湘江流域水资源演变规律研究
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摘要
湘江流域是一个水资源较为丰富的流域,由于受到自然和人为因素的影响,湘江流域目前存在十分突出的水资源问题。根据历年水文气象和水质监测资料,探讨水资源的演变规律是一个相对较新的课题。研究结果可为治理、开发利用水资源提供科学依据。
本文运用Mann-Kendall检验法和小波分析等方法,对自然变化和人类活动双重影响下的湘江流域水资源时空变化规律进行研究,得出主要结论如下:
(1)自1950年到1999年间,湘江流域气温变化无明显的升降趋势;在气温变化的周期性方面,13年、15年、32年的周期振荡最为显著。
(2)自1952年到1999年间,湘江流域降水量变化无明显的升降趋势,降水量变化很小,比较平稳;在降水量变化的周期性方面,25年和28年的周期振荡最为显著。
(3)自1952年到1999年间,湘江流域蒸发量变化无明显的升降趋势,比较平稳;在蒸发量变化的周期性方面,13年、20年、30年的周期振荡最为显著。
(4)自1950年到2006年间,湘江流域的年径流量变化无明显的升降趋势;湘江流域的年径流量变化的主要周期为19年、20年和32年。
(5)总体上,湘江水环境质量无显著好转,污染状况尽管有所缓解,但部分污染物的含量存在显著上升趋势。
The water resources of the Xiangjiang River basin are richer. Nowadays, there are a lot of obvious water resources problems in the Xiangjiang River basin under the influences of natural and man-made factors. According to previous data years’hydrographic, climate and the water environment monitor data, the research on water resources evolution law is a relative advanced project. There researches may provide the scientific basis for the fathering and the development of the Xiangjiang River’s water resources.
Based on Mann-Kendall inspection methods and Wavelet analytic method, the research on the water resources evolution law in Xingjiang river basin under the natural changes and human activities is developed, the main conclusions are as follows:
(1)From 1950 to 1999, The fluctuation tendency of temperature in Xiangjiang River basin is not obvious; The research on periodicity of temperature change in Xiangjiang River basin shows that there are three main oscillations periods. They are 13 year, 15 year and 32 year.
(2)From 1952 to 1999, The fluctuation tendency of precipitation in Xiangjiang River basin is not obvious; The research on periodicity of precipitation change in Xiangjiang River basin shows that there are two main oscillations periods. They are 25 year and 28year.
(3)From 1952 to 1999, The fluctuation tendency of evaporation in Xiangjiang River basin is not obvious; The research on periodicity of evaporation change in Xiangjiang River basin shows that there are three main oscillations periods. They are 13 year, 20year and 30 year.
(4)From 1950 to 2006, The fluctuation tendency of runoff in Xiangjiang River basin is not obvious; The research on periodicity of runoff change in Xiangjiang River basin shows that there are three main oscillations periods. They are 19year, 20year and 32year.
(5)In conclusion, the quality of Water Environment in Xiangjiang River basin has not prominent improved, although the pollution condition has released, the content of some pollutants existence of a significant upward trend.
本文运用Mann-Kendall检验法和小波分析等方法,对自然变化和人类活动双重影响下的湘江流域水资源时空变化规律进行研究,得出主要结论如下:
(1)自1950年到1999年间,湘江流域气温变化无明显的升降趋势;在气温变化的周期性方面,13年、15年、32年的周期振荡最为显著。
(2)自1952年到1999年间,湘江流域降水量变化无明显的升降趋势,降水量变化很小,比较平稳;在降水量变化的周期性方面,25年和28年的周期振荡最为显著。
(3)自1952年到1999年间,湘江流域蒸发量变化无明显的升降趋势,比较平稳;在蒸发量变化的周期性方面,13年、20年、30年的周期振荡最为显著。
(4)自1950年到2006年间,湘江流域的年径流量变化无明显的升降趋势;湘江流域的年径流量变化的主要周期为19年、20年和32年。
(5)总体上,湘江水环境质量无显著好转,污染状况尽管有所缓解,但部分污染物的含量存在显著上升趋势。
The water resources of the Xiangjiang River basin are richer. Nowadays, there are a lot of obvious water resources problems in the Xiangjiang River basin under the influences of natural and man-made factors. According to previous data years’hydrographic, climate and the water environment monitor data, the research on water resources evolution law is a relative advanced project. There researches may provide the scientific basis for the fathering and the development of the Xiangjiang River’s water resources.
Based on Mann-Kendall inspection methods and Wavelet analytic method, the research on the water resources evolution law in Xingjiang river basin under the natural changes and human activities is developed, the main conclusions are as follows:
(1)From 1950 to 1999, The fluctuation tendency of temperature in Xiangjiang River basin is not obvious; The research on periodicity of temperature change in Xiangjiang River basin shows that there are three main oscillations periods. They are 13 year, 15 year and 32 year.
(2)From 1952 to 1999, The fluctuation tendency of precipitation in Xiangjiang River basin is not obvious; The research on periodicity of precipitation change in Xiangjiang River basin shows that there are two main oscillations periods. They are 25 year and 28year.
(3)From 1952 to 1999, The fluctuation tendency of evaporation in Xiangjiang River basin is not obvious; The research on periodicity of evaporation change in Xiangjiang River basin shows that there are three main oscillations periods. They are 13 year, 20year and 30 year.
(4)From 1950 to 2006, The fluctuation tendency of runoff in Xiangjiang River basin is not obvious; The research on periodicity of runoff change in Xiangjiang River basin shows that there are three main oscillations periods. They are 19year, 20year and 32year.
(5)In conclusion, the quality of Water Environment in Xiangjiang River basin has not prominent improved, although the pollution condition has released, the content of some pollutants existence of a significant upward trend.
引文
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