无线网络下的网络编码技术研究
|
摘要
网络编码(network coding)技术是近年来网络通信研究领域的一项重大突破,它允许网络节点在传统数据转发的基础上参与数据处理,已成为提高网络吞吐量、鲁棒性和可靠性的有效方法。无线链路的广播传输特性非常适合网络编码技术的应用。目前,无线网络与网络编码技术的结合已引起国内外研究者的广泛关注。本论文以网络编码技术在无线网络中的应用为主旨,以改善无线链路的传输可靠性和提高无线网络的吞吐性能为目标,对结合网络编码的无线局域网多播通信、无线多跳环境下的路由优化和无线广播系统的重传性能改进等问题进行了深入研究,提出了相应的协议设计方案和理论分析模型。本论文的主要内容和创新性成果如下:
第一,对网络编码的理论和应用研究现状进行了综述,对网络编码的概念和基本原理作了说明,对网络编码的构造方法和优化措施进行了归类和分析,并指出网络编码在无线网络应用中的现状、关键技术和发展趋势。
第二,针对现有IEEE 802.11 MAC协议无法提供可靠多播服务的缺陷,提出一种基于网络编码的无线局域网多播MAC协议MPNC (Multicast Protocol based on Network Coding)。该协议采用网络编码组传输模型发送多播数据。对于多播源节点,采用随机线性码对多播数据帧进行编码组合发送,对于多播接收节点,在接收的编码帧累积到一定数量后通过解码操作恢复出所需的原始数据。根据802.11DCF指数退避机制,建立了多播和单播节点信道竞争的二维Markov分析模型,推导了差错信道和饱和负载条件下MPNC协议的吞吐量理论表达式。模拟实验验证了理论模型的正确性,结果表明MPNC协议可有效减少多播数据帧的发送次数,提高无线带宽的利用效率。
第三,针对已有的无线局域网多播MAC协议使用固定物理层发送速率而不能快速适应信道变化的不足,基于交叉层设计思想,提出一种基于网络编码的速率自适应多播MAC协议RAMPNC (Rate Adaptive Multicast Protocol based on Network Coding)。该协议的关键特征包括两部分:一方面,采用网络编码组传输模型发送多播数据,利用网络编码的信息融合特性减少多播帧的发送次数,进而提高无线带宽的利用效率;另一方面,协议利用RTS-CTS握手信号实现信道状态信息交换,使多播源节点能够根据接收节点反馈的信道信噪比估值动态调整物理层发送速率。模拟测试实验表明RAMPNC协议能快速地响应信道变化,在多播吞吐量,平均帧传输延时和帧投递率等方面获得比已有方案更优的性能。
第四,研究了无线多跳环境下多单播信息流的网络编码传输方案。结合网络编码和机会路由两种技术提出一种具有网络编码意识的机会路由协议NCAOR(Network Coding-Aware Opportunistic Routing)。选取期望传输次数ETX(Expected Transmission Count)作为机会路由的路由度量,协议允许每一跳节点选取多个符合特定条件的邻居构成机会节点集参与数据转发。通过定义综合路径距离和编码收益的效能函数,使各机会节点分布计算接收报文的转发效能,并根据相应结果智能地设置报文响应时间。以数据报文的平均传输次数作为性能指标,分析了两跳中继双向流模型和多跳中继双向流模型下NCAOR协议的传输性能,并讨论了链路投递率、机会节点数目、转发路径长度等因素对协议性能的影响。模拟实验表明,NCAOR与采用最短路径路由的网络编码传输方案COPE (Complete Opportunity Encoding)相比,在网络吞吐量、能耗和节点编码机会等性能指标上均有更优的表现。
第五,研究利用网络编码技术改善无线广播系统的重传性能。提出一种基于随机网络编码的无线广播重传方法RNC-ARQ(Random Network Coding- Automatic Repeat Request)。该方法采用批处理方式发送广播数据包,并以单个批次长度为单位进行逐批重传操作。根据单个批次数据包接收反馈矩阵,源节点对该批次内的所有丢失包进行随机编码组合并重传,使各用户节点通过解线性方程组的方式恢复出丢失的数据包。针对Gilbert-Elliott模型表征的突发差错信道,建立了信道状态和节点接收处理流程合并的多状态马尔可夫模型,并以此为基础推导了随机编码重传方法的吞吐量闭合解。模拟实验验证了所提模型的正确性,结果表明同等信道条件下,基于随机网络编码的重传机制相对传统的选择重传机制和异或编码重传机制能获得更高的广播吞吐性能。
Recently, Network coding has been proved to be the breakthrough in the research field of network and communication. It is an effective technique to increase network capacity and improve the robustness and reliability of networks. It allows intermediate nodes to perform processing operations on the incoming packets, in addition to just forwarding them. The broadcast character of wireless link is very appropriate for the application of network coding technique. Currently, the combination of wireless network and network coding has gained significant interest domestic and overseas. This thesis investigates the application of network coding in wireless network. In order to improve the reliability and the throughput of wireless network, we do extensive research on network coding incorporated with the multicast communication in WLAN, the routing optimization in multi-hop network and the retransmission efficiency for wireless broadcast system, and focus on the protocol design and the theory for the performance analysis. The main inventive works and conclusions of the thesis are listed as follows.
Firstly,we review the recent development in theory and application of network coding technique. The conception and basic theory of the network coding are introduced. The construction and optimization of network coding schemes are classified and analyzed in detail. Furthermore, we summarize the state of arts in application of network coding in wireless networks and propose the key technologies, the open issues and challenges of network coding referring to both theory and application in near future.
Secondly, we propose a multicast MAC protocol called MPNC (Multicast Protocol based on Network Coding) based on network coding to solve the problem of the unreliable multicast service provided by IEEE 802.11 for the wireless local area network (WLAN). MPNC takes use of the network coding group to transmit multicast data frames. In multicast source node, the data frames are combined with random linear codes for transmission. In receiving nodes, the data frames are decoded after receiving enough combined frames. According to the 802.11 DCF exponential backoff mechanisms, we build the 2-dim Markov chain model for the channel contention of the multicast terminal and multiple unicast terminals. Analytic solutions are derived for the saturation throughput of MPNC under the error-prone channels. Simulation result validates the conclusion of the theory analysis, and shows that the MPNC scheme can effectively reduce the number of transmission for multicast frames and improve the bandwidth efficiency.
Thirdly, we propose a rate adaptive multicast MAC protocol based on network coding called RAMPNC (Rate Adaptive Multicast Protocol based on Network Coding) to solve the problem that the proposed multicast MAC protocols for WLAN can not adapt the quick channel variations. The proposed protocol has two key characters. In on aspect, RAMPNC takes use of the network coding group to transmit multicast data frames. The transmission times are reduced and the bandwidth efficiency is improved because of the information mixing character of the network coding. In the other aspect, the channel state information is obtained through RTS-CTS signal exchange. The RAMPNC can adjust the physical sending rate in accordance with the estimated SNR from multicast nodes. Simulation shows that RAMPNC can respond to channel variations quickly and achieve better performance than existing protocols in terms of multicast throughput, average frame transmission delay and frame delivery rate, etc.
Fourthly, we investigate the network coding transmission scheme for multiple unicast flows in wireless multihop networks. By integrating the advantage of both network coding and opportunistic routing, we propose a network coding-aware opportunistic routing protocol called NCAOR (Network Coding-Aware Opportunistic Routing). The expected transmission count (ETX) is selected as the opportunistic routing metric. For each hop, the node chooses multiple neighbors to form an opportunistic node set for forwarding, which is composed of nodes satisfied special conditions. And each opportunistic node computes the gain of the forwarding packet by the utility function, which considered both the distance to destination and the network coding gain. According to the computation result, each opportunistic node can set the forwarding time for receipted packet intelligently. By choosing the average transmission time of data packet as the metric, we analyze the transmission performance of the NCAOR for the scenarios of both one-hop relay with bi-directional unicast flows and multi-hop relays with bi-directional unicast flows. We discuss the influence of different parameters, such as the delivery probability of the wireless link, the number of opportunistic nodes and the average path length. Simulation results show that the proposed NCAOR can get better improvement on performance such as throughput, energy and network coding chances, when compared to the COPE(Complete Opportunity Encoding) using the traditional routing protocol.
Fifthly, we do some research on the improving the retransmission performance for wireless broadcast system with network coding. A broadcast retransmission scheme called RNC-ARQ (Random Network Coding-Automatic Repeat Request) based on the random network coding is put forward for the wireless broadcast system. The scheme transmits broadcast data packets in a batch processing mode and retransmits lost packets in a per-batch way. In accordance with the packet reception feedback matrix, the source combines all lost packets in a batch with random linear codes for retransmission. And all receiver nodes can recover the lost data packets by solving the linear equation system. Based on the Gilbert-Elliott channel model, a multi-state Markov model is generated by uniting the channel state with the reception mode of received nodes. Based on this model, the closed-form expressions are derived for the throughput of RNC-ARQ. Simulation result validates the theory analysis, and shows that the proposed RNC-ARQ scheme is better than the SR-ARQ(Selective Repeat-Automatic Repeat Request) and XOR-ARQ (XOR network coding-Automatic Repeat Request) scheme in terms of the throughput under the same channel conditions.
第一,对网络编码的理论和应用研究现状进行了综述,对网络编码的概念和基本原理作了说明,对网络编码的构造方法和优化措施进行了归类和分析,并指出网络编码在无线网络应用中的现状、关键技术和发展趋势。
第二,针对现有IEEE 802.11 MAC协议无法提供可靠多播服务的缺陷,提出一种基于网络编码的无线局域网多播MAC协议MPNC (Multicast Protocol based on Network Coding)。该协议采用网络编码组传输模型发送多播数据。对于多播源节点,采用随机线性码对多播数据帧进行编码组合发送,对于多播接收节点,在接收的编码帧累积到一定数量后通过解码操作恢复出所需的原始数据。根据802.11DCF指数退避机制,建立了多播和单播节点信道竞争的二维Markov分析模型,推导了差错信道和饱和负载条件下MPNC协议的吞吐量理论表达式。模拟实验验证了理论模型的正确性,结果表明MPNC协议可有效减少多播数据帧的发送次数,提高无线带宽的利用效率。
第三,针对已有的无线局域网多播MAC协议使用固定物理层发送速率而不能快速适应信道变化的不足,基于交叉层设计思想,提出一种基于网络编码的速率自适应多播MAC协议RAMPNC (Rate Adaptive Multicast Protocol based on Network Coding)。该协议的关键特征包括两部分:一方面,采用网络编码组传输模型发送多播数据,利用网络编码的信息融合特性减少多播帧的发送次数,进而提高无线带宽的利用效率;另一方面,协议利用RTS-CTS握手信号实现信道状态信息交换,使多播源节点能够根据接收节点反馈的信道信噪比估值动态调整物理层发送速率。模拟测试实验表明RAMPNC协议能快速地响应信道变化,在多播吞吐量,平均帧传输延时和帧投递率等方面获得比已有方案更优的性能。
第四,研究了无线多跳环境下多单播信息流的网络编码传输方案。结合网络编码和机会路由两种技术提出一种具有网络编码意识的机会路由协议NCAOR(Network Coding-Aware Opportunistic Routing)。选取期望传输次数ETX(Expected Transmission Count)作为机会路由的路由度量,协议允许每一跳节点选取多个符合特定条件的邻居构成机会节点集参与数据转发。通过定义综合路径距离和编码收益的效能函数,使各机会节点分布计算接收报文的转发效能,并根据相应结果智能地设置报文响应时间。以数据报文的平均传输次数作为性能指标,分析了两跳中继双向流模型和多跳中继双向流模型下NCAOR协议的传输性能,并讨论了链路投递率、机会节点数目、转发路径长度等因素对协议性能的影响。模拟实验表明,NCAOR与采用最短路径路由的网络编码传输方案COPE (Complete Opportunity Encoding)相比,在网络吞吐量、能耗和节点编码机会等性能指标上均有更优的表现。
第五,研究利用网络编码技术改善无线广播系统的重传性能。提出一种基于随机网络编码的无线广播重传方法RNC-ARQ(Random Network Coding- Automatic Repeat Request)。该方法采用批处理方式发送广播数据包,并以单个批次长度为单位进行逐批重传操作。根据单个批次数据包接收反馈矩阵,源节点对该批次内的所有丢失包进行随机编码组合并重传,使各用户节点通过解线性方程组的方式恢复出丢失的数据包。针对Gilbert-Elliott模型表征的突发差错信道,建立了信道状态和节点接收处理流程合并的多状态马尔可夫模型,并以此为基础推导了随机编码重传方法的吞吐量闭合解。模拟实验验证了所提模型的正确性,结果表明同等信道条件下,基于随机网络编码的重传机制相对传统的选择重传机制和异或编码重传机制能获得更高的广播吞吐性能。
Recently, Network coding has been proved to be the breakthrough in the research field of network and communication. It is an effective technique to increase network capacity and improve the robustness and reliability of networks. It allows intermediate nodes to perform processing operations on the incoming packets, in addition to just forwarding them. The broadcast character of wireless link is very appropriate for the application of network coding technique. Currently, the combination of wireless network and network coding has gained significant interest domestic and overseas. This thesis investigates the application of network coding in wireless network. In order to improve the reliability and the throughput of wireless network, we do extensive research on network coding incorporated with the multicast communication in WLAN, the routing optimization in multi-hop network and the retransmission efficiency for wireless broadcast system, and focus on the protocol design and the theory for the performance analysis. The main inventive works and conclusions of the thesis are listed as follows.
Firstly,we review the recent development in theory and application of network coding technique. The conception and basic theory of the network coding are introduced. The construction and optimization of network coding schemes are classified and analyzed in detail. Furthermore, we summarize the state of arts in application of network coding in wireless networks and propose the key technologies, the open issues and challenges of network coding referring to both theory and application in near future.
Secondly, we propose a multicast MAC protocol called MPNC (Multicast Protocol based on Network Coding) based on network coding to solve the problem of the unreliable multicast service provided by IEEE 802.11 for the wireless local area network (WLAN). MPNC takes use of the network coding group to transmit multicast data frames. In multicast source node, the data frames are combined with random linear codes for transmission. In receiving nodes, the data frames are decoded after receiving enough combined frames. According to the 802.11 DCF exponential backoff mechanisms, we build the 2-dim Markov chain model for the channel contention of the multicast terminal and multiple unicast terminals. Analytic solutions are derived for the saturation throughput of MPNC under the error-prone channels. Simulation result validates the conclusion of the theory analysis, and shows that the MPNC scheme can effectively reduce the number of transmission for multicast frames and improve the bandwidth efficiency.
Thirdly, we propose a rate adaptive multicast MAC protocol based on network coding called RAMPNC (Rate Adaptive Multicast Protocol based on Network Coding) to solve the problem that the proposed multicast MAC protocols for WLAN can not adapt the quick channel variations. The proposed protocol has two key characters. In on aspect, RAMPNC takes use of the network coding group to transmit multicast data frames. The transmission times are reduced and the bandwidth efficiency is improved because of the information mixing character of the network coding. In the other aspect, the channel state information is obtained through RTS-CTS signal exchange. The RAMPNC can adjust the physical sending rate in accordance with the estimated SNR from multicast nodes. Simulation shows that RAMPNC can respond to channel variations quickly and achieve better performance than existing protocols in terms of multicast throughput, average frame transmission delay and frame delivery rate, etc.
Fourthly, we investigate the network coding transmission scheme for multiple unicast flows in wireless multihop networks. By integrating the advantage of both network coding and opportunistic routing, we propose a network coding-aware opportunistic routing protocol called NCAOR (Network Coding-Aware Opportunistic Routing). The expected transmission count (ETX) is selected as the opportunistic routing metric. For each hop, the node chooses multiple neighbors to form an opportunistic node set for forwarding, which is composed of nodes satisfied special conditions. And each opportunistic node computes the gain of the forwarding packet by the utility function, which considered both the distance to destination and the network coding gain. According to the computation result, each opportunistic node can set the forwarding time for receipted packet intelligently. By choosing the average transmission time of data packet as the metric, we analyze the transmission performance of the NCAOR for the scenarios of both one-hop relay with bi-directional unicast flows and multi-hop relays with bi-directional unicast flows. We discuss the influence of different parameters, such as the delivery probability of the wireless link, the number of opportunistic nodes and the average path length. Simulation results show that the proposed NCAOR can get better improvement on performance such as throughput, energy and network coding chances, when compared to the COPE(Complete Opportunity Encoding) using the traditional routing protocol.
Fifthly, we do some research on the improving the retransmission performance for wireless broadcast system with network coding. A broadcast retransmission scheme called RNC-ARQ (Random Network Coding-Automatic Repeat Request) based on the random network coding is put forward for the wireless broadcast system. The scheme transmits broadcast data packets in a batch processing mode and retransmits lost packets in a per-batch way. In accordance with the packet reception feedback matrix, the source combines all lost packets in a batch with random linear codes for retransmission. And all receiver nodes can recover the lost data packets by solving the linear equation system. Based on the Gilbert-Elliott channel model, a multi-state Markov model is generated by uniting the channel state with the reception mode of received nodes. Based on this model, the closed-form expressions are derived for the throughput of RNC-ARQ. Simulation result validates the theory analysis, and shows that the proposed RNC-ARQ scheme is better than the SR-ARQ(Selective Repeat-Automatic Repeat Request) and XOR-ARQ (XOR network coding-Automatic Repeat Request) scheme in terms of the throughput under the same channel conditions.
引文
[1] Nosratinia A, Hunter T, Hedayat A. Cooperative communication in wireless networks[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2004,42(10): 74~80.
[2] Biswas S, Morris R. Opportunistic routing in multi-hop wireless networks[J]. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2004, 34(1): 69~74.
[3] Ahlswede R, Cai N, Li S Y R, et al. Network Information Flow [J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2000, 46 (4): 1204~1216.
[4] Fragouli C, Katabi D, Markopoulou A, et al. Wireless Network Coding: Opportunities & Challenges[C]// In Proc. of Military Communications Conference, Orlando: IEEE Press, 2007: 1~8.
[5] Li S Y R, Yeung R W, Cai N. Linear network coding [J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2003, 49 (2): 371~381.
[6] Koetter R, Medard M. Beyond Routing: An algebraic Approach to network coding [C]// In Proc. of The 21st Annual Joint Conf. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, New York, USA: IEEE Press, 2002: 122~130.
[7] Koetter R, Medard M. An algebraic approach to network coding [J]. IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking, 2003, l1 (5):782~795.
[8] Jaggi S, Sanders P, Chou P A, et al. Polynomial time algorithms for multicast network code construction [J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2005, 51 (6): 1973~1982.
[9] Ho T, Medard M. On randomized network coding[C]// In Proc of the 41st Annual Allerton Conference on Communication Control and Computing, Monticello, IL: the Univercity of Illinois Press, 2003.
[10] Chou P A, Wu P A, Jain K. Practical network coding [C] // In Proc. of The 41st Annual Allerton Conf. on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL: the Univercity of Illinois Press, 2003.
[11] Gkantsidis C, Rodriguez P. Network coding for large scale content distribution[C] // In Proc. of the IEEE Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Miami, FL: IEEE Press, 2005: 13~17.
[12] Park J S, Lun D S, Soldo F, et al. Performance of Network Coding in Ad Hoc Networks [C]//In Proc. of the 25th Military Communications Conf. (MILCOM 2006), Washington, DC: IEEE Press, 2006: 1~6.
[13] Wang D, Zhang Q, Liu J C. Partial Network Coding: Theory and Application in Continuous Sensor Data Collection[C]//The 14th IEEE Int’l Workshop on Quality of Service, Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Press, 2006: 1~6.
[14] Wang M, Li B C. How Practical is Network Coding?[C]//In Proc. of the Fourteenth IEEE International Workshop on Quality of Service , New Haven, CT, USA :IEEE Press, 2006, 274~278.
[15] Dimakis A G, Godfrey P B, Wainwright M, et al. Network Coding for Distributed Storage Systems[C]// In Proc. of the 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK, USA:IEEE press, 2007:2000~2008.
[16] Ho T, Leong B, Koetter R, et al. Byzantine modification detection in multicast networks using randomized network coding [C] // In Proc. of the IEEE Int’l Symp. on Information Theory, Chicago, IL: IEEE Press, 2004: 144~152.
[17] Zhang J Y, Fan Pingyi, Letaief K.B. Network Coding for Efficient Multicast Routing in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks[J]. IEEE Trans. on Communications, No.4, April.2008: 598~607.
[18]汤恒胜,匡麟玲,周祖成,等.低轨卫星网络中的自适应速率网络编码[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 49(10):95~98.
[19]李姗姗,廖湘科,朱培栋,等.基于网络编码的无线传感网多路径传输方法[J].软件学报, 2008,19(10): 2638~2647.
[20]杨林,郑刚.基于网络编码的无线局域网多播MAC协议及性能分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2009, 40(4): 1008~1014.
[21]杨林,郑刚.一种基于网络编码的速率自适应多播MAC协议[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 36(11): 57~61.
[22]马冠骏,许胤龙,林明宏,等.基于网络编码的P2P内容分发性能分析[J].中国科学技术大学学报.2006, 36(11): 1237~1240.
[23]肖潇,杨路明,王伟平.高损耗无线网络中基于网络编码的广播重传策略研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 39 (6 ):1291~1295.
[24]郝建军,李剑峰,罗涛,等.网络卷积协同通信新系统及性能[J].北京邮电大学学报, 2008, 31(4): 15~19.
[25]刘晗.无线网络中基于网络编码的多源间信息交换[J].计算机应用,2007, 27(1):30-34.
[26] Dougherty R, Freiling C, and Zeger K. Insufficiency of linear coding in network information flow[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2005,51(8): 2745~2759.
[27] Shintre S, Katti S, Jaggi S, et al. "Real" and "Complex" Network Codes: Promises and Challenges[C]// In Proc. of Network Coding, Theory and Applications, Hongkong: ACM Press, 2008: 1~6.
[28] Fragouli C, Boudec J-Y L, Widmer J. Network coding: An instant primer [J]. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2006, 36(1): 63~68.
[29] Fragouli C, Soljanin E. Information Flow Decomposition for Network Coding[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2006, 52(3): 829~848.
[30] Jaggi S, Langberg M, Ho T, et al. Correction of adversarial errors in networks[C]// In Proc. of the Int’l Symp. on Information Theory and its Applications, Adelaide, SA: IEEE press, 2005: 1455~1459.
[31] Jaggi S, Langberg M, Katti S, et al. Resilient Network Coding in the Presence of Byzantine Adversaries[C]// In Proc. of the 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK: IEEE press, 2007: 616~624.
[32] Wang M, Li B C. How Practical is Network Coding? [C]// In Proc. of the Fourteenth IEEE International Workshop on Quality of Service, New Haven, CT: IEEE press, 2006, 274~278.
[33]刘亚杰,窦文华.基于网络编码的P2P流媒体[J]。计算机工程与科学,2006,28(9): 33~38.
[34] Wang M, Li B C. Lava: A Reality Check of Network Coding in Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming[C]// In Proc. of the 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK: IEEE press, 2007 : 1082~1090.
[35] Li Z, Li B. Network coding in undirected networks[C]// In: Proc. of the 38th Annual Conf. on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS), Princeton, NJ:IEEE press, 2004: 257~262.
[36] Karandey S, Wang Z, Sadjadpoury H R,et al. Network Coding Does Not Change The Multicast Throughput Order of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks[C]// In Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Communications, Santa Cruz, CA, USA: IEEE press, 2009, 1~5.
[37]王静,刘景美,王新梅,等。一种网络编码的多播路由算法[J]。西安电子科技大学学报, 2008, 35(1):71~75.
[38] Lun D S, Medard M, Koetter R. Efficient operation of wireless packet networks using network coding. In: Proc. of the Int’l Workshop on Convergent Technologies (IWCT). 2005.
[39] Wu Y, Chou P A, Kung SY. Minimum-energy multicast in mobile ad hoc networks using network coding[J]. IEEE Trans. on Communications, 2005, 56(11): 1906~1918.
[40] Nguyen D, Nguyen T, Bose B. Wireless broadcast using network coding[C]// In Proc. of the Third Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, San Diego, CA: ACM Press, 2007: 1~11.
[41] Tran T, Nguyen T, Bose B. A Joint Network-Channel Coding Technique for Single-Hop Wireless Networks[C]//Fourth Workshop on Network Coding, Theory and Applications, 2008.
[42] Ghaderi M, Towsley D, Kurose J. Network coding performance for reliable multicast [C]// In Proc. of the IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2007:1~7.
[43] Ghaderi M, Towsley D, Kurose J. Reliability gain of network coding in lossy wireless networks[C]//In Proc. of the IEEE 27th Conference on ComputerCommunications, Beijing, China: IEEE press, 2008: 2171~2179.
[44] Eryilmaz A, Ozdaglar A, Medard M. On Delay Performance Gains from Network Coding[C]//In Proc. of the Conference Inform. Sci. and Syst., Princeton, NJ: IEEE press, 2006: 864~870.
[45] Lun D S, Ratnakar N, Medard M, et al. Minimum-Cost Multicast Over Coded Packet Networks[J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2006, 52(6): 2608~2623.
[46] Langberg M, Sprintson A, Bruck J. The encoding complexity of network coding[J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2006,52(6): 2386?2397.
[47] Erez E, Feder M. Code Construction for Two-Source Interference Networks [C]// In Proc. of the 3rd Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, San Diego, CA, USA: ACM press, 2007.
[48] Cui T, Chen L J, Ho T. Optimization based rate control for multicast with network coding: A multipath formulation[C]// In Proc. of the 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, New Orleans, LA : IEEE press, 2007:6041~6046.
[49] Liu J,Goeckel D,TowsleyD.The throughput order of ad-hoc networks employing network coding and broadcasting [C]// In Proc. of the Military Communications Conference (MILCOM2006), Washington, DC: IEEE press, 2006:1~7.
[50] Liu J,Goeckel D,Towsley D.Bounds on the gain of network coding and broadcasting in wireless networks[C]// In Proc. of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications(INFOCOM2007), Anchorage, Alaska, USA: IEEE press, 2007: 724~732.
[51] Lu K, Fu S, Qian Y. Capacity of random wireless networks:impact of physical-layer network coding[C]// In Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC2008), Beijing, China: IEEE press, 2008, 3903~3907.
[52] Zhang S,Liew S C,Lam P K.Physical layer network coding[C]// In Proc. of the 12th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM2006), Los Angeles, CA, USA: ACM press, 2006, 358~365.
[53] Katti S, Gollakota S, Katabi D. Embracing wireless interference:Analog network coding[C]// In Proc. of the ACM the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications (SIGCOMM2007),Kyoto, Japan: ACM press, 2007: 397~408.
[54] Katti S, Rahul H, Hu W, et al. Xors in the Air: Practical Wireless Network Coding[J]. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2006, 36(4): 243~ 254.
[55] Wu Y, Chou P A, Kung S Y. Information exchange in wireless networks with network coding and physical-layer broadcast [C]// In Proc. of the 39th AnnualConference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS), Baltimore, MD, 2005.
[56] Zhang X Y, Li B C. Optimized Multipath Network Coding in Lossy Wireless Networks[C]// In Proc. of the 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, Washington, DC, USA: ACM press, 2008: 243~250.
[57] Qin C, Xian Y, C Gray, et al. I2MIX: Integration of Intra-flow and Inter-flow Wireless Network Coding[C]// IEEE Annual Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks Workshops, San Francisco, CA: IEEE press, 2008:1~6.
[58] Hausl C, Dupraz P. Joint Network-Channel Coding for the Multiple- Access Relay Channel[C]// In Proc. of the IEEE Communications Society Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, Reston, VA: IEEE Press, 2006: 817~822.
[59] Wu Y, Das S M, Chandra R. Routing with a Markovian metric to promote local mixing[C]// In Proc. of 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK,USA: IEEE press, 2007: 2381~ 2385.
[60] Le J L, Lui J C S, Chiu D M. DCAR: Distributedcoding-aware routing in wireless networks [C]// In Proc. of the 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, Beijing, China:IEEE press, 2008: 462~469.
[61] Seferoglu H, Markopoulou A, Kozat U. Network Coding-Aware Rate Control and Scheduling in Wireless Networks[C]// In Proc. of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Multimedia and Expo,New York, NY, USA: ACM press, 2009: 1496~1499.
[62] Scalia L, Soldo F, Gerla M. PiggyCode: a MAC layer network coding scheme to improve TCP performance over wireless networks[C]// In Proc. of the IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, Washington, DC : IEEE press, 2007: 3672~3677.
[63]卢开澄,卢华明.图论及其应用(第二版)[M],清华大学出版社.
[64]兰家隆,刘军.应用图论及算法[M],电子科技大学出版社.
[65] Erez E, Feder M. Convolutional network codes for cyclic networks [C]// In Proc. of the 1st Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, Riva del Garda, Italy: ACM press, 2005.
[66] Sanders P, Egner S, Tolhuizen L. Polynomial time algorithms for the construction of multicast network codes[C]// In Proc. of the 41st Annual Allerton Conference on Communication Control and Computing, Illinois, USA: the University of Illinois Press,2003.
[67] Sundararajan J K, Medard M, Koetter R, et al. A Systematic Approach to Network Coding Problems using Conflict Graphs[C]// In Proc. of the UCSD Information Theory and Applications Inaugural Workshop, San Diego, USA: the University of California press, 2006.
[68] Harvey N, Karger D, Murota K. Deterministic Network Coding by Matrix Completion [C]// In Proc. of the sixteenth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms, Vancouver, British Columbia: ACM press, 2005: 489~498.
[69] Fragouli C, Soljanin E, Shokrollahi A. Network Coding as a Coloring Problem[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, Princeton, NJ: IEEE press, 2004.
[70] Fragouli C, Soljanin E. Decentralized Network Coding [C] // In Proc. of IEEE Information Theory Workshop, San Antonio, Texas: IEEE Press, 2004: 24~29.
[71] Lun D S, Medard M, Ho T, et al. Network Coding with a Cost Criterion[C]// In Proc. of the International Symposium on Information Theory and its Applications, Parma, Italy: IEEE press, 2004:1232~1237.
[72] Lun D S, Ratnakar N, Koetter R, et al.Achieving minimum-cost multicast: a decentralized approach based on network coding[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Miami, FL: IEEE press, 2005, 1607~1617.
[73] Thibault J-P, Yousefi S, Chan W-Y. Throughput performance of generation-based network coding[C]//In Proc. of the 10th Canadian Workshop on Information Theory, Edmonton, Canada: IEEE press, 2007, 89~92.
[74] Lim C H, Lee P J. More flexible exponentiation with precomputation [C]// In Proc. of the 14th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology, London, UK: Springer Verlag, 1994: 95~107.
[75] Nad T. A Krishnamurthy. Problems with network coding in overlay networks [EB/OL]. http://zoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/ cs490/04-05a/tomislav.nad.pdf, 2007-05-20
[76] Wu Y N, Jain K, Kung S Y. A unification of Menger’s and Edmonds’graph theorems and Aslswede et al’s network coding theorem [C]// In Proc. of the 42nd Conf. on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL: 2004.
[77] Langberg M, Sprintson A, Bruck J. The encoding complexity of network coding [J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2006, 52 (6): 2386~2397.
[78] Kim M, Ahn C W, Medard M, et al. On Minimizing Network Coding Resources: An Evolutionary Approach[C]// In Proc. of the 2nd Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, Boston, MA: ACM press, 2006.
[79] Kim M, Medard M, Aggarwal V, et al. Evolutionary Approaches to Minimizing Network Coding Resources[C]// In Proc. of the 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK: IEEE press, 2007: 1991~1999.
[80] Maymounkov P, Harvey N J A, Lun D S. Methods for Efficient Network Coding [C]// In Proc. of the 44th Annual Allerton Conf. on Communication, Control, and Computing, Illinois, USA: the University of Illinois Press, 2006.
[81] Wu Y N, Kung S-Y. Reduced-complexity network coding for multicasting over ad hoc networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech, and Signal Processing, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia: IEEE press, 2005:18~23.
[82] Wu Y N, Chou P A, Zhang Q, et al. Network planning in wireless ad hoc networks: A cross-layer approach[J]. IEEE Jounal on Selected Areas Communication,2005, 23(1):136~150
[83] Ho T, Jin J-Q, Viswanathan H. On network coding and routing in dynamic wireless multicast networks[C]// In Proc. of Information Theory and its Applications, UCSD, 2006.
[84] Neely M, Modiano E, Rohrs C E. Dynamic power allocation and routing for time-varying wireless networks[C]// In Proc. of Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications, San Francisco, CA: IEEE press, 2003: 745~755.
[85] Yuan J, Li Z P, Yu W, et al. A Cross-Layer Optimization Framework for Multicast in Multi-hop Wireless Networks[C].In Proc. of First International Conference of Wireless Internet (WICON), Budapest, Hungary: IEEE press, 2005: 47~54.
[86] Viet D T M, Chau N H, Lee W J, et al. Using Cross-layer Heuristic and Network Coding to Improve throughput in Multicast Wireless Mesh Networks[C]// In Proc. of the International Conference on Information Networking, Busan: IEEE press, 2008: 1~5.
[87] Han S, Zhong Z, Li H, et al. Coding-aware multi-path routing in multi-hop wireless networks[C]//In Proc. of the 27th IEEE Conference on Performance, Computing, and Communications, TX, USA:IEEE press, 2008:93~100.
[88] Yan Y, Zhao Z, Zhang B, et al. Rate-adaptive coding-aware multiple path routing for wireless mesh networks[C]//In Proc. of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, New Orleans, LA,USA: IEEE press, 2008: 543~547.
[89] Popovski P, Yomo H. Wireless network coding by amplify-and-forward for bi-directional traffic flows[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2007,11(1): 16~18.
[90] Popovski P, Yomo H. Physical network coding in two-way wireless relay channels[C]// In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, Glasgow: IEEE press, 2007: 707~712.
[91] Hausl C, Hagenauer J. Iterative Network and Channel Decoding for the Two-Way Relay Channel[C]// In Proc.of IEEE International Conference on Communications ( ICC), Istanbul: IEEE Press, 2006: 1568~1573.
[92] Yeung R W, Cai N. Network error correction, part I: Basic concepts and upper bounds [J]. Communications in Information and Systems, 2006, 6 (1): 19~36.
[93] Cai N, Yeung R W. Network error correction, part II: Lower bounds [J]. Communications in Information and Systems, 2006, 6 (1): 37~54.
[94] Yang S H, Yeung R W. Refined coding bounds for network error correction[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Information Theory Workshop, Bergen, Norway: IEEE press, 2007:1~5.
[95] Matsumoto R. Construction algorithm for network error-correcting codes attaining the Singleton bound [J]. IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences, 2007, 90 (9): 1~7.
[96] Larsson P. Multicast Multiuser ARQ[C]//In Proc. of IEEE Wireless Communication & Networking Conference (WCNC), Las Vegas, USA: IEEE press, 2008: 1985~1990.
[97] Fragouli C, Widmer J, Boudec J L. A Network Coding Approach to Energy Efficient Broadcasting: from Theory to Practice[C]// In Proc. of International Conference on Computer Communications, Barcelona, Spain: IEEE press, 2006: 1~11.
[98] Petrovic D, Ramchandran K, Rabaey J. Coding for sensor networks using untuned radios[C]// In Proc. of Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2005: 1093~1097.
[99] Yang Y W, Zhong C S, Sun Y M, et al. Energy Efficient Reliable Multi-path Routing Using Network Coding for Sensor Network[J]. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, 2008, 8(12): 329~338.
[100] Krohn M N, Freedman M J, Mazieres D. On-the-fly verification of rateless erasure codes for efficient content distribution [C]//In IEEE Symp. on Security and Privacy, Oakland, CA: IEEE press, 2004: 226~240.
[101] Charles D, Jain K, Lauter K. Signatures for network coding [C]// In Proc. of the 40th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, Princeton, NJ: IEEE press, 2006: 857~863.
[102] Paulo F, Barros J. Network Coding Protocols for Secret Key Distribution [J]. On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems, 2009, 48(4): 1718~1733.
[103] Ono F, Sakaguchi K. Space time coded MIMO network coding[C]// In Proc. of 19th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, Cannes: IEEE press, 2008: 1~5.
[104] Yang S H, Wu J. Efficient Broadcasting Using Network Coding and Directional Antennas in MANETs[J]. IEEE Trans. on Paraller and Distributed Systems, 2010, 21(2):148~161.
[105]吕凌,于宏毅.一种基于空时码的协作网络编码技术及其性能分析[J].电子与信息学报, 2008, 30(7): 1598~1601.
[106] Silva D, Kschischang Frank R. Rank-Metric Codes for Priority Encoding Transmission with Network Coding[C]// In Proc. of the 10th Canadian Workshop on Inform.Theory, Edmonton,Alberta,Canada: IEEE press, 2007:81~84.
[107] Zhao J, Yang F, Zhang Q, et al. LION: Layered Overlay Multicast with Network Coding [J]. IEEE Trans. on Multimedia, 2006, 8 (5), 1021~1032.
[108] Sunwoo Kim,Won W. Ro. FPGA implementation of highly parallelized decoder logic for network coding[C]// In Proc. of the 18th annual ACM/SIGDAinternational symposium on Field programmable gate arrays, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010: 284~284.
[109] Chen W, Letaief K B, Cao Z G. A Cross Layer Method for Interference Cancellation and Network Coding in Wireless Networks[C]// In Proc. of the 41th IEEE International Conference on Communications, Istanbul: IEEE press, 2006: 3693~3698.
[110] IEEE. Part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications[S]. IEEE Std 802.11?1999,1999.
[111] Dujovne D, Turletti T. Multicast in 802.11 WLANs - An Experimental Study[C]// In Proc. of International Workshop on Modeling Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, Torremolinos, Spain: ACM press, 2006: 130~138.
[112] Gupta S K S, Shankar V, Lalwani S. Reliable multicast MAC Protocol for wireless LANs[C]// In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2003: 93~97.
[113] Chiu C Y, Wu E H, Chen G H. A reliable and efficient MAC layer broadcast (multicast) protocol for mobile ad hoc networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2004: 2802~2807.
[114] Si W, Li C. RMAC: A reliable multicast MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks[C]//In Proc. of International Conference on Parallel Processing, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2004: 494~501.
[115] Kuri J, Kasera S K. Reliable multicast in multi-access wireless LANs[J]. ACM/Kluwer Wireless Networks Journal, 2001, 7(4): 359~369.
[116] Bao C W, Liao W J. Performance Analysis of reliable MAC layer multicast for IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs[C]// In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), San Jose: IEEE Press, 2005: 1378~1382.
[117] Kamerman A, Monteban L. WaveLAN II: A high-performance wireless LAN for the unlicensed band, Bell Labs Technical Journal, 1997,118~133.
[118] Choi S, Choi N, Seok Y, et al. Leader-based Rate Adaptive multicasting for wireless LANs[C]//In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Global Telecommunications Conference, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2007: 3656~3660.
[119] Holland G, Vaidya N, Bahl P. A Rate-Adaptive MAC Protocol for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks[C]//In Proc. of the international conference on Mobile computing and networking, Rome, Italy: ACM press, 2001: 236~251.
[120] Villalon J , Seok Y, Turl E T, et al. ARSM: auto rate selection multicast mechanism for multirate wireless LANs[J]. IET Communications, 2007, 1(5): 893~ 902.
[121] Choi N, Ryu J, Seok Y, et al. Unicast-Friendly Multicast in IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs[C]// In Proc. of Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, Las Vegas, Nevada: IEEE press, 2006: 730~734.
[122] Chandra A, Gummalla V, Limb J O. Wireless medium access controlprotocols[J]. IEEE Communications. Surveys and Tutorials, 2000, 3(2): 2~15.
[123] Issariyakul T, Hossain E, Kim D I. Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: Issues and Approaches[J]. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2003,3(8):935~958.
[124] Bianch G. Performance analysis of the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function[J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2000, 18(3): 1265~1275.
[125] IEEE 802.11b, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications: High-speed Physical Layer Extension in the 2.4 GHz Band. Supplement to IEEE 802.11 Standard, Sept. 1999.
[126] IEEE 802.11a, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications: High-speed Physical Layer in the 5 GHz Band. Supplement to IEEE 802.11 Standard, Sept. 1999.
[127] IEEE 802.11g, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications: Further Higher Data Rate Extension in the 2.4 GHz Band. Supplement to IEEE 802.11 Standard,2003
[128] Biswas S, Morris R. ExOR: Opportunistic Multi-Hop Routing for Wireless Networks[J]. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2005,35(4): 133~144.
[129] Zeng K, Lou W J, Zhai H Q. On End-to-end Throughput of Opportunistic Routing in Multirate and Multihop Wireless Networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Phoenix, AZ: IEEE Press, 2008: 816~824.
[130] Rozner E, Seshadri J, Mehta Y, et al. Simple Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Workshop on WiMesh, Reston, VA: IEEE Press, 2006: 48~54.
[131] Rayanchu S, Sengupta S, Banerjee S, et al. An Analysis of Wireless Network Coding for Unicast Sessions: The Case for Coding-Aware Routing [C] // In Proc. of The 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK: IEEE press, 2007: 1028~1036.
[132] Jain K, Padhye J, Padmanabhan V N, et a1.Impact of interference on multi-hopwireless network performance[C]// In Proc.of the ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking(MOBICOM 2003),San Diego, CA, USA : ACM press, 2003: 66~80.
[133] Ni B, Santhapuri N, Zhong Z, et al. Routing with Opportunistically Coded Exchanges in Wireless Mesh Networks[C]//In Proc. of SECON’06. Reston, VA: IEEE Press, 2006: 157~159.
[134] Fan K,Wei Q, Long D Y.A Load-Balanced Route Selection for Network Coding in Wireless Mesh Networks[C]// In Proc. of the 44th IEEE InternationalConference on Communications, Dresden, Germany: IEEE press, 2009 : 1~6.
[135] Yan Y, Zhao Z, Zhang B, et al. Rate-adaptive coding-aware multiple path routing for wireless mesh networks [C]//In Proc. of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, New Orleans, LA,USA: IEEE press, 2008: 543~547.
[136] Yan Y, Zhao Z, Zhang B, et al. Mechanism for maximizing area-centric coding gains in wireless multihop networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, Dresden, Germany: IEEE press, 2009: 14~18.
[137] Rayanchu S, Sen S, Wu J M, et al. Loss-Aware Network Coding for Unicast Wireless Sessions-Design, Implementation, and Performance Evaluation[C]// In Proc. of the ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems, Annapolis, MD: ACM press, 2008: 85~96.
[138] Prasad R, Wu H Y, Perkins D, et al. Local Topology Assisted XOR Coding in Wireless Mesh Networks[C]//In Proc. of The 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, Beijing,China:IEEE press,2008: 156~161.
[139] Xiao N, Ding L, Li M L, et al. Geographic Probabilistic Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Network[J]. Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies, 2007, 4847: 477~486.
[140] Douglas S J, De C, Daniel A, et al. A High-Throughput Path Metric for Multi-Hop Wireless Routing[C]//In Proc. of ACM Mobicom, New York, NY: ACM Press, 2003: 134~146.
[141] Draves R, Padhye J, Zill B. Routing in multi-radio, multi-hop wireless mesh networks[C]//In Proc. of the ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM2004), NY: ACM Press, 2004, 114~128.
[142] Perkins C,Royer E.Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing[C]// In Proc. of Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, New Orleans, LA: IEEE press, 1999: 90~100.
[143] NS2 [EB/OL]. http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns, updated, 2007.
[144] Lin S, Costello D J.差错控制编码(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2007.
[145] Sagduyu Y E, Ephremides A. On broadcast stability region in random access through network coding [C]//In Proc. of the 44th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL: The University of Illinois Press, 2006: 143~150.
[146] Nguyen D, Nguyen T, Bose B. Wireless broadcast using network coding [J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2008, 58(2): 914~925.
[147] Ghaderi M, Towsley D, Kurose J. Reliability Gain of Network Coding in Lossy Wireless Networks[C]//In Proc. of IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, Phoenix, AZ:IEEE press, 2008: 2171~2179.
[148] Rouayheb S Y, Chaudhry M A, Sprintson A. On the Minimum Number of Transmissions in Single-Hop Wireless Coding Networks[C]//In Proc. of IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW), Lake Tahoe, CA:IEEE press, 2007: 120~125.
[149]肖潇,杨路明,张帅,等.一种应用随机线性网络编码的无线广播重传策略[J].小型微型计算机系统, 2009, 30(5):817~821
[150] Gilbert E N. Capacity of A Burst-noise Channel[J]. The Bell System Technical Journal, 1960, 39(9): 1253~1265.
[151] Lugand L R, Costello D J, Deng R H. Parity Retransmission Hybrid ARQ Using Rate 1/2 Convolutional Codes on a Nonstationarv Channel[J]. IEEE Trans. on Communications, 1989, 37(7): 755~765.
[152] NS2 [EB/OL]. http://hpds.ee.ncku.edu.tw/~smallko/ns2/ns2.htm.
[2] Biswas S, Morris R. Opportunistic routing in multi-hop wireless networks[J]. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2004, 34(1): 69~74.
[3] Ahlswede R, Cai N, Li S Y R, et al. Network Information Flow [J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2000, 46 (4): 1204~1216.
[4] Fragouli C, Katabi D, Markopoulou A, et al. Wireless Network Coding: Opportunities & Challenges[C]// In Proc. of Military Communications Conference, Orlando: IEEE Press, 2007: 1~8.
[5] Li S Y R, Yeung R W, Cai N. Linear network coding [J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2003, 49 (2): 371~381.
[6] Koetter R, Medard M. Beyond Routing: An algebraic Approach to network coding [C]// In Proc. of The 21st Annual Joint Conf. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, New York, USA: IEEE Press, 2002: 122~130.
[7] Koetter R, Medard M. An algebraic approach to network coding [J]. IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking, 2003, l1 (5):782~795.
[8] Jaggi S, Sanders P, Chou P A, et al. Polynomial time algorithms for multicast network code construction [J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2005, 51 (6): 1973~1982.
[9] Ho T, Medard M. On randomized network coding[C]// In Proc of the 41st Annual Allerton Conference on Communication Control and Computing, Monticello, IL: the Univercity of Illinois Press, 2003.
[10] Chou P A, Wu P A, Jain K. Practical network coding [C] // In Proc. of The 41st Annual Allerton Conf. on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL: the Univercity of Illinois Press, 2003.
[11] Gkantsidis C, Rodriguez P. Network coding for large scale content distribution[C] // In Proc. of the IEEE Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Miami, FL: IEEE Press, 2005: 13~17.
[12] Park J S, Lun D S, Soldo F, et al. Performance of Network Coding in Ad Hoc Networks [C]//In Proc. of the 25th Military Communications Conf. (MILCOM 2006), Washington, DC: IEEE Press, 2006: 1~6.
[13] Wang D, Zhang Q, Liu J C. Partial Network Coding: Theory and Application in Continuous Sensor Data Collection[C]//The 14th IEEE Int’l Workshop on Quality of Service, Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Press, 2006: 1~6.
[14] Wang M, Li B C. How Practical is Network Coding?[C]//In Proc. of the Fourteenth IEEE International Workshop on Quality of Service , New Haven, CT, USA :IEEE Press, 2006, 274~278.
[15] Dimakis A G, Godfrey P B, Wainwright M, et al. Network Coding for Distributed Storage Systems[C]// In Proc. of the 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK, USA:IEEE press, 2007:2000~2008.
[16] Ho T, Leong B, Koetter R, et al. Byzantine modification detection in multicast networks using randomized network coding [C] // In Proc. of the IEEE Int’l Symp. on Information Theory, Chicago, IL: IEEE Press, 2004: 144~152.
[17] Zhang J Y, Fan Pingyi, Letaief K.B. Network Coding for Efficient Multicast Routing in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks[J]. IEEE Trans. on Communications, No.4, April.2008: 598~607.
[18]汤恒胜,匡麟玲,周祖成,等.低轨卫星网络中的自适应速率网络编码[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 49(10):95~98.
[19]李姗姗,廖湘科,朱培栋,等.基于网络编码的无线传感网多路径传输方法[J].软件学报, 2008,19(10): 2638~2647.
[20]杨林,郑刚.基于网络编码的无线局域网多播MAC协议及性能分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2009, 40(4): 1008~1014.
[21]杨林,郑刚.一种基于网络编码的速率自适应多播MAC协议[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 36(11): 57~61.
[22]马冠骏,许胤龙,林明宏,等.基于网络编码的P2P内容分发性能分析[J].中国科学技术大学学报.2006, 36(11): 1237~1240.
[23]肖潇,杨路明,王伟平.高损耗无线网络中基于网络编码的广播重传策略研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 39 (6 ):1291~1295.
[24]郝建军,李剑峰,罗涛,等.网络卷积协同通信新系统及性能[J].北京邮电大学学报, 2008, 31(4): 15~19.
[25]刘晗.无线网络中基于网络编码的多源间信息交换[J].计算机应用,2007, 27(1):30-34.
[26] Dougherty R, Freiling C, and Zeger K. Insufficiency of linear coding in network information flow[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2005,51(8): 2745~2759.
[27] Shintre S, Katti S, Jaggi S, et al. "Real" and "Complex" Network Codes: Promises and Challenges[C]// In Proc. of Network Coding, Theory and Applications, Hongkong: ACM Press, 2008: 1~6.
[28] Fragouli C, Boudec J-Y L, Widmer J. Network coding: An instant primer [J]. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2006, 36(1): 63~68.
[29] Fragouli C, Soljanin E. Information Flow Decomposition for Network Coding[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2006, 52(3): 829~848.
[30] Jaggi S, Langberg M, Ho T, et al. Correction of adversarial errors in networks[C]// In Proc. of the Int’l Symp. on Information Theory and its Applications, Adelaide, SA: IEEE press, 2005: 1455~1459.
[31] Jaggi S, Langberg M, Katti S, et al. Resilient Network Coding in the Presence of Byzantine Adversaries[C]// In Proc. of the 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK: IEEE press, 2007: 616~624.
[32] Wang M, Li B C. How Practical is Network Coding? [C]// In Proc. of the Fourteenth IEEE International Workshop on Quality of Service, New Haven, CT: IEEE press, 2006, 274~278.
[33]刘亚杰,窦文华.基于网络编码的P2P流媒体[J]。计算机工程与科学,2006,28(9): 33~38.
[34] Wang M, Li B C. Lava: A Reality Check of Network Coding in Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming[C]// In Proc. of the 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK: IEEE press, 2007 : 1082~1090.
[35] Li Z, Li B. Network coding in undirected networks[C]// In: Proc. of the 38th Annual Conf. on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS), Princeton, NJ:IEEE press, 2004: 257~262.
[36] Karandey S, Wang Z, Sadjadpoury H R,et al. Network Coding Does Not Change The Multicast Throughput Order of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks[C]// In Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Communications, Santa Cruz, CA, USA: IEEE press, 2009, 1~5.
[37]王静,刘景美,王新梅,等。一种网络编码的多播路由算法[J]。西安电子科技大学学报, 2008, 35(1):71~75.
[38] Lun D S, Medard M, Koetter R. Efficient operation of wireless packet networks using network coding. In: Proc. of the Int’l Workshop on Convergent Technologies (IWCT). 2005.
[39] Wu Y, Chou P A, Kung SY. Minimum-energy multicast in mobile ad hoc networks using network coding[J]. IEEE Trans. on Communications, 2005, 56(11): 1906~1918.
[40] Nguyen D, Nguyen T, Bose B. Wireless broadcast using network coding[C]// In Proc. of the Third Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, San Diego, CA: ACM Press, 2007: 1~11.
[41] Tran T, Nguyen T, Bose B. A Joint Network-Channel Coding Technique for Single-Hop Wireless Networks[C]//Fourth Workshop on Network Coding, Theory and Applications, 2008.
[42] Ghaderi M, Towsley D, Kurose J. Network coding performance for reliable multicast [C]// In Proc. of the IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2007:1~7.
[43] Ghaderi M, Towsley D, Kurose J. Reliability gain of network coding in lossy wireless networks[C]//In Proc. of the IEEE 27th Conference on ComputerCommunications, Beijing, China: IEEE press, 2008: 2171~2179.
[44] Eryilmaz A, Ozdaglar A, Medard M. On Delay Performance Gains from Network Coding[C]//In Proc. of the Conference Inform. Sci. and Syst., Princeton, NJ: IEEE press, 2006: 864~870.
[45] Lun D S, Ratnakar N, Medard M, et al. Minimum-Cost Multicast Over Coded Packet Networks[J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2006, 52(6): 2608~2623.
[46] Langberg M, Sprintson A, Bruck J. The encoding complexity of network coding[J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2006,52(6): 2386?2397.
[47] Erez E, Feder M. Code Construction for Two-Source Interference Networks [C]// In Proc. of the 3rd Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, San Diego, CA, USA: ACM press, 2007.
[48] Cui T, Chen L J, Ho T. Optimization based rate control for multicast with network coding: A multipath formulation[C]// In Proc. of the 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, New Orleans, LA : IEEE press, 2007:6041~6046.
[49] Liu J,Goeckel D,TowsleyD.The throughput order of ad-hoc networks employing network coding and broadcasting [C]// In Proc. of the Military Communications Conference (MILCOM2006), Washington, DC: IEEE press, 2006:1~7.
[50] Liu J,Goeckel D,Towsley D.Bounds on the gain of network coding and broadcasting in wireless networks[C]// In Proc. of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications(INFOCOM2007), Anchorage, Alaska, USA: IEEE press, 2007: 724~732.
[51] Lu K, Fu S, Qian Y. Capacity of random wireless networks:impact of physical-layer network coding[C]// In Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC2008), Beijing, China: IEEE press, 2008, 3903~3907.
[52] Zhang S,Liew S C,Lam P K.Physical layer network coding[C]// In Proc. of the 12th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM2006), Los Angeles, CA, USA: ACM press, 2006, 358~365.
[53] Katti S, Gollakota S, Katabi D. Embracing wireless interference:Analog network coding[C]// In Proc. of the ACM the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications (SIGCOMM2007),Kyoto, Japan: ACM press, 2007: 397~408.
[54] Katti S, Rahul H, Hu W, et al. Xors in the Air: Practical Wireless Network Coding[J]. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2006, 36(4): 243~ 254.
[55] Wu Y, Chou P A, Kung S Y. Information exchange in wireless networks with network coding and physical-layer broadcast [C]// In Proc. of the 39th AnnualConference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS), Baltimore, MD, 2005.
[56] Zhang X Y, Li B C. Optimized Multipath Network Coding in Lossy Wireless Networks[C]// In Proc. of the 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, Washington, DC, USA: ACM press, 2008: 243~250.
[57] Qin C, Xian Y, C Gray, et al. I2MIX: Integration of Intra-flow and Inter-flow Wireless Network Coding[C]// IEEE Annual Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks Workshops, San Francisco, CA: IEEE press, 2008:1~6.
[58] Hausl C, Dupraz P. Joint Network-Channel Coding for the Multiple- Access Relay Channel[C]// In Proc. of the IEEE Communications Society Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, Reston, VA: IEEE Press, 2006: 817~822.
[59] Wu Y, Das S M, Chandra R. Routing with a Markovian metric to promote local mixing[C]// In Proc. of 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK,USA: IEEE press, 2007: 2381~ 2385.
[60] Le J L, Lui J C S, Chiu D M. DCAR: Distributedcoding-aware routing in wireless networks [C]// In Proc. of the 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, Beijing, China:IEEE press, 2008: 462~469.
[61] Seferoglu H, Markopoulou A, Kozat U. Network Coding-Aware Rate Control and Scheduling in Wireless Networks[C]// In Proc. of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Multimedia and Expo,New York, NY, USA: ACM press, 2009: 1496~1499.
[62] Scalia L, Soldo F, Gerla M. PiggyCode: a MAC layer network coding scheme to improve TCP performance over wireless networks[C]// In Proc. of the IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, Washington, DC : IEEE press, 2007: 3672~3677.
[63]卢开澄,卢华明.图论及其应用(第二版)[M],清华大学出版社.
[64]兰家隆,刘军.应用图论及算法[M],电子科技大学出版社.
[65] Erez E, Feder M. Convolutional network codes for cyclic networks [C]// In Proc. of the 1st Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, Riva del Garda, Italy: ACM press, 2005.
[66] Sanders P, Egner S, Tolhuizen L. Polynomial time algorithms for the construction of multicast network codes[C]// In Proc. of the 41st Annual Allerton Conference on Communication Control and Computing, Illinois, USA: the University of Illinois Press,2003.
[67] Sundararajan J K, Medard M, Koetter R, et al. A Systematic Approach to Network Coding Problems using Conflict Graphs[C]// In Proc. of the UCSD Information Theory and Applications Inaugural Workshop, San Diego, USA: the University of California press, 2006.
[68] Harvey N, Karger D, Murota K. Deterministic Network Coding by Matrix Completion [C]// In Proc. of the sixteenth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms, Vancouver, British Columbia: ACM press, 2005: 489~498.
[69] Fragouli C, Soljanin E, Shokrollahi A. Network Coding as a Coloring Problem[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, Princeton, NJ: IEEE press, 2004.
[70] Fragouli C, Soljanin E. Decentralized Network Coding [C] // In Proc. of IEEE Information Theory Workshop, San Antonio, Texas: IEEE Press, 2004: 24~29.
[71] Lun D S, Medard M, Ho T, et al. Network Coding with a Cost Criterion[C]// In Proc. of the International Symposium on Information Theory and its Applications, Parma, Italy: IEEE press, 2004:1232~1237.
[72] Lun D S, Ratnakar N, Koetter R, et al.Achieving minimum-cost multicast: a decentralized approach based on network coding[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Miami, FL: IEEE press, 2005, 1607~1617.
[73] Thibault J-P, Yousefi S, Chan W-Y. Throughput performance of generation-based network coding[C]//In Proc. of the 10th Canadian Workshop on Information Theory, Edmonton, Canada: IEEE press, 2007, 89~92.
[74] Lim C H, Lee P J. More flexible exponentiation with precomputation [C]// In Proc. of the 14th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology, London, UK: Springer Verlag, 1994: 95~107.
[75] Nad T. A Krishnamurthy. Problems with network coding in overlay networks [EB/OL]. http://zoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/ cs490/04-05a/tomislav.nad.pdf, 2007-05-20
[76] Wu Y N, Jain K, Kung S Y. A unification of Menger’s and Edmonds’graph theorems and Aslswede et al’s network coding theorem [C]// In Proc. of the 42nd Conf. on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL: 2004.
[77] Langberg M, Sprintson A, Bruck J. The encoding complexity of network coding [J]. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, 2006, 52 (6): 2386~2397.
[78] Kim M, Ahn C W, Medard M, et al. On Minimizing Network Coding Resources: An Evolutionary Approach[C]// In Proc. of the 2nd Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, Boston, MA: ACM press, 2006.
[79] Kim M, Medard M, Aggarwal V, et al. Evolutionary Approaches to Minimizing Network Coding Resources[C]// In Proc. of the 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK: IEEE press, 2007: 1991~1999.
[80] Maymounkov P, Harvey N J A, Lun D S. Methods for Efficient Network Coding [C]// In Proc. of the 44th Annual Allerton Conf. on Communication, Control, and Computing, Illinois, USA: the University of Illinois Press, 2006.
[81] Wu Y N, Kung S-Y. Reduced-complexity network coding for multicasting over ad hoc networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech, and Signal Processing, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia: IEEE press, 2005:18~23.
[82] Wu Y N, Chou P A, Zhang Q, et al. Network planning in wireless ad hoc networks: A cross-layer approach[J]. IEEE Jounal on Selected Areas Communication,2005, 23(1):136~150
[83] Ho T, Jin J-Q, Viswanathan H. On network coding and routing in dynamic wireless multicast networks[C]// In Proc. of Information Theory and its Applications, UCSD, 2006.
[84] Neely M, Modiano E, Rohrs C E. Dynamic power allocation and routing for time-varying wireless networks[C]// In Proc. of Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications, San Francisco, CA: IEEE press, 2003: 745~755.
[85] Yuan J, Li Z P, Yu W, et al. A Cross-Layer Optimization Framework for Multicast in Multi-hop Wireless Networks[C].In Proc. of First International Conference of Wireless Internet (WICON), Budapest, Hungary: IEEE press, 2005: 47~54.
[86] Viet D T M, Chau N H, Lee W J, et al. Using Cross-layer Heuristic and Network Coding to Improve throughput in Multicast Wireless Mesh Networks[C]// In Proc. of the International Conference on Information Networking, Busan: IEEE press, 2008: 1~5.
[87] Han S, Zhong Z, Li H, et al. Coding-aware multi-path routing in multi-hop wireless networks[C]//In Proc. of the 27th IEEE Conference on Performance, Computing, and Communications, TX, USA:IEEE press, 2008:93~100.
[88] Yan Y, Zhao Z, Zhang B, et al. Rate-adaptive coding-aware multiple path routing for wireless mesh networks[C]//In Proc. of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, New Orleans, LA,USA: IEEE press, 2008: 543~547.
[89] Popovski P, Yomo H. Wireless network coding by amplify-and-forward for bi-directional traffic flows[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2007,11(1): 16~18.
[90] Popovski P, Yomo H. Physical network coding in two-way wireless relay channels[C]// In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, Glasgow: IEEE press, 2007: 707~712.
[91] Hausl C, Hagenauer J. Iterative Network and Channel Decoding for the Two-Way Relay Channel[C]// In Proc.of IEEE International Conference on Communications ( ICC), Istanbul: IEEE Press, 2006: 1568~1573.
[92] Yeung R W, Cai N. Network error correction, part I: Basic concepts and upper bounds [J]. Communications in Information and Systems, 2006, 6 (1): 19~36.
[93] Cai N, Yeung R W. Network error correction, part II: Lower bounds [J]. Communications in Information and Systems, 2006, 6 (1): 37~54.
[94] Yang S H, Yeung R W. Refined coding bounds for network error correction[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Information Theory Workshop, Bergen, Norway: IEEE press, 2007:1~5.
[95] Matsumoto R. Construction algorithm for network error-correcting codes attaining the Singleton bound [J]. IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences, 2007, 90 (9): 1~7.
[96] Larsson P. Multicast Multiuser ARQ[C]//In Proc. of IEEE Wireless Communication & Networking Conference (WCNC), Las Vegas, USA: IEEE press, 2008: 1985~1990.
[97] Fragouli C, Widmer J, Boudec J L. A Network Coding Approach to Energy Efficient Broadcasting: from Theory to Practice[C]// In Proc. of International Conference on Computer Communications, Barcelona, Spain: IEEE press, 2006: 1~11.
[98] Petrovic D, Ramchandran K, Rabaey J. Coding for sensor networks using untuned radios[C]// In Proc. of Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2005: 1093~1097.
[99] Yang Y W, Zhong C S, Sun Y M, et al. Energy Efficient Reliable Multi-path Routing Using Network Coding for Sensor Network[J]. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, 2008, 8(12): 329~338.
[100] Krohn M N, Freedman M J, Mazieres D. On-the-fly verification of rateless erasure codes for efficient content distribution [C]//In IEEE Symp. on Security and Privacy, Oakland, CA: IEEE press, 2004: 226~240.
[101] Charles D, Jain K, Lauter K. Signatures for network coding [C]// In Proc. of the 40th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, Princeton, NJ: IEEE press, 2006: 857~863.
[102] Paulo F, Barros J. Network Coding Protocols for Secret Key Distribution [J]. On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems, 2009, 48(4): 1718~1733.
[103] Ono F, Sakaguchi K. Space time coded MIMO network coding[C]// In Proc. of 19th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, Cannes: IEEE press, 2008: 1~5.
[104] Yang S H, Wu J. Efficient Broadcasting Using Network Coding and Directional Antennas in MANETs[J]. IEEE Trans. on Paraller and Distributed Systems, 2010, 21(2):148~161.
[105]吕凌,于宏毅.一种基于空时码的协作网络编码技术及其性能分析[J].电子与信息学报, 2008, 30(7): 1598~1601.
[106] Silva D, Kschischang Frank R. Rank-Metric Codes for Priority Encoding Transmission with Network Coding[C]// In Proc. of the 10th Canadian Workshop on Inform.Theory, Edmonton,Alberta,Canada: IEEE press, 2007:81~84.
[107] Zhao J, Yang F, Zhang Q, et al. LION: Layered Overlay Multicast with Network Coding [J]. IEEE Trans. on Multimedia, 2006, 8 (5), 1021~1032.
[108] Sunwoo Kim,Won W. Ro. FPGA implementation of highly parallelized decoder logic for network coding[C]// In Proc. of the 18th annual ACM/SIGDAinternational symposium on Field programmable gate arrays, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010: 284~284.
[109] Chen W, Letaief K B, Cao Z G. A Cross Layer Method for Interference Cancellation and Network Coding in Wireless Networks[C]// In Proc. of the 41th IEEE International Conference on Communications, Istanbul: IEEE press, 2006: 3693~3698.
[110] IEEE. Part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications[S]. IEEE Std 802.11?1999,1999.
[111] Dujovne D, Turletti T. Multicast in 802.11 WLANs - An Experimental Study[C]// In Proc. of International Workshop on Modeling Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, Torremolinos, Spain: ACM press, 2006: 130~138.
[112] Gupta S K S, Shankar V, Lalwani S. Reliable multicast MAC Protocol for wireless LANs[C]// In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2003: 93~97.
[113] Chiu C Y, Wu E H, Chen G H. A reliable and efficient MAC layer broadcast (multicast) protocol for mobile ad hoc networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2004: 2802~2807.
[114] Si W, Li C. RMAC: A reliable multicast MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks[C]//In Proc. of International Conference on Parallel Processing, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2004: 494~501.
[115] Kuri J, Kasera S K. Reliable multicast in multi-access wireless LANs[J]. ACM/Kluwer Wireless Networks Journal, 2001, 7(4): 359~369.
[116] Bao C W, Liao W J. Performance Analysis of reliable MAC layer multicast for IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs[C]// In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), San Jose: IEEE Press, 2005: 1378~1382.
[117] Kamerman A, Monteban L. WaveLAN II: A high-performance wireless LAN for the unlicensed band, Bell Labs Technical Journal, 1997,118~133.
[118] Choi S, Choi N, Seok Y, et al. Leader-based Rate Adaptive multicasting for wireless LANs[C]//In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Global Telecommunications Conference, San Jose: IEEE Press, 2007: 3656~3660.
[119] Holland G, Vaidya N, Bahl P. A Rate-Adaptive MAC Protocol for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks[C]//In Proc. of the international conference on Mobile computing and networking, Rome, Italy: ACM press, 2001: 236~251.
[120] Villalon J , Seok Y, Turl E T, et al. ARSM: auto rate selection multicast mechanism for multirate wireless LANs[J]. IET Communications, 2007, 1(5): 893~ 902.
[121] Choi N, Ryu J, Seok Y, et al. Unicast-Friendly Multicast in IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs[C]// In Proc. of Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, Las Vegas, Nevada: IEEE press, 2006: 730~734.
[122] Chandra A, Gummalla V, Limb J O. Wireless medium access controlprotocols[J]. IEEE Communications. Surveys and Tutorials, 2000, 3(2): 2~15.
[123] Issariyakul T, Hossain E, Kim D I. Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: Issues and Approaches[J]. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2003,3(8):935~958.
[124] Bianch G. Performance analysis of the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function[J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2000, 18(3): 1265~1275.
[125] IEEE 802.11b, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications: High-speed Physical Layer Extension in the 2.4 GHz Band. Supplement to IEEE 802.11 Standard, Sept. 1999.
[126] IEEE 802.11a, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications: High-speed Physical Layer in the 5 GHz Band. Supplement to IEEE 802.11 Standard, Sept. 1999.
[127] IEEE 802.11g, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications: Further Higher Data Rate Extension in the 2.4 GHz Band. Supplement to IEEE 802.11 Standard,2003
[128] Biswas S, Morris R. ExOR: Opportunistic Multi-Hop Routing for Wireless Networks[J]. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2005,35(4): 133~144.
[129] Zeng K, Lou W J, Zhai H Q. On End-to-end Throughput of Opportunistic Routing in Multirate and Multihop Wireless Networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Phoenix, AZ: IEEE Press, 2008: 816~824.
[130] Rozner E, Seshadri J, Mehta Y, et al. Simple Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE Workshop on WiMesh, Reston, VA: IEEE Press, 2006: 48~54.
[131] Rayanchu S, Sengupta S, Banerjee S, et al. An Analysis of Wireless Network Coding for Unicast Sessions: The Case for Coding-Aware Routing [C] // In Proc. of The 26th Annual IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications, Anchorage, AK: IEEE press, 2007: 1028~1036.
[132] Jain K, Padhye J, Padmanabhan V N, et a1.Impact of interference on multi-hopwireless network performance[C]// In Proc.of the ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking(MOBICOM 2003),San Diego, CA, USA : ACM press, 2003: 66~80.
[133] Ni B, Santhapuri N, Zhong Z, et al. Routing with Opportunistically Coded Exchanges in Wireless Mesh Networks[C]//In Proc. of SECON’06. Reston, VA: IEEE Press, 2006: 157~159.
[134] Fan K,Wei Q, Long D Y.A Load-Balanced Route Selection for Network Coding in Wireless Mesh Networks[C]// In Proc. of the 44th IEEE InternationalConference on Communications, Dresden, Germany: IEEE press, 2009 : 1~6.
[135] Yan Y, Zhao Z, Zhang B, et al. Rate-adaptive coding-aware multiple path routing for wireless mesh networks [C]//In Proc. of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, New Orleans, LA,USA: IEEE press, 2008: 543~547.
[136] Yan Y, Zhao Z, Zhang B, et al. Mechanism for maximizing area-centric coding gains in wireless multihop networks[C]// In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, Dresden, Germany: IEEE press, 2009: 14~18.
[137] Rayanchu S, Sen S, Wu J M, et al. Loss-Aware Network Coding for Unicast Wireless Sessions-Design, Implementation, and Performance Evaluation[C]// In Proc. of the ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems, Annapolis, MD: ACM press, 2008: 85~96.
[138] Prasad R, Wu H Y, Perkins D, et al. Local Topology Assisted XOR Coding in Wireless Mesh Networks[C]//In Proc. of The 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, Beijing,China:IEEE press,2008: 156~161.
[139] Xiao N, Ding L, Li M L, et al. Geographic Probabilistic Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Network[J]. Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies, 2007, 4847: 477~486.
[140] Douglas S J, De C, Daniel A, et al. A High-Throughput Path Metric for Multi-Hop Wireless Routing[C]//In Proc. of ACM Mobicom, New York, NY: ACM Press, 2003: 134~146.
[141] Draves R, Padhye J, Zill B. Routing in multi-radio, multi-hop wireless mesh networks[C]//In Proc. of the ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM2004), NY: ACM Press, 2004, 114~128.
[142] Perkins C,Royer E.Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing[C]// In Proc. of Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, New Orleans, LA: IEEE press, 1999: 90~100.
[143] NS2 [EB/OL]. http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns, updated, 2007.
[144] Lin S, Costello D J.差错控制编码(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2007.
[145] Sagduyu Y E, Ephremides A. On broadcast stability region in random access through network coding [C]//In Proc. of the 44th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL: The University of Illinois Press, 2006: 143~150.
[146] Nguyen D, Nguyen T, Bose B. Wireless broadcast using network coding [J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2008, 58(2): 914~925.
[147] Ghaderi M, Towsley D, Kurose J. Reliability Gain of Network Coding in Lossy Wireless Networks[C]//In Proc. of IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, Phoenix, AZ:IEEE press, 2008: 2171~2179.
[148] Rouayheb S Y, Chaudhry M A, Sprintson A. On the Minimum Number of Transmissions in Single-Hop Wireless Coding Networks[C]//In Proc. of IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW), Lake Tahoe, CA:IEEE press, 2007: 120~125.
[149]肖潇,杨路明,张帅,等.一种应用随机线性网络编码的无线广播重传策略[J].小型微型计算机系统, 2009, 30(5):817~821
[150] Gilbert E N. Capacity of A Burst-noise Channel[J]. The Bell System Technical Journal, 1960, 39(9): 1253~1265.
[151] Lugand L R, Costello D J, Deng R H. Parity Retransmission Hybrid ARQ Using Rate 1/2 Convolutional Codes on a Nonstationarv Channel[J]. IEEE Trans. on Communications, 1989, 37(7): 755~765.
[152] NS2 [EB/OL]. http://hpds.ee.ncku.edu.tw/~smallko/ns2/ns2.htm.