摘要
PDM(产品数据管理)是建立分布式虚拟设计平台的基础使能平台,是虚拟产品开发的基础使能工具。PDM系统提供产品全生命周期的信息管理,并可在企业范围内为产品设计与制造建立一个并行化的协作环境。PDM作为企业信息集成平台,可以集成企业的各种应用系统,能够有效地实现产品数据规范管理。
虚拟设计技术与CAx应用系统集成,其辅助功能可大大加强,更有利于计算机辅助设计/制造/装配/分析的集成及产品动态性能的模拟。此外,虚拟设计方法可充分利用网络资源,实现分布式并行设计。虚拟设计技术的应用对缩短产品开发周期、节省产品开发设计制造成本、提高生产率有着重要的意义。
因此,研究基于PDM的分布式虚拟设计平台,在PDM平台上,集成各种CAx应用系统,并在此平台上探索一种高效、快捷的设计方法十分必要。
本文分析了目前典型商用PDM系统的体系结构,提出了支持分布式虚拟设计的PDM系统的功能框架;分析了基于PDM的分布式虚拟设计平台的体系结构和特点,重点探讨了基于PDM的快速变型设计系统。本文还根据企业目前最新的需求,分析了几种基于Java的集成技术的优势,提出了基于J2EE、Web Services的企业应用集成框架。
本文以武汉钢铁(集团)公司连续带钢生产线的重要装备——开卷机为应用背景,深入系统地研究和实现了基于PDM的开卷机分布式虚拟设计平台,重点研究了应用系统集成技术。实现了CAx与PDM封装集成、接口集成、无缝集成三个层次的集成。开发了基于COM/DCOM的CBDS(基于实例设计系统)与PDM之间的数据接口,建立了PDM下的基于实例的设计系统。通过分析数据库中历史设计与当前设计需求之间的相似度,从产品数据库中提取最相似实例,达到设计资源复用的目的。开发了开卷机数字化设计、分析以及仿真计算机支持平台,进行了实例验证。
应用结果表明:该系统能够有效地缩短开卷机的产品开发周期,提高开卷机的设计质量,减少废品损失。研究成果可以推广应用到其它典型产品。
PDM is the base-enabled platform to structure distributed virtual design platform, and the base-enabled tool of virtual product development. PDM system provides the information management of the product entire life cycle, and constructs a concurrent collaborative environment for product design and manufacture in the whole enterprise. PDM, which is the enterprise information intergration platform, can integrate all kinds of application systems in the enterprise and can implement the standardization management of product data effectively.
Virtual design can integrate CAx application systems, and its aided functions strengthen greatly, which is favorable for the intergration of computer aided design, manufacture, assembly, analyse and the simulation of product dynamic capability. And virtual design can sufficiently utilize network resources
and implement distributed concurrent design. The exercise of virtual design has important significance to shorten the cycle of product development, to economize the cost of product development and manufacture and to improve productivity.
Therefor, it is very necessary to research the PDM-enabled distributed virtual design platform; and it is very essential to integrate all kinds of CAx application system and explore a high efficiency, fast design method in PDM platform.
This paper analyses the architecture of current type commerce PDM systems and presents the function frame of PDM system supporting distributed virtual design. And this paper analyses the architecture and characteristic of PDM-based distributed virtual design platform. PDM-based rapid type-changed design system is stressly discussed.
This paper discusses the advantage of several Java-based integration technologies and bringes forward the J2EE-based enterprise application integration frame.
This paper researches and realizes the PDM-based strip coiler distributed virtual design in collaboration with Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corporation and
addresses the integration technology of application system. Strip coiler is important equipment in strip steel production.
The distributed virtual design platform introduces the technology of case-based reasoning, namely, by calculating the similarity between the historical cases in database and the current design requirements, the best analogical case can be retrieved. Then, by adapting it according to rules or knowledge, a new design case is available. The system integrates the successful cases, design knowledge and experiences accumulated by enterprises; and improves the practicability and intelligence of the strip coiler design system.
CAx integration technology with PDM platform is studied. A prototype of CAx integration with PDM platform is constructed through COM/DCOM technology using VC++ 6.0. Three levels of integrations, envelopment, interface and seamless integrations are realized. The digital platform for design, engineering analysis and simulation of coiler is constructed successfully.
The engineering applications have proved that the system can shorten lead-time, lower costs and decrease loss effectively. The research results can be applied to developments of other products.
引文
[1] 吴定川,陈满意,虚拟设计/虚拟制造与制造业信息化.http://www.e-works,net.cn,2002,4
[2] 陈满意,陈定方.面向快速响应的机械产品集成设计系统的研究.武汉理工大学学报(自然科学版),2002,24(11):80-82,86
[3] 陈满意.基于实例的机械产品快速集成设计系统研究与实践.武汉:武汉理工大学博士学位论文,2003
[4] “十五”863计划先进制造与自动化技术领域现代集成制造系统技术主题课题申请指南.http://www.863.org.cn,2002,10
[5] 陈定方,罗亚波等著.虚拟设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.8
[6] Bao J. S, Jin Y, Gu M. Q, Yan J. Q, Ma D. Z. Immersive virtual product development. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2002, 129(1-3): 592-596
[7] Choi S. H, Chan A. M. M. Alayer-based virtual prototyping system for product development. Computers in Industry, 2003, 51(3): 237-256
[8] 宁汝新,姚王君.面向产品全生命周期的虚拟产品开发技术.中国机械工程,2000,11(1-2):130-132
[9] 蒋祖华,傅仕伟,严隽琪,马登哲,陈文培.虚拟产品开发技术研究.机械工业自动化,1998,20(3):8-10
[10] 魏孝斌,冷晟,王宁生.基于虚拟环境下的产品开发技术研究.机械设计与制造,2002,3:114-115
[11] Yusuf Y.Y, Sarhadi M, Gunasekaran A. Agile manufacturing: The drivers, concepts and attributes. International Journal of Production Economics, 1999, 62(1-2): 33-43
[12] Gunasekaran A. Agile manufacturing: A framework for research and development. International Journal of Production Economics, 1999, 62(1-2): 87-105
[13] 裘建新,王晰巍.网络化设计方法研究综述.机械设计,2003,20(3):4-7
[14] 武永利,袁溟,武美萍.机械制造技术新发展及其在我国的研究和应用.机械制造与自动化,2003,1:5-7,11
[15] 高奇微,莫欣农.产品数据管理(PDM)及其实施,北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[16] 朱志良,庞士宗,陆一平,胡伟.产品数据管理(PDM)技术的新思考.机械设计与制造,1999,8:14-17
[17] Shen Xiaojun, Radakrishnan T, Georganas Nicolas D. vCOM: Electronic commerce in a collaborative virtual world. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2002, 1(3-4): 281-300
[18] 柯飞帆.产品数据管理(PDM)技术及其应用.机械制造与自动化,2002,6:85-86
[19] 飞碟科技.产品数据管理概论.http://www.ufoasia.com/solution/solution_7-1.php
[20] Larry.现代PDM思想及其商业模型.产品研发管理中心,http://www.prdm.net
[21] 李明滨.实施企业产品数据管理(PDM)的必要性.宁夏工程技术,2002,1(1):56-58
[22] 严隽琪.数字化与网络化制造.工业工程与管理,2000,1:8-11
[23] 王健.虚拟设计.计算机辅助设计与制造,2000,4:85
[24] 袁名松,迟毅林,张淼.虚拟设计发展现状及未来发展方向.昆明理工大学学报,2002,27(5):21-25
[25] Junji Nomura, Kazuya Sawada. Virtual reality technology and its industrial applications. Annual Reviews in Control, 2001, 25: 99-109
[26] Luca Caneparo. Shared virtual reality for design and management: the Porta Susa project. Automation in Construction, 2001,10(2): 217-228
[27] 熊光楞,葛正宇,范文慧.日益先进的体系结构是PDM强大功能的保证.http://www.e-works.net.cn/ewkArticles/Category33/Article800i.htm,20O2, 7
[28] H.Y.K. Lau, K.L. Mak, M.T.H. Lu. A virtual design platform for interactive product design and visualization. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2003, 139(1-3): 402-407
[29] 李海峰,王先逵,吴丹,何煜琛.分布式企业PDM系统集成框架研究.计算机集成制造系统,2003,9(4):276-279,288
[30] 李欣,徐全生,李雅红.分布式PDM系统体系结构的研究,沈阳工业大学学报,2002,24(1):47-49
[31] 吴丹,王先逵,魏志强,李海峰.基于协同服务平台的分布式产品数据管理,清华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,42(6):791-794
[32] 黄文勤,蔡常华,李尚平,王小纯.基于PDM的甘蔗收获机械可视化虚拟设计平台的研究.机械设计与制造,2002,6:27-29
[33] 王健,孙宏伟,张树生.基于Web的PDM系统及Web使能产品数据.小型微型计算机系统,2000,21(10):1093-1095
[34] 邹薇,周燕飞.基于J2EE的PDM体系结构框架.计算机应用研究,2002,8:17-19
[35] H.Y. Kan, Vincent G. Duffy, Chuan-Jun Su. An Internet virtual reality collaborative environment for effect product design. Computers in Industy, 2001, 45(2): 197-213
[36] 罗海玉.机械产品快速变型设计策略.机械研究与应用,2001,14(4):69-71
[37] 乔进友,金忠孝,钟廷修.支持快速变型设计的PDM系统研究.机械设计与研究,1999,2:21-23
[38] K.L. Choy, W.B. Lee, Victor Lo. Design of a case based intelligent supplier relationship management system—the integration of supplier rating system and product coding system. Expert Systems with Applications, 2003, 25(1): 87-100
[39] 隋秀凛,葛江华,张学伟.基于产品数据管理(PDM)系统下的集成快速产品设计研究.机械制造,2002,40(9):18-20
[40] 李江,孙文磊.对基于PDM的集成化设计系统的研究.新疆大学学报(自然科学版),2002,19(Supp):38-40
[41] 苟吉华,彭颖红,阮雪榆.基于RPM/PDM技术的集成快速设计与制造系统的研究.机械科学与技术,2000,19(2):321-324
[42] 鲁玉军,余军合,祁国宁,吴扬东.基于事物特性表的产品变型设计.计算机集成制造系统,2003,9(10):840-844
[43] 彭继忠,李建明,黄利平,许隆文,童秉枢.基于PDM框架的应用集成研究与实践.计算机集成制造系统,2000,6(1):65-69
[44] 孙莹,陈松乔.产品数据管理系统对企业数据信息的集成.计算技术与自动化,2000,19(3):73-77
[45] N. W. Bowland, J.X. Gao, R. Sharma. A PDM-and CAD-integrated assembly modelling environment for manufacturing planning. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2003, 138(1-3): 82-88
[46] Z Kovacs, J-M Le Goff, R McClatchey. Support for product data from design to production. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 1998,11(4): 285-290
[47] 陈时锦,闫相斌,梁迎春.应用PDM技术的企业集成框架.江苏机械制造与自动化,2001,4:151-153
[48] K.K. Leong, K.M. Yu, W.B. Lee. Product data allocation for distributed product data management system. Computers in Industry, 2002, 47(3): 289-298
[49] X. William Xu, Tony Liu. A web-enabled PDM system in a collaborative design environment. Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2003, 19(4): 315-328
[50] D. Tony Liu, X. William Xu. A review of web-enabled product data management systems. Computers in Industry, 2001, 44(3): 251-262
[51] 林琳,钟诗胜,王知行,李福军.基于实例的大型水轮发电机投标方案设计系统.计算机集成制造系统,2002,8(5):378-381
[52] 麦克利斯(Michaelis,M.)著:宋丽红等译.COM+编程指南.北京:机械工业出版社,2002.1
[53] 潘爱明著.COM原理与应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1999.12
[54] 杨流辉,张和明.基于COM组件的CATIA产品信息集成技术研究与实现.计算机工程与应用,2001,24:132-134
[55] 李玉良,邵新宇,李培根,高亮.基于组件的产品数据集成.计算机应用研究,2001,12:25-27
[56] 殷磊,王润孝,张东平,张吉楠.基于组件的分布式产品数据管理系统设计与实现.计算机应用研究,2003,7:116-118
[57] 刘钧,唐承统.基于COM+的PDM与ERP的集成.现代制造工程,2003,3:15-17
[58] 胡首,陶德馨,陈定方.基于PDM框架的CBD系统研究开发.湖北工学院学报,2003,18(2):27-29
[59] 朱瑞克(Juric,M.B.)等著.袁然,汤代禄,刘立君等译.J2EE EAI编程指南.北京:电子工业出版社,2002.9
[60] 孙国梓,姜澄宇,王宁生.协同产品商务下的虚拟产品数据管理.机械科学与技术,2003,22(1):134-137
[61] 孙国梓,姜澄宇,王宁生.面向虚拟企业的PDM系统研究.计算机应用研究,2001,5:15-17
[62] Erasala Naveen, Yen David C, Rajkumar T.M. Enterprise Application Integration in the electronic commerce world. Computer Standards and Interfaces, 2003, 25(2): 69-82
[63] 童秉枢,田凌.面向协同产品商务的敏捷设计支持系统的研究.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2003,15(7):800-804
[64] Lee Jay. E-manufacturing—fundamental, tools, and transformation.Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 2003, 19(6): 501-507
[65] 李敏波,成晔,赵奔.中小企业的协同应用平台.计算机集成制造系统,2002,8(10):762-765
[66] 许大堂.J2EE应用集成技术.现代计算机,2002,5:32-35
[67] Wang Hui-Fen, Zhang You-Liang. CAD/CAM integrated system in collaborative development environment. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 2002, 18(2): 135-145
[68] 邵婷,王坚,张浩.基于Java企业信息系统集成技术的研究.组合机床与自动化加工技术,2003,4:10-12
[69] AM7-企业资源管理研究中心.构建开放式企业应用集成系统.http://www.e-works.net.cn/ewkArticles/Category35/article5901.htm.2002.6
[70] Sang Bong Yooa, Yeongho Kim. Web-based knowledge management for sharing product data in virtual enterprises. Int. J. Production Economics, 2002, 75: 173-183
[71] Irani Zahir, Themistocleous Marinos, Love Peter E. D. The impact of enterprise application integration on information system lifecycles. Information and Management, 2003, 41(2): 177-187
[72] Huang Ying, Chung Jen-Yao. A Web services-based framework for business integration solutions. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2003, 2(1): 15-26
[73] 赵强,乔新亮.J2EE应用开发(WebLogic+Jbuilder).北京:电子工业出版社,2003.7
[74] 飞思科技产品研发中心.精通Jbuilder9.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.8