竹炭/氧化锌复合材料的制备与光催化性能研究
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摘要
竹炭是竹材的热解产物，具有孔隙率较高、比表面积大、吸附能力强等优点，纳米氧化锌是一种宽禁带半导体材料，能够光催化降解有机污染物。
本文以氯化锌和氢氧化钠为原料，采用水热法在竹炭表面负载纳米氧化锌，合成了竹炭/氧化锌复合材料。研究了竹炭吸附的影响因素，纳米氧化锌生长的影响因素，同时以甲基橙为光催化降解对象，研究了纳米氧化锌和竹炭/氧化锌复合材料的光催化影响因素。研究结果如下：
（1）在一定范围内，竹炭对甲基橙的吸附率，与吸附时间、投加量成正比，与溶液pH、甲基橙初始浓度成反比。在吸附的初始阶段，甲基橙的吸附率随着温度的升高而增加，超过80℃后，又成下降趋势。
（2）水热反应中乙醇的引入，有效的降低了粒子团聚现象。不同的反应物配比会影响溶液的饱和度，从而影响纳米氧化锌的生长。CTAB的引入，影响了纳米氧化锌的生长形貌，当引入量过多时，增加了后期洗涤的困难程度。不同的反应时间和反应温度都会在一定程度上影响纳米氧化锌的生长。
（3）在一定范围内，纳米氧化锌和竹炭/氧化锌复合材料对甲基橙的降解率，与时间、投加量成正比，与温度、溶液pH、甲基橙初始浓度成反比，其中竹炭的最佳掺杂量为1.5000g。竹炭/氧化锌复合材料对甲基橙的降解效果，明显高于单一的竹炭和纳米氧化锌，二者的复合起到了1+1>2的协同耦合作用。
Bamboo Charcoal is one kind of pyrolysis products of bamboo wood, and it has higherporosity, larger specific surface area, and stronger adsorption ability. NanoZnO is a wide bandgaps semiconductor material, and it has photocatalytic degradation on organic pollutants.
Coating bamboo charcoal surface with NanoZnO is successfully performed by hydrothermaldecomposition method using ZnCl2and NaOH. At the same time, we study on the influencefactors of Bamboo Charcoal’s absorbability, influence factors of growth of NanoZnO, influencefactors of photocatalytic degradation of NanoZnO and Bamboo Charcoal/ZnO. The resultsshow below:
(1)The Bamboo Charcoal’s adsorption rate increased with the increased of time andBamboo Charcoal amount, decreased with the increased of original concentration of methylorange and the pH of solution. The absorption rate increased with the increased of temperature,but it decreased after80min.
(2)The introduction of ethanol in hydrothermal reaction effectively reduced the particlereunion. Different ratio of reactants would affect the saturation degree of solution, whichaffected the growth of NanoZnO. The introduction of CTAB in hydrothermal reactioneffectively affected the growth of the NanoZnO morphology, when added too much; it wouldincrease the difficulty in the later washing. The reaction time and temperature influenced thegrowth of the NanoZnO morphology.
(3) The degradation rate of Nano ZnO and Bamboo Charcoal/ZnO increased with theincreased of time, amount of Nano ZnO and BambooCharcoal/ZnO, but decreased with theincreased of temperature, original concentration of methyl orange and the pH of solution, thebest doping amount of Bamboo Charcoal is1.5000g. The degradation of BambooCharcoal/ZnO is better than the single Charcoal Charcoal and NanoZnO.
本文以氯化锌和氢氧化钠为原料，采用水热法在竹炭表面负载纳米氧化锌，合成了竹炭/氧化锌复合材料。研究了竹炭吸附的影响因素，纳米氧化锌生长的影响因素，同时以甲基橙为光催化降解对象，研究了纳米氧化锌和竹炭/氧化锌复合材料的光催化影响因素。研究结果如下：
（1）在一定范围内，竹炭对甲基橙的吸附率，与吸附时间、投加量成正比，与溶液pH、甲基橙初始浓度成反比。在吸附的初始阶段，甲基橙的吸附率随着温度的升高而增加，超过80℃后，又成下降趋势。
（2）水热反应中乙醇的引入，有效的降低了粒子团聚现象。不同的反应物配比会影响溶液的饱和度，从而影响纳米氧化锌的生长。CTAB的引入，影响了纳米氧化锌的生长形貌，当引入量过多时，增加了后期洗涤的困难程度。不同的反应时间和反应温度都会在一定程度上影响纳米氧化锌的生长。
（3）在一定范围内，纳米氧化锌和竹炭/氧化锌复合材料对甲基橙的降解率，与时间、投加量成正比，与温度、溶液pH、甲基橙初始浓度成反比，其中竹炭的最佳掺杂量为1.5000g。竹炭/氧化锌复合材料对甲基橙的降解效果，明显高于单一的竹炭和纳米氧化锌，二者的复合起到了1+1>2的协同耦合作用。
Bamboo Charcoal is one kind of pyrolysis products of bamboo wood, and it has higherporosity, larger specific surface area, and stronger adsorption ability. NanoZnO is a wide bandgaps semiconductor material, and it has photocatalytic degradation on organic pollutants.
Coating bamboo charcoal surface with NanoZnO is successfully performed by hydrothermaldecomposition method using ZnCl2and NaOH. At the same time, we study on the influencefactors of Bamboo Charcoal’s absorbability, influence factors of growth of NanoZnO, influencefactors of photocatalytic degradation of NanoZnO and Bamboo Charcoal/ZnO. The resultsshow below:
(1)The Bamboo Charcoal’s adsorption rate increased with the increased of time andBamboo Charcoal amount, decreased with the increased of original concentration of methylorange and the pH of solution. The absorption rate increased with the increased of temperature,but it decreased after80min.
(2)The introduction of ethanol in hydrothermal reaction effectively reduced the particlereunion. Different ratio of reactants would affect the saturation degree of solution, whichaffected the growth of NanoZnO. The introduction of CTAB in hydrothermal reactioneffectively affected the growth of the NanoZnO morphology, when added too much; it wouldincrease the difficulty in the later washing. The reaction time and temperature influenced thegrowth of the NanoZnO morphology.
(3) The degradation rate of Nano ZnO and Bamboo Charcoal/ZnO increased with theincreased of time, amount of Nano ZnO and BambooCharcoal/ZnO, but decreased with theincreased of temperature, original concentration of methyl orange and the pH of solution, thebest doping amount of Bamboo Charcoal is1.5000g. The degradation of BambooCharcoal/ZnO is better than the single Charcoal Charcoal and NanoZnO.
引文
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