塑解剂在天然橡胶塑炼中的应用研究
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摘要
塑炼是天然橡胶加工必不可少的一个阶段,而使用塑解剂能够快速降低胶料的粘度。本文研究了环保型化学塑解剂和物理塑解剂对天然橡胶塑炼及各项性能的影响。主要研究内容如下:
首先考察了塑解剂二苯甲酰胺基二苯基二硫化物(DBD)用量、塑炼温度、转子转速和塑炼时间对天然橡胶塑炼效率的影响。其次考察了二硫化物类化学塑解剂产品RP66和RP68对天然橡胶塑炼功耗、门尼黏度、焦烧和硫化特性、物理力学性能、流变性能、动态粘弹性、溶胀性能等的影响,并与S&S公司的二硫化物类A86和国内的五氯硫酚类SJ103进行了对比研究。结果表明,随着化学塑解剂RP66和RP68用量的增大,胶料的门尼黏度降低,流动性提高,假塑性增大,加入0.2份化学塑解剂RP66和RP68胶料的门尼黏度分别下降了12.5%和18.6%;不影响胶料的焦烧特性,正硫化时间缩短,最大和最小弹性转矩降低;硫化胶的邵尔A硬度、拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、撕裂强度和回弹率都有所下降,而100%和300%定伸应力变化不大;RPA分析表明添加化学塑解剂后胶料Payne效应降低,改善了填料的分散性;降低了胶料的交联密度;DMA测试表明,添加塑解剂后硫化胶玻璃化温度降低,同时改善了硫化胶的抗湿滑性能。
探讨了不饱和脂肪酸类物理塑解剂RF50和RF60及RF80在天然橡胶塑炼中的应用。物理塑解剂是通过润滑作用来降低胶料的粘度而不降低橡胶分子量。哈克转矩流变仪测试表明,添加物理塑解剂能够降低塑炼转矩,即节约能耗;能够降低胶料的门尼黏度,不影响胶料的焦烧特性,最大和最小弹性转矩降低,正硫化时间t90有所延长;硫化胶的100%和300%定伸应力、拉伸强度提高,邵氏硬度变化不大;RPA测试显示胶料的Payne效应减小,填料分散性得到改善;DMA分析得出物理塑解剂降低了胶料的玻璃化温度Tg。考察了物理塑解剂对NR胶料抗硫化返原性能的影响。结果表明,物理塑解剂对天然橡胶的硫化返原有很好的改善作用。
Mastication is an essential process in processing of natural rubber, while using peptizer can reduce the viscosity of NR quickly. This paper studied the effect of environment friendlychemical and physical peptizers on mastication and properties of natural rubber. The main contents were as follows:
Firstly the effects of the dosage of peptizer DBD, temperature of mastication, rotor speed and mastication time on the mastication efficiency of natural rubber were investigated. Secondly the effects of RP66 and RP68 on energy consumption, Mooney viscosity, scorch and curing characteristics, physical and mechanical properties, rheological properties, dynamic viscoelasticity, swelling properties of NR compounds were studied and compared with A86 and SJ103. It was generally found that Mooney viscosity decreased, mobility and pseudoplastic increased with the increasing dosage of RP66 and RP68. The Mooney viscosity of NR compounds decreased by 12.5% and 18.6% when adding 0.2 phr RP66 as well as RP68. The scorch changed little, while the curing time shorten, the maximum and minimum elastic torque both declined. Shore hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength and rebound of NR vulcanizates have declined, while 100% and 300% modulus changed little. RPA test showed that the Payne effect of NR compounds lower when adding the chemical peptizers, and the dispersion of filler was improved. Crosslinking density decreased. Dynamic mechanic analysis indicated that the glass transition temperature lower than control compound, at the meantime the wet skid resistance was improved.
The application of unsaturated fatty acids RF50, RF60 and aryl zinc RF80 as physical peptizers in NR masticated were discussed. Physical peptizer reduce the viscosity through lubricantion without reducing the molecular weight of rubber. The results showed that energy consumption and Mooney viscosity of natural rubber peptized with physical peptizers declined. Scorch characteristic change little, the curing time extended, and the maximum and minimum elastic torque both declined. The modulus at 100% and 300%, tensile strength, shore hardness change little. RPA test indicated that the Payne effect of NR compounds lower when adding the physical peptizers, the dispersion of carbon black was improved. DMA test showed that the Tg of vulcanizates added RF50, RF60 and RF80 declined. The anti-reversion of physical peptizers were investigated, and it was found that they had a good improvement in anti-reversion of NR.
首先考察了塑解剂二苯甲酰胺基二苯基二硫化物(DBD)用量、塑炼温度、转子转速和塑炼时间对天然橡胶塑炼效率的影响。其次考察了二硫化物类化学塑解剂产品RP66和RP68对天然橡胶塑炼功耗、门尼黏度、焦烧和硫化特性、物理力学性能、流变性能、动态粘弹性、溶胀性能等的影响,并与S&S公司的二硫化物类A86和国内的五氯硫酚类SJ103进行了对比研究。结果表明,随着化学塑解剂RP66和RP68用量的增大,胶料的门尼黏度降低,流动性提高,假塑性增大,加入0.2份化学塑解剂RP66和RP68胶料的门尼黏度分别下降了12.5%和18.6%;不影响胶料的焦烧特性,正硫化时间缩短,最大和最小弹性转矩降低;硫化胶的邵尔A硬度、拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、撕裂强度和回弹率都有所下降,而100%和300%定伸应力变化不大;RPA分析表明添加化学塑解剂后胶料Payne效应降低,改善了填料的分散性;降低了胶料的交联密度;DMA测试表明,添加塑解剂后硫化胶玻璃化温度降低,同时改善了硫化胶的抗湿滑性能。
探讨了不饱和脂肪酸类物理塑解剂RF50和RF60及RF80在天然橡胶塑炼中的应用。物理塑解剂是通过润滑作用来降低胶料的粘度而不降低橡胶分子量。哈克转矩流变仪测试表明,添加物理塑解剂能够降低塑炼转矩,即节约能耗;能够降低胶料的门尼黏度,不影响胶料的焦烧特性,最大和最小弹性转矩降低,正硫化时间t90有所延长;硫化胶的100%和300%定伸应力、拉伸强度提高,邵氏硬度变化不大;RPA测试显示胶料的Payne效应减小,填料分散性得到改善;DMA分析得出物理塑解剂降低了胶料的玻璃化温度Tg。考察了物理塑解剂对NR胶料抗硫化返原性能的影响。结果表明,物理塑解剂对天然橡胶的硫化返原有很好的改善作用。
Mastication is an essential process in processing of natural rubber, while using peptizer can reduce the viscosity of NR quickly. This paper studied the effect of environment friendlychemical and physical peptizers on mastication and properties of natural rubber. The main contents were as follows:
Firstly the effects of the dosage of peptizer DBD, temperature of mastication, rotor speed and mastication time on the mastication efficiency of natural rubber were investigated. Secondly the effects of RP66 and RP68 on energy consumption, Mooney viscosity, scorch and curing characteristics, physical and mechanical properties, rheological properties, dynamic viscoelasticity, swelling properties of NR compounds were studied and compared with A86 and SJ103. It was generally found that Mooney viscosity decreased, mobility and pseudoplastic increased with the increasing dosage of RP66 and RP68. The Mooney viscosity of NR compounds decreased by 12.5% and 18.6% when adding 0.2 phr RP66 as well as RP68. The scorch changed little, while the curing time shorten, the maximum and minimum elastic torque both declined. Shore hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength and rebound of NR vulcanizates have declined, while 100% and 300% modulus changed little. RPA test showed that the Payne effect of NR compounds lower when adding the chemical peptizers, and the dispersion of filler was improved. Crosslinking density decreased. Dynamic mechanic analysis indicated that the glass transition temperature lower than control compound, at the meantime the wet skid resistance was improved.
The application of unsaturated fatty acids RF50, RF60 and aryl zinc RF80 as physical peptizers in NR masticated were discussed. Physical peptizer reduce the viscosity through lubricantion without reducing the molecular weight of rubber. The results showed that energy consumption and Mooney viscosity of natural rubber peptized with physical peptizers declined. Scorch characteristic change little, the curing time extended, and the maximum and minimum elastic torque both declined. The modulus at 100% and 300%, tensile strength, shore hardness change little. RPA test indicated that the Payne effect of NR compounds lower when adding the physical peptizers, the dispersion of carbon black was improved. DMA test showed that the Tg of vulcanizates added RF50, RF60 and RF80 declined. The anti-reversion of physical peptizers were investigated, and it was found that they had a good improvement in anti-reversion of NR.
引文
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