连锁经营配送中心的补货作业策略研究
摘要
近年来,连锁经营已经成为我国零售业发展的主要方向。连锁经营特点是品种多、批量小、交易频繁和需求变化大,这就要求物流系统能根据消费需求把商品及时配送到各销售点,以满足消费者的需求。连锁经营是当今世界上许多国家普遍采用的一种现代化商业经营形式,是市场经济发展到一定程度的产物。它有利于商业企业获得规模效益,实现经营集约化。配送中心在连锁经营中具有核心地位,起着重要作用。在连锁零售企业竞争日益激烈的今天,配送中心在提高客户订单的满足率、在日常处理不同单位商品的数量等方面将面临很大的挑战,尤其针对那些多批次小批量的商品。显然在这些方面配送中心需要通过改善补货和分拣策略来更好地满足客户需求。
本论文系统总结了国内外配送中心补货作业有关研究的成果,了解与掌握目前该领域的研究理论和方法;同时深入调研和分析国内连锁经营配送中心补货作业面临的问题和瓶颈所在;提出配送中心的补货策略制定步骤和方法,重点阐述补货作业策略影响因素的分析过程,特别应用EIQ分析法进行综合分析,并据此建立补货作业执行模型,论文最后结合实际案例,通过补货策略的应用前后进行补货作业效率的数据对比,从而验证补货作业策略的可靠性,以此能够体现该论文的研究具有很现实的意义。
In recent years, chain operation has been the main orientation in the development of retail in China. The characters of chain operation are varieties, batch less, trade frequently and requirements diversely. It requires logistics system to distribute the products into point-of-sales in time to satisfy the demands of various consumers. Chain operation today is introduced and used widely as a modern form of business operation by many countries in the world. It is also the result that the market economy has developed into a certain degree. It is available for the corporations to achieve the aims of scale economies and intensive management. The distribution center has a core position and plays an important role in the chain operation. Now days, chain retail enterprise is full of fierce competition, therefore, distribution center faces many challenges in improving customers’order fill rate, daily dealing with products with different unit quality, varieties, multiple batches and etc. Needless to say, in these respects, distribution center needs to improve customers’order fulfillment operations through better storage, picking and routing strategies.
This paper summarized systematically the researches of domestic and overseas’literatures, in order to know and grasp the present methods and theories in this field. I also deeply investigated and analyzed domestic distribution center replenishment issues and bottlenecks. It provided methods and steps for making replenishment policy. I introduced emphatically the analysis procedure of replenishment tasks impact factors, especially application of EIQ analysis method. According to the above policy, I built a model for replenishment tasks execution. At the end of this article, I gave an application example to certificate the reliability of this policy, according to the improvement of replenishment work efficiency through data comparison. The research of this article is showed to having significant value for practical application.
本论文系统总结了国内外配送中心补货作业有关研究的成果,了解与掌握目前该领域的研究理论和方法;同时深入调研和分析国内连锁经营配送中心补货作业面临的问题和瓶颈所在;提出配送中心的补货策略制定步骤和方法,重点阐述补货作业策略影响因素的分析过程,特别应用EIQ分析法进行综合分析,并据此建立补货作业执行模型,论文最后结合实际案例,通过补货策略的应用前后进行补货作业效率的数据对比,从而验证补货作业策略的可靠性,以此能够体现该论文的研究具有很现实的意义。
In recent years, chain operation has been the main orientation in the development of retail in China. The characters of chain operation are varieties, batch less, trade frequently and requirements diversely. It requires logistics system to distribute the products into point-of-sales in time to satisfy the demands of various consumers. Chain operation today is introduced and used widely as a modern form of business operation by many countries in the world. It is also the result that the market economy has developed into a certain degree. It is available for the corporations to achieve the aims of scale economies and intensive management. The distribution center has a core position and plays an important role in the chain operation. Now days, chain retail enterprise is full of fierce competition, therefore, distribution center faces many challenges in improving customers’order fill rate, daily dealing with products with different unit quality, varieties, multiple batches and etc. Needless to say, in these respects, distribution center needs to improve customers’order fulfillment operations through better storage, picking and routing strategies.
This paper summarized systematically the researches of domestic and overseas’literatures, in order to know and grasp the present methods and theories in this field. I also deeply investigated and analyzed domestic distribution center replenishment issues and bottlenecks. It provided methods and steps for making replenishment policy. I introduced emphatically the analysis procedure of replenishment tasks impact factors, especially application of EIQ analysis method. According to the above policy, I built a model for replenishment tasks execution. At the end of this article, I gave an application example to certificate the reliability of this policy, according to the improvement of replenishment work efficiency through data comparison. The research of this article is showed to having significant value for practical application.
引文
[1]屈颖,连锁经营配送下的库存控制策略研究,[学位论文],西南交通大学,2004
[2]孙海宁,连锁零售业补发货联合决策模型研究,[学位论文],大连理工大学大学,2009
[3]王军,零售业连锁经营物流配送体系研究,[学位论文],天津大学,2006
[4]邱佩兰,降低运输成本促进物流发展[J].宁波经济,2009,(5), 45-46 [5l王国文,赵海然,咚文立,供应链管理一生产流程与库存[M],北京:企业管理出版社,2006.6
[6]王雄志,王国庆,配送中心定向补货作业问题[J],系统工程,2006,24(1),48-51
[7]李诗珍,配送中心的补货方式及应用[J],物流科技,2005,124(28), 12-13
[8]王雄志,周丽虹,配送中心补货作业问题的蚂蚁算法[J],暨南大学学报,2007,28(3), 263-267
[9]王雄志,王国庆,配送中心补货作业问题启发式算法[J],系统工程理论与实践,2008,4(1), 51-52
[10]孙卫民,EC环境下物流中心产品补货模式研究,[学位论文],北京交通大学,2007
[11]刘向峰,送中心动管区储位分配与补货模式研究,[学位论文],山东大学,2010
[12] Hackman S T, Rosenblatt M J, Allocating items to automated storage and retrieval systems[J], IIE Transactions, 1997, 22(1), 7-14
[13] Frazelle E H, Hackman S T, Passy U, et al, The forward-reverse problem[C]// Ciriani T A, Leachman R C, Optimization industry 2, Wiley, 1994,43-61
[14] Bozer Y A, Optimizing throughput performance in designing order picking systems[D]. Gorgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, 1985
[15]刘友权,EIQ分析法在连锁经营配送中心的应用及实例研究,[学位论文],华中科技大学,2005
[16]李世谦,连锁店经营管理实务[M],北京:经济管理出版社,1996.1,17-18
[17]刘昌祺:物流配送中心拣货系统选择及设计[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2005.1,95
[18]王中祥,连锁经营[M],安徽:安徽大学出版社,1999.9,40、43-45
[19]刘艳,连锁经营企业的物流成本优化设计,[学位论文],西安电子科技大学,2006
[20]李品媛,连锁经营机理新探[J],商业经济与管理,2000,3,23-26
[21]孟钒铃,试论连锁经营的本质特征及其意义[J],商业研究,2000,7,81-82
[22]吴肇鸿,张党良,连锁经营[M],南京:河海大学出版社,1999,18-20
[23]刘铁男.配送中心(3PL)的物流成本分析及服务定价研究,[学位论文],成都:西南交通大学,2004
[24]徐天亮,运输与配送[M],北京:中国物资出版社,2002.10,3
[25]贾争现,刘康,物流配送中心规划与设计[M],机械工业出版社,2004.9,1
[2]孙海宁,连锁零售业补发货联合决策模型研究,[学位论文],大连理工大学大学,2009
[3]王军,零售业连锁经营物流配送体系研究,[学位论文],天津大学,2006
[4]邱佩兰,降低运输成本促进物流发展[J].宁波经济,2009,(5), 45-46 [5l王国文,赵海然,咚文立,供应链管理一生产流程与库存[M],北京:企业管理出版社,2006.6
[6]王雄志,王国庆,配送中心定向补货作业问题[J],系统工程,2006,24(1),48-51
[7]李诗珍,配送中心的补货方式及应用[J],物流科技,2005,124(28), 12-13
[8]王雄志,周丽虹,配送中心补货作业问题的蚂蚁算法[J],暨南大学学报,2007,28(3), 263-267
[9]王雄志,王国庆,配送中心补货作业问题启发式算法[J],系统工程理论与实践,2008,4(1), 51-52
[10]孙卫民,EC环境下物流中心产品补货模式研究,[学位论文],北京交通大学,2007
[11]刘向峰,送中心动管区储位分配与补货模式研究,[学位论文],山东大学,2010
[12] Hackman S T, Rosenblatt M J, Allocating items to automated storage and retrieval systems[J], IIE Transactions, 1997, 22(1), 7-14
[13] Frazelle E H, Hackman S T, Passy U, et al, The forward-reverse problem[C]// Ciriani T A, Leachman R C, Optimization industry 2, Wiley, 1994,43-61
[14] Bozer Y A, Optimizing throughput performance in designing order picking systems[D]. Gorgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, 1985
[15]刘友权,EIQ分析法在连锁经营配送中心的应用及实例研究,[学位论文],华中科技大学,2005
[16]李世谦,连锁店经营管理实务[M],北京:经济管理出版社,1996.1,17-18
[17]刘昌祺:物流配送中心拣货系统选择及设计[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2005.1,95
[18]王中祥,连锁经营[M],安徽:安徽大学出版社,1999.9,40、43-45
[19]刘艳,连锁经营企业的物流成本优化设计,[学位论文],西安电子科技大学,2006
[20]李品媛,连锁经营机理新探[J],商业经济与管理,2000,3,23-26
[21]孟钒铃,试论连锁经营的本质特征及其意义[J],商业研究,2000,7,81-82
[22]吴肇鸿,张党良,连锁经营[M],南京:河海大学出版社,1999,18-20
[23]刘铁男.配送中心(3PL)的物流成本分析及服务定价研究,[学位论文],成都:西南交通大学,2004
[24]徐天亮,运输与配送[M],北京:中国物资出版社,2002.10,3
[25]贾争现,刘康,物流配送中心规划与设计[M],机械工业出版社,2004.9,1