蜂花粉成分分析、功能物质提取和体外活性研究
摘要
引文
Abouda, Z., Zerdani, I., Kalalou, I., Faid, M., Ahami, M.T. The antibacterial activity of Moroccan bee bread and bee-pollen (fresh and dried) against pathogenic bacteria. Research Journal of Microbiology,2011,6(4):378-384.
Almaraz-Abarca, N., da Graca Campos, M., Avila-Reyes, J. A., Naranjo-Jimenez, N., Corral, J. H., Gonzalez-Valdez, L. S. Antioxidant activity of polyphenolic extract of monofloral honeybee-collected pollen from mesquite(Prosopis juliflora, Leguminosae). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2007,20(2):119-124.
Almeida-Muradian, L. B., Pamplona, L. C., Coimbra, S., Barth O. M. Chemical composition and botanical evaluation of dried bee pollen pellets. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2005,18(1):105-111.
Arraez-Roman, D., Zurek, G., Baβmann, C., Almaraz-Abarca, N., Quirantes, R., Segura-Carretero, A., Fernandez-Gutierrez, A. Identification of phenolic compounds from pollen extracts using capillary electrophoresis-electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,2007,389(6):1909-1917.
Attia, Y. A., Al-Hanoun, A., Tag El-Din, A. E., Bovera, F., Shewika, Y. E. Effect of bee pollen levels on productive, reproductive and blood traits of NZW rabbits. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2011,95(3):294-303.
Balasundram N., Sundram K., Samman S. Phenolic compounds in plants and agri-industrial by-products:antioxidant activity, occurrence, and potential uses. Food Chemistry,2006,99(1):191-203.
Basim, E., Basim, H., Ozcan, M. Antibacterial activities of Turkish pollen and propolis extracts against plant bacterial pathogens. Journal of food engineering,2006,77(4): 992-996.
Bonvehi, J. S., Jorda, R. E. Nutrient composition and microbiological quality of honeybee-collected pollen in Spain. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,1997,45(3): 725-732.
Benzie, I. F. F., Strain J. J. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of "antioxidant power":the FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry.1996,239(1):70-76.
Bonvehi, J. S., Torrent, M. S., Lorente, E. C. Evaluation of Polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds in honeybee-collected pollen produced in Spain. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2001,49(4):1848-1853.
Brazionis, L., Rowley, K., Itsiopoulos, C., O'Dea, K. Plasma carotenoids and diabetic retinopathy. British Journal of Nutrition,2009,101(2):270-277.
Brecker, L., Wicklein, D., Moll, H., Fuchs, E. C., Becker, W. M., Petersen, A. Structural and immunological properties of arabinogalactan polysaccharides from pollen of timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.) Carbohydrate Research,2005,340(4):657-663.
Campos, M., Markham, K. R., Mitchell, K. A., Da Cunha, A. P. An approach to the characterization of bee pollens via their flavonoid/phenolic profiles. Phytochemical Analysis,1997,8(4):181-185.
Campos, M. G. R., Bogdanov, S., De Almeida-Muradian, L. B., Szczesna, T., Mancebo, Y., Frigerio, C., Ferreira, F. Pollen composition and standardisation of analytical methods. Journal of Apicultural Research and Bee World,2008,47(2):154-161.
Campos, M. G., Webby, R. F., Markham, K. R., Mitchell, K. A., Da Cunha, A. P. Age-induced diminution of free radical scavenging capacity in bee pollens and the contribution of constituent flavonoids. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2003, 51(3):742-745.
Chen, H., Lu, X., Qu, Z., Wang, Z., Zhang, L. Glycosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant properties of a polysaccharide from the mushroom Inonotus obliquus. Journal of Food Biochemistry,2010,34(Suppl.1):178-191.
Chu, Q. C., Tian, X. H, Jiang L. M., Ye, J. N. Application of capillary electrophoresis to study phenolic profiles of honeybee-collected pollen. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2007,55(22):8864-8869.
Di Paola-Naranjo, R. D., Sanchez-Sanchez, J., Gonzalez-Paramas, A. M., Rivas-Gonzalo, J. C. Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of anthocyanin composition of dark blue bee pollen from Echium plantagineum. Journal of Chromatography A,2004, 1054(1-2):205-210.
Eraslan, G, Kanbur, M., Silici, S. Effect of carbaryl on some biochemical changes in rats: The ameliorative effect of bee pollen. Food and Chemical Toxicology,2009a,47(1): 86-91.
Eraslan, G., Kanbur, M., Silici, S., Liman, B. C., Altinordulu, S., Sarica, Z. S. Evaluation of protective effect of bee pollen against propoxur toxicity in rat. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2009b,72(3):931-937.
FAO. Value-added products from beekeeping. FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin 124, FAO:Rome, Italy,1996.
Filip C, Magda C. Determination of the glycosylation site in flavonoid mono-O-glycosides by collision-induced dissociation of electrospray-generated deprotonatedand sodiated molecules. Journal of Mass Spectrometry,2005,40(3):364-372.
Forcone, A., Aloisi, P. V., Ruppel, S., Munoz, M. Botanical composition and protein content of pollen collected by Apis mellifera L. in the north-west of Santa Cruz (Argentinean Patagonia). Grana,2011,50(1):30-39.
Granado-Lorencio, F., Olmedilla-Alonso, B., Blanco-Navarro, I., Botella-Romero, F., Simal-Anton, A. Assessment of carotenoid status and the relation to α-glycaemic control in type I diabetics:a follow-up study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2006, 60(8):1000-1008.
Gonzalez Paramas, A. M., Gomez Barez, J. A., Cordon Marcos, C., Garcia-Villanova, R. J., Sanchez Sanchez, J. HPLC-fluorimetric method for analysis of amino acids in products of the hive (honey and bee-pollen). Food Chemistry,2006,95(1):148-156.
Hamamoto, R., Ishiyama, K., Yamaguchi, M. Inhibitory Effects of bee pollen Cistus ladaniferus extract on bone resorption in femoral tissues and osteoclast-like cell formation in bone marrow cells in Vitro. Journal of Health Science,2006,52(3): 268-275.
Han, H. Y., Shan, S., Zhang, X., Wang, N. L., Lu, X. P., Yao, X. S. Down-regulation of prostate specific antigen in LNCaP cells by flavonoids from the pollen of Brassica napus L. Phytomedicine,2007,14(5):338-343.
Haro, A., Lopez-Aliaga, I., Lisbona, F., Barrionuevo, M., Alferez, M. J. M., Campos, M. S. Beneficial effect of pollen and/or propolis on the metabolism of iron, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in rats with nutritional ferropenic anemia. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2000,48(11):5715-5722.
Herbert, E. W. J, Shimanuki, H. Chemical composition and nutritive value of bee-collected and bee-stored pollen. Apidologie,1978,9:33-40.
Hu, C. C., Lin, J.T., Lu, F. J., Chou, F. P., Yang, D. J. Determination of carotenoids in Dunaliella salina cultivated in Taiwan and antioxidant capacity of the algal? carotenoid extract. Food Chemistry,2008,109(2):439-446.
Human, H., Nicolson, S. W. Nutritional content of fresh, bee-collected and stored pollen of Aloe greatheadii var. davyana (Asphodelaceae). Phytochemistry,2006,67(14): 1486-1492.
Ishikawa, Y, Tokura, T., Nakano, N., Hara, M., Niyonsaba, F., Ushio, H., Yamamoto, Y., Ogawa, H. Inhibitory effect of honeybee-collected pollen on mast cell degranulation In vivo and In vitro. Journal of Medicinal Food,2008,11(1):14-20.
Ito, Y. Golden rules and pitfalls in selecting optimum conditions for high-sppeed counter-current chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A, 2005,1065(2): 145-168.
Jaime, L., Molla E., Fernandez A., Martin-Cabrejas M. A., Lopez-Andreu F. J., Esteban R. M. Structural carbohydrate differences and potential source of dietary fiber of onion (Allium cepa L.) tissues. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2002,50(1): 122-128.
Jaton, J. C., Roulin, K., Rose, K., Sirotnak, F. M., Lewenstein, A., Brunner, G., Fankhauser, C. P., Burger, U. The secalosides, novel tumor cell growth inhibitory glycosides from a pollen extract. Journal of Natural Products,1997,60(4):356-360.
Kalia, K., Sharma, K., Singh, H. P., Singh, B. Effects of extraction methods on phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in aerial parts of Potentilla atrosanguinea Lodd. and quantification of its phenolic constituents by RP-HPLC. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2008,56(21):10129-10134.
Kim, J. S., Kwon, Y. S., Chun, W. J., Kim, T. Y, Sun, J., Yu, C. Y, Kim, M. J. Rhus verniciflua Stokes flavonoid extracts have anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and a-glucosidase inhibitory effect. Food Chemistry,2010,120(2):539-543.
Kleinschmidt G., Kondos A. The influence of crude protein levelson colony production. Australasian Beekeeper,1976,78:36-39.
Kleinschmidt G, Kondos A. The effect of dietary protein on colony performance. Australasian Beekeeper,1978,79:251-257.
Kroyer, G, Hegedus, N. Evaluation of bioactive properties of pollen extracts as functional dietary food supplement. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies,2001, 2(3):171-174.
Kump, P., Necermer,M., Snajder, J. Determination of trace elements in bee honey, pollen and tissue by total reflection and radioisotope X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Spectrochimica Acta Part B,1996,51(5 Part B):499-507.
LeBlanc, B. W., Davis, O. K., Boue, S., DeLucca, A., Deeby, T. Antioxidant activity of Sonoran Desert bee pollen. Food Chemistry,2009,115(4):1299-1305.
Lee, H. S., Castle, W. S. Seasonal changes of carotenoid pigments and color in Hamlin, Earlygold, and Budd Blood Orange Juices. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2001,49(2):877-882.
Lee, M. H., Lin, R. D., Shen, L. Y., Yang, L. L., Yen, K. Y., Hou, W. C. Monoamine oxidase B and free radical scavenging activities of natural flavonoids in melastoma candidum D. Don. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2001,49(11): 5551-5555.
Leja, M., Mareczek, A., Wyzgolik, G, Klepacz-Baniak, J., Czekonska, K. Antioxidative properties of bee pollen in selected plant species. Food Chemistry,2007,100(1): 237-240.
Li, F., Yuan, Q., Rashid, F. Isolation, purification and immunobiological activity of a new water-soluble bee pollen polysaccharide from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. Carbohydrate Polymers,2009a,78(1):80-88.
Li, H., Song, F., Xing, J., Tsao, R., Liu, Z., Liu, S. Screening and structural characterization of glucosidase inhibitors from hawthorn leaf flavonoids extract by ultrafiltration LC-DAD-MSn and SORI-CID FTICR MS. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry,2009b,20(8):1496-1503.
Li, Y. H., Yang, Y F., Li, K., Jin, L. L., Yang, N. Y, Kong, D. Y.5 Alpha-reductase and aromatase inhibitory constituents from brassica rapa L. Pollen. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin,2009c,57(4):401-404.
Linskens, H. F., Jorde, W. Pollen as food and medicines-A review. Economic Botany,1997, 51(1):77-78.
Liu, J., Wang, S., Qi, J., Wang, X., Song, Y. The immunostimulatory effect of bio-active peptide from pollen on murine and human lymphocytes. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development,1998,104(2):125-132.
Lu, Y. Y., Wang, Y. G., Dai B., Dai Y. Q., Wang Z., Fu, Z. W., Zhu, Q. A novel fluorogenic probe for monoamine oxidase assays. Chinese Chemical Letters,2008(8):947-950.
Lusby, W. R., Buchmann, S. L., Feldlaufer, M. F. Pollen Sterols from Three Species of Sonoran Cacti. Lipids,1993,28(5):469-470.
Manning, R., Harvey, M. Fatty acids in honeybee-collected pollens from six endemic Western Australian eucalypts and the possible significance to the Western Australian beekeeping industry. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2002,42(2): 217-223.
Markowicz Bastos, D. H., Barth, O. M., Rocha, C. I., Da Silva Cunha, I. B., De Oliveira Carvalho, P., Silva Torres, E. A., Michelan, M. Fatty acid composition and palynological analysis of bee (Apis) pollen loads in the states of Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. Journal of Apicultural Research,2004,43(2):35-39.
Medeiros, K. C. P., Figueiredo, C. A. V., Figueredo, T. B., Freire, K. R. L., Santos, F. A. R., Alcantara-Neves, N. M., Silva, T. M. S., Piuvezam, M. R. Anti-allergic effect of bee pollen phenolic extract and myricetin in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2008,119(1):41-46.
Marghitas, L. A., Stanciu, O. G., Dezmirean, D. S., Bobis, O., Popescu, O., Bogdanov, S., Campos, M. G. In vitro antioxidant capacity of honeybee-collected pollen of selected floral origin harvested from Romania. Food Chemistry,2009,115(3):878-883.
Milardovic S., Ivekovic D., Grabaric B. S. A novel amperometric method for antioxidant activity determination using DPPH free radical. Bioelectrochemistry,2006,68(2): 175-180.
Miller N. J., Rice-Evans C., Davies M. J., Gopinathan V., Milner A. A novel method for measuring antioxidant capacity and its application to monitoring antioxidant status in premature neonates. Clinical Science,1993,84(4):407-412.
Modro, A. F. H., Silva, I. C., Luz, C. F. P., Message, D. Analysis of pollen load based on color, physicochemical composition and botanical source. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias,2009,81(2):281-285.
Morgano, M. A., Teixeira Martins, M. C., Rabonato, L. C., Milani, R. F., Yotsuyanagi, K., Rodriguez-Amaya, D. B. Inorganic contaminants in bee pollen from Southeastern Brazil. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2010,58(11):6876-6883.
Murakami, M., Tsukada, O., Okihara, K., Hashimoto, K., Yamada, H., Yamaguchi, H. Beneficial effect of honeybee-collected pollen lump extract on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial—. Food science and technology research,2008,14(3):306-310.
Murphy, D. J. The extracellular pollen coat in members of the Brassicaceae:composition, biosynthesis, and functions in pollination. Protoplasma,2006,228 (1-3):31-39.
Nagai, T., Inoue, R., Inoue, H., Suzuki, N. Scavenging capacities of pollen extracts from cistus ladaniferus on autoxidation, superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and DPPH radicals. Nutrition Research,2002,22(4):519-526.
Nhiem, N. X., Van Kiem, P., Van Minn, C., Lee, J. J., Ku, J. H., Myung, C. S., Kim, Y. H. A potential inhibitor of rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation from the pollen of Typha angustata. Archives of Pharmacal Research,2010,33(12):1937-1942.
Oliveira, K. C. L. S., Moriya, M., Azedo, R. A. B., De Almeida-Muradian, L. B., Teixeira, E. W., Alves, M. L. T. M. F., Moreti, A. C. D. C. C. Relationship between botanical origin and antioxidants vitamins of bee-collected pollen. Quimica Nova,2009,32(5): 1099-1102.
Orzez Villanueva, M. T., Diaz Marquina, A., Bravo Serrano, R., Blazquez Abellan, G. Mineral content of commercial pollen. International journal of food science and nutrition, 2001,52(3):243-249.
Orzaez Villanueva, M. T., Diaz Marquina, A., Bravo Serrano, R., Blazquez Abellan, G. The importance of bee-collected pollen in the diet:a study of its composition. International journal of food science and nutrition,2002,53(3):217-224.
Oshima, S., Ojima, F., Sakamoto, H., Ishiguro, Y., Terao, J. Supplementation with carotenoids inhibits singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation of human plasma low-density lipoprotein. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1996,44(8):2306-2309.
Pan, Y., Dong, S., Hao, Y, Zhou, Y, Ren, X., Wang, J., Wang, W., Chu, T. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of crude polysaccharides from Yunzhi mushroom and its effect on hydroxyproline and glycosaminoglycan levels. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2010,81(1):93-96.
Pei, D., Liu, J.-X., Di, D.-L. Cerebroside and ceramide from the pollen of Brassica napus L. Fitoterapia,2010,81(7):838-843.
Pereira De Melo, I. L., De Almeida-Muradian, L. B. Stabity of antioxidants vitamins in bee smpales. Quimica Nova,2010,33(3):514-518.
Pinto, B., Caciagli, F., Riccio, E., Reali, D., Saric, A., Balog, T., Likic, S., Scarpato, R. Antiestrogenic and antigenotoxic activity of bee pollen from Cystus incanus and Salix alba as evaluated by the yeast estrogen screen and the micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2010,45(9):4122-4128.
Rayner C. J., Langridge D. F. Amino acids in bee-collected pollens from Australian indigenous and exotic plants. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,1985,25: 722-726.
Ramirez-Arriaga, E., Navarro-Calvo, L.A., Diaz-Carbajal, E. Botanical characterisation of Mexican honeys from a subtropical region (Oaxaca) based on pollen analysis. Grana, 2011,50(1):40-54.
Routray, W., Orsat, V. Microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoids:A Review. Food and Bioprocess Technology,2011, article in press.
Saric, A., Balog, T., Sobocanec, S., Kusic, B., Sverko, V., Rusak, G., Likic, S., Bubalo, D., Pinto, D., Reali, D., Marotti, T. Antioxidant effects of flavonoid from Croatian Cystus incanus L. rich bee pollen. Food and Chemical Toxicology,2009,47(3):547-554.
Schulte, F., Mader, J., Kroh, L. W., Panne, U., Kneipp, J. Characterization of pollen carotenoids with in situ and high-performance thin-layer chromatography supported resonant Raman spectroscopy. Analytical Chemistry,2009,81(20):8426-8433.
Schulz, S., Arsene, C., Tauber, M., McNeil, J. N. Composition of lipids from sunflower pollen (Helianthus annuus). Phytochemistry,2000,54(3):325-336.
Sergeeva, N. V., Bandyukova, V. A., Shapiro, D. K. Carotenoids of pollen pellets from certain plants. Chemistry of Natural Compounds,1984,20(5):634.
Shah, P. J. R. The treatment of disorders of the prostate with the rye-grass extract ProstaBrit. Complementary Therapies in Medicine,1996,4(1):21-25.
Shi, J., Yi, C., Ye, X. Q., Xue, S., Jiang, Y. M., Ma, Y, Liu, D. H. Effects of supercritical CO2 fluid parameters on chemical composition and yield of carotenoids extracted from pumpkin. LWT-Food Science and Technology,2010,43(1):39-44.
Shi, J., Li, G, Wang, H., Zheng, J., Suo, Y., You, J., Liu, Y. One step separation of three flavonoids from Poacynum hendersonii by high speed counter current Chromatography. Phytochemical Analysis,2011, article in press.
Shinde, J., Taldone, T., Barletta, M., Kunaparaju, N., Hu, B., Kumar, S., Placido, J., Zito, S. W. a-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of Syzygium cumini (Linn.) Skeels seed kernel in vitro and in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Carbohydrate Research,2008,343(7): 1278-1281.
Silva, T. M. S., Camara, C. A., da Silva Lins, A. C., Barbosa-Filho, J. M., da Silva, E. M. S., Freitas, B. M., De Assis Ribeiro dos Santos, F. Chemical composition and free radical scavenging activity of pollen loads from stingless bee Melipona subnitida Ducke. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2006,19(6-7):507-511.
Somerville, D. C., Nicol, H. I. Crude protein and amino acid composition of honey bee-collected pollen pellets from south-east Australia and a note on laboratory disparity. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2006,46(1):141-149.
Szczesna, T. Concentration of selected elements in honeybee-collected pollen. Journal of Apicultural Research,2007,51(1):5-13.
Somerville, D. C., Nicol, H. I. Mineral content of honeybee-collected pollen from southern New South Wales. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2002,42(8): 1131-11136.
Somerville, D. C. Lipid content of honey bee-collected pollen from south-east Australia. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2005,45(12):1659-1661.
Siddhuraju, P., Vijayakumari, K., Janardhanan, K. Chemical composition and protein quality of the little-known legume, velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1996,44(9):2636-2641.
Terman, A., Brunk, U. T. The Effect of polbax extract on lipofuscin accumulation in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Phytotherapy Research,2002,16(2):180-182.
Ukiya, M., Akihisa, T., Tokuda, H., Koike, K., Takayasu, J., Okuda, H., Kimura, Y., Nishino, H. Isolation, structural elucidation, and inhibitory effects of terpenoid and lipid constituents from sunflower pollen on Epstein-Barr Virus early antigen Induced by tumor promoter, TPA. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2003,51(10): 2949-2957.
Wang, X. Y., Wang, H. L., Liu, Y. J., You, J. M., Suo, Y. R. Extraction of pollen lipids by SFE-CO2 and determination of free fatty acids by HPLC. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology,2009,111(2):155-163.
Wang, Y. F., Yang, Z. W., Wei, X. L. Sugar compositions, a-glucosidase inhibitory and amylase inhibitory activities of polysaccharides from leaves and flowers of Camellia sinensis obtained by different extraction methods. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2010,47(4):534-539.
Wu, Y. D., Lou, Y. J. A steroid fraction of chloroform extract from bee pollen of Brassica campestris induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Phytotherapy Research,2007,21(11):1087-1091.
Xu, X., Sun, L. P., Dong, J., Zhang, H. C. Breaking the cells of rape bee pollen and consecutive extraction of functional oil with supercritical carbon dioxide. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies,2009,10(1):42-46.
Xu, X., Dong, J., Mu, X. F., Sun, L. P. Supercritical CO2 extraction of oil, carotenoids, squalene and sterols from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) bee pollen. Food and bioproducts processing,2011,89(1):47-52.
Yamaguchi, M., Hamamoto, R., Uchiyama, S., Ishiyama, K., Hashimoto, K. Preventive effects of bee pollen Cistus ladaniferus extract on bone loss in streptozotocin-diabetic rats in vivo. Journal of Health Science,2007,53(2):190-195.
Yang, N. Y., Li, K., Yang, Y. F., Li, Y. H. Aromatase inhibitory fatty acid derivatives from the pollen of Brassica campestris L. var. oleifera DC. Journal of Asian Natural Products Research,2009,11(2):132-137.
Yang, X., Guo, D., Zhang, J., Wu, M. Characterization and antitumor activity of pollen polysaccharide. International Immunopharmacology,2007,7(4):427-434.
You, J. M., Liu, L. J., Zhao, W. C., Zhao, X. E., Suo.Y. R., Wang, H. L., Li, Y. L. Study of a new derivatizing reagent that improves the analysis of amino acids by HPLC with fluorescence detection:application to hydrolyzed rape bee pollen. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry,2007,387(8):2705-2718.
Yu, L. H., Liu, G. T., Sun, Y. M., Zhang, H. Y. Antioxidative effect of schisanhenol on human low density lipoprotein and its quantum chemical calculation. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica,2004,25(8):1038-1044.
Zhang, G. W., He, L., Hu, M. M. Optimized ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Prunella vulgaris L. and evaluation of antioxidant activities in vitro. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies,2011,12(1):18-25.
阿布拉江·克依木.黄酮苷类天然产物的质谱分析方法研究.博士学位论文,北京：中国协和医科大学,2006.
曹学丽.高速逆流色谱分离技术及应用.北京：化学工业出版社,2005：39-42.
曹幼甫,蒋滢,毛棣华,顾永平,黄美英,殷伟平.蜂花粉对γ射线受照大鼠骨髓造血组织影响的病理学研究.中华放射医学与防护杂志,1998,18(4)：269-270.
陈广耀.抗糖尿病中药开发前景展望.中国新药杂志,2000,9(7)：448-451.
陈建军,杨双喜,杨庆荣,施方伦.铝对人类健康的影响及相关食品安全问题研究进展.中国卫生检验杂志,2007,17(7)：1326-1329.
陈小夏,陈冰.油菜花粉提取物对高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响.中药药理与临床,2004,20(3)：18-19.
程郁昕,吕锦芳,宁康健,李涛.添加蜂花粉喂饲对肉杂鸡抗氧化功能的影响.中国实验方剂学杂志,2008,11(4)：36-37.
杜灵彬,钱丽娟,顾琳慧,牟瀚舟,曹明富.油菜花粉脂溶性提取物对人前列腺癌细胞PC-3的体外生长抑制研究.中国药物与临床,2010,10(9)：971-973.
邸多隆,郑媛媛,陈小芬,黄新异,封士兰.高速逆流色谱技术分离纯化天然产物中黄酮类化合物的研究进展.分析化学评述与进展,2011,39(2)：269-275.
董捷,张红城,秦健,任向楠.十种蜂花粉醇提物中总多酚和总黄酮含量测定.食品科学,2008,29(12)：246-249.
董捷,张红城,李慧,任向楠.八种蜂花粉醇提物的体外抗氧化能力研究.营养学报,2010,32(3)：309-312.
额尔登桑,宝音达来,娜仁格日乐.微波消解ICP-AES法测定蒙药嘎日迪-13中的多种微量元素.光谱学与光谱分析,2006,26(11)：2134-2136.
额尔登桑,宝音达来,斯琴巴特尔.微波消解ICP-AES法测定蒙药查格得日中金属元素及其分析.光谱学与光谱分析,2008,28(4)：940-942.
甘琳,周芳,张越非,池汝安.葛根总黄酮提取工艺的比较.时珍国医国药,2011, 21(4)：929-931.
高慧娟,余春涛.蜂花粉的化学组成及贮存过程中的变化.食品与发酵工业,2006,32(12)：131-132.
耿越,刘连亮,胥保华,周怡,逯南南,李自发.不同比例n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对小鼠良性前列腺增生和炎性细胞因子的影响.营养学报,2010,32(4)：323-327.
耿越,王开发.玉米蜂花粉多糖对小白鼠免疫功能影响.山东师大学报(自然科学版),1999,14(2)：1984-1986.
耿越,王开发,张玉兰.玉米花粉多糖PMA I的结构解析.天然产物研究与开发,2006,18：263-265.
耿越,王开发,张玉兰,吕建新.玉米花粉多糖的免疫学作用分析.动物学报,2001,47(专刊)：250-254.
耿越,王开发,张玉兰,陶银华,杨兴华,张经军.40种常见花粉相对营养价值评价.天然产物研究与开发,2000,12(6)：40-46.
郭芳彬.浅析蜂花粉降血脂作用机理.蜜蜂杂志,2005,12：11-13.
郭娟丽,张培成,张智武.油菜花粉的化学成分研究.中国中药杂志,2009,34(10)：1235-1237.
何燕,曹丽玲,李世杰ICP-AES测定花粉中8种微量元素含量的研究.职业与健康,2008,24(23)：2528-2530.
胡福良,玄红专,朱威,应华忠,朱威.花粉、蜂胶对糖尿病SD大鼠的影响.中国养蜂,2003,54(4)：9-11.
胡若洋,冯毛,李建科.不同贮存温度下茶花蜂花粉蛋白质组的初步研究.食品科学,2008,29(6)：438-443.
蒋枫,朱威,张颖,胡福良.莲花花粉营养成分分析.中国蜂业,2007,58(9)：5-7.
蒋滢,孔庆旺,顾宣娣等,舒仲,杨梦云.花粉抗糖尿病实验动物研究.中国养蜂,1996,4：8-9.
蒋滢,黄美英,蒋菊香,王开发.35种蜂花粉的活性物质分析.中国养蜂,1999,50(3)：3-5.
贾世山,刘永漋,马超美,杨世林,周慧敏,赵达成,刘冬,李淑玉.狭叶香蒲花粉(蒲黄)黄酮类成分的研究.药学学报,1986,21(6)：441-446.
雷群英,蒋滢,吴士良.花粉制剂对脑衰老动物各脑区的SOD和NO水平的影响.氨 基酸和生物资源,2000,22(1)：35-37.
李飞,袁其朋.山楂蜂花粉多糖体外抗氧化活性研究.食品科技,2009,34(4)：158-162.
李坤,杨义芳,李永辉.油菜花粉抗前列腺增生与炎症的活性部位研究.中草药,2010,41(5)：798-802.
李树国,丰浪,沈竑,成永旭,陆瑜.崇明养殖文蛤和启东天然生长文蛤的营养成分比较.营养学报,2009,31(6)：612-616.
李铭芳,柳英霞,万益群.电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱测定生脉散中多种微量元素.光谱学与光谱分析,2008,28(2)：436-440.
李天娇,徐响,孙丽萍,董捷.油菜蜂花粉ACE抑制活性水解物的制备及分离.食品科学.2010,31(15)：161-165.
李瑛琦,陆文超,于治国.三叶青的化学成分研究.中草药,2003,34(11)：982-983.
林勤保,赵国燕.不同方法提取大枣多糖工艺的优化研究.食品科学,2005,26(9)：368-371.
凌关庭.抗氧化食品与健康.北京：化学工业出版社,2004.
刘洁,缪晓青.响应面分析法优化莲花蜂花粉多糖提取工艺研究.食品科学,2010,31(14)：101-105.
刘连亮.油菜花粉二氧化碳超临界萃取物对前列腺增生的治疗作用.硕士学位论文,济南：山东师范大学,2008.
刘志峰,李萍,李慎军,刘相斌,刘珂.5种中药体外α-糖苷酶抑制作用的观察.山东中医药杂志,2004,23(1)：41-42.
刘建涛,赵利,苏伟,王杉,张维民.蜂花粉生物活性物质的研究进展.食品科学,2006,27(12)：909-911.
刘凤云,张坚,许子,康胜利,李晓红,王晋,张伯宁.青海油菜蜂花粉营养成分分析测定.蜜蜂杂志,1994,14：3-5.
刘伟,付中民,杨文超等.山茶蜂花粉多糖对四氧嘧啶致小鼠糖尿病的降血糖作用研究.蜜蜂杂志,2009,2：4-6.
陆明,王开发.花粉、花粉多糖、灵芝孢子抑制肿瘤作用的对比研究.蜜蜂杂志,2002,11：5-6.
卢艳花,谭仁祥.抗抑郁天然药物的研究进展.中草药,2000,31(9)：1-3.
陆瑛,田昆,杨荣.党参花粉对骨髓造血功能损伤保护作用的观察研究.蜂蜜杂志, 1996,9(3)：6-8.
吕建新,金丽琴,陈国荣,袁谦,杨开颜,谢克俭.玉米花粉多糖对大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞的激活作用.中国病理生理杂志,1999,15(6)：509-511.
马德伟,张成合,高锁柱,马楠,刘海河,张彦萍,孙岚.中国蔬菜花粉扫描电镜图解.中国农业出版社,1999.
马卡姆著,张宝琛,唐崇实译.黄酮类化合物结构鉴定技术.北京：科学出版社,1990：43-50.
马建慧,郑兴征,田卉.新疆油菜花粉对D一半乳糖致衰老小鼠抗氧化作用的实验研究.现代预防医学,2008,35(11)：2028-2034.
孟祥河,潘秋月,何晋浙,孙培龙.桑蚕蛹的脂质营养组成.营养学报,2009,31(3)：281-284.
毛俐,谭明雄,陈振锋,等.ICP-AES法测定广西产中药广豆根及千斤拔中的金属元素含量.光谱学与光谱分析,2009,29(9)：2568-2570.
苗芳,彭洪福.参芪花粉、黄芪茯苓等药物对B型单胺氧化酶的抑制作用.中药药理与临床,1989,5(5)：36-37.
潘建国,王开发,郑尧隆,刘远红.高效液相色谱法同步测定花粉中的水溶性维生素.同济大学学报,2001,29(5)：581-583.
庞广昌,王林嵩,马全祥,张黛静,陆文梁.棉花花粉发育过程中同工酶的研究.河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),1996,24(3)：78-80.
任金山,吴梧桐,李颖,安雪飞,李莉.花粉多糖的分离纯化及其组成单糖分析.中国药科大学学报,1990,21(3)：173-175.
任玉翠,冯成汉.十二种蜂花粉的黄酮甙及甾醇类成分的含量测定.中国医院药学杂志,1990,10(4)：147-148.
阮尚全,冯洁,汪建红.原子吸收光谱法测定几种花粉中的金属元素含量.微量元素与健康研究,2009,26(5)：51-52.
司秉坤,赵余庆.α-亚麻酸药理作用和提取分离技术研究进展.中草药,2005,36(7)：1113一1114.
苏松坤,陈盛禄,林雪珍,胡福良,邵梅,童富淡.茶花粉营养成分的测定.中国养蜂,2000,51(2)：3-5.
孙丽萍,杨佳林,徐响,朱青.油菜蜂花粉酚类化合物的初步分离和抗氧化性研究.食 品科学,2009,30(23)：52-56.
孙丽萍,徐响,廖磊,刘魁英,杨佳林.油菜蜂花粉黄酮醇苷的体内外抗氧化研究.食品科学,2010,31(19)：359-362.
孙培龙,张奕敏,何荣军,杨开.蜂花粉多肽分离纯化及免疫活性研究.食品科学,2008,29(3)：450-452.
唐琳,李倩,翟金亮,宋知刚.21种蜂花粉水提取物抗氧化活性的比较研究.中国食品学报,2008,8(1)：17-21.
涂文利,耿越,张静静,张晾,张宇飞.八种花粉中脂肪酸组分分析.营养学报,2005a,27(4)：351一352.
涂文利.油菜花粉超临界二氧化碳萃取物对高脂血大鼠脂质代谢的影响.硕士学位论文,济南：山东师范大学,2005b.
万开科,宋艳玲,季爱雪,金声.油菜花粉十二肽和类似物的合成及性质的研究.高等学校化学学报,1995,4：543-548.
王慧.黄酮类化合物生物活性的研究进展.食品与药品,2010,12(5)：347-350.
王开发,张玉兰.花粉中维生素的研究.蜜蜂杂志,1997a,2：3-5.
王开发,张玉兰,耿越.花粉中胡萝卜素的研究.养蜂科技,1997b,4：2-4.
王开发,张玉兰,蒋滢,黄美英.花粉的维生素A、C、E研究.营养学报,1997c,19(2)：250-252.
王开发,张玉兰,张盛隆.花粉中酶的研究.蜜蜂杂志,1997d,9：3-5.
王开发,张玉兰,蒋滢.花粉中生长素的研究.蜜蜂杂志,1997e,10：4-6.
王开发,张玉兰,张盛隆.花粉中核酸的研究.蜂蜜杂志,1997f,7：11-12.
王开发,耿越.花粉中碳水化合物的研究.蜜蜂杂志,1998a,4：3-4.
王开发,张玉兰,耿越.花粉中的常量和微量元素研究.蜜蜂杂志,1998b,6：6-8.
王开发,张盛隆,张卫东.花粉中的蛋白质和氮基酸.养蜂科技,1999,6：10一14.
王开发,王隆华,支崇远,陈素英,邹军.玉米花粉黄酮类物质对SD大鼠降血脂作用的研究.放射免疫学杂志,2002,15(6)：368-370.
王开发,支崇远,王隆华.我国花粉多糖测定及其意义.养蜂科技,2004a,3：2-3.
王开发,支崇远,严惠芳,陆宏祺,卜华祥,左其芳.花粉多糖注射剂临床前抗肿瘤药效学预实验.蜜蜂杂志,2004b,6：3-5.
王开发,支崇远.花粉中雌二醇和睾酮含量研究.养蜂科技,2004c,5：2-3.
王开发,陆明.花粉的植物甾醇研究.蜂蜜杂志,2006,9：5-6.
王开发.花粉营养价值与食疗.北京：化学工业出版社,2009.
王金祥,陈良碧.三种禾本科植物花粉中激素、维生素含量比较研究.湖南师范大学自然科学学报,1999,22(2)：81-84.
汪磊,温成荣,王玉娥,熊善柏,胡筱波.油菜花粉酶解肽抗辐射损伤的研究.营养学报,2010,32(1)：72-74.
王明锁,陈政,黄美英,黄超群,蒋遗,苏燎原.蜂花粉对受照大鼠抗辐射效应的研究.辐射研究与辐射工艺学报,1998,16(2)：110-112.
王霞,刘俊达,王舒,宋艳玲.荞麦花粉肽及其类似物的合成、结构和免疫活性研究.北京大学学报(自然科学版),1999,35(2)：195-200.
王玉梅,胡艳芬.天然药物中降血糖成分及作用机理的研究进展.中国民族民间医药,
2008,22(4)：15-17.
王珏,金光明,郑艺梅,李升和,王珩.蜂花粉对动物免疫器官发育的影响.中国中药杂志,2005,30(19)：1532-1536.
王肇慈.粮油食品品质分析.北京：轻工业出版社,2000.
韦盛中.抗抑郁药的临床应用进展.神经疾病与精神卫生,2006,6(1)：71-75.
吴少雄,郭祀远,李琳,殷建忠,周玲仙.荞麦花粉营养成分的分析和营养学评价.食品科学,2004,25(10)：309-311.
许家喜,金声.罂粟花粉十三肽类似物的合成及其结构与抗肿瘤活性关系研究.高等学校化学学报,1999,20(10)：722-726.
徐立,魏翠娥,赵明波,王建农,屠鹏飞,刘建勋.贯叶金丝桃总黄酮对小鼠抑郁症模型的实验研究.中国中药杂志,2005,30(15)：1185-1188.
徐正哲,陈正爱.芦荟花粉胶囊对衰老模型大鼠的抗衰弱作用.延边大学医学学报,2007,30(4)：257-258.
杨必成,杨义芳.花粉治疗前列腺疾病的物质基础研究进展.中草药,2009,40(1)：144-149.
杨必成,杨义芳.超临界流体萃取中药及天然产物的样品制备和预处理方法研究进展.中草药,2010,41(8)：1391-1394.
杨寒冰,殷客卿,陈晶,谈军,段钟平,孔明.四种花粉的营养成分分析.中国蜂业,2010,61(6)：11-14.
杨武英,上官新晨,徐明生,沈勇根,吴琦,周振春.青钱柳黄酮对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性及小鼠血糖的影响.营养学报,2007,29(5)：507-509.
杨晓萍,罗祖友,吴谋成.油菜花粉多糖的制备及其对荷瘤小鼠的影响.食品科学,2005,26(12)：202-204.
杨晓萍,吴谋成.油菜蜂花粉多糖抗肿瘤作用的研究.营养学报,2006,28(2)：160-166.
杨晓萍,吴谋成.油菜花粉多糖对荷瘤鼠脾细胞IL-2、TNF-α产生及其mRNA表达的影响.中国农业科学,2008,41(1)：182-187.
杨新跃,刘志勇,汪礼国,戴黎光,谢国秀,周银平,曾志将.蜂花粉多糖液抑制肿瘤作用的实验研究.江西农业大学学报,2006,28(2)：293-294.
杨中仪,唐因.用直接竟争ELISA法检测花粉中睾酮.植物生理学通讯,1993,29(4)：278-283.
姚秋萍.油菜花粉超微粉有效成分溶出、代谢特征及指纹图谱研究.博士学位论文,福州：福建农林大学,2009.
袁海波,沈忠明,殷建伟,徐林峰.五味子中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂对小鼠的降血糖作用.中国生化药物杂志,2005,23(3)：112-114.
曾志将,汪礼国,饶波,樊兆斌,谢国秀.蜂花粉多糖对大鼠降血脂效果研究.江西农业大学学报,2004,26(3)：406-408.
张红城,董捷,李慧,李春阳.六种蜂花粉多酚和黄酮类物质含量测定及抗氧化性的研究.食品科学,2007a,28(9)：500-504.
张红城,李慧岩,董捷,李春阳,文镜.茶花花粉蛋白酶解物抗氧化性的研究.食品科学,2007b,28(8)：58-61.
张红城,董捷,任向楠,付超.四种蜂花粉中植物甾醇的GC-MS分析.食品科学,2008,29(12)：522-524.
张红城,董捷,曲臣,任向楠.八种蜂花粉中脂肪酸的测定及GC-MS分析.食品科学,2009,30(24)：419-424.
张静静.油菜花粉超临界CO2萃取物对免疫和炎症的影响.硕士学位论文,济南：山东师范大学,2006.
张凯松,周启星.铝的生态与健康风险研究进展.生态科学,2003,22(4)：351-355.
张晓瑢,彭树林,肖顺昌,王明奎,丁立生.单条草化学成分的研究.应用与环境生物学报,1998,4(2)：145-147.
张星海,龚恕,王岳飞,周晓红.茶多酚与油菜花粉提取物对前列腺癌细胞生长抑制效果比较研究.茶叶科学,2010,30(5)：379-383.
张玉顺,古昆,陈静波.高效液相色谱法测定几种花粉中的β一胡萝卜素.光谱实验室,2000,17(6)：653-655.
张昭,王莹,李富茹,高子芬.蜜源花粉对鹌鹑实验性高脂血症和动脉粥样硬化形成的影响.营养学报,1992,14(1)：23-28.
赵凤春,杨克迪,欧阳葭,龙云飞.黄芪多糖微波、超声辅助提取研究.中成药,2008,30(4)：620-623.
郑珺,孙兰香,王紫秋,雷凯琴.油菜花粉中槲皮素和山奈酚总含量的HPLC法测定.中国新药杂志,2005,14(5)：592-594.
郑敏燕,魏永生.油菜蜂花粉黄酮含量的HPLC测定.分析测试学报,2004,23(2)：95-97.
周玲仙,陈彦红.荞麦花粉营养学与食品卫生学研究.昆明医学院学报,1994a,15(4)：56-59.
周玲仙,邵萍,陈彦红.荞麦花粉抗贫血作用的实验研究.昆明医学院学报,1994b,15(3)：11-13.
周彦钢,贾建萍,孙丽华.荷花蜂花粉的营养成分分析.蜜蜂杂志,2007,28(5)：6-7.
朱晓丽,孙丽萍,董捷,张智武,张红城.油菜蜂花粉酶解物抗氧化性能的研究.食品科学,2007,28(5)：74-75.
Almaraz-Abarca, N., da Graca Campos, M., Avila-Reyes, J. A., Naranjo-Jimenez, N., Corral, J. H., Gonzalez-Valdez, L. S. Antioxidant activity of polyphenolic extract of monofloral honeybee-collected pollen from mesquite(Prosopis juliflora, Leguminosae). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2007,20(2):119-124.
Almeida-Muradian, L. B., Pamplona, L. C., Coimbra, S., Barth O. M. Chemical composition and botanical evaluation of dried bee pollen pellets. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2005,18(1):105-111.
Arraez-Roman, D., Zurek, G., Baβmann, C., Almaraz-Abarca, N., Quirantes, R., Segura-Carretero, A., Fernandez-Gutierrez, A. Identification of phenolic compounds from pollen extracts using capillary electrophoresis-electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,2007,389(6):1909-1917.
Attia, Y. A., Al-Hanoun, A., Tag El-Din, A. E., Bovera, F., Shewika, Y. E. Effect of bee pollen levels on productive, reproductive and blood traits of NZW rabbits. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2011,95(3):294-303.
Balasundram N., Sundram K., Samman S. Phenolic compounds in plants and agri-industrial by-products:antioxidant activity, occurrence, and potential uses. Food Chemistry,2006,99(1):191-203.
Basim, E., Basim, H., Ozcan, M. Antibacterial activities of Turkish pollen and propolis extracts against plant bacterial pathogens. Journal of food engineering,2006,77(4): 992-996.
Bonvehi, J. S., Jorda, R. E. Nutrient composition and microbiological quality of honeybee-collected pollen in Spain. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,1997,45(3): 725-732.
Benzie, I. F. F., Strain J. J. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of "antioxidant power":the FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry.1996,239(1):70-76.
Bonvehi, J. S., Torrent, M. S., Lorente, E. C. Evaluation of Polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds in honeybee-collected pollen produced in Spain. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2001,49(4):1848-1853.
Brazionis, L., Rowley, K., Itsiopoulos, C., O'Dea, K. Plasma carotenoids and diabetic retinopathy. British Journal of Nutrition,2009,101(2):270-277.
Brecker, L., Wicklein, D., Moll, H., Fuchs, E. C., Becker, W. M., Petersen, A. Structural and immunological properties of arabinogalactan polysaccharides from pollen of timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.) Carbohydrate Research,2005,340(4):657-663.
Campos, M., Markham, K. R., Mitchell, K. A., Da Cunha, A. P. An approach to the characterization of bee pollens via their flavonoid/phenolic profiles. Phytochemical Analysis,1997,8(4):181-185.
Campos, M. G. R., Bogdanov, S., De Almeida-Muradian, L. B., Szczesna, T., Mancebo, Y., Frigerio, C., Ferreira, F. Pollen composition and standardisation of analytical methods. Journal of Apicultural Research and Bee World,2008,47(2):154-161.
Campos, M. G., Webby, R. F., Markham, K. R., Mitchell, K. A., Da Cunha, A. P. Age-induced diminution of free radical scavenging capacity in bee pollens and the contribution of constituent flavonoids. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2003, 51(3):742-745.
Chen, H., Lu, X., Qu, Z., Wang, Z., Zhang, L. Glycosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant properties of a polysaccharide from the mushroom Inonotus obliquus. Journal of Food Biochemistry,2010,34(Suppl.1):178-191.
Chu, Q. C., Tian, X. H, Jiang L. M., Ye, J. N. Application of capillary electrophoresis to study phenolic profiles of honeybee-collected pollen. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2007,55(22):8864-8869.
Di Paola-Naranjo, R. D., Sanchez-Sanchez, J., Gonzalez-Paramas, A. M., Rivas-Gonzalo, J. C. Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of anthocyanin composition of dark blue bee pollen from Echium plantagineum. Journal of Chromatography A,2004, 1054(1-2):205-210.
Eraslan, G, Kanbur, M., Silici, S. Effect of carbaryl on some biochemical changes in rats: The ameliorative effect of bee pollen. Food and Chemical Toxicology,2009a,47(1): 86-91.
Eraslan, G., Kanbur, M., Silici, S., Liman, B. C., Altinordulu, S., Sarica, Z. S. Evaluation of protective effect of bee pollen against propoxur toxicity in rat. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2009b,72(3):931-937.
FAO. Value-added products from beekeeping. FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin 124, FAO:Rome, Italy,1996.
Filip C, Magda C. Determination of the glycosylation site in flavonoid mono-O-glycosides by collision-induced dissociation of electrospray-generated deprotonatedand sodiated molecules. Journal of Mass Spectrometry,2005,40(3):364-372.
Forcone, A., Aloisi, P. V., Ruppel, S., Munoz, M. Botanical composition and protein content of pollen collected by Apis mellifera L. in the north-west of Santa Cruz (Argentinean Patagonia). Grana,2011,50(1):30-39.
Granado-Lorencio, F., Olmedilla-Alonso, B., Blanco-Navarro, I., Botella-Romero, F., Simal-Anton, A. Assessment of carotenoid status and the relation to α-glycaemic control in type I diabetics:a follow-up study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2006, 60(8):1000-1008.
Gonzalez Paramas, A. M., Gomez Barez, J. A., Cordon Marcos, C., Garcia-Villanova, R. J., Sanchez Sanchez, J. HPLC-fluorimetric method for analysis of amino acids in products of the hive (honey and bee-pollen). Food Chemistry,2006,95(1):148-156.
Hamamoto, R., Ishiyama, K., Yamaguchi, M. Inhibitory Effects of bee pollen Cistus ladaniferus extract on bone resorption in femoral tissues and osteoclast-like cell formation in bone marrow cells in Vitro. Journal of Health Science,2006,52(3): 268-275.
Han, H. Y., Shan, S., Zhang, X., Wang, N. L., Lu, X. P., Yao, X. S. Down-regulation of prostate specific antigen in LNCaP cells by flavonoids from the pollen of Brassica napus L. Phytomedicine,2007,14(5):338-343.
Haro, A., Lopez-Aliaga, I., Lisbona, F., Barrionuevo, M., Alferez, M. J. M., Campos, M. S. Beneficial effect of pollen and/or propolis on the metabolism of iron, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in rats with nutritional ferropenic anemia. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2000,48(11):5715-5722.
Herbert, E. W. J, Shimanuki, H. Chemical composition and nutritive value of bee-collected and bee-stored pollen. Apidologie,1978,9:33-40.
Hu, C. C., Lin, J.T., Lu, F. J., Chou, F. P., Yang, D. J. Determination of carotenoids in Dunaliella salina cultivated in Taiwan and antioxidant capacity of the algal? carotenoid extract. Food Chemistry,2008,109(2):439-446.
Human, H., Nicolson, S. W. Nutritional content of fresh, bee-collected and stored pollen of Aloe greatheadii var. davyana (Asphodelaceae). Phytochemistry,2006,67(14): 1486-1492.
Ishikawa, Y, Tokura, T., Nakano, N., Hara, M., Niyonsaba, F., Ushio, H., Yamamoto, Y., Ogawa, H. Inhibitory effect of honeybee-collected pollen on mast cell degranulation In vivo and In vitro. Journal of Medicinal Food,2008,11(1):14-20.
Ito, Y. Golden rules and pitfalls in selecting optimum conditions for high-sppeed counter-current chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A, 2005,1065(2): 145-168.
Jaime, L., Molla E., Fernandez A., Martin-Cabrejas M. A., Lopez-Andreu F. J., Esteban R. M. Structural carbohydrate differences and potential source of dietary fiber of onion (Allium cepa L.) tissues. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2002,50(1): 122-128.
Jaton, J. C., Roulin, K., Rose, K., Sirotnak, F. M., Lewenstein, A., Brunner, G., Fankhauser, C. P., Burger, U. The secalosides, novel tumor cell growth inhibitory glycosides from a pollen extract. Journal of Natural Products,1997,60(4):356-360.
Kalia, K., Sharma, K., Singh, H. P., Singh, B. Effects of extraction methods on phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in aerial parts of Potentilla atrosanguinea Lodd. and quantification of its phenolic constituents by RP-HPLC. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2008,56(21):10129-10134.
Kim, J. S., Kwon, Y. S., Chun, W. J., Kim, T. Y, Sun, J., Yu, C. Y, Kim, M. J. Rhus verniciflua Stokes flavonoid extracts have anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and a-glucosidase inhibitory effect. Food Chemistry,2010,120(2):539-543.
Kleinschmidt G., Kondos A. The influence of crude protein levelson colony production. Australasian Beekeeper,1976,78:36-39.
Kleinschmidt G, Kondos A. The effect of dietary protein on colony performance. Australasian Beekeeper,1978,79:251-257.
Kroyer, G, Hegedus, N. Evaluation of bioactive properties of pollen extracts as functional dietary food supplement. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies,2001, 2(3):171-174.
Kump, P., Necermer,M., Snajder, J. Determination of trace elements in bee honey, pollen and tissue by total reflection and radioisotope X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Spectrochimica Acta Part B,1996,51(5 Part B):499-507.
LeBlanc, B. W., Davis, O. K., Boue, S., DeLucca, A., Deeby, T. Antioxidant activity of Sonoran Desert bee pollen. Food Chemistry,2009,115(4):1299-1305.
Lee, H. S., Castle, W. S. Seasonal changes of carotenoid pigments and color in Hamlin, Earlygold, and Budd Blood Orange Juices. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2001,49(2):877-882.
Lee, M. H., Lin, R. D., Shen, L. Y., Yang, L. L., Yen, K. Y., Hou, W. C. Monoamine oxidase B and free radical scavenging activities of natural flavonoids in melastoma candidum D. Don. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2001,49(11): 5551-5555.
Leja, M., Mareczek, A., Wyzgolik, G, Klepacz-Baniak, J., Czekonska, K. Antioxidative properties of bee pollen in selected plant species. Food Chemistry,2007,100(1): 237-240.
Li, F., Yuan, Q., Rashid, F. Isolation, purification and immunobiological activity of a new water-soluble bee pollen polysaccharide from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. Carbohydrate Polymers,2009a,78(1):80-88.
Li, H., Song, F., Xing, J., Tsao, R., Liu, Z., Liu, S. Screening and structural characterization of glucosidase inhibitors from hawthorn leaf flavonoids extract by ultrafiltration LC-DAD-MSn and SORI-CID FTICR MS. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry,2009b,20(8):1496-1503.
Li, Y. H., Yang, Y F., Li, K., Jin, L. L., Yang, N. Y, Kong, D. Y.5 Alpha-reductase and aromatase inhibitory constituents from brassica rapa L. Pollen. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin,2009c,57(4):401-404.
Linskens, H. F., Jorde, W. Pollen as food and medicines-A review. Economic Botany,1997, 51(1):77-78.
Liu, J., Wang, S., Qi, J., Wang, X., Song, Y. The immunostimulatory effect of bio-active peptide from pollen on murine and human lymphocytes. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development,1998,104(2):125-132.
Lu, Y. Y., Wang, Y. G., Dai B., Dai Y. Q., Wang Z., Fu, Z. W., Zhu, Q. A novel fluorogenic probe for monoamine oxidase assays. Chinese Chemical Letters,2008(8):947-950.
Lusby, W. R., Buchmann, S. L., Feldlaufer, M. F. Pollen Sterols from Three Species of Sonoran Cacti. Lipids,1993,28(5):469-470.
Manning, R., Harvey, M. Fatty acids in honeybee-collected pollens from six endemic Western Australian eucalypts and the possible significance to the Western Australian beekeeping industry. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2002,42(2): 217-223.
Markowicz Bastos, D. H., Barth, O. M., Rocha, C. I., Da Silva Cunha, I. B., De Oliveira Carvalho, P., Silva Torres, E. A., Michelan, M. Fatty acid composition and palynological analysis of bee (Apis) pollen loads in the states of Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. Journal of Apicultural Research,2004,43(2):35-39.
Medeiros, K. C. P., Figueiredo, C. A. V., Figueredo, T. B., Freire, K. R. L., Santos, F. A. R., Alcantara-Neves, N. M., Silva, T. M. S., Piuvezam, M. R. Anti-allergic effect of bee pollen phenolic extract and myricetin in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2008,119(1):41-46.
Marghitas, L. A., Stanciu, O. G., Dezmirean, D. S., Bobis, O., Popescu, O., Bogdanov, S., Campos, M. G. In vitro antioxidant capacity of honeybee-collected pollen of selected floral origin harvested from Romania. Food Chemistry,2009,115(3):878-883.
Milardovic S., Ivekovic D., Grabaric B. S. A novel amperometric method for antioxidant activity determination using DPPH free radical. Bioelectrochemistry,2006,68(2): 175-180.
Miller N. J., Rice-Evans C., Davies M. J., Gopinathan V., Milner A. A novel method for measuring antioxidant capacity and its application to monitoring antioxidant status in premature neonates. Clinical Science,1993,84(4):407-412.
Modro, A. F. H., Silva, I. C., Luz, C. F. P., Message, D. Analysis of pollen load based on color, physicochemical composition and botanical source. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias,2009,81(2):281-285.
Morgano, M. A., Teixeira Martins, M. C., Rabonato, L. C., Milani, R. F., Yotsuyanagi, K., Rodriguez-Amaya, D. B. Inorganic contaminants in bee pollen from Southeastern Brazil. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2010,58(11):6876-6883.
Murakami, M., Tsukada, O., Okihara, K., Hashimoto, K., Yamada, H., Yamaguchi, H. Beneficial effect of honeybee-collected pollen lump extract on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial—. Food science and technology research,2008,14(3):306-310.
Murphy, D. J. The extracellular pollen coat in members of the Brassicaceae:composition, biosynthesis, and functions in pollination. Protoplasma,2006,228 (1-3):31-39.
Nagai, T., Inoue, R., Inoue, H., Suzuki, N. Scavenging capacities of pollen extracts from cistus ladaniferus on autoxidation, superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and DPPH radicals. Nutrition Research,2002,22(4):519-526.
Nhiem, N. X., Van Kiem, P., Van Minn, C., Lee, J. J., Ku, J. H., Myung, C. S., Kim, Y. H. A potential inhibitor of rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation from the pollen of Typha angustata. Archives of Pharmacal Research,2010,33(12):1937-1942.
Oliveira, K. C. L. S., Moriya, M., Azedo, R. A. B., De Almeida-Muradian, L. B., Teixeira, E. W., Alves, M. L. T. M. F., Moreti, A. C. D. C. C. Relationship between botanical origin and antioxidants vitamins of bee-collected pollen. Quimica Nova,2009,32(5): 1099-1102.
Orzez Villanueva, M. T., Diaz Marquina, A., Bravo Serrano, R., Blazquez Abellan, G. Mineral content of commercial pollen. International journal of food science and nutrition, 2001,52(3):243-249.
Orzaez Villanueva, M. T., Diaz Marquina, A., Bravo Serrano, R., Blazquez Abellan, G. The importance of bee-collected pollen in the diet:a study of its composition. International journal of food science and nutrition,2002,53(3):217-224.
Oshima, S., Ojima, F., Sakamoto, H., Ishiguro, Y., Terao, J. Supplementation with carotenoids inhibits singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation of human plasma low-density lipoprotein. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1996,44(8):2306-2309.
Pan, Y., Dong, S., Hao, Y, Zhou, Y, Ren, X., Wang, J., Wang, W., Chu, T. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of crude polysaccharides from Yunzhi mushroom and its effect on hydroxyproline and glycosaminoglycan levels. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2010,81(1):93-96.
Pei, D., Liu, J.-X., Di, D.-L. Cerebroside and ceramide from the pollen of Brassica napus L. Fitoterapia,2010,81(7):838-843.
Pereira De Melo, I. L., De Almeida-Muradian, L. B. Stabity of antioxidants vitamins in bee smpales. Quimica Nova,2010,33(3):514-518.
Pinto, B., Caciagli, F., Riccio, E., Reali, D., Saric, A., Balog, T., Likic, S., Scarpato, R. Antiestrogenic and antigenotoxic activity of bee pollen from Cystus incanus and Salix alba as evaluated by the yeast estrogen screen and the micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2010,45(9):4122-4128.
Rayner C. J., Langridge D. F. Amino acids in bee-collected pollens from Australian indigenous and exotic plants. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,1985,25: 722-726.
Ramirez-Arriaga, E., Navarro-Calvo, L.A., Diaz-Carbajal, E. Botanical characterisation of Mexican honeys from a subtropical region (Oaxaca) based on pollen analysis. Grana, 2011,50(1):40-54.
Routray, W., Orsat, V. Microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoids:A Review. Food and Bioprocess Technology,2011, article in press.
Saric, A., Balog, T., Sobocanec, S., Kusic, B., Sverko, V., Rusak, G., Likic, S., Bubalo, D., Pinto, D., Reali, D., Marotti, T. Antioxidant effects of flavonoid from Croatian Cystus incanus L. rich bee pollen. Food and Chemical Toxicology,2009,47(3):547-554.
Schulte, F., Mader, J., Kroh, L. W., Panne, U., Kneipp, J. Characterization of pollen carotenoids with in situ and high-performance thin-layer chromatography supported resonant Raman spectroscopy. Analytical Chemistry,2009,81(20):8426-8433.
Schulz, S., Arsene, C., Tauber, M., McNeil, J. N. Composition of lipids from sunflower pollen (Helianthus annuus). Phytochemistry,2000,54(3):325-336.
Sergeeva, N. V., Bandyukova, V. A., Shapiro, D. K. Carotenoids of pollen pellets from certain plants. Chemistry of Natural Compounds,1984,20(5):634.
Shah, P. J. R. The treatment of disorders of the prostate with the rye-grass extract ProstaBrit. Complementary Therapies in Medicine,1996,4(1):21-25.
Shi, J., Yi, C., Ye, X. Q., Xue, S., Jiang, Y. M., Ma, Y, Liu, D. H. Effects of supercritical CO2 fluid parameters on chemical composition and yield of carotenoids extracted from pumpkin. LWT-Food Science and Technology,2010,43(1):39-44.
Shi, J., Li, G, Wang, H., Zheng, J., Suo, Y., You, J., Liu, Y. One step separation of three flavonoids from Poacynum hendersonii by high speed counter current Chromatography. Phytochemical Analysis,2011, article in press.
Shinde, J., Taldone, T., Barletta, M., Kunaparaju, N., Hu, B., Kumar, S., Placido, J., Zito, S. W. a-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of Syzygium cumini (Linn.) Skeels seed kernel in vitro and in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Carbohydrate Research,2008,343(7): 1278-1281.
Silva, T. M. S., Camara, C. A., da Silva Lins, A. C., Barbosa-Filho, J. M., da Silva, E. M. S., Freitas, B. M., De Assis Ribeiro dos Santos, F. Chemical composition and free radical scavenging activity of pollen loads from stingless bee Melipona subnitida Ducke. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2006,19(6-7):507-511.
Somerville, D. C., Nicol, H. I. Crude protein and amino acid composition of honey bee-collected pollen pellets from south-east Australia and a note on laboratory disparity. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2006,46(1):141-149.
Szczesna, T. Concentration of selected elements in honeybee-collected pollen. Journal of Apicultural Research,2007,51(1):5-13.
Somerville, D. C., Nicol, H. I. Mineral content of honeybee-collected pollen from southern New South Wales. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2002,42(8): 1131-11136.
Somerville, D. C. Lipid content of honey bee-collected pollen from south-east Australia. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2005,45(12):1659-1661.
Siddhuraju, P., Vijayakumari, K., Janardhanan, K. Chemical composition and protein quality of the little-known legume, velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1996,44(9):2636-2641.
Terman, A., Brunk, U. T. The Effect of polbax extract on lipofuscin accumulation in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Phytotherapy Research,2002,16(2):180-182.
Ukiya, M., Akihisa, T., Tokuda, H., Koike, K., Takayasu, J., Okuda, H., Kimura, Y., Nishino, H. Isolation, structural elucidation, and inhibitory effects of terpenoid and lipid constituents from sunflower pollen on Epstein-Barr Virus early antigen Induced by tumor promoter, TPA. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2003,51(10): 2949-2957.
Wang, X. Y., Wang, H. L., Liu, Y. J., You, J. M., Suo, Y. R. Extraction of pollen lipids by SFE-CO2 and determination of free fatty acids by HPLC. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology,2009,111(2):155-163.
Wang, Y. F., Yang, Z. W., Wei, X. L. Sugar compositions, a-glucosidase inhibitory and amylase inhibitory activities of polysaccharides from leaves and flowers of Camellia sinensis obtained by different extraction methods. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2010,47(4):534-539.
Wu, Y. D., Lou, Y. J. A steroid fraction of chloroform extract from bee pollen of Brassica campestris induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Phytotherapy Research,2007,21(11):1087-1091.
Xu, X., Sun, L. P., Dong, J., Zhang, H. C. Breaking the cells of rape bee pollen and consecutive extraction of functional oil with supercritical carbon dioxide. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies,2009,10(1):42-46.
Xu, X., Dong, J., Mu, X. F., Sun, L. P. Supercritical CO2 extraction of oil, carotenoids, squalene and sterols from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) bee pollen. Food and bioproducts processing,2011,89(1):47-52.
Yamaguchi, M., Hamamoto, R., Uchiyama, S., Ishiyama, K., Hashimoto, K. Preventive effects of bee pollen Cistus ladaniferus extract on bone loss in streptozotocin-diabetic rats in vivo. Journal of Health Science,2007,53(2):190-195.
Yang, N. Y., Li, K., Yang, Y. F., Li, Y. H. Aromatase inhibitory fatty acid derivatives from the pollen of Brassica campestris L. var. oleifera DC. Journal of Asian Natural Products Research,2009,11(2):132-137.
Yang, X., Guo, D., Zhang, J., Wu, M. Characterization and antitumor activity of pollen polysaccharide. International Immunopharmacology,2007,7(4):427-434.
You, J. M., Liu, L. J., Zhao, W. C., Zhao, X. E., Suo.Y. R., Wang, H. L., Li, Y. L. Study of a new derivatizing reagent that improves the analysis of amino acids by HPLC with fluorescence detection:application to hydrolyzed rape bee pollen. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry,2007,387(8):2705-2718.
Yu, L. H., Liu, G. T., Sun, Y. M., Zhang, H. Y. Antioxidative effect of schisanhenol on human low density lipoprotein and its quantum chemical calculation. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica,2004,25(8):1038-1044.
Zhang, G. W., He, L., Hu, M. M. Optimized ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Prunella vulgaris L. and evaluation of antioxidant activities in vitro. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies,2011,12(1):18-25.
阿布拉江·克依木.黄酮苷类天然产物的质谱分析方法研究.博士学位论文,北京：中国协和医科大学,2006.
曹学丽.高速逆流色谱分离技术及应用.北京：化学工业出版社,2005：39-42.
曹幼甫,蒋滢,毛棣华,顾永平,黄美英,殷伟平.蜂花粉对γ射线受照大鼠骨髓造血组织影响的病理学研究.中华放射医学与防护杂志,1998,18(4)：269-270.
陈广耀.抗糖尿病中药开发前景展望.中国新药杂志,2000,9(7)：448-451.
陈建军,杨双喜,杨庆荣,施方伦.铝对人类健康的影响及相关食品安全问题研究进展.中国卫生检验杂志,2007,17(7)：1326-1329.
陈小夏,陈冰.油菜花粉提取物对高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响.中药药理与临床,2004,20(3)：18-19.
程郁昕,吕锦芳,宁康健,李涛.添加蜂花粉喂饲对肉杂鸡抗氧化功能的影响.中国实验方剂学杂志,2008,11(4)：36-37.
杜灵彬,钱丽娟,顾琳慧,牟瀚舟,曹明富.油菜花粉脂溶性提取物对人前列腺癌细胞PC-3的体外生长抑制研究.中国药物与临床,2010,10(9)：971-973.
邸多隆,郑媛媛,陈小芬,黄新异,封士兰.高速逆流色谱技术分离纯化天然产物中黄酮类化合物的研究进展.分析化学评述与进展,2011,39(2)：269-275.
董捷,张红城,秦健,任向楠.十种蜂花粉醇提物中总多酚和总黄酮含量测定.食品科学,2008,29(12)：246-249.
董捷,张红城,李慧,任向楠.八种蜂花粉醇提物的体外抗氧化能力研究.营养学报,2010,32(3)：309-312.
额尔登桑,宝音达来,娜仁格日乐.微波消解ICP-AES法测定蒙药嘎日迪-13中的多种微量元素.光谱学与光谱分析,2006,26(11)：2134-2136.
额尔登桑,宝音达来,斯琴巴特尔.微波消解ICP-AES法测定蒙药查格得日中金属元素及其分析.光谱学与光谱分析,2008,28(4)：940-942.
甘琳,周芳,张越非,池汝安.葛根总黄酮提取工艺的比较.时珍国医国药,2011, 21(4)：929-931.
高慧娟,余春涛.蜂花粉的化学组成及贮存过程中的变化.食品与发酵工业,2006,32(12)：131-132.
耿越,刘连亮,胥保华,周怡,逯南南,李自发.不同比例n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对小鼠良性前列腺增生和炎性细胞因子的影响.营养学报,2010,32(4)：323-327.
耿越,王开发.玉米蜂花粉多糖对小白鼠免疫功能影响.山东师大学报(自然科学版),1999,14(2)：1984-1986.
耿越,王开发,张玉兰.玉米花粉多糖PMA I的结构解析.天然产物研究与开发,2006,18：263-265.
耿越,王开发,张玉兰,吕建新.玉米花粉多糖的免疫学作用分析.动物学报,2001,47(专刊)：250-254.
耿越,王开发,张玉兰,陶银华,杨兴华,张经军.40种常见花粉相对营养价值评价.天然产物研究与开发,2000,12(6)：40-46.
郭芳彬.浅析蜂花粉降血脂作用机理.蜜蜂杂志,2005,12：11-13.
郭娟丽,张培成,张智武.油菜花粉的化学成分研究.中国中药杂志,2009,34(10)：1235-1237.
何燕,曹丽玲,李世杰ICP-AES测定花粉中8种微量元素含量的研究.职业与健康,2008,24(23)：2528-2530.
胡福良,玄红专,朱威,应华忠,朱威.花粉、蜂胶对糖尿病SD大鼠的影响.中国养蜂,2003,54(4)：9-11.
胡若洋,冯毛,李建科.不同贮存温度下茶花蜂花粉蛋白质组的初步研究.食品科学,2008,29(6)：438-443.
蒋枫,朱威,张颖,胡福良.莲花花粉营养成分分析.中国蜂业,2007,58(9)：5-7.
蒋滢,孔庆旺,顾宣娣等,舒仲,杨梦云.花粉抗糖尿病实验动物研究.中国养蜂,1996,4：8-9.
蒋滢,黄美英,蒋菊香,王开发.35种蜂花粉的活性物质分析.中国养蜂,1999,50(3)：3-5.
贾世山,刘永漋,马超美,杨世林,周慧敏,赵达成,刘冬,李淑玉.狭叶香蒲花粉(蒲黄)黄酮类成分的研究.药学学报,1986,21(6)：441-446.
雷群英,蒋滢,吴士良.花粉制剂对脑衰老动物各脑区的SOD和NO水平的影响.氨 基酸和生物资源,2000,22(1)：35-37.
李飞,袁其朋.山楂蜂花粉多糖体外抗氧化活性研究.食品科技,2009,34(4)：158-162.
李坤,杨义芳,李永辉.油菜花粉抗前列腺增生与炎症的活性部位研究.中草药,2010,41(5)：798-802.
李树国,丰浪,沈竑,成永旭,陆瑜.崇明养殖文蛤和启东天然生长文蛤的营养成分比较.营养学报,2009,31(6)：612-616.
李铭芳,柳英霞,万益群.电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱测定生脉散中多种微量元素.光谱学与光谱分析,2008,28(2)：436-440.
李天娇,徐响,孙丽萍,董捷.油菜蜂花粉ACE抑制活性水解物的制备及分离.食品科学.2010,31(15)：161-165.
李瑛琦,陆文超,于治国.三叶青的化学成分研究.中草药,2003,34(11)：982-983.
林勤保,赵国燕.不同方法提取大枣多糖工艺的优化研究.食品科学,2005,26(9)：368-371.
凌关庭.抗氧化食品与健康.北京：化学工业出版社,2004.
刘洁,缪晓青.响应面分析法优化莲花蜂花粉多糖提取工艺研究.食品科学,2010,31(14)：101-105.
刘连亮.油菜花粉二氧化碳超临界萃取物对前列腺增生的治疗作用.硕士学位论文,济南：山东师范大学,2008.
刘志峰,李萍,李慎军,刘相斌,刘珂.5种中药体外α-糖苷酶抑制作用的观察.山东中医药杂志,2004,23(1)：41-42.
刘建涛,赵利,苏伟,王杉,张维民.蜂花粉生物活性物质的研究进展.食品科学,2006,27(12)：909-911.
刘凤云,张坚,许子,康胜利,李晓红,王晋,张伯宁.青海油菜蜂花粉营养成分分析测定.蜜蜂杂志,1994,14：3-5.
刘伟,付中民,杨文超等.山茶蜂花粉多糖对四氧嘧啶致小鼠糖尿病的降血糖作用研究.蜜蜂杂志,2009,2：4-6.
陆明,王开发.花粉、花粉多糖、灵芝孢子抑制肿瘤作用的对比研究.蜜蜂杂志,2002,11：5-6.
卢艳花,谭仁祥.抗抑郁天然药物的研究进展.中草药,2000,31(9)：1-3.
陆瑛,田昆,杨荣.党参花粉对骨髓造血功能损伤保护作用的观察研究.蜂蜜杂志, 1996,9(3)：6-8.
吕建新,金丽琴,陈国荣,袁谦,杨开颜,谢克俭.玉米花粉多糖对大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞的激活作用.中国病理生理杂志,1999,15(6)：509-511.
马德伟,张成合,高锁柱,马楠,刘海河,张彦萍,孙岚.中国蔬菜花粉扫描电镜图解.中国农业出版社,1999.
马卡姆著,张宝琛,唐崇实译.黄酮类化合物结构鉴定技术.北京：科学出版社,1990：43-50.
马建慧,郑兴征,田卉.新疆油菜花粉对D一半乳糖致衰老小鼠抗氧化作用的实验研究.现代预防医学,2008,35(11)：2028-2034.
孟祥河,潘秋月,何晋浙,孙培龙.桑蚕蛹的脂质营养组成.营养学报,2009,31(3)：281-284.
毛俐,谭明雄,陈振锋,等.ICP-AES法测定广西产中药广豆根及千斤拔中的金属元素含量.光谱学与光谱分析,2009,29(9)：2568-2570.
苗芳,彭洪福.参芪花粉、黄芪茯苓等药物对B型单胺氧化酶的抑制作用.中药药理与临床,1989,5(5)：36-37.
潘建国,王开发,郑尧隆,刘远红.高效液相色谱法同步测定花粉中的水溶性维生素.同济大学学报,2001,29(5)：581-583.
庞广昌,王林嵩,马全祥,张黛静,陆文梁.棉花花粉发育过程中同工酶的研究.河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),1996,24(3)：78-80.
任金山,吴梧桐,李颖,安雪飞,李莉.花粉多糖的分离纯化及其组成单糖分析.中国药科大学学报,1990,21(3)：173-175.
任玉翠,冯成汉.十二种蜂花粉的黄酮甙及甾醇类成分的含量测定.中国医院药学杂志,1990,10(4)：147-148.
阮尚全,冯洁,汪建红.原子吸收光谱法测定几种花粉中的金属元素含量.微量元素与健康研究,2009,26(5)：51-52.
司秉坤,赵余庆.α-亚麻酸药理作用和提取分离技术研究进展.中草药,2005,36(7)：1113一1114.
苏松坤,陈盛禄,林雪珍,胡福良,邵梅,童富淡.茶花粉营养成分的测定.中国养蜂,2000,51(2)：3-5.
孙丽萍,杨佳林,徐响,朱青.油菜蜂花粉酚类化合物的初步分离和抗氧化性研究.食 品科学,2009,30(23)：52-56.
孙丽萍,徐响,廖磊,刘魁英,杨佳林.油菜蜂花粉黄酮醇苷的体内外抗氧化研究.食品科学,2010,31(19)：359-362.
孙培龙,张奕敏,何荣军,杨开.蜂花粉多肽分离纯化及免疫活性研究.食品科学,2008,29(3)：450-452.
唐琳,李倩,翟金亮,宋知刚.21种蜂花粉水提取物抗氧化活性的比较研究.中国食品学报,2008,8(1)：17-21.
涂文利,耿越,张静静,张晾,张宇飞.八种花粉中脂肪酸组分分析.营养学报,2005a,27(4)：351一352.
涂文利.油菜花粉超临界二氧化碳萃取物对高脂血大鼠脂质代谢的影响.硕士学位论文,济南：山东师范大学,2005b.
万开科,宋艳玲,季爱雪,金声.油菜花粉十二肽和类似物的合成及性质的研究.高等学校化学学报,1995,4：543-548.
王慧.黄酮类化合物生物活性的研究进展.食品与药品,2010,12(5)：347-350.
王开发,张玉兰.花粉中维生素的研究.蜜蜂杂志,1997a,2：3-5.
王开发,张玉兰,耿越.花粉中胡萝卜素的研究.养蜂科技,1997b,4：2-4.
王开发,张玉兰,蒋滢,黄美英.花粉的维生素A、C、E研究.营养学报,1997c,19(2)：250-252.
王开发,张玉兰,张盛隆.花粉中酶的研究.蜜蜂杂志,1997d,9：3-5.
王开发,张玉兰,蒋滢.花粉中生长素的研究.蜜蜂杂志,1997e,10：4-6.
王开发,张玉兰,张盛隆.花粉中核酸的研究.蜂蜜杂志,1997f,7：11-12.
王开发,耿越.花粉中碳水化合物的研究.蜜蜂杂志,1998a,4：3-4.
王开发,张玉兰,耿越.花粉中的常量和微量元素研究.蜜蜂杂志,1998b,6：6-8.
王开发,张盛隆,张卫东.花粉中的蛋白质和氮基酸.养蜂科技,1999,6：10一14.
王开发,王隆华,支崇远,陈素英,邹军.玉米花粉黄酮类物质对SD大鼠降血脂作用的研究.放射免疫学杂志,2002,15(6)：368-370.
王开发,支崇远,王隆华.我国花粉多糖测定及其意义.养蜂科技,2004a,3：2-3.
王开发,支崇远,严惠芳,陆宏祺,卜华祥,左其芳.花粉多糖注射剂临床前抗肿瘤药效学预实验.蜜蜂杂志,2004b,6：3-5.
王开发,支崇远.花粉中雌二醇和睾酮含量研究.养蜂科技,2004c,5：2-3.
王开发,陆明.花粉的植物甾醇研究.蜂蜜杂志,2006,9：5-6.
王开发.花粉营养价值与食疗.北京：化学工业出版社,2009.
王金祥,陈良碧.三种禾本科植物花粉中激素、维生素含量比较研究.湖南师范大学自然科学学报,1999,22(2)：81-84.
汪磊,温成荣,王玉娥,熊善柏,胡筱波.油菜花粉酶解肽抗辐射损伤的研究.营养学报,2010,32(1)：72-74.
王明锁,陈政,黄美英,黄超群,蒋遗,苏燎原.蜂花粉对受照大鼠抗辐射效应的研究.辐射研究与辐射工艺学报,1998,16(2)：110-112.
王霞,刘俊达,王舒,宋艳玲.荞麦花粉肽及其类似物的合成、结构和免疫活性研究.北京大学学报(自然科学版),1999,35(2)：195-200.
王玉梅,胡艳芬.天然药物中降血糖成分及作用机理的研究进展.中国民族民间医药,
2008,22(4)：15-17.
王珏,金光明,郑艺梅,李升和,王珩.蜂花粉对动物免疫器官发育的影响.中国中药杂志,2005,30(19)：1532-1536.
王肇慈.粮油食品品质分析.北京：轻工业出版社,2000.
韦盛中.抗抑郁药的临床应用进展.神经疾病与精神卫生,2006,6(1)：71-75.
吴少雄,郭祀远,李琳,殷建忠,周玲仙.荞麦花粉营养成分的分析和营养学评价.食品科学,2004,25(10)：309-311.
许家喜,金声.罂粟花粉十三肽类似物的合成及其结构与抗肿瘤活性关系研究.高等学校化学学报,1999,20(10)：722-726.
徐立,魏翠娥,赵明波,王建农,屠鹏飞,刘建勋.贯叶金丝桃总黄酮对小鼠抑郁症模型的实验研究.中国中药杂志,2005,30(15)：1185-1188.
徐正哲,陈正爱.芦荟花粉胶囊对衰老模型大鼠的抗衰弱作用.延边大学医学学报,2007,30(4)：257-258.
杨必成,杨义芳.花粉治疗前列腺疾病的物质基础研究进展.中草药,2009,40(1)：144-149.
杨必成,杨义芳.超临界流体萃取中药及天然产物的样品制备和预处理方法研究进展.中草药,2010,41(8)：1391-1394.
杨寒冰,殷客卿,陈晶,谈军,段钟平,孔明.四种花粉的营养成分分析.中国蜂业,2010,61(6)：11-14.
杨武英,上官新晨,徐明生,沈勇根,吴琦,周振春.青钱柳黄酮对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性及小鼠血糖的影响.营养学报,2007,29(5)：507-509.
杨晓萍,罗祖友,吴谋成.油菜花粉多糖的制备及其对荷瘤小鼠的影响.食品科学,2005,26(12)：202-204.
杨晓萍,吴谋成.油菜蜂花粉多糖抗肿瘤作用的研究.营养学报,2006,28(2)：160-166.
杨晓萍,吴谋成.油菜花粉多糖对荷瘤鼠脾细胞IL-2、TNF-α产生及其mRNA表达的影响.中国农业科学,2008,41(1)：182-187.
杨新跃,刘志勇,汪礼国,戴黎光,谢国秀,周银平,曾志将.蜂花粉多糖液抑制肿瘤作用的实验研究.江西农业大学学报,2006,28(2)：293-294.
杨中仪,唐因.用直接竟争ELISA法检测花粉中睾酮.植物生理学通讯,1993,29(4)：278-283.
姚秋萍.油菜花粉超微粉有效成分溶出、代谢特征及指纹图谱研究.博士学位论文,福州：福建农林大学,2009.
袁海波,沈忠明,殷建伟,徐林峰.五味子中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂对小鼠的降血糖作用.中国生化药物杂志,2005,23(3)：112-114.
曾志将,汪礼国,饶波,樊兆斌,谢国秀.蜂花粉多糖对大鼠降血脂效果研究.江西农业大学学报,2004,26(3)：406-408.
张红城,董捷,李慧,李春阳.六种蜂花粉多酚和黄酮类物质含量测定及抗氧化性的研究.食品科学,2007a,28(9)：500-504.
张红城,李慧岩,董捷,李春阳,文镜.茶花花粉蛋白酶解物抗氧化性的研究.食品科学,2007b,28(8)：58-61.
张红城,董捷,任向楠,付超.四种蜂花粉中植物甾醇的GC-MS分析.食品科学,2008,29(12)：522-524.
张红城,董捷,曲臣,任向楠.八种蜂花粉中脂肪酸的测定及GC-MS分析.食品科学,2009,30(24)：419-424.
张静静.油菜花粉超临界CO2萃取物对免疫和炎症的影响.硕士学位论文,济南：山东师范大学,2006.
张凯松,周启星.铝的生态与健康风险研究进展.生态科学,2003,22(4)：351-355.
张晓瑢,彭树林,肖顺昌,王明奎,丁立生.单条草化学成分的研究.应用与环境生物学报,1998,4(2)：145-147.
张星海,龚恕,王岳飞,周晓红.茶多酚与油菜花粉提取物对前列腺癌细胞生长抑制效果比较研究.茶叶科学,2010,30(5)：379-383.
张玉顺,古昆,陈静波.高效液相色谱法测定几种花粉中的β一胡萝卜素.光谱实验室,2000,17(6)：653-655.
张昭,王莹,李富茹,高子芬.蜜源花粉对鹌鹑实验性高脂血症和动脉粥样硬化形成的影响.营养学报,1992,14(1)：23-28.
赵凤春,杨克迪,欧阳葭,龙云飞.黄芪多糖微波、超声辅助提取研究.中成药,2008,30(4)：620-623.
郑珺,孙兰香,王紫秋,雷凯琴.油菜花粉中槲皮素和山奈酚总含量的HPLC法测定.中国新药杂志,2005,14(5)：592-594.
郑敏燕,魏永生.油菜蜂花粉黄酮含量的HPLC测定.分析测试学报,2004,23(2)：95-97.
周玲仙,陈彦红.荞麦花粉营养学与食品卫生学研究.昆明医学院学报,1994a,15(4)：56-59.
周玲仙,邵萍,陈彦红.荞麦花粉抗贫血作用的实验研究.昆明医学院学报,1994b,15(3)：11-13.
周彦钢,贾建萍,孙丽华.荷花蜂花粉的营养成分分析.蜜蜂杂志,2007,28(5)：6-7.
朱晓丽,孙丽萍,董捷,张智武,张红城.油菜蜂花粉酶解物抗氧化性能的研究.食品科学,2007,28(5)：74-75.