植被护坡工程质量评价方法研究
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摘要
针对目前国内植被护坡工程的不足,为了科学合理评价植被护坡工程的质量,进而为植被护坡工程验收和评估提供有效的手段和技术支持,本文从植被护坡机理、生态学理论出发,依据相关的评价原则和评价方法,建立了植被护坡工程质量评价体系和评价模型。
首先,分析了植被护坡工程相关理论：植被护坡机理、生态学理论、土壤学理论、景观美学理论和可持续发展理论等。再总结了相关评价原则和方法后,提出了用层次分析法确定指标的权重,用综合评价指数法来评价植被护坡工程质量。
其次,综合考虑根系的力学效应、枝叶的水文效应、生态效应、景观效应和施工情况,构造出判断矩阵,得到各指标的权重,建立了评价指标体系。用综合评价指数法建立评价模型,根据评分等级划分表,得到了工程质量等级,从而得到植被护坡工程的护坡效果。
再把已建立的评价模型应用到贵阳乌当区行政中心边坡和沾昆铁路DK535+850-955左侧边坡两个工程中,得到了各自的评价结果和护坡效果,从而验证了该评价模型的合理性。
为了尽可能使工程质量等级达到评价的最高级优级,从已得到的指标权重结果中选出对评价结果产生重要影响的6项关键指标,再来指导植被护坡工程的设计和施工,并例举了液压喷播和三维网两种技术的指导。
Based on the eco-engineering mechanism and ecology theory, a evaluation system and evaluation model of the slope eco-engineering quality are developed in this dissertation, from the related evaluation principles and evaluation methods. It is aimed to evaluate the quality of slope eco-engineering scientifically and reasonably, and to provide a efficient mean and technical support for inspecting and evaluating slope eco-engineering.
Firstly, it analyze the related theory of slope eco-engineering:the mechanism of vegetation maintaining slope stability protection, ecology theory, soil science theory, landscape aesthetics theory and sustainable development theory. On the base of summarizing related evaluation principles and evaluation methods, the weighing of evaluation index is introduced. Meanwhile, the quality of slope eco-engineering is evaluated, through analytic hierarchy process and composite indicator analytic process respectively.
Secondly, through taking mechanical effects of roots, hydrological effects of branch leaves, ecological effects, landscape effects and construction of situation into comprehensive consideration, the matrix of judgment is constructed, obtained the weighing of evaluation index, and established the evaluation indicator system. The evaluation model is established through the composite indicator analytic process and the construction quality grade is obtained through the ranking table. And then, the effect of slope protection of eco-engineering is obtained accordingly.
Then, the established model is applied to the two eco-engineering projects at Wudang district administrative center, Guiyang city and DK535+850～955 of Zhan-Kun railway. In the two projects, the Evaluation results and the effect of slope protection of eco-engineering are obtained, which has identified the reasonableness of the evaluation model.
In order to achieve superior grade of the quality of the project level,6 key indicators are selected from the obtained weighing of evaluation index. They have a major impact on the evaluation results. Finally, it guides the design and construction of eco-engineering, by taking hydraulic sprinkle and three-dimension vegetative net as an example.
首先,分析了植被护坡工程相关理论：植被护坡机理、生态学理论、土壤学理论、景观美学理论和可持续发展理论等。再总结了相关评价原则和方法后,提出了用层次分析法确定指标的权重,用综合评价指数法来评价植被护坡工程质量。
其次,综合考虑根系的力学效应、枝叶的水文效应、生态效应、景观效应和施工情况,构造出判断矩阵,得到各指标的权重,建立了评价指标体系。用综合评价指数法建立评价模型,根据评分等级划分表,得到了工程质量等级,从而得到植被护坡工程的护坡效果。
再把已建立的评价模型应用到贵阳乌当区行政中心边坡和沾昆铁路DK535+850-955左侧边坡两个工程中,得到了各自的评价结果和护坡效果,从而验证了该评价模型的合理性。
为了尽可能使工程质量等级达到评价的最高级优级,从已得到的指标权重结果中选出对评价结果产生重要影响的6项关键指标,再来指导植被护坡工程的设计和施工,并例举了液压喷播和三维网两种技术的指导。
Based on the eco-engineering mechanism and ecology theory, a evaluation system and evaluation model of the slope eco-engineering quality are developed in this dissertation, from the related evaluation principles and evaluation methods. It is aimed to evaluate the quality of slope eco-engineering scientifically and reasonably, and to provide a efficient mean and technical support for inspecting and evaluating slope eco-engineering.
Firstly, it analyze the related theory of slope eco-engineering:the mechanism of vegetation maintaining slope stability protection, ecology theory, soil science theory, landscape aesthetics theory and sustainable development theory. On the base of summarizing related evaluation principles and evaluation methods, the weighing of evaluation index is introduced. Meanwhile, the quality of slope eco-engineering is evaluated, through analytic hierarchy process and composite indicator analytic process respectively.
Secondly, through taking mechanical effects of roots, hydrological effects of branch leaves, ecological effects, landscape effects and construction of situation into comprehensive consideration, the matrix of judgment is constructed, obtained the weighing of evaluation index, and established the evaluation indicator system. The evaluation model is established through the composite indicator analytic process and the construction quality grade is obtained through the ranking table. And then, the effect of slope protection of eco-engineering is obtained accordingly.
Then, the established model is applied to the two eco-engineering projects at Wudang district administrative center, Guiyang city and DK535+850～955 of Zhan-Kun railway. In the two projects, the Evaluation results and the effect of slope protection of eco-engineering are obtained, which has identified the reasonableness of the evaluation model.
In order to achieve superior grade of the quality of the project level,6 key indicators are selected from the obtained weighing of evaluation index. They have a major impact on the evaluation results. Finally, it guides the design and construction of eco-engineering, by taking hydraulic sprinkle and three-dimension vegetative net as an example.
引文
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