基于C/S的试题管理系统的设计与实现
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摘要
为建立一个能上能下、充满活力的干部管理机制，打造一支“热情文明、廉洁高效、业务熟练”的高素质干部队伍，目前国税系统实行了以能定级、以岗定责、奖惩挂钩、动态管理并以能力级别为核心的能级管理制度，而其中以考试为主要手段的能力级别的鉴定则为该制度得以实施的一个基本前提。因此，围绕干部素质的提高，如何科学合理地测试、评定每位干部的业务水平和技能被提上当前国税系统的议事日程。
目前，学校及社会上的各种考试基本上都是采用传统的考试方式，在这种方式下，组织一次完整的考试至少要经历四个阶段：人工出卷、考生考试、人工阅卷、成绩统计。显然，随着考试需求的增大和考试要求的不断提高，教师的工作量将越来越大。可以说，传统的考试方式已经不能适应现代考试的需要。随着计算机技术的发展，计算机在各行各业的应用越来越广泛，人们迫切需要利用计算机来进行考试，以减轻教师的工作负担和提高工作效率，同时也提高考试质量。
当然，利用计算机进行考试并不是一件容易的事情，首选，由于人们长期习惯于传统的人工考试方式，如果利用计算机进行考试，就必须考虑实施中很多需要解决的具体问题。其次，利用计算机考试有一定的局限性，特别是考试题型受到限制。而且，随着计算机技术和人工智能技术的发展，上述的种种限制将逐步得到解决，计算机考试的条件也将日趋成熟。
鉴于此，如果开发一个试题库及试卷管理系统以克服手工出卷的缺点和不足，减少繁重的工作量，从而有效地配合教学活动，促进学生学习，丰富学生知识，增进教学交流，提高教学质量，无疑是具有重大意义的。因此本论文以“试题管理系统”的开发为背景，探讨系统开发过程中出现的问题。为了达到预期的目标我们最终选择了Microsoft Word作为本软件的终端输出。本软件采用了MS SQL Server2000作为服务器数据库开发工具，采用Visual Basic6.0作为客户端开发工具。
全文主要分为引言、开发工具及体系结构介绍、系统设计与实现、结论与展望等几部分。主要详细介绍试题管理模块中的细节问题以及技术问题，同时还详细阐述了试题管理系统的设计与实现。最后对试题管理系统的进一步发展提出了展望。
For establishing a vibrant staff managing mechanism, creating a "passionate and civilized, incorrupt and efficient as well as business well-trained" staff's troops, the current country tax law system practices, based on the core of ability class, the management system with the ability settling the class, the post settling the duty, prize and punishment connected and dynamic management. But among them the ability class authentication, which regards examining as the main means, is a basic premise to put that system into practice. Therefore, surrounding the exaltation of staff's quality, how to scientifically and reasonably test and assess the business level and technical ability of each staff is lifted to the agenda of the current country tax law system.
At present, all kinds of examinations held in school and other social organizations basically adopt the traditional examination method. Under this kind of way, organizing a complete examination experiences four stages at least: the artificial paper setting, the process of examination, the artificial paper grading and the score statistics. Obviously, along with the aggrandizement of examination demanding and continuous increasing of the request, the teacher's workload will become larger and larger. It's safe to say that the traditional examination method can't adapt to the demand of the modern examination. Along with the technical development in computer, the application of computer at every trade is more and more extensive. People need to make use of the computer to execute the examination urgently, so as to alleviate the teacher's work burden, increase work efficiency, and also examination quantity.
Certainly, making use of the computer to execute the examination is not an easy affair. First, since people have been long accustomed to traditional artificial examining way, they must consider a lot of problems needing resolving when making use of computer proceeding examining. Second, making use of the computer to execute the examination has some disadvantages, especially in the restriction of the question types. And, with the development of computer and artificial intelligence technique, the above-mentioned restricts will get solved gradually, and conditions of the computer examination also will be gradually mature.
Owing to this, developing a paper database and paper managing system doubtlessly is to have the great significance. This may help to avoid the shortage of
目前，学校及社会上的各种考试基本上都是采用传统的考试方式，在这种方式下，组织一次完整的考试至少要经历四个阶段：人工出卷、考生考试、人工阅卷、成绩统计。显然，随着考试需求的增大和考试要求的不断提高，教师的工作量将越来越大。可以说，传统的考试方式已经不能适应现代考试的需要。随着计算机技术的发展，计算机在各行各业的应用越来越广泛，人们迫切需要利用计算机来进行考试，以减轻教师的工作负担和提高工作效率，同时也提高考试质量。
当然，利用计算机进行考试并不是一件容易的事情，首选，由于人们长期习惯于传统的人工考试方式，如果利用计算机进行考试，就必须考虑实施中很多需要解决的具体问题。其次，利用计算机考试有一定的局限性，特别是考试题型受到限制。而且，随着计算机技术和人工智能技术的发展，上述的种种限制将逐步得到解决，计算机考试的条件也将日趋成熟。
鉴于此，如果开发一个试题库及试卷管理系统以克服手工出卷的缺点和不足，减少繁重的工作量，从而有效地配合教学活动，促进学生学习，丰富学生知识，增进教学交流，提高教学质量，无疑是具有重大意义的。因此本论文以“试题管理系统”的开发为背景，探讨系统开发过程中出现的问题。为了达到预期的目标我们最终选择了Microsoft Word作为本软件的终端输出。本软件采用了MS SQL Server2000作为服务器数据库开发工具，采用Visual Basic6.0作为客户端开发工具。
全文主要分为引言、开发工具及体系结构介绍、系统设计与实现、结论与展望等几部分。主要详细介绍试题管理模块中的细节问题以及技术问题，同时还详细阐述了试题管理系统的设计与实现。最后对试题管理系统的进一步发展提出了展望。
For establishing a vibrant staff managing mechanism, creating a "passionate and civilized, incorrupt and efficient as well as business well-trained" staff's troops, the current country tax law system practices, based on the core of ability class, the management system with the ability settling the class, the post settling the duty, prize and punishment connected and dynamic management. But among them the ability class authentication, which regards examining as the main means, is a basic premise to put that system into practice. Therefore, surrounding the exaltation of staff's quality, how to scientifically and reasonably test and assess the business level and technical ability of each staff is lifted to the agenda of the current country tax law system.
At present, all kinds of examinations held in school and other social organizations basically adopt the traditional examination method. Under this kind of way, organizing a complete examination experiences four stages at least: the artificial paper setting, the process of examination, the artificial paper grading and the score statistics. Obviously, along with the aggrandizement of examination demanding and continuous increasing of the request, the teacher's workload will become larger and larger. It's safe to say that the traditional examination method can't adapt to the demand of the modern examination. Along with the technical development in computer, the application of computer at every trade is more and more extensive. People need to make use of the computer to execute the examination urgently, so as to alleviate the teacher's work burden, increase work efficiency, and also examination quantity.
Certainly, making use of the computer to execute the examination is not an easy affair. First, since people have been long accustomed to traditional artificial examining way, they must consider a lot of problems needing resolving when making use of computer proceeding examining. Second, making use of the computer to execute the examination has some disadvantages, especially in the restriction of the question types. And, with the development of computer and artificial intelligence technique, the above-mentioned restricts will get solved gradually, and conditions of the computer examination also will be gradually mature.
Owing to this, developing a paper database and paper managing system doubtlessly is to have the great significance. This may help to avoid the shortage of
引文
[1] 胡同森等著．Visual Basic 6．0程序设计教程．浙江科学出版技术出版社
[2] 编程高手工作室．Visual Basic编程高手．北京希望电子出版社
[3] 萨师煊 王珊著．数据库系统概论，高等教育出版社
[4] Francesco Balena著．翔实翻译组译．Visual Basic 6编程技术大全．机械工业出版社
[5] 李晓酷，张晓辉，李祥胜编著．SQL Server2000管理及应用系统开发．人民邮电出版社
[6] Microsof公司著．Ricrosoft Visual Basic 6．0控件参考手册．北京希望电子出版社
[7] Dianne Siebold著．邱仲潘等译．Visual Basic开发指南—SQL Server篇．电子工业出版社
[8] 刘韬，骆鹃，何旭洪编著．Visual Basic 6．0数据库系统开发实例导航．人民邮电出版社
[9] Wayne Freeze著．贾志博等译．Visual Basic数据库编程宝典．电子工业出版社
[10] 郑人杰等著．实用软件工程．清华大学出版社
[11] 陈松乔等．现代软件工程．北方交通大学出版社．2002年1月
[12] 唐树才．Visual Basic．NET程序设计与应用[M]．北京：电子工业出版社．2002．13～16．
[13] bineon, ado.net详细研究(一)[EB/OL].http://www.csdn.net/Develop/article/26/26246.shtm. 2004-4-1.
[14] 奚越，徐捷．计算机考试系统研究与实现．济南大学学报(自然科学版)．第16卷．第3期．2002年9月
[15] 吴锦林，吴清锋．分布式计算机应用水平考试系统的设计与实现．计算机工程与设计．2003年03期
[16] 申瑞民，李文彬，严健．WebTest in—一个基于WWW的远程测试系统．计算机工程及应用
[17] 周平，庄红，胡瑞霖等．通用化考试系统设计若干技术研究．http://218.22.0.27/lunwen/dianziban/200201/020119.htm
[18] 吴水秀．智能试卷生成和自适应考试系统．计算机与现代化．1999．(1)
[19] 韩卫，石中盘等．基于client／Server模式的智能抽题算法．计算机工程与应用．2001．(21)
[20] 于松涛，徐振成．精通SQL Server 2000数据库管理与开发．
[21] 《Visual Basic数据库项目案例导航》电子科技大学出版社，2000年
[22] 陈艳峰，高文姬，邵蕴秋主编．Visual Basic控件高手．北京希望电子出版社．2001年1月
[23] [美]Wayne Freeze著．尹吉吉，冯硕，贾志博等译．Visual Basic数据库编程宝典．电子 工业出版社．2001年5月
[24] [美]Dianne sisbold著．邱仲潘等泽．Visual Basic开发指南-SQL server篇．电子工业出版社．2000年9月
[25] 怎样在VB中控制WORD．http://www.yesky.com/20010919/197627.shtml
[26] 通过OLE实现Excel或Word数据交换．http://tech.sina.com.cn/c/2001-11-05/6906.html
[27] 余彤赝．为什么采用C／S体系结构．http://www.ee-forum.org/whycs.html#2%20C/S体系结构简介
[28] 试题资源管理平台的建立及其意义．http://forum.blogchina.com/p602308.html
[29] 计算机辅助考试管理系统．http://www.yw520.com.cn/archives/2006/5617.shtml
[30] Microsoft ADO程序员参考．http://www.51windows.net/pages/ado/?url=/pages/ado/mdmthcoldeletefield.htm
[31] Richard Mansfield著．Visual Basic 6 Weekend Crash Course．出版社：M&T Books
[32] Bob Reselman，Richard Peasley，Wayne Pruchniak．著Visual Basic 6．0使用指南．出版社：电子工业出版社
[33] GERALD V.POST(美)．Database Management Systems：Designing&Building Business Applications．机械工业出版社
[34] IAN SOMMERVILLE(美). Softeware Engineering(Seventh Edition).机械工业出版社
[35] Stephen Wynkoop. Special Edition Using Microsoft SQL Server 6.5 Second Edition. Copyright 1997 By Que Corporation
[36] Visual Basic 5 Development and Manual. Copyright 1998 By Mike McKelvy & Ronald Martinsen (America)
[2] 编程高手工作室．Visual Basic编程高手．北京希望电子出版社
[3] 萨师煊 王珊著．数据库系统概论，高等教育出版社
[4] Francesco Balena著．翔实翻译组译．Visual Basic 6编程技术大全．机械工业出版社
[5] 李晓酷，张晓辉，李祥胜编著．SQL Server2000管理及应用系统开发．人民邮电出版社
[6] Microsof公司著．Ricrosoft Visual Basic 6．0控件参考手册．北京希望电子出版社
[7] Dianne Siebold著．邱仲潘等译．Visual Basic开发指南—SQL Server篇．电子工业出版社
[8] 刘韬，骆鹃，何旭洪编著．Visual Basic 6．0数据库系统开发实例导航．人民邮电出版社
[9] Wayne Freeze著．贾志博等译．Visual Basic数据库编程宝典．电子工业出版社
[10] 郑人杰等著．实用软件工程．清华大学出版社
[11] 陈松乔等．现代软件工程．北方交通大学出版社．2002年1月
[12] 唐树才．Visual Basic．NET程序设计与应用[M]．北京：电子工业出版社．2002．13～16．
[13] bineon, ado.net详细研究(一)[EB/OL].http://www.csdn.net/Develop/article/26/26246.shtm. 2004-4-1.
[14] 奚越，徐捷．计算机考试系统研究与实现．济南大学学报(自然科学版)．第16卷．第3期．2002年9月
[15] 吴锦林，吴清锋．分布式计算机应用水平考试系统的设计与实现．计算机工程与设计．2003年03期
[16] 申瑞民，李文彬，严健．WebTest in—一个基于WWW的远程测试系统．计算机工程及应用
[17] 周平，庄红，胡瑞霖等．通用化考试系统设计若干技术研究．http://218.22.0.27/lunwen/dianziban/200201/020119.htm
[18] 吴水秀．智能试卷生成和自适应考试系统．计算机与现代化．1999．(1)
[19] 韩卫，石中盘等．基于client／Server模式的智能抽题算法．计算机工程与应用．2001．(21)
[20] 于松涛，徐振成．精通SQL Server 2000数据库管理与开发．
[21] 《Visual Basic数据库项目案例导航》电子科技大学出版社，2000年
[22] 陈艳峰，高文姬，邵蕴秋主编．Visual Basic控件高手．北京希望电子出版社．2001年1月
[23] [美]Wayne Freeze著．尹吉吉，冯硕，贾志博等译．Visual Basic数据库编程宝典．电子 工业出版社．2001年5月
[24] [美]Dianne sisbold著．邱仲潘等泽．Visual Basic开发指南-SQL server篇．电子工业出版社．2000年9月
[25] 怎样在VB中控制WORD．http://www.yesky.com/20010919/197627.shtml
[26] 通过OLE实现Excel或Word数据交换．http://tech.sina.com.cn/c/2001-11-05/6906.html
[27] 余彤赝．为什么采用C／S体系结构．http://www.ee-forum.org/whycs.html#2%20C/S体系结构简介
[28] 试题资源管理平台的建立及其意义．http://forum.blogchina.com/p602308.html
[29] 计算机辅助考试管理系统．http://www.yw520.com.cn/archives/2006/5617.shtml
[30] Microsoft ADO程序员参考．http://www.51windows.net/pages/ado/?url=/pages/ado/mdmthcoldeletefield.htm
[31] Richard Mansfield著．Visual Basic 6 Weekend Crash Course．出版社：M&T Books
[32] Bob Reselman，Richard Peasley，Wayne Pruchniak．著Visual Basic 6．0使用指南．出版社：电子工业出版社
[33] GERALD V.POST(美)．Database Management Systems：Designing&Building Business Applications．机械工业出版社
[34] IAN SOMMERVILLE(美). Softeware Engineering(Seventh Edition).机械工业出版社
[35] Stephen Wynkoop. Special Edition Using Microsoft SQL Server 6.5 Second Edition. Copyright 1997 By Que Corporation
[36] Visual Basic 5 Development and Manual. Copyright 1998 By Mike McKelvy & Ronald Martinsen (America)