未来移动通信中的非对称传输技术研究
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摘要
随着通信系统的不断发展,高速数据业务在未来移动通信系统中占有越来越大的比重,高速数据业务具有上下行传输速率不对称的显著特点。不仅如此,随着数据传输速率的提高,所需的发射功率也相应提高,对人类和环境的影响也越来越大。本文的研究表明:在电磁辐射限制下,上下行传输率也明显的非对称特性,上行链路的传输速率是受限的,而下行链路的传输速率远远大于上行链路。
为了适应未来移动通信中的非对称传输特性,本文首先分析了时分双工技术支持非对称传输时存在的问题。时分双工技术可以通过可以根据业务的情况动态的调整上下行时隙的分配,从而灵活的为上下行分配资源,但同时会带来交叉时隙干扰的问题。区别于目前分析的比较透彻的TDD＼CDMA系统交叉时隙干扰问题,本文分析了存在同步误差时,TDD＼OFDMA系统交叉时隙干扰问题并提出了基于隔离区域的解决方案,该方案可以较好的控制交叉时隙用户的干扰,降低同步误差对系统性能的影响。
论文第四章研究了支持非对称传输的频分双工技术。提出了非对称频分双工AFDD(Asymmetric Frequency Division Duplex)技术的概念:AFDD系统根据业务的实际情况确定上行(下行)单位带宽,将上行(下行)频率按上行(下行)单位带宽分成多个频点,所有上行(下行)频点组成上行(下行)频率池,每个小区根据业务的实际情况,动态使用频率池中的频点。并分析了基于AFDD技术的CDMA系统和OFDMA系统性能,结果表明:AFDD技术可以有效的提高系统容量,节省频率资源。
With the development of communication system, the high date rate traffic plays more and more important part in future communication system, the high date rate traffic is characterized by the uplink rate is asymmetric to downlink rate. Furthermore, with increase of transmission rate, the power is also enhanced and the impact on human and environment is growing. By calculation it shows that: under the restriction of electromagnetic radiation, the uplink transmission rate is limited; the downlink rate is much higher than that of uplink.
To adapt to the asymmetric characteristic of future communication system, the problem of TDD (time division duplex) technology when supporting asymmetric transmission is analyzed in this article. TDD can allocate the slot of uplink and downlink dynamically according to traffic conditions, but it introduces the problem of crossed timeslot interference. Different from the. topic of the crossed timeslot interference in TDD\CDMA system which was well analyzed, the disadvantage of crossed timeslot interference in TDD\OFDMA system is analyzed in this article. And the scheme based on isolated area is put forward to solve this problem which can control the interference of the crossed timeslot and reduce the effect caused by synchronization errors.
Besides TDD technique, frequency division duplex (FDD) is also analyzed in this article. A novel AFDD (Asymmetric Frequency Division Duplex) technique is put forward in this article. AFDD allocate the uplink (downlink) bandwidth according to the service circumstance, it divide the uplink (downlink) frequency into several frequency points, all the uplink (downlink) frequency points make up uplink (downlink) frequency pool, each cell use the frequency points dynamically according to the actual service circumstance. The performance of AFDD\CDMA and AFDD\CDMA system is analyzed in this article, it show that: AFDD technique can improve the system's capacity and efficiency of frequency resource.
为了适应未来移动通信中的非对称传输特性,本文首先分析了时分双工技术支持非对称传输时存在的问题。时分双工技术可以通过可以根据业务的情况动态的调整上下行时隙的分配,从而灵活的为上下行分配资源,但同时会带来交叉时隙干扰的问题。区别于目前分析的比较透彻的TDD＼CDMA系统交叉时隙干扰问题,本文分析了存在同步误差时,TDD＼OFDMA系统交叉时隙干扰问题并提出了基于隔离区域的解决方案,该方案可以较好的控制交叉时隙用户的干扰,降低同步误差对系统性能的影响。
论文第四章研究了支持非对称传输的频分双工技术。提出了非对称频分双工AFDD(Asymmetric Frequency Division Duplex)技术的概念:AFDD系统根据业务的实际情况确定上行(下行)单位带宽,将上行(下行)频率按上行(下行)单位带宽分成多个频点,所有上行(下行)频点组成上行(下行)频率池,每个小区根据业务的实际情况,动态使用频率池中的频点。并分析了基于AFDD技术的CDMA系统和OFDMA系统性能,结果表明:AFDD技术可以有效的提高系统容量,节省频率资源。
With the development of communication system, the high date rate traffic plays more and more important part in future communication system, the high date rate traffic is characterized by the uplink rate is asymmetric to downlink rate. Furthermore, with increase of transmission rate, the power is also enhanced and the impact on human and environment is growing. By calculation it shows that: under the restriction of electromagnetic radiation, the uplink transmission rate is limited; the downlink rate is much higher than that of uplink.
To adapt to the asymmetric characteristic of future communication system, the problem of TDD (time division duplex) technology when supporting asymmetric transmission is analyzed in this article. TDD can allocate the slot of uplink and downlink dynamically according to traffic conditions, but it introduces the problem of crossed timeslot interference. Different from the. topic of the crossed timeslot interference in TDD\CDMA system which was well analyzed, the disadvantage of crossed timeslot interference in TDD\OFDMA system is analyzed in this article. And the scheme based on isolated area is put forward to solve this problem which can control the interference of the crossed timeslot and reduce the effect caused by synchronization errors.
Besides TDD technique, frequency division duplex (FDD) is also analyzed in this article. A novel AFDD (Asymmetric Frequency Division Duplex) technique is put forward in this article. AFDD allocate the uplink (downlink) bandwidth according to the service circumstance, it divide the uplink (downlink) frequency into several frequency points, all the uplink (downlink) frequency points make up uplink (downlink) frequency pool, each cell use the frequency points dynamically according to the actual service circumstance. The performance of AFDD\CDMA and AFDD\CDMA system is analyzed in this article, it show that: AFDD technique can improve the system's capacity and efficiency of frequency resource.
引文
[1].韦惠民,李白萍编著.蜂窝移动通信技术[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[2].陈南阳.简述GSM移动通信系统与移动电话性能测试[J].移动通信,2004,7
[3].刘亚娇.多业务蜂窝移动通信系统中切换技术的研究[D].北京邮电大学硕士论文,2005
[4].郎为民.WCDMA标准化进展[J].网络通信.2006,1-2期
[5].王卫东等.第三代移动通信系统设计原理与规划[M].电子工业出版社,2007
[6].张英海.自适应双工技术研究[D].北京邮电大学博士学位论文,2007
[7].WANG Wei-dong,ZHANG Ying-hai,Zhou Kaijie,Zhang Heng,Research on asymmetric characteristics of mobile communications system based on electromagnetic radiation[C].Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium.2007,Prague.
[8].RIKKINEN K,WILDEY C.WCDMA Scenarios For 2.SGHz IMT-2000 extension band supporting asymmetric frequency allocation[A].3G Mobile Communication Technologies,2003.3G 2003.4th International Conference[C].2003.294-298.
[9].SCHWARZ U,RIKKINEN K,MUSZYNSKI P.Radio resource mana- gement solution for WCDMA FDD system with asymmetric UL/DL carrier allocation[A].Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,2003.PIMRC 2003.14th IEEE Proceedings[C].2003.1481-1484.
[10].3GPP,Feasibility Study Considering the Viable Deployment of UTRA in Additional and Diverse Spectrum Arrgements[S].3GPPTR 25.889 V6.0.0.
[1]C.E.Shannon,"A mathematical theory of communication(Part 1)," Bell Syst.Tech.J.,vol.27,pp.379-423,1948.
[2]Gesbert,D.;Shafi,M.;Da-shan Shiu;Smith,P.J.;Naguib.A."From theory to practice:an overview of MIMO space-time coded wireless systems" JSAC 2003April Page(s):281-302
[3]P.W.Wolniansky,G.J.Foschini,G.D.Golden,and R.A.Valenzuela,"V-BLAST:An architecture for realizing very high data rates over the rich-scattering wireless channel,"presented at the ISSSE-98,Sept.1998.
[4]V.Tarokh,N.Seshadri,A.Calderbank,"Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communication:Performance criterion and code construction",IEEE Trans.Infor Theory,Vol.44,pp.744-765,March 1998.
[5]Siavash.M.Alamouti,"A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications",IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,vol.16,pp.1451-1458,October 1998.
[6]Tarokh,V.;Jafarkhani,H.;"Space-time block codes from orthogonal designs";Information Theory,IEEE Transactions on,Volume:45 Issue:5,July 1999Page(s):1456-1467
[7]R.van Nee and R.Prasad.OFDM Wireless Multimedia Communications.Artech House,Boston London,2000
[8]J A Bingham.Multicarrier modulation for data transmission:an idea whose time has come,IEEE Communication Maganize,1990,3(28):17-25
[9]王文博,郑侃.《宽带无线通信OFDM技术》.人民邮电出版社,2003年.
[10]Mitola J.Cognitive radio for flexible mobile multimedia communications.In:Mobile Multimedia Communications,IEEE International Workshop,1999
[11]Joseph Mitola.Cognitive radio for flexible mobile multimedia communications [J].Mobile Networks and Applications,2001,6(5):435-4411
[12]Joseph Mitola.Software radios-survey,critical evaluation and future directions [J].IEEE Aerospace and ElectronicSystems Magazine,1993,8(4):25-36.
[13]张英海.自适应双工技术研究[D].北京邮电大学博士学位论文,2007
[14]WANG Wei-dong,ZHANG Ying-hai,Zhou Kaijie,Zhang Heng,Research on asymmetric characteristics of mobile communications system based on electromagnetic radiation[C].Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium.2007,Prague.
[15]孙志刚,柳平,轻舟.移动通信终端电磁辐射对人体影响的FDTD分析[J],汕头大学学报,2004(5)
[16]康刚,祝西里,王长清.单极天线手机对人体作用的电磁剂量学分析[J],北京大学学报,1996(9)
[17]杨大成.移动传播环境[M].北京.机械工业出版社,2003
[18]RIKKINEN K,WILDEY C.WCDMA Scenarios For 2.5GHz IMT-2000 extension band supporting asymmetric frequency allocation[A].3G Mobile Communication Technologies,2003.3G 2003.4th International Conference[C].2003.294-298.
[19]SCHWARZ U,RIKKINEN K,MUSZYNSKI P.Radio resource mana- gement solution for WCDMA FDD system with asymmetric UL/DL cartier allocation[A].Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,2003.PIMRC 2003.14th IEEE Proceedings[C].2003.1481-1484.
[20]3GPP,Feasibility Study Considering the Viable Deployment of UTRA in Additional and Diverse:Spectrum Arrgements[S].3GPPTR 25.889 V6.0.0.
[21]张英海,王卫东,董宇,周凯捷.一种适应未来移动通信系统的新型动态双工技术方案[J].通信学报,2007,30(5),133-140
[1]El-Tanany M.S,Yiyan Wu,Hazy L.OFDM Uplink for Interactive Broadband Wireless:Analysis and Simulation in the Presence of Carder,Clock and Timing Errors[J].IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting 2001,47(1):3-19
[2]Zhao,Y.;Haggman,S.-G.Sensitivity to Doppler Shift and Carrier Frequency Errors in OFDM Systems--The Consequences and Solutions[A].Vehicular Technology Conference[c],1994:1564-1568.
[3]马晓亭,陈臣.频率偏移和同步误差对OFDMA系统性能的影响[J].电力系统通信 2005,152(26):38-41
MA xiaoting et al.Effects of OFDMA System Performance Caused by Frequency Offset and Synchronization Error[J].Telecommunications For Electric Power System.2005,152(26):38-41
[4]尹长川,罗涛,乐光新.多载波宽带无线通信技术[M].北京邮电出版社.2004.
Changchuan Yin,Tao Luo,Guangxin Lue.Multi-carrier Wideband Wireless Communication Technology[M].Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House.2004
[5]Dong Kyn Kim,et al..A New Joint Algorithm of Symbol Timing Recovery and Sampling Clock Adjustment for OFDM System,IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 1998,44(3):1142-1149
[6]Moose,P.H.A Technique for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Frequency Offset Correction[J].IEEE Transactions on.Communications 1994 42(10):2908-2914
[7]Nogami,Hiroshi,Nagashima,Toshio.Frequency and Timing Period Acquisition Technique for OFDM Systems[A].Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications[C],1995:1010
[8]Jan-Jap van de Beek,et al..ML Estimation of Time and Frequency Offset in OFDM Systems[J].,IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.1997,45(7):1800-1805
[9]Schmidl,et al..Robust Frequency and Timing Synchronization for OFDM[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications 1997,45(12):1613-1621
[10]M,Hsiech,C.Wei.A Low-Complexity Frame Synchronization and Frequency Offset Compensation for OFDM System over Fading Channels[A].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology[C],1999:1596-1609
[11]Jun Wu,Qun Zhou,Cheng,K.K.M.The Adaptive Algorithm of Symbol Timing and Carrier Phase Estimation in OFDM Systems[A].IEEE International Conference on Communications[C],2001:156-160
[1]RIKKINEN K,WILDEY C.WCDMA Scenarios For 2.5GHz IMT-2000 extension band supporting asymmetric frequency allocation[A].3G Mobile Communication Technologies,2003.3G 2003.4th International Conference[C].2003.294-298.
[2]SCHWARZ U,RIKKINEN K,MUSZYNSKI P.Radio resource mana- gement solution for WCDMA FDD system with asymmetric UL/DL cartier allocation[A].Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,2003.PIMRC 2003.14th IEEE Proceedings[C].2003.1481-1484.
[3]3GPP,Feasibility Study Considering the Viable Deployment of UTRA in Additional and Diverse:Spectrum Arrgements[S].3GPPTR 25.889 V6.0.0.
[4]Harri Holma,Antti Toskala,WCDMA for UMTS---Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications(Second Edition),John Wiley & Sons,LTD,2002
[5]陈鑫林,现代通信中的排队论[M].北京.电子工业出版社,1999
[6]Ian A.Glover,Peter M.Grant数字通信[M].北京,机械工业出版社,2006
[2].陈南阳.简述GSM移动通信系统与移动电话性能测试[J].移动通信,2004,7
[3].刘亚娇.多业务蜂窝移动通信系统中切换技术的研究[D].北京邮电大学硕士论文,2005
[4].郎为民.WCDMA标准化进展[J].网络通信.2006,1-2期
[5].王卫东等.第三代移动通信系统设计原理与规划[M].电子工业出版社,2007
[6].张英海.自适应双工技术研究[D].北京邮电大学博士学位论文,2007
[7].WANG Wei-dong,ZHANG Ying-hai,Zhou Kaijie,Zhang Heng,Research on asymmetric characteristics of mobile communications system based on electromagnetic radiation[C].Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium.2007,Prague.
[8].RIKKINEN K,WILDEY C.WCDMA Scenarios For 2.SGHz IMT-2000 extension band supporting asymmetric frequency allocation[A].3G Mobile Communication Technologies,2003.3G 2003.4th International Conference[C].2003.294-298.
[9].SCHWARZ U,RIKKINEN K,MUSZYNSKI P.Radio resource mana- gement solution for WCDMA FDD system with asymmetric UL/DL carrier allocation[A].Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,2003.PIMRC 2003.14th IEEE Proceedings[C].2003.1481-1484.
[10].3GPP,Feasibility Study Considering the Viable Deployment of UTRA in Additional and Diverse Spectrum Arrgements[S].3GPPTR 25.889 V6.0.0.
[1]C.E.Shannon,"A mathematical theory of communication(Part 1)," Bell Syst.Tech.J.,vol.27,pp.379-423,1948.
[2]Gesbert,D.;Shafi,M.;Da-shan Shiu;Smith,P.J.;Naguib.A."From theory to practice:an overview of MIMO space-time coded wireless systems" JSAC 2003April Page(s):281-302
[3]P.W.Wolniansky,G.J.Foschini,G.D.Golden,and R.A.Valenzuela,"V-BLAST:An architecture for realizing very high data rates over the rich-scattering wireless channel,"presented at the ISSSE-98,Sept.1998.
[4]V.Tarokh,N.Seshadri,A.Calderbank,"Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communication:Performance criterion and code construction",IEEE Trans.Infor Theory,Vol.44,pp.744-765,March 1998.
[5]Siavash.M.Alamouti,"A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications",IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,vol.16,pp.1451-1458,October 1998.
[6]Tarokh,V.;Jafarkhani,H.;"Space-time block codes from orthogonal designs";Information Theory,IEEE Transactions on,Volume:45 Issue:5,July 1999Page(s):1456-1467
[7]R.van Nee and R.Prasad.OFDM Wireless Multimedia Communications.Artech House,Boston London,2000
[8]J A Bingham.Multicarrier modulation for data transmission:an idea whose time has come,IEEE Communication Maganize,1990,3(28):17-25
[9]王文博,郑侃.《宽带无线通信OFDM技术》.人民邮电出版社,2003年.
[10]Mitola J.Cognitive radio for flexible mobile multimedia communications.In:Mobile Multimedia Communications,IEEE International Workshop,1999
[11]Joseph Mitola.Cognitive radio for flexible mobile multimedia communications [J].Mobile Networks and Applications,2001,6(5):435-4411
[12]Joseph Mitola.Software radios-survey,critical evaluation and future directions [J].IEEE Aerospace and ElectronicSystems Magazine,1993,8(4):25-36.
[13]张英海.自适应双工技术研究[D].北京邮电大学博士学位论文,2007
[14]WANG Wei-dong,ZHANG Ying-hai,Zhou Kaijie,Zhang Heng,Research on asymmetric characteristics of mobile communications system based on electromagnetic radiation[C].Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium.2007,Prague.
[15]孙志刚,柳平,轻舟.移动通信终端电磁辐射对人体影响的FDTD分析[J],汕头大学学报,2004(5)
[16]康刚,祝西里,王长清.单极天线手机对人体作用的电磁剂量学分析[J],北京大学学报,1996(9)
[17]杨大成.移动传播环境[M].北京.机械工业出版社,2003
[18]RIKKINEN K,WILDEY C.WCDMA Scenarios For 2.5GHz IMT-2000 extension band supporting asymmetric frequency allocation[A].3G Mobile Communication Technologies,2003.3G 2003.4th International Conference[C].2003.294-298.
[19]SCHWARZ U,RIKKINEN K,MUSZYNSKI P.Radio resource mana- gement solution for WCDMA FDD system with asymmetric UL/DL cartier allocation[A].Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,2003.PIMRC 2003.14th IEEE Proceedings[C].2003.1481-1484.
[20]3GPP,Feasibility Study Considering the Viable Deployment of UTRA in Additional and Diverse:Spectrum Arrgements[S].3GPPTR 25.889 V6.0.0.
[21]张英海,王卫东,董宇,周凯捷.一种适应未来移动通信系统的新型动态双工技术方案[J].通信学报,2007,30(5),133-140
[1]El-Tanany M.S,Yiyan Wu,Hazy L.OFDM Uplink for Interactive Broadband Wireless:Analysis and Simulation in the Presence of Carder,Clock and Timing Errors[J].IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting 2001,47(1):3-19
[2]Zhao,Y.;Haggman,S.-G.Sensitivity to Doppler Shift and Carrier Frequency Errors in OFDM Systems--The Consequences and Solutions[A].Vehicular Technology Conference[c],1994:1564-1568.
[3]马晓亭,陈臣.频率偏移和同步误差对OFDMA系统性能的影响[J].电力系统通信 2005,152(26):38-41
MA xiaoting et al.Effects of OFDMA System Performance Caused by Frequency Offset and Synchronization Error[J].Telecommunications For Electric Power System.2005,152(26):38-41
[4]尹长川,罗涛,乐光新.多载波宽带无线通信技术[M].北京邮电出版社.2004.
Changchuan Yin,Tao Luo,Guangxin Lue.Multi-carrier Wideband Wireless Communication Technology[M].Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House.2004
[5]Dong Kyn Kim,et al..A New Joint Algorithm of Symbol Timing Recovery and Sampling Clock Adjustment for OFDM System,IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 1998,44(3):1142-1149
[6]Moose,P.H.A Technique for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Frequency Offset Correction[J].IEEE Transactions on.Communications 1994 42(10):2908-2914
[7]Nogami,Hiroshi,Nagashima,Toshio.Frequency and Timing Period Acquisition Technique for OFDM Systems[A].Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications[C],1995:1010
[8]Jan-Jap van de Beek,et al..ML Estimation of Time and Frequency Offset in OFDM Systems[J].,IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.1997,45(7):1800-1805
[9]Schmidl,et al..Robust Frequency and Timing Synchronization for OFDM[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications 1997,45(12):1613-1621
[10]M,Hsiech,C.Wei.A Low-Complexity Frame Synchronization and Frequency Offset Compensation for OFDM System over Fading Channels[A].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology[C],1999:1596-1609
[11]Jun Wu,Qun Zhou,Cheng,K.K.M.The Adaptive Algorithm of Symbol Timing and Carrier Phase Estimation in OFDM Systems[A].IEEE International Conference on Communications[C],2001:156-160
[1]RIKKINEN K,WILDEY C.WCDMA Scenarios For 2.5GHz IMT-2000 extension band supporting asymmetric frequency allocation[A].3G Mobile Communication Technologies,2003.3G 2003.4th International Conference[C].2003.294-298.
[2]SCHWARZ U,RIKKINEN K,MUSZYNSKI P.Radio resource mana- gement solution for WCDMA FDD system with asymmetric UL/DL cartier allocation[A].Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,2003.PIMRC 2003.14th IEEE Proceedings[C].2003.1481-1484.
[3]3GPP,Feasibility Study Considering the Viable Deployment of UTRA in Additional and Diverse:Spectrum Arrgements[S].3GPPTR 25.889 V6.0.0.
[4]Harri Holma,Antti Toskala,WCDMA for UMTS---Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications(Second Edition),John Wiley & Sons,LTD,2002
[5]陈鑫林,现代通信中的排队论[M].北京.电子工业出版社,1999
[6]Ian A.Glover,Peter M.Grant数字通信[M].北京,机械工业出版社,2006