大学校园空间的文化性研究
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摘要
大学是一种制度化的知识传承和社会交往机构,学术自由与独立自治是其始终坚持的精神追求,在长期发展中形成了教育、科研、社会服务三大社会职能。大学校园是其存在与发展的物质基础,校园空间中蕴含的文化内涵促进了大学精神追求与社会职能的实现。当代高等教育的迅猛发展带来了大学校园建设高速扩张的局面,校园规划设计理论与实践研究的滞后与市场竞争下的功利心态使近年来的校园建设面临着文化氛围稀释、文化驱动缺失、文化指向迷茫的困境,暴露出了重外在轻内涵的诸多问题,客观上要求校园研究突破原有的专业局限,从更为宏观的视角探讨校园发展的深层结构。
本文从文化的视角展开校园空间研究,通过高等教育学、大学文化研究等跨学科理论的引入,建构校园空间文化性研究的理论框架,突破了单纯地就空间形态本身研究校园的局限。大学校园空间的发展总是以非空间因素为主导动因的,文化具有深刻的影响作用,校园空间的文化性是其存在与发展的根本。通过分析社会文化、教育文化、大学自身的精神文化等内外因素对校园的影响,增进对于大学机构特性的理解,从而深刻认识大学校园空间历史演变中的现象与倾向,揭示驱动校园空间发展的深层结构,把握校园空间的根本需求与发展机制,进而提出基于校园空间文化性的设计理念与方法,发挥实践指导作用,促进大学校园建设健康、理性地发展。
校园空间的文化性体现在大学本体文化驱动性、特色文化传承性与时代文化先导性等方面,它们构成了大学内在的文化特质,促进大学学术传统的锻铸,推动校园文化氛围营造,引导大学社会职能与精神职能的实现,形成了大学校园发展的深层驱动与价值基础。本体文化驱动性基于大学的社会定位与机构特性,它是大学的精神理想、组织体制、办学思想的集合,是大学作为最高教育机构所独有的文化特性,反映了大学的本质需求与校园的内在价值,对校园空间发展具有核心的驱动作用,具体表现为价值追求驱动、社会职能驱动和教育理念驱动三个方面。特色文化传承性来源于大学自身的校园空间环境,是大学经过长期发展积淀形成的宝贵财富,包括历史文化、地方文化以及校园生活文化,是校园人文环境形成的基础,它的传承与发展促进了校园场所精神的塑造与人文教育的开展。特色文化的传承具有三个主要方面:历史文化的精神传承,地方文化的理念传承和校园生活文化的个性传承。时代文化先导性表现为先进文化的导向与辐射作用,使大学保持文化的批判性与前瞻性,维持先进思想传播中心的社会地位,激励师生创新意识、环保意识与社会责任意识的培养,并以校园为中心,向社会大众辐射其影响力。在当代大学发展中,时代文化的先导教育功能主要体现在:以生态文化的校园培育引导先进的环境意识与生活方式,以创新文化的校园引导促进大学创新能力、创新思维的扩展,以社会文化的校园批判显现大学的社会责任与文化导向功能。
Universities are institutionalized knowledge inheritance and social interaction institutions, which always insist on pursuing academic freedom and independence. In the long time development, universities have been formed three social functions: education、scientific research、social Service. Campus is the material base of campus for its existence and development. Cultural connotations of Campus space have promoted the fulfillment of mental chase and social function of universities. With the rapid development of higher education, campus construction expands rapidly. Due to the lag of Campus planning theories and practice research and utilitarian attitude under market competitive, campus construction faces the dilemma: culture atmosphere dilution、culture drive absence、culture direction losing. So the study on campus has to overcome the existing professional limitations and explore the deep structure of campus development from the prospective of microscopic culture.
This paper studies campus space from a cultural perspective .By the addition of Science of Higher Education and campus culture study, this paper establishes the theory framework of campus space cultural study, and overcomes the limitations that only focus on space conformation. The development of campus space always depends on non-space elements. Culture has profound influence on the development of campus. Through analyzing the impacts of social culture,educational culture,spiritual culture on campus, we improves understanding of campus characteristic and also recognizes the phenomena and tendency in historical evolution of campus space. This paper reveals the deep Structure that drives campus space development and basic needs and development mechanism of campus space , further proposes design concept and methods based on campus space cultural characteristic. These methods can play a fundamental role in guiding practice and promoting healthy and rational development of campus construction.
Campus space cultural characteristic is embodied in ontology culture drive,characteristic culture inheritance and the times culture guide . They formed internal cultural characteristic of campus. At the same time, they promote campus academy tradition installation and campus culture atmosphere building, guide campus social functions and spiritual functions fulfillment, form the deep drive and value basement of campus development. Basing on society position and campus characteristic, ontology culture drive is the combination of spiritual ideal ,organization system and education ideology. As the cultural characteristic which is unique to campus, it reflects basic needs and internal value. It also has core drive function to campus space development, appearing as value pursuit drive,society function drive and educational concept drive. Basing on campus space environment , characteristic culture inheritance is the valuable treasure which formed by a long developing process of campus. Including historical culture, local culture and campus life culture, it form the base for campus human environment. Its inheritance and development promotes the development of campus place spirit and human education. Characteristic culture inheritance is represented by three aspects: spirit inheritance of historical culture, concept inheritance of local culture and characteristic inheritance of campus life culture. Expressing in guide and radiation of advanced culture, the times culture guiding keeps campus in culture criticalness and prospection. It maintains the social position of advanced thought dissemination centre, encourages the training of innovative consciousness , environmental protection consciousness and social responsibility consciousness. Taking campus as the center, it also extends its influence over the public. In the development of contemporary campus, the guiding educational function of the times culture is embodied in three aspects: to cultivate and guide environmental consciousness and life style with the ecological cultural campus, to guide and promote expansion of innovative ability and innovative thinking with the innovative ultural campus, to manifest social responsibility and culture guiding function with the critical cultural campus.
本文从文化的视角展开校园空间研究,通过高等教育学、大学文化研究等跨学科理论的引入,建构校园空间文化性研究的理论框架,突破了单纯地就空间形态本身研究校园的局限。大学校园空间的发展总是以非空间因素为主导动因的,文化具有深刻的影响作用,校园空间的文化性是其存在与发展的根本。通过分析社会文化、教育文化、大学自身的精神文化等内外因素对校园的影响,增进对于大学机构特性的理解,从而深刻认识大学校园空间历史演变中的现象与倾向,揭示驱动校园空间发展的深层结构,把握校园空间的根本需求与发展机制,进而提出基于校园空间文化性的设计理念与方法,发挥实践指导作用,促进大学校园建设健康、理性地发展。
校园空间的文化性体现在大学本体文化驱动性、特色文化传承性与时代文化先导性等方面,它们构成了大学内在的文化特质,促进大学学术传统的锻铸,推动校园文化氛围营造,引导大学社会职能与精神职能的实现,形成了大学校园发展的深层驱动与价值基础。本体文化驱动性基于大学的社会定位与机构特性,它是大学的精神理想、组织体制、办学思想的集合,是大学作为最高教育机构所独有的文化特性,反映了大学的本质需求与校园的内在价值,对校园空间发展具有核心的驱动作用,具体表现为价值追求驱动、社会职能驱动和教育理念驱动三个方面。特色文化传承性来源于大学自身的校园空间环境,是大学经过长期发展积淀形成的宝贵财富,包括历史文化、地方文化以及校园生活文化,是校园人文环境形成的基础,它的传承与发展促进了校园场所精神的塑造与人文教育的开展。特色文化的传承具有三个主要方面:历史文化的精神传承,地方文化的理念传承和校园生活文化的个性传承。时代文化先导性表现为先进文化的导向与辐射作用,使大学保持文化的批判性与前瞻性,维持先进思想传播中心的社会地位,激励师生创新意识、环保意识与社会责任意识的培养,并以校园为中心,向社会大众辐射其影响力。在当代大学发展中,时代文化的先导教育功能主要体现在:以生态文化的校园培育引导先进的环境意识与生活方式,以创新文化的校园引导促进大学创新能力、创新思维的扩展,以社会文化的校园批判显现大学的社会责任与文化导向功能。
Universities are institutionalized knowledge inheritance and social interaction institutions, which always insist on pursuing academic freedom and independence. In the long time development, universities have been formed three social functions: education、scientific research、social Service. Campus is the material base of campus for its existence and development. Cultural connotations of Campus space have promoted the fulfillment of mental chase and social function of universities. With the rapid development of higher education, campus construction expands rapidly. Due to the lag of Campus planning theories and practice research and utilitarian attitude under market competitive, campus construction faces the dilemma: culture atmosphere dilution、culture drive absence、culture direction losing. So the study on campus has to overcome the existing professional limitations and explore the deep structure of campus development from the prospective of microscopic culture.
This paper studies campus space from a cultural perspective .By the addition of Science of Higher Education and campus culture study, this paper establishes the theory framework of campus space cultural study, and overcomes the limitations that only focus on space conformation. The development of campus space always depends on non-space elements. Culture has profound influence on the development of campus. Through analyzing the impacts of social culture,educational culture,spiritual culture on campus, we improves understanding of campus characteristic and also recognizes the phenomena and tendency in historical evolution of campus space. This paper reveals the deep Structure that drives campus space development and basic needs and development mechanism of campus space , further proposes design concept and methods based on campus space cultural characteristic. These methods can play a fundamental role in guiding practice and promoting healthy and rational development of campus construction.
Campus space cultural characteristic is embodied in ontology culture drive,characteristic culture inheritance and the times culture guide . They formed internal cultural characteristic of campus. At the same time, they promote campus academy tradition installation and campus culture atmosphere building, guide campus social functions and spiritual functions fulfillment, form the deep drive and value basement of campus development. Basing on society position and campus characteristic, ontology culture drive is the combination of spiritual ideal ,organization system and education ideology. As the cultural characteristic which is unique to campus, it reflects basic needs and internal value. It also has core drive function to campus space development, appearing as value pursuit drive,society function drive and educational concept drive. Basing on campus space environment , characteristic culture inheritance is the valuable treasure which formed by a long developing process of campus. Including historical culture, local culture and campus life culture, it form the base for campus human environment. Its inheritance and development promotes the development of campus place spirit and human education. Characteristic culture inheritance is represented by three aspects: spirit inheritance of historical culture, concept inheritance of local culture and characteristic inheritance of campus life culture. Expressing in guide and radiation of advanced culture, the times culture guiding keeps campus in culture criticalness and prospection. It maintains the social position of advanced thought dissemination centre, encourages the training of innovative consciousness , environmental protection consciousness and social responsibility consciousness. Taking campus as the center, it also extends its influence over the public. In the development of contemporary campus, the guiding educational function of the times culture is embodied in three aspects: to cultivate and guide environmental consciousness and life style with the ecological cultural campus, to guide and promote expansion of innovative ability and innovative thinking with the innovative ultural campus, to manifest social responsibility and culture guiding function with the critical cultural campus.
引文
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