基于GrADS的数值天气预报可视化系统的设计与实现
摘要
随着国家经济建设的快速发展,各种现代化程度越来越高,加之国家对气象系统的重视和投入,大气探测的手段在不断提高,获得气象的要素越来越多,数据量越来越大,如何更加快速有效的用好这些数据和解析数据成为当前预报业务工作最为关心的问题之一。随着计算机的硬件发展,已经完全能够满足普通预报业务工作,各种数据的计算可视化层现在预报员面前已不再是奢望,利用国家巨型计算系统运算出的数值天气预报数据,已最直观的图片形式展现在各及预报员面前已成为事实。目前针对气象数据的可视化,尤其是二维数据的软件,在国内还不多,常用的气象显示分析软件,多为专业性较强,对于培养一个预报员的同时,还需要培养一批对该软件操作熟悉的业务人员,成本相对较高。因此,相对于各级气象部门来说,需要一种将观测资料和数值天气预报的大量数据进行有效的处理和显示,同时又要非常的快捷,使预报员能够直观同时快捷的了解最近的天气状况,做出准确的天气预报。
本文介绍目前国内,气象数据的科学计算可视化的主要技术,考虑到使用意义和成本问题,主要分析国内外应用于气象的二维显示软件的特点和不足,基于GRDAS软件的特点和缺点,选择该软件开发支持,利用我国气象部门普遍使用的9210系统获得数值天气预报数据,开发适合气象部门业务预报的数据显示系统。
With national economic development has developed rapidly, and high degree of modernization, the state of weather systems and atmospheric observation, and the means of steadily improved, meteorological elements of the quantity of data, more and more and more rapid and effective use these data and intuitive parsing data into the current forecast business is most concerned about the issue. As computer hardware development and was able to meet the ordinary work, data visualization of the floor now before the weatherman has ceased to be guilty of one country, the system of operation of numerical weather prediction data, has the most direct manifestation form of the picture in the front and the weatherman has become a reality. Present for meteorological data visualization and especially of a two-dimensional data software, at home is not much, the weather shows that software for analysis and professional strong, a forecaster with the same time, also need to train a group of the operation of the familiar business personnel, relatively high costs. Therefore, relatively to meteorological departments at all levels, need some materials will be observed and numerical weather prediction of a large number of effective processing and data show also be very quick and the forecaster to be able to direct and quick to understand the latest weather conditions and make accurate weather forecast.
This at present the domestic and meteorological data visualization of scientific calculations of the main techniques used, consider the meaning and costs problems, mainly analyses and applied to meteorological software of a two-dimensional shows the characteristics and is based on GrADS software and shortcomings, the software development support, the use of meteorological department of our common use 9210 system numerical weather prediction data, the development of meteorological department for business forecast the data system.
本文介绍目前国内,气象数据的科学计算可视化的主要技术,考虑到使用意义和成本问题,主要分析国内外应用于气象的二维显示软件的特点和不足,基于GRDAS软件的特点和缺点,选择该软件开发支持,利用我国气象部门普遍使用的9210系统获得数值天气预报数据,开发适合气象部门业务预报的数据显示系统。
With national economic development has developed rapidly, and high degree of modernization, the state of weather systems and atmospheric observation, and the means of steadily improved, meteorological elements of the quantity of data, more and more and more rapid and effective use these data and intuitive parsing data into the current forecast business is most concerned about the issue. As computer hardware development and was able to meet the ordinary work, data visualization of the floor now before the weatherman has ceased to be guilty of one country, the system of operation of numerical weather prediction data, has the most direct manifestation form of the picture in the front and the weatherman has become a reality. Present for meteorological data visualization and especially of a two-dimensional data software, at home is not much, the weather shows that software for analysis and professional strong, a forecaster with the same time, also need to train a group of the operation of the familiar business personnel, relatively high costs. Therefore, relatively to meteorological departments at all levels, need some materials will be observed and numerical weather prediction of a large number of effective processing and data show also be very quick and the forecaster to be able to direct and quick to understand the latest weather conditions and make accurate weather forecast.
This at present the domestic and meteorological data visualization of scientific calculations of the main techniques used, consider the meaning and costs problems, mainly analyses and applied to meteorological software of a two-dimensional shows the characteristics and is based on GrADS software and shortcomings, the software development support, the use of meteorological department of our common use 9210 system numerical weather prediction data, the development of meteorological department for business forecast the data system.
引文
[1] Lennart Bengtsson,战淑芸.数值天气预报的发展远景.海洋预报, 1988:(S1)
[2]沈桐立等.数值天气预报(修订版).气象出版社, 2003
[3] David J. Stensrud《Parameterization Schemes: Keys to Understanding Numerical Weather Prediction Models》Cambridge University Press
[4]皮学贤,蔡勋,宋君强.气象可视化原型系统的设计与实现.计算机工程与科学, 2001:(1)
[5]李妍,黄峰,沙文钮.基于气象要素标量场对象的可视化及其应用.气象科学, 2001:(1)
[6] A吴铁健.基于Web的气象可视化系统研究与实现.国防科学技术大学.2002年硕士论文/B吴铁健,张为民,蔡勋.用Java构建的基于Web的气象可视化系统.计算机工程, 2002:(12)
[7]王洪庆,张焱,郑永光.气象信息科学视算环境及其若干问题.气象学报, 2004:(5)
[8]李培军,张维峰,郭洪涛.气象资料三维化技术中的插值问题.气象科学, 2005:(6)
[9]黄锋;陈明先;关鸿志.用GrADS实现东莞市地面气象要素的可视化显示.广东气象, 2007: (02)
[10]沈震宇,范茵,陶俐君等.可视化技术在气象数据场分析中的运用.系统仿真学报, 2006: (18),1
[11]魏六锋.气象信息存储管理和显示分析系统的研究和设计.重庆大学, 2006年硕士论文
[12]张晰莹.跨世纪的新一代气象业务现代化工程──气象卫星综合应用业务系统(9210工程).黑龙江气象, 1996:(04)
[13]龚佃利,王以琳.常用气象绘图软件介绍.山东气象, 2000-1
[14]黄毅梅,周毓荃,张超. GrADS在数值产品分析中的开发应用.河南气象, 2000:(01)
[15]王洪庆,刘启汉,陈伟文,等.用于海洋和大气数值模拟数据分析的微机可视化系统.香港科技大学.海岸与大气研究中心(CCAR), 2001.
[16]王洪庆,张焱,陶祖钰,等.五维大型复杂数据集计算机可视化.自然科学进展, 1998:(06)
[17] GRADS实用手册;大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室编写;中国科学院大气物理研究所
[18] Albers S. 1995. The LAPS wind analysis. Weather and Forecasting. 10, 342-352.
[19] J. McGinley, D. Birkenheuer, and J. Smart 1996: The Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS): Analyses of c-louds, precipitation, and temperature. Weather and Forecas-ting,11,273-287.
[20] J. A. McGinley, D. L. Birkenheuer, and J. R. Smart. The Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS): Analysis of clouds, precipitation, and temperature. Wea. Forecasting. 1996.11.273– 287.
[21]龚佃利,王以琳.常用气象绘图软件介绍.山东气象, 2000-1.
[22]谢逸,乔云亭. GrADS使用简介.广东气象, 2000:(03), 36-38
[23]吴艳青. Gr ADS绘图软件在台站业务中的应用[J].辽宁气象, 2003:(01), 29-32
[24]阎冠华,山西气象. GrADS绘图软件在气象应用中的一些技巧, 2002:(01), 30-31+45
[25]乔云亭,谢逸. GRIB数据及其在GrADS中的使用.广东气象, 2001:(03), 28-30
[26]况雪源. GrADS绘图系统在站点等值线中的应用.广西气象, 2001:(02), 54-57
[27]黄毅梅,周毓荃,张超. GrADS在数值产品分析中的开发应用.河南气象, 2000:(01), 34-36
[28] Brian Doty Mike Fiorino, GrADS user's manual and reference file. Center for Ocean- Land- Atmosphere Studies
[29] Itzik Ben-Gan《Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : T-SQL Querying》电子工业出版社2008.1
[30] Donis Marshall《Programming Microsoft Visual C# 2005 The Language》tsinghua university press 2007.1
[31] Q.J.R.Meteorol.Soc.Viterbo,Beljaars,A.C.M.,Mahouf,J.-F.et al.《The representation of soil moisture freezing and its impact on the stable boundary layer》, ,1999,125 (26):2401-2406.
[32]沈兰萍,欧策.用于分析数值天气预报模型输出数据的基于巨型机的可视化系统.电子计算机, 1984:(2)
[33]张家国,王珏,王叶红.用中尺度数值模式诊断强风暴潜势研究.气象科技, 2008:36(2)
[34] Paul klemenc《Evsluating Software Architec Evsluating Software Architec》2003.4
[35] Colin Ware《Information Visualization,》(Second Edition: Perception for Design)Morgan Kaufmann 2004
[2]沈桐立等.数值天气预报(修订版).气象出版社, 2003
[3] David J. Stensrud《Parameterization Schemes: Keys to Understanding Numerical Weather Prediction Models》Cambridge University Press
[4]皮学贤,蔡勋,宋君强.气象可视化原型系统的设计与实现.计算机工程与科学, 2001:(1)
[5]李妍,黄峰,沙文钮.基于气象要素标量场对象的可视化及其应用.气象科学, 2001:(1)
[6] A吴铁健.基于Web的气象可视化系统研究与实现.国防科学技术大学.2002年硕士论文/B吴铁健,张为民,蔡勋.用Java构建的基于Web的气象可视化系统.计算机工程, 2002:(12)
[7]王洪庆,张焱,郑永光.气象信息科学视算环境及其若干问题.气象学报, 2004:(5)
[8]李培军,张维峰,郭洪涛.气象资料三维化技术中的插值问题.气象科学, 2005:(6)
[9]黄锋;陈明先;关鸿志.用GrADS实现东莞市地面气象要素的可视化显示.广东气象, 2007: (02)
[10]沈震宇,范茵,陶俐君等.可视化技术在气象数据场分析中的运用.系统仿真学报, 2006: (18),1
[11]魏六锋.气象信息存储管理和显示分析系统的研究和设计.重庆大学, 2006年硕士论文
[12]张晰莹.跨世纪的新一代气象业务现代化工程──气象卫星综合应用业务系统(9210工程).黑龙江气象, 1996:(04)
[13]龚佃利,王以琳.常用气象绘图软件介绍.山东气象, 2000-1
[14]黄毅梅,周毓荃,张超. GrADS在数值产品分析中的开发应用.河南气象, 2000:(01)
[15]王洪庆,刘启汉,陈伟文,等.用于海洋和大气数值模拟数据分析的微机可视化系统.香港科技大学.海岸与大气研究中心(CCAR), 2001.
[16]王洪庆,张焱,陶祖钰,等.五维大型复杂数据集计算机可视化.自然科学进展, 1998:(06)
[17] GRADS实用手册;大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室编写;中国科学院大气物理研究所
[18] Albers S. 1995. The LAPS wind analysis. Weather and Forecasting. 10, 342-352.
[19] J. McGinley, D. Birkenheuer, and J. Smart 1996: The Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS): Analyses of c-louds, precipitation, and temperature. Weather and Forecas-ting,11,273-287.
[20] J. A. McGinley, D. L. Birkenheuer, and J. R. Smart. The Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS): Analysis of clouds, precipitation, and temperature. Wea. Forecasting. 1996.11.273– 287.
[21]龚佃利,王以琳.常用气象绘图软件介绍.山东气象, 2000-1.
[22]谢逸,乔云亭. GrADS使用简介.广东气象, 2000:(03), 36-38
[23]吴艳青. Gr ADS绘图软件在台站业务中的应用[J].辽宁气象, 2003:(01), 29-32
[24]阎冠华,山西气象. GrADS绘图软件在气象应用中的一些技巧, 2002:(01), 30-31+45
[25]乔云亭,谢逸. GRIB数据及其在GrADS中的使用.广东气象, 2001:(03), 28-30
[26]况雪源. GrADS绘图系统在站点等值线中的应用.广西气象, 2001:(02), 54-57
[27]黄毅梅,周毓荃,张超. GrADS在数值产品分析中的开发应用.河南气象, 2000:(01), 34-36
[28] Brian Doty Mike Fiorino, GrADS user's manual and reference file. Center for Ocean- Land- Atmosphere Studies
[29] Itzik Ben-Gan《Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : T-SQL Querying》电子工业出版社2008.1
[30] Donis Marshall《Programming Microsoft Visual C# 2005 The Language》tsinghua university press 2007.1
[31] Q.J.R.Meteorol.Soc.Viterbo,Beljaars,A.C.M.,Mahouf,J.-F.et al.《The representation of soil moisture freezing and its impact on the stable boundary layer》, ,1999,125 (26):2401-2406.
[32]沈兰萍,欧策.用于分析数值天气预报模型输出数据的基于巨型机的可视化系统.电子计算机, 1984:(2)
[33]张家国,王珏,王叶红.用中尺度数值模式诊断强风暴潜势研究.气象科技, 2008:36(2)
[34] Paul klemenc《Evsluating Software Architec Evsluating Software Architec》2003.4
[35] Colin Ware《Information Visualization,》(Second Edition: Perception for Design)Morgan Kaufmann 2004