鲍曼不动杆菌泛耐药性与外排泵基因和外膜蛋白基因相关性的研究
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摘要
目的探讨头孢哌酮-舒巴坦等13种抗菌药物对鲍曼不动杆菌(Acinetobacterbaumannii,AB)的体外抗菌活性,为临床合理用药提供实验依据;了解AB主动外排系统和外膜蛋白基因的表达变化特点,分析其在介导细菌泛耐药中的作用。
     方法收集苏州大学附属第一医院微生物室分离自临床感染患者的100株非重复AB菌株,全部经法国生物梅里埃公司的VITEKⅡCompact和手工试验重新鉴定确定为AB。
     第一部分采用K-B法和琼脂二倍稀释法对100株AB进行13种抗菌药物体外抗菌活性的检测,观察AB的耐药状况并分析该组菌的耐药模式。
     第二部分PCR扩增鲍曼不动杆菌中主动外排系统(AdeABC、AdeIJK)和外膜蛋白(CarO)的基因,通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察结果,初步探讨鲍曼不动杆菌临床分离株中外排泵的分布情况;实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测外排泵(AdeABC、AdeIJK)基因的mRNA表达水平,了解外排泵基因的表达情况,分析耐药株和敏感株在基因表达方面的差异。
     结果第一部分临床常用的抗生素(如头孢他啶、哌拉西林、丁胺卡那、环丙沙星等)作用均较差,米诺环素、多黏菌素B和头孢哌酮-舒巴坦对AB有相对较好的抗菌活性,亚胺培南的作用相对差一些;100株AB中有75株泛耐药株,MIC测定的结果显示米诺环素、多粘菌素B和头孢哌酮-舒巴坦的耐药率分别为88%、59.15%、0%和21.13%,MIC值的几何均数分别为25.16(耐药)、5.85(中介)、1.06(敏感)和29.3(中介)。
     第二部分敏感和泛耐药两组间adeB基因的PCR及RT-PCR检测结果比较均有统计学意义,而adeJ基因RT-PCR检测两组间无显著差异;98.57%的泛耐药菌株检测到carO基因。
     结论AB临床分离株的耐药情况严重;米诺环素、多黏菌素B、头孢哌酮-舒巴坦对临床分离的泛耐药AB具有良好的抗菌活性,可作为治疗选择药物,而碳青霉烯类抗生素亚胺培南的抗菌作用较差;AB临床分离株adeB和adeJ基因检出率较高,且adeB基因在AB泛耐药株和少部分敏感株中表达量明显增加;AdeABC、AdeIJK主动外排系统及其基因表达量的增加在AB泛耐药性的形成中具有一定的作用。
Objective To determine the in vitro activities of13antimicrobials includingCefoperazone-sulbactam against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and provideexperimental evidences for rational use of antimicrobial agents. To investigate the functionthat induce pan-drug resistance and gene expression of active efflux pump and outermembrane protein in Acinetobacter baumannii.
     Methods A total of100non-repeated strains of Acinetobacter baumannii wereisolated from clinical specimens in The First Affiliated Hospital of Suchoow Universityand all of them had been re-identified by manual test and VITEK ⅡCompact ofBio-Merieux.
     First part The susceptibilities of100strains clinical Acinetobacter baumannii wasdetermined by K-B and2-fold agar dilution method followed by NCCLS recommendations.
     Second part The genes adeB、adeJ and carO were amplified by PCR and the resultswere observed by agarose gel electrophoresis.Reverse transcriptase polymerase chainreaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of active effluxpump AdeABC、AdeIJK.
     Results First part The antibacterial activity of antibiotic frequently-used is poorerthan minocyline、polymixin B and sulperazone. There are75pan-drug resistant strains inall100strains, their resistant rate to Imipenem、minocyline、polymixin B and sulperazoneare88%、59.15%、0%and21.13%while the geometrical mean of MICs are25.16(resistance)、5.85(medium)、1.06(sensitive)和29.3(medium).
     Second part The test result of adeB gene including PCR and RT-PCR reveal thedifferences between resistant strains and sensitive strains have statistical significant whilethe expression level of adeJ gene between the two groups have no significant difference; The carO gene was detected in98.57%pan-drug resistant strains.
     Conclusions The antibiotic resistance is very serious while minocyline、polymixin Band sulperazone with considerable antibacterial activities may be the choices formulti-drug resistant isolates infections of Acinetobacter baumannii.The positive rate ofadeB and adeJ gene is high in Acinetobacter baumannii. Besides, the expression level ofadeB gene obviously increased in pan-drug resistant strains and some sensitive strains.Theactive efflux pump AdeABC play a role in pan-drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii
引文
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