小合隆气田中浅层气藏压裂改造技术的研究
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摘要
气藏改造技术是低渗透气藏有效开发的手段,低渗透气田的低产特性决定了其难以直接达到经济开发的要求,只有通过水力压裂提高单井产能后才能显现工业开发价值。
本论文研究针对吉林油田小合隆气田中浅层气藏,因油气层埋深浅自然产能低,对气藏进行压裂改造是必要的增产手段。从气藏精细研究入手,结合探井、评价井试油动静态资料和压裂试验及测试评价结果,结合开发井井网特点及个井上下隔层特点,地应力拟合技术指导了压裂设计中缝高优化,优化了压裂设计参数和规模。对中浅层砂岩气藏储层温度低(泉三段地温梯度4.75℃/100m,气层中部温度为32℃;泉一段地温梯度4.21℃/100m,气层中部温度52℃),研究低温破胶压裂液体系和清洁压裂液体系,降低了储层伤害。对投产作业工艺进行研究,形成的射孔、压裂及投产联作工艺技术。压裂后快速返排强制闭合的研究,减少支撑剂在井筒附近地带的沉积量,从而改善裂缝支撑剖面,获得较好效果。
改进了针对气井压裂后生产地层返砂的预防措施--树脂陶粒防砂技术,满足了不同温度、不同固化时间的需求。
经过课题的研究,形成了针对小合隆中浅气藏的压裂改造配套工艺技术,对吉林油田浅层天然气藏的开发提供了指导意义。
Gas reservoir technology is an effective development mean of low permeability gas reservoir. The low-yielding low-permeability gas field properties directly determine its difficult to achieve the requirements of economic development,only through a single well hydraulic fracturing to enhance production capacity in order to show the value of industrial development.
In this paper, a study of Xiao helong gasfield in the shallow gas reservoir, due to the depth of buried layer of natural oil and gas production capacity is low, gas reservoir fracturing is necessary to the production means. With the fine study of gas reservoir begin, combined with the exploration wells, the evaluation of oil well test data and static and dynamic fracture tests and test results, combined with the development of well pattern characteristics and the characteristics of a compartment under Inoue, fitting technical guidance to stress the design of the fracturing raphe high optimization, to optimize the design parameters and scale of fracturing. Of sandstone gas reservoir in the shallow reservoir of low temperature (25-45℃), breaking study of low-temperature plastic fracturing fluid system and clean fracturing fluid system and reduces formation damage. Operation of the production process to study the formation of the perforation, fracturing and production technology in conjunction to make. Fast-back after fracturing a mandatory closure of the study, to reduce the proppant in the wellbore near the deposition zone, thus improving the support section of the cracks. To obtain good results.
Improved for the production of gas formation after fracturing sand back to the preventive measures -ceramsite sand resin technology to meet the needs of the different temperature and curing time requirements.
After research the topic, forming a fracturing matching technology of Xiao helong shallow gas reservoir, Jilin Oilfield on the development of shallow natural gas to provide a guide.
本论文研究针对吉林油田小合隆气田中浅层气藏,因油气层埋深浅自然产能低,对气藏进行压裂改造是必要的增产手段。从气藏精细研究入手,结合探井、评价井试油动静态资料和压裂试验及测试评价结果,结合开发井井网特点及个井上下隔层特点,地应力拟合技术指导了压裂设计中缝高优化,优化了压裂设计参数和规模。对中浅层砂岩气藏储层温度低(泉三段地温梯度4.75℃/100m,气层中部温度为32℃;泉一段地温梯度4.21℃/100m,气层中部温度52℃),研究低温破胶压裂液体系和清洁压裂液体系,降低了储层伤害。对投产作业工艺进行研究,形成的射孔、压裂及投产联作工艺技术。压裂后快速返排强制闭合的研究,减少支撑剂在井筒附近地带的沉积量,从而改善裂缝支撑剖面,获得较好效果。
改进了针对气井压裂后生产地层返砂的预防措施--树脂陶粒防砂技术,满足了不同温度、不同固化时间的需求。
经过课题的研究,形成了针对小合隆中浅气藏的压裂改造配套工艺技术,对吉林油田浅层天然气藏的开发提供了指导意义。
Gas reservoir technology is an effective development mean of low permeability gas reservoir. The low-yielding low-permeability gas field properties directly determine its difficult to achieve the requirements of economic development,only through a single well hydraulic fracturing to enhance production capacity in order to show the value of industrial development.
In this paper, a study of Xiao helong gasfield in the shallow gas reservoir, due to the depth of buried layer of natural oil and gas production capacity is low, gas reservoir fracturing is necessary to the production means. With the fine study of gas reservoir begin, combined with the exploration wells, the evaluation of oil well test data and static and dynamic fracture tests and test results, combined with the development of well pattern characteristics and the characteristics of a compartment under Inoue, fitting technical guidance to stress the design of the fracturing raphe high optimization, to optimize the design parameters and scale of fracturing. Of sandstone gas reservoir in the shallow reservoir of low temperature (25-45℃), breaking study of low-temperature plastic fracturing fluid system and clean fracturing fluid system and reduces formation damage. Operation of the production process to study the formation of the perforation, fracturing and production technology in conjunction to make. Fast-back after fracturing a mandatory closure of the study, to reduce the proppant in the wellbore near the deposition zone, thus improving the support section of the cracks. To obtain good results.
Improved for the production of gas formation after fracturing sand back to the preventive measures -ceramsite sand resin technology to meet the needs of the different temperature and curing time requirements.
After research the topic, forming a fracturing matching technology of Xiao helong shallow gas reservoir, Jilin Oilfield on the development of shallow natural gas to provide a guide.
引文
[1]王凤江等.低渗透油气藏水力压裂研究[J].天然气工业,1999,19(3):61-63.
[2]吴太平,李生莉,丘勇.国内外低渗透油气藏压裂技术现状及发展趋势[J].河南石油,2003,17(6):42-44.
[3]王新声,胡艳霞.地层裂缝测试技术及油田中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2002,25(3):46-47.
[4]韩永新,孙贺东.复杂低渗透气藏压裂井测试产能特征分析[J].油气井测试,2006,15(1):25-27.
[5]刘荣和,郭春华等.低渗透压裂井三项式方程推导及应用[J].天然气工业,2006,26(9):109-111.
[6]罗哲谭.油层物理[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1989,15-16.
[7]韩大匡等.油藏数值模拟基础[M].石油工业出版社,1983.
[8]古发刚.压裂酸化工艺与通用设计计算方法[J].石油学报,1996(4):53-57.
[9]王鸿勋,李平.水力压裂过程中井筒温度的数值计算方法[J].石油学报,1987,8(2),91-99.
[10]蒋阗等.“低渗油藏开发压裂方法研究”[J].石油勘探开发廊坊分院,1998,2.
[11]李勇明,郭建春,赵金洲.压裂气井产能模拟研究[J].钻采工艺,2002,(01)
[12]赖枫鹏,李治平,岑芳.气井风险产能评价计算方法[J].新疆石油地质,2007,(03)
[13]杨小松,孙良田,孙雷,夏茂素,刘永兵,张国强.模糊数学在气井压裂酸化选井选层因素分析中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2005,(04)
[14]唐洪俊,王大兴,石永新.用不稳定试井资料确定气井产能的新方法[J].钻采工艺,2005,(04)
[15]罗邦林,李丽雄.川东石炭纪气藏试井特征分析及其在压裂酸化评层选井中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2001,(05)
[16]周天育.压裂气井稳定产能的简易计算方法[J].油气田地面工程,2007,(05)
[17]苟宏刚,常永峰,周立辉,杨燕.压裂气井不同流动阶段产能分析方法研究[J].油气井测试,2006,(02)
[18]何应付,徐联玉,吕万一,杨正明,郝明强.低渗透气藏压裂井产能分析[J].特种油气藏, 2006,(05)
[19]张建军,吴晓东,孙天礼.低渗透气藏纵向缝压裂水平气井稳态产能计算方法[J].天然气工业, 2008,(04)
[20]何应付,徐联玉,吕万一,杨正明,郝明强.低渗透气藏压裂井产能分析[J].特种油气藏, 2006,(05)
[21]于巍巍.压裂井产能计算方法研究[D].西南石油大学,2007
[22]郭建春,赵金洲,阳雪飞.压裂气井非达西流动模拟研究[J].西南石油学院学报, 1999,(04)
[23]王兴文.裂缝性油藏压裂压力递减分析研究与应用[D].西南石油学院,2004
[24]李汝勇,李中锋,何顺利,冉盈志,门成全.气井产能的影响参数敏感性分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,(02)
[25]吴建发.优选压裂井方法研究[D].西南石油学院,2005
[26]杨彦军,杨宇,梁波.气井二项式产能方程求解方法的改进与应用[J].桂林工学院学报, 2003,(03)
[27]赫恩杰,张丽华,吴江辉.凝析气井动态分析方法及应用[J].断块油气田,1996,(04)
[28]李孟涛.低渗透油田注气驱油实验和渗流机理研究[D].中国科学院研究生院(渗流流体力学研究所),2006
[29]CL Cipolla and SJ Lee.The effect of excess propped fracture height on well productivity[C].SPE 16219.1987.
[30] F Rodriguez,etc.partially penetrating vertical fracture,pressure transient behavion of a finite-conductivity fracture[C].SPE 13057,1984.
[31]Bargas C L,and Yanosik.J I.The effects of vertical fracture on areal sweep efficiency in adverse mobility ratio floods[C].SPE 17609.
[32] 1.P.N.Mechan.Optimization of Fracture Length and Well Spacing in Heterogeneous Reservoirs[C].SPE PF May 1995.
[33].J.L.Eibel.Designing Hydraulic Fracture for Efficient Reserve Recovery[C].SPE15231 1986.
[34] Santosh etc.Acontrol volume scheme for flexible grids in reservoir simulation[C].SPE 37999,1997.
[35]Y Ding and D Urgelli.Upscaling of transmissibility for field flow simulation in heterogeneous media[C].SPE 38016,1997.
[2]吴太平,李生莉,丘勇.国内外低渗透油气藏压裂技术现状及发展趋势[J].河南石油,2003,17(6):42-44.
[3]王新声,胡艳霞.地层裂缝测试技术及油田中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2002,25(3):46-47.
[4]韩永新,孙贺东.复杂低渗透气藏压裂井测试产能特征分析[J].油气井测试,2006,15(1):25-27.
[5]刘荣和,郭春华等.低渗透压裂井三项式方程推导及应用[J].天然气工业,2006,26(9):109-111.
[6]罗哲谭.油层物理[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1989,15-16.
[7]韩大匡等.油藏数值模拟基础[M].石油工业出版社,1983.
[8]古发刚.压裂酸化工艺与通用设计计算方法[J].石油学报,1996(4):53-57.
[9]王鸿勋,李平.水力压裂过程中井筒温度的数值计算方法[J].石油学报,1987,8(2),91-99.
[10]蒋阗等.“低渗油藏开发压裂方法研究”[J].石油勘探开发廊坊分院,1998,2.
[11]李勇明,郭建春,赵金洲.压裂气井产能模拟研究[J].钻采工艺,2002,(01)
[12]赖枫鹏,李治平,岑芳.气井风险产能评价计算方法[J].新疆石油地质,2007,(03)
[13]杨小松,孙良田,孙雷,夏茂素,刘永兵,张国强.模糊数学在气井压裂酸化选井选层因素分析中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2005,(04)
[14]唐洪俊,王大兴,石永新.用不稳定试井资料确定气井产能的新方法[J].钻采工艺,2005,(04)
[15]罗邦林,李丽雄.川东石炭纪气藏试井特征分析及其在压裂酸化评层选井中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2001,(05)
[16]周天育.压裂气井稳定产能的简易计算方法[J].油气田地面工程,2007,(05)
[17]苟宏刚,常永峰,周立辉,杨燕.压裂气井不同流动阶段产能分析方法研究[J].油气井测试,2006,(02)
[18]何应付,徐联玉,吕万一,杨正明,郝明强.低渗透气藏压裂井产能分析[J].特种油气藏, 2006,(05)
[19]张建军,吴晓东,孙天礼.低渗透气藏纵向缝压裂水平气井稳态产能计算方法[J].天然气工业, 2008,(04)
[20]何应付,徐联玉,吕万一,杨正明,郝明强.低渗透气藏压裂井产能分析[J].特种油气藏, 2006,(05)
[21]于巍巍.压裂井产能计算方法研究[D].西南石油大学,2007
[22]郭建春,赵金洲,阳雪飞.压裂气井非达西流动模拟研究[J].西南石油学院学报, 1999,(04)
[23]王兴文.裂缝性油藏压裂压力递减分析研究与应用[D].西南石油学院,2004
[24]李汝勇,李中锋,何顺利,冉盈志,门成全.气井产能的影响参数敏感性分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,(02)
[25]吴建发.优选压裂井方法研究[D].西南石油学院,2005
[26]杨彦军,杨宇,梁波.气井二项式产能方程求解方法的改进与应用[J].桂林工学院学报, 2003,(03)
[27]赫恩杰,张丽华,吴江辉.凝析气井动态分析方法及应用[J].断块油气田,1996,(04)
[28]李孟涛.低渗透油田注气驱油实验和渗流机理研究[D].中国科学院研究生院(渗流流体力学研究所),2006
[29]CL Cipolla and SJ Lee.The effect of excess propped fracture height on well productivity[C].SPE 16219.1987.
[30] F Rodriguez,etc.partially penetrating vertical fracture,pressure transient behavion of a finite-conductivity fracture[C].SPE 13057,1984.
[31]Bargas C L,and Yanosik.J I.The effects of vertical fracture on areal sweep efficiency in adverse mobility ratio floods[C].SPE 17609.
[32] 1.P.N.Mechan.Optimization of Fracture Length and Well Spacing in Heterogeneous Reservoirs[C].SPE PF May 1995.
[33].J.L.Eibel.Designing Hydraulic Fracture for Efficient Reserve Recovery[C].SPE15231 1986.
[34] Santosh etc.Acontrol volume scheme for flexible grids in reservoir simulation[C].SPE 37999,1997.
[35]Y Ding and D Urgelli.Upscaling of transmissibility for field flow simulation in heterogeneous media[C].SPE 38016,1997.