物联网环境下多维度协同物流管理研究
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摘要
物联网作为下一代互联网的应用受到了广泛的重视，实现物与物、人与物互联的物联网是世界各国新一轮高科技竞争的制高点。随着信息化发展，须加快现代物流服务体系建设。现代物流以其快速化的反应、集成化的功能、系列化的服务、规范化的作业、系统化的目标、现代化的手段、网络化的组织、市场化的经营和电子化的信息，逐步成为推动现代服务业发展的新生力量。现代物流协同管理问题是信息化技术发展和物流服务多样化过程中一个新兴的物流管理问题。本文选题来自于中国工程院“物联网在交通运输领域的应用”重大咨询项目和湖南省科技重大专项“第三方物流协同服务系统关键技术研究与应用示范”。针对项目示范物流企业，研究该企业在物联网环境下面临的多维度协同管理问题。通过研究分析，解决了物流企业多维度协同管理问题，增强物流系统协同性，提高企业经济效益和社会效益。同时，项目的顺利验收也为研究成果的推广应用奠定了有利基础。
本文的研究意义在于，有利于完善物流管理理论中关于多维度协同管理研究的不足，有利于实现物流企业资源优化配置和协调管理，有利于满足客户多样化需求和实现物流企业全面信息化，有利于提高物流企业协同运作效率和实现企业整体最优。本文针对物联网环境下现代物流企业面临的战略管理协同问题、配送管理协同问题、服务质量管理协同问题和仓储管理协同问题，提出了现代物流多维度协同分类：技术协同、信息协同、服务协同和管理协同四个维度。研究了物流多维协同规律，提出了循环式物流协同管理机制和服务质量评估标准体系，有效地弥补了物流企业协同管理机制不完善；建立和求解现代物流系统序参量方程，得出信息协同为影响系统协同性的序参量，通过调整序参量，可以有效地控制系统平衡性，有效解决了物流系统协同性关键因素不确定性问题针对感知、网络、应用和管理四个层次上存在的技术、信息、服务和管理协同协中存在的典型问题，通过建立算法和模型，解决了物联网技术在物流协同管理中的合理应用问题。本文主要内容及创新成果如下所述。
（1）针对物流企业面临多维协同管理问题，提出现代物流多维度协同分类。构建了现代物流系统多维度协同序参量方程，通过精确消去法求解方程得出信息协同是物流系统的序参量，实现了准确利用序参量控制物流系统涨落和平衡性。
（2）提出了合作博弈下的现代物流物联网网络层多主体协同模式，针对物流企业配送管理协同问题，构建了基于VRP的实时路况信息协同仿真模型，通过模拟仿真和数值试验验证了信息协同对物流系统效率有明显提高。
（3）针对物流企业服务质量管理协同问题，运用隶属度和重要度分析，构建了基于改进的LSQ量表和Servqual量表的物流服务质量评估指标体系，通过问卷调查有效评估了物流服务质量。
（4）提出了基于进入权的激励式内部管理协同模型。针对物流仓储管理协同问题，利用斑德分解法设计动态物流调度管理算法，通过数值试验验证了算法有效性。
本文从物联网环境下多维度协同为切入点，研究了技术协同、信息协同、服务协同和管理协同在物流领域的发生和发展规律。文章通过理论分析、仿真与实证研究，归纳和总结出了现代物流企业健康发展、提升自身服务水平和管理水平理论方法，为物联网在物流领域的应用和发展奠定了基础。
Internet of things (IOT), an application of the next generation Internet, hasreceived much attention and will be a worldwide competition emphasis because IOTcan realize the interconnection between things and things, also between things andpeople. IOT will improve old industries and promote new ones. The popularizationand application of IOT will not only influence the progress of industrialization andinformationization, but also have far-reaching impact on social economy and humanlife. The construction of modern logistics service system should be sped up tocorrespond with the development of informationization. Modern logistics should bethe new force to promote the development of modern services as it has quickerreaction, integrated function, serialization service, normalized work, systematic target,modern method, networked organization, marketized organization and electronizedinformation. It is of great theoretical value and realistic meaning to study themulti-dimensional synergy of logistic management in IOT environment.
Regarding to the need of multi-dimensional synergy in modern logistics in IOTsystem, the modern logistics order parameter equation is built and solved.Multi-dimensional synergetic study of modern logistics is proposed on the basis ofsensing layer, network layer, application layer and management layer of IOT and fromthe four-dimensional synergetic demand by technology synergy, information synergy,service synergy and management synergy. This paper consists of t heory basis,technical basis, application examples and application management. The studied in thispaper is of scientific significance and practical significance for the need ofmulti-dimensional synergy in modern logistics in IOT environment.
(1) Research on classification of multi-dimensional synergy and order parameterequations
We provide the classification of multi-dimensional synergy; develop modernlogistics multi-dimensional synergy order parameter equations and solve equations bythe Matlab. Then the order parameter which influences the synergy of system wasfound out. The problem of which is the synergy key factor of logistics system wassolved in this chapter.
(2) Research on technology synergy and clustering algorithm
The mobile logistics service node perception was studied based on dynamic sensing technology synergy of IOT. The mobile logistics service node discoveryalgorithm was designed based on clustering algorithm. The effectiveness of thealgorithm was verified with Matlab analysis.
(3) Research on information synergy and Traveling Salesman Problem
With information synergy of IOT network layer as the prerequisite, we developthe information synergy distribution simulation mode. The simulation mode can beused to comparing the distribution path and time under the station of informationsynergy and information no-synergy. The simulation result demonstrated theinformation synergy have positive effect on logistic system.
(4) Research on service synergy and Service quality evaluation criteria
In order to improve the IOT application service synergy effect and service level,the service quality evaluation criteria system of modern logistics is proposed based onsimple and multi-user, which provides a scientific method for evaluating the servicequality of modern logistics.
(5) Research on management synergy and Benders Decomposition Method
To IOT management synergy and management informatization as the goal, thepick-up process using vehicles under multi-spot producing after reorganization inLogistic Industry was chosen as the subject, and a mixed integer programming for itwas constructed. Considering the characteristics of variables in the MIP, the BendersDecomposition Method was introduced to solve the original problem. With the AMPLMathematical modeling language, the modified algorithm was implemented, andseveral numerical examples with three different parameters was investigated,compared with the Cplex solver, to verify its feasibility and effectiveness.
This paper consists of theory basis, technical basis, application examples andapplication management. The studied in this paper is of scientific significance andpractical significance for the need of multi-dimensional synergy in modern logisticsin IOT environment.
本文的研究意义在于，有利于完善物流管理理论中关于多维度协同管理研究的不足，有利于实现物流企业资源优化配置和协调管理，有利于满足客户多样化需求和实现物流企业全面信息化，有利于提高物流企业协同运作效率和实现企业整体最优。本文针对物联网环境下现代物流企业面临的战略管理协同问题、配送管理协同问题、服务质量管理协同问题和仓储管理协同问题，提出了现代物流多维度协同分类：技术协同、信息协同、服务协同和管理协同四个维度。研究了物流多维协同规律，提出了循环式物流协同管理机制和服务质量评估标准体系，有效地弥补了物流企业协同管理机制不完善；建立和求解现代物流系统序参量方程，得出信息协同为影响系统协同性的序参量，通过调整序参量，可以有效地控制系统平衡性，有效解决了物流系统协同性关键因素不确定性问题针对感知、网络、应用和管理四个层次上存在的技术、信息、服务和管理协同协中存在的典型问题，通过建立算法和模型，解决了物联网技术在物流协同管理中的合理应用问题。本文主要内容及创新成果如下所述。
（1）针对物流企业面临多维协同管理问题，提出现代物流多维度协同分类。构建了现代物流系统多维度协同序参量方程，通过精确消去法求解方程得出信息协同是物流系统的序参量，实现了准确利用序参量控制物流系统涨落和平衡性。
（2）提出了合作博弈下的现代物流物联网网络层多主体协同模式，针对物流企业配送管理协同问题，构建了基于VRP的实时路况信息协同仿真模型，通过模拟仿真和数值试验验证了信息协同对物流系统效率有明显提高。
（3）针对物流企业服务质量管理协同问题，运用隶属度和重要度分析，构建了基于改进的LSQ量表和Servqual量表的物流服务质量评估指标体系，通过问卷调查有效评估了物流服务质量。
（4）提出了基于进入权的激励式内部管理协同模型。针对物流仓储管理协同问题，利用斑德分解法设计动态物流调度管理算法，通过数值试验验证了算法有效性。
本文从物联网环境下多维度协同为切入点，研究了技术协同、信息协同、服务协同和管理协同在物流领域的发生和发展规律。文章通过理论分析、仿真与实证研究，归纳和总结出了现代物流企业健康发展、提升自身服务水平和管理水平理论方法，为物联网在物流领域的应用和发展奠定了基础。
Internet of things (IOT), an application of the next generation Internet, hasreceived much attention and will be a worldwide competition emphasis because IOTcan realize the interconnection between things and things, also between things andpeople. IOT will improve old industries and promote new ones. The popularizationand application of IOT will not only influence the progress of industrialization andinformationization, but also have far-reaching impact on social economy and humanlife. The construction of modern logistics service system should be sped up tocorrespond with the development of informationization. Modern logistics should bethe new force to promote the development of modern services as it has quickerreaction, integrated function, serialization service, normalized work, systematic target,modern method, networked organization, marketized organization and electronizedinformation. It is of great theoretical value and realistic meaning to study themulti-dimensional synergy of logistic management in IOT environment.
Regarding to the need of multi-dimensional synergy in modern logistics in IOTsystem, the modern logistics order parameter equation is built and solved.Multi-dimensional synergetic study of modern logistics is proposed on the basis ofsensing layer, network layer, application layer and management layer of IOT and fromthe four-dimensional synergetic demand by technology synergy, information synergy,service synergy and management synergy. This paper consists of t heory basis,technical basis, application examples and application management. The studied in thispaper is of scientific significance and practical significance for the need ofmulti-dimensional synergy in modern logistics in IOT environment.
(1) Research on classification of multi-dimensional synergy and order parameterequations
We provide the classification of multi-dimensional synergy; develop modernlogistics multi-dimensional synergy order parameter equations and solve equations bythe Matlab. Then the order parameter which influences the synergy of system wasfound out. The problem of which is the synergy key factor of logistics system wassolved in this chapter.
(2) Research on technology synergy and clustering algorithm
The mobile logistics service node perception was studied based on dynamic sensing technology synergy of IOT. The mobile logistics service node discoveryalgorithm was designed based on clustering algorithm. The effectiveness of thealgorithm was verified with Matlab analysis.
(3) Research on information synergy and Traveling Salesman Problem
With information synergy of IOT network layer as the prerequisite, we developthe information synergy distribution simulation mode. The simulation mode can beused to comparing the distribution path and time under the station of informationsynergy and information no-synergy. The simulation result demonstrated theinformation synergy have positive effect on logistic system.
(4) Research on service synergy and Service quality evaluation criteria
In order to improve the IOT application service synergy effect and service level,the service quality evaluation criteria system of modern logistics is proposed based onsimple and multi-user, which provides a scientific method for evaluating the servicequality of modern logistics.
(5) Research on management synergy and Benders Decomposition Method
To IOT management synergy and management informatization as the goal, thepick-up process using vehicles under multi-spot producing after reorganization inLogistic Industry was chosen as the subject, and a mixed integer programming for itwas constructed. Considering the characteristics of variables in the MIP, the BendersDecomposition Method was introduced to solve the original problem. With the AMPLMathematical modeling language, the modified algorithm was implemented, andseveral numerical examples with three different parameters was investigated,compared with the Cplex solver, to verify its feasibility and effectiveness.
This paper consists of theory basis, technical basis, application examples andapplication management. The studied in this paper is of scientific significance andpractical significance for the need of multi-dimensional synergy in modern logisticsin IOT environment.
引文
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