姚放吾.嵌入式系统的硬件/软件协同设计.微计算机信息,2001,(3):13-16.
[25]李驹光,聂雪媛,王兆卫.ARM应用系统开发详解.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.71-126.
[26]David Seal.ARM Architecture Reference Manual.Second Edition.Pearson Education Limited(Addison -Wesley),2001.
[27]靳晶,胡盛祥,胡平等.基于GPS/GPRS车载终端的研究与开发[J].微计算机信息.2006,22(9-2):284-286
[28]毛洋林,陈讽,潘志浩.用MCS-51单片机实现基于GPRS的INTERNET接入[J].微计算机信息.2004,20(3):92-93
[29]Alan Kavanagh,John Beckmeyer.《GPRS Networks》.Osborne Publishing.2002
[30]刘峻峰,李雪铃.基于单片机的电力监控系统交流采样技术的实现.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2001,(6):35-39
[31]余先涛,张涛,莫易敏.基于GPRS技术的无线远程抄表的实现[J].机电一体化,2005,(2):52-55.
[32]李云等.基于GPRS的水文遥测监控系统[J],仪表技术与传感器,2004,13(6):15-19.
[33]张春荣.GPRS在电力系统设备运行监测中应用的研究,华北电力大学硕士学位论文,2006.12,42-44.
[34]朱兆忧.RS-485总线在远程自动抄表系统中的应用[J].东华理工大学学报,2005.6,28,2:192-195
[35]冯洪亮.改进型RS485总线在远程抄表系统中的应用[J].产品与应用,2003,5:51-52.
[36](美)Douglas E.Comer著.用TCP/IP进行网际互连—原理、协议与结构[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2007,107-147.
[37]王典洪,梁娟,熊月华.基于MC55和LPC2136的GPRS用电监测终端的实现,数据采集与处理,2006(12),258-261.
[38]中华人民共和国国家电网公司.电力负荷管理系统数据传输规约[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006.
[39]中华人民共和国电力工业部.多功能电能表通信规约[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1998.
[40]马少平,骆志刚,孙雷,等.基于ARM的GPRS远程终端设计与实现口].微计算机信息,2006(2):118-120.
[41]周立功.深入浅出ARM7-LPC213X/214X(上)[M].EasyARM2131附赠版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,4:40-45
[42]PHILIPS Semiconductor.AN10369 UART/SPI/12 C code examples.http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat_download/applicationnotes/AN10369_1.pdf,2006,3
[43]任翔,基于GPRS的路灯远程测控系统研究和设计,南京理工大学硕士论文,2005.9.
[44]赵雯娴,基于西门子无线模块MC55的M2M系统的研究与设计,华东师范大学硕士论文,2007.4.