珠蚌肽钙的加工工艺与工厂设计研究
摘要
目前,珠蚌养殖业发展迅速,蚌肉产量很大,但是培育珍珠后的蚌肉大多数被直接抛弃,造成很大的资源浪费。新鲜珠蚌肉中含有10.9%的蛋白质,是制备肽钙的最佳原料。多肽与钙离子螯合可形成肽钙,肽钙中的钙离子以螯合状态被机体转运吸收,在需要时钙又能以离子形式被释放出来。肽钙作为一种很好的补钙产品,不仅可以促进机体对钙离子的吸收,而且可以为机体补充多肽。
本项目以珠蚌育珠后的蚌肉为原料,采用酶解、超声波改性、螯合等技术制备珠蚌肽钙,并通过添加常规辅料和维生素强化剂复配制备钙片,进行年产50吨钙片的工厂设计。结果如下：
(1)通过单因素和正交实验确定了肽钙制备的最佳工艺：多肽浓度1：30、螯合温度35℃、螯合时间45min、肽钙比1：1.5、pH9.5,在此条件下肽钙中的钙质量分数为3.15%。
(2)通过研究超声波的改性过程,确定了改性的条件为超声功率160W、超声温度50℃、超声时间10min、多肽浓度1：40。在该条件下的肽钙中钙质量分数为6.037%。
(3)改性多肽与钙离子螯合反应经过优化后,得出改性肽钙的最佳工艺为：肽钙比1：1、多肽浓度1：40、pH9、螯合温度40℃、螯合时间30mmin。该条件下肽钙中钙的质量分数为6.307%。改性后的肽钙螯合效果较未改性前的效果更佳。
(4)通过红外光谱、紫外光谱扫描等技术对多肽及肽钙的结构进行了初步分析,结果表明螯合后紫外吸收峰发生红移,红外光谱中出现羧酸盐的特征峰,说明多肽与钙生成了螯合物,从电镜扫描的图谱中可以看出多肽与钙离子通过离子键、配位键等作用力生成了小颗粒聚集的团体,形成了类似盐的结构。从而进一步证明多肽与钙离子之间发生了螯合。
(5)对钙片的生产车间进行平面布局设计,得到了车间平面布局图,同时对生产过程中的物料进行衡算,水、电、汽进行估算。得出年产50吨钙片的生产费用(原料、水、电、汽、人工)为414.70万元,销售收入为830.00万元。
At present, most of the clam meat was abandoned directly, causing great waste of resources.Fresh mussel meat contains10.9%protein,is one of the best raw materials to prepare peptide calcium. Peptide-calcium was prepared by peptide chelating with calcium, the calcium ions were transported and absorbed in it's chelating state in hunman body and released when it is needed in the form of calcium ion, peptide calcium as calcium products not only can promote the body's absorption of calcium, but also can supplement the polypeptide.
This researsh is based on the river mussel Yo bead after the clam meat as raw material, using enzymatic hydrolysis, ultrasonic modification, chelating technology to prepare the clam peptide calcium, and joined the conventional excipients and vitamin supplements by compound to preparation of calcium,and designed a plant which can product50tons of calium each year. The results are as follows:
(1) The optimal process of peptide calcium was determined through single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments.Feed liquid ratio is1:30, chelating temperature is35℃, chelating time is45min, peptide calcium ratio is1:1.5, pH is9.5. Under these conditions, the calcium mass fraction in peptide-calcium is3.15%.
(2) Through the study in ultrasonic modification process, we confirmed the conditions of modifying Ultrosonic power160W、temperature50℃、time10min, The concentration of peptide of1:40. Under these conditions, the calcium mass fraction in peptide-calcium is6.037%.
(3) The chelating reaction of modified peptides and calcium ion was optimized.The conditions are as follow:peptide calcium ratio1:1, The concentration of peptide1:40, temperature40℃, pH9, time30min. Under these conditions, the calcium mass fraction in peptide-calcium is6.307%. The chelation of modified peptide calcium is better than that of without modifying.
(4) Using infrared spectrum and ultraviolet spectrum scanning techniques to analyze the preliminary structure of peptide-calcium, the results showed that the ultraviolet absorption peak shift after chelation, the characteristic peaks of carboxylate appeared in infrared spectroscopy. These features indicate that peptides and calcium have chelated. Through the scanning maps of electron microscopy, we can see that polypeptide and calcium ions generated small particles aggregation group through ion, coordination bond and so on, and formed a structure which similar to salt. Thereby, we can move a step to prove the chelation between polypeptide and calcium ion.
(5) After make a plane design on the calcium production workshop, we obtained the workshop layout, at the same time, we also got the production fee (raw materials, water, electricity, steam,artificial) which is4,147,000RMB after estimating the cost of material, water, electric, steam in the process of the production. Sales revenue of8,300,000RMB.
本项目以珠蚌育珠后的蚌肉为原料,采用酶解、超声波改性、螯合等技术制备珠蚌肽钙,并通过添加常规辅料和维生素强化剂复配制备钙片,进行年产50吨钙片的工厂设计。结果如下：
(1)通过单因素和正交实验确定了肽钙制备的最佳工艺：多肽浓度1：30、螯合温度35℃、螯合时间45min、肽钙比1：1.5、pH9.5,在此条件下肽钙中的钙质量分数为3.15%。
(2)通过研究超声波的改性过程,确定了改性的条件为超声功率160W、超声温度50℃、超声时间10min、多肽浓度1：40。在该条件下的肽钙中钙质量分数为6.037%。
(3)改性多肽与钙离子螯合反应经过优化后,得出改性肽钙的最佳工艺为：肽钙比1：1、多肽浓度1：40、pH9、螯合温度40℃、螯合时间30mmin。该条件下肽钙中钙的质量分数为6.307%。改性后的肽钙螯合效果较未改性前的效果更佳。
(4)通过红外光谱、紫外光谱扫描等技术对多肽及肽钙的结构进行了初步分析,结果表明螯合后紫外吸收峰发生红移,红外光谱中出现羧酸盐的特征峰,说明多肽与钙生成了螯合物,从电镜扫描的图谱中可以看出多肽与钙离子通过离子键、配位键等作用力生成了小颗粒聚集的团体,形成了类似盐的结构。从而进一步证明多肽与钙离子之间发生了螯合。
(5)对钙片的生产车间进行平面布局设计,得到了车间平面布局图,同时对生产过程中的物料进行衡算,水、电、汽进行估算。得出年产50吨钙片的生产费用(原料、水、电、汽、人工)为414.70万元,销售收入为830.00万元。
At present, most of the clam meat was abandoned directly, causing great waste of resources.Fresh mussel meat contains10.9%protein,is one of the best raw materials to prepare peptide calcium. Peptide-calcium was prepared by peptide chelating with calcium, the calcium ions were transported and absorbed in it's chelating state in hunman body and released when it is needed in the form of calcium ion, peptide calcium as calcium products not only can promote the body's absorption of calcium, but also can supplement the polypeptide.
This researsh is based on the river mussel Yo bead after the clam meat as raw material, using enzymatic hydrolysis, ultrasonic modification, chelating technology to prepare the clam peptide calcium, and joined the conventional excipients and vitamin supplements by compound to preparation of calcium,and designed a plant which can product50tons of calium each year. The results are as follows:
(1) The optimal process of peptide calcium was determined through single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments.Feed liquid ratio is1:30, chelating temperature is35℃, chelating time is45min, peptide calcium ratio is1:1.5, pH is9.5. Under these conditions, the calcium mass fraction in peptide-calcium is3.15%.
(2) Through the study in ultrasonic modification process, we confirmed the conditions of modifying Ultrosonic power160W、temperature50℃、time10min, The concentration of peptide of1:40. Under these conditions, the calcium mass fraction in peptide-calcium is6.037%.
(3) The chelating reaction of modified peptides and calcium ion was optimized.The conditions are as follow:peptide calcium ratio1:1, The concentration of peptide1:40, temperature40℃, pH9, time30min. Under these conditions, the calcium mass fraction in peptide-calcium is6.307%. The chelation of modified peptide calcium is better than that of without modifying.
(4) Using infrared spectrum and ultraviolet spectrum scanning techniques to analyze the preliminary structure of peptide-calcium, the results showed that the ultraviolet absorption peak shift after chelation, the characteristic peaks of carboxylate appeared in infrared spectroscopy. These features indicate that peptides and calcium have chelated. Through the scanning maps of electron microscopy, we can see that polypeptide and calcium ions generated small particles aggregation group through ion, coordination bond and so on, and formed a structure which similar to salt. Thereby, we can move a step to prove the chelation between polypeptide and calcium ion.
(5) After make a plane design on the calcium production workshop, we obtained the workshop layout, at the same time, we also got the production fee (raw materials, water, electricity, steam,artificial) which is4,147,000RMB after estimating the cost of material, water, electric, steam in the process of the production. Sales revenue of8,300,000RMB.
引文
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