川西坳陷深层致密非均质裂缝性气藏地震识别技术研究
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摘要
本文以川西坳陷中段上三叠统须家河组致密碎屑岩气藏为研究对象,在系统地分析深层须家河组储层的基本特征和天然气富集规律的基础上,以地震采集、处理、解释和综合研究一体化思路为指导,针对深层须家河组的储层预测、裂缝发育带和含气性识别问题,开展地震识别技术研究,取得了一系列具有较强针对性和创新特色的方法技术成果,建立了适合川西深层须家河组气藏的地震识别配套方法技术。
根据深层须家河组气藏地震识别技术需要,明确提出了以“保持可靠振幅相对变化”为特点的地震资料叠前处理技术思路,针对性地研制和开发了叠前多域保幅自动去噪方法系列、非线性初至波层析成像静校正技术、高阶非双曲线动校时差校正技术等一批关键处理方法,建立了相应的处理配套方法技术。其中自主研制的叠前多域保幅自动去噪方法系列很好地解决了川西地区的地震资料去噪问题。
全面系统地分析了深层须家河组不同类型波阻抗储层的测井和地震响应特征,以高分辨层序地层学和地震地层学相结合的研究思路为指导,建立了川西深层须家河组储层预测方法技术。总结出了深层须家河组“亮点型”储层基于波形的预测模式。
首次在川西地区设计并成功实施了具有较好方位特性的三维宽方位砖墙式观测系统地震采集,自主研制了P波方位各向异性裂缝密度和方位计算的方法软件,建立了三维宽方位采集、地震资料叠前预处理和裂缝预测一体的P波方位各向异性裂缝预测技术。它是目前利用纵波资料检测裂缝最为可靠和直接的方法。
针对深层须家河组储层的裂缝预测问题,研制、开发了地震、地质及测井裂缝预测技术,并针对研究区系统地建立了地震裂缝预测方法、地质裂缝预测方法和测井裂缝识别方法相结合的多学科裂缝预测配套方法技术系列。在川西孝—新—合及丰谷等地区的推广应用中取得较好的效果,裂缝发育带综合预测成功率得到了较大提高。
针对深层致密砂岩储层含气性检测问题,以叠前反演方法和叠前地震信息提取为主,研制和开发了纵横波AVO岩石物性参数反演、AVO储层含气性检测等方法技术,初步建立了须家河组储层的含气性识别方法系列,取得了较好的方法试验效果,展示了良好的推广应用前景。
综合地震、测井、地质等方法技术研究成果,建立了适合川西深层须家河组气藏的地震识别配套方法技术,预测了须四、须二的天然气富集区。
This dissertation pays a main research on the tight clasolite gas pool of upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation on the middle segment in west Sichuan depression. On the basis of the whole analysis of basic character of deep-buried Xujiahe Formation reservoir and gas accumulation rule, this paper integrates seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation, and aim at those problems such as deep-buried Xujiahe formation reservoir prediction, fracture detection and gas-bearing sand identification. By means of studying relevant seismic attribution scrutinizingly, author developed a suit of problem-orienting and innovated methods which are very suitable to identify Xujiahe Formation reservoir in West Sichuan depression.The idea of processing seismic pre-stack data is characterized with "Keeping credible and relevant amplitude changes". According to the need of predicting deeply seated Xujiahe Formation gas pool, a set of key seismic data processing technique has been developed. Those key technologies include pre-stack automatic denoise method in the multi-field which keeps relevant amplitude, tomography static correction method using nonlinear first arrival wave, non-hyperbola moveout dynamic correction method, and etc. The matching techniques have also been founded. The prestack automatic de-noising technique in the multi-field is developed by our own and very successful to remove noises of seismic data in the Chuanxi region.By analyzing log and seismic response of different reservoirs in Xujiahe Formation, integrating the high-resolution sequence strata and seismic strata, the author developed the reservoir prediction methods of Xujiahe Formation and summarized the prediction mode of reservoir which features "bright spot" and is based on wave form.It is the first time designing a three-D width survey system of seismic data acquisition and putting it into action, which has a pattern of brick wall and has good azimuth character. By calculating the directional characteristic of P-wave, the software to predict anisotropism of layer and the density and azimuth of fracture is developed independently, which has integrated 3-D data acquisition of broad azimuth, pre-processing of prestack data and prediction of fracture. The technique and method using P-wave feature to detect pony-size fracture are most reliable and straightforward presently .In order to detect the fracture of Xujiahe Formation reservoir, we developed a set of seismic.
根据深层须家河组气藏地震识别技术需要,明确提出了以“保持可靠振幅相对变化”为特点的地震资料叠前处理技术思路,针对性地研制和开发了叠前多域保幅自动去噪方法系列、非线性初至波层析成像静校正技术、高阶非双曲线动校时差校正技术等一批关键处理方法,建立了相应的处理配套方法技术。其中自主研制的叠前多域保幅自动去噪方法系列很好地解决了川西地区的地震资料去噪问题。
全面系统地分析了深层须家河组不同类型波阻抗储层的测井和地震响应特征,以高分辨层序地层学和地震地层学相结合的研究思路为指导,建立了川西深层须家河组储层预测方法技术。总结出了深层须家河组“亮点型”储层基于波形的预测模式。
首次在川西地区设计并成功实施了具有较好方位特性的三维宽方位砖墙式观测系统地震采集,自主研制了P波方位各向异性裂缝密度和方位计算的方法软件,建立了三维宽方位采集、地震资料叠前预处理和裂缝预测一体的P波方位各向异性裂缝预测技术。它是目前利用纵波资料检测裂缝最为可靠和直接的方法。
针对深层须家河组储层的裂缝预测问题,研制、开发了地震、地质及测井裂缝预测技术,并针对研究区系统地建立了地震裂缝预测方法、地质裂缝预测方法和测井裂缝识别方法相结合的多学科裂缝预测配套方法技术系列。在川西孝—新—合及丰谷等地区的推广应用中取得较好的效果,裂缝发育带综合预测成功率得到了较大提高。
针对深层致密砂岩储层含气性检测问题,以叠前反演方法和叠前地震信息提取为主,研制和开发了纵横波AVO岩石物性参数反演、AVO储层含气性检测等方法技术,初步建立了须家河组储层的含气性识别方法系列,取得了较好的方法试验效果,展示了良好的推广应用前景。
综合地震、测井、地质等方法技术研究成果,建立了适合川西深层须家河组气藏的地震识别配套方法技术,预测了须四、须二的天然气富集区。
This dissertation pays a main research on the tight clasolite gas pool of upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation on the middle segment in west Sichuan depression. On the basis of the whole analysis of basic character of deep-buried Xujiahe Formation reservoir and gas accumulation rule, this paper integrates seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation, and aim at those problems such as deep-buried Xujiahe formation reservoir prediction, fracture detection and gas-bearing sand identification. By means of studying relevant seismic attribution scrutinizingly, author developed a suit of problem-orienting and innovated methods which are very suitable to identify Xujiahe Formation reservoir in West Sichuan depression.The idea of processing seismic pre-stack data is characterized with "Keeping credible and relevant amplitude changes". According to the need of predicting deeply seated Xujiahe Formation gas pool, a set of key seismic data processing technique has been developed. Those key technologies include pre-stack automatic denoise method in the multi-field which keeps relevant amplitude, tomography static correction method using nonlinear first arrival wave, non-hyperbola moveout dynamic correction method, and etc. The matching techniques have also been founded. The prestack automatic de-noising technique in the multi-field is developed by our own and very successful to remove noises of seismic data in the Chuanxi region.By analyzing log and seismic response of different reservoirs in Xujiahe Formation, integrating the high-resolution sequence strata and seismic strata, the author developed the reservoir prediction methods of Xujiahe Formation and summarized the prediction mode of reservoir which features "bright spot" and is based on wave form.It is the first time designing a three-D width survey system of seismic data acquisition and putting it into action, which has a pattern of brick wall and has good azimuth character. By calculating the directional characteristic of P-wave, the software to predict anisotropism of layer and the density and azimuth of fracture is developed independently, which has integrated 3-D data acquisition of broad azimuth, pre-processing of prestack data and prediction of fracture. The technique and method using P-wave feature to detect pony-size fracture are most reliable and straightforward presently .In order to detect the fracture of Xujiahe Formation reservoir, we developed a set of seismic.
引文
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