摘要
我国是以煤炭为主要能源的国家,煤炭资源的可持续发展对我国经济的发展和能源安全至关重要。为了保障煤炭资源的可持续发展,研究复杂难采煤层的开采技术就很有必要。在分析了目前复杂难采煤层的开采现状及存在问题的基础上,提出了对复杂难采煤层进行“复杂度”评价的必要性。通过研究复杂煤层的形成条件、影响因素,定量分析了各因素对煤层复杂性的影响程度,确定了煤层复杂性评价的指标体系和煤层复杂度类型定量划分方案,建立了煤层复杂性模糊模式识别方法和煤层复杂性多层次模糊综合评价方法。根据曲面展开原理,提出了复杂煤层曲面分析方法。并结合煤层复杂度、安全度、开采成本等因素分析了复杂煤层的可采性,提出了不同复杂度类型煤层的开采建议。
为了研究复杂难采煤层的开采技术,通过确定采煤方法选择的影响因素,建立了煤层复杂度、煤层厚度、煤层倾角等关键因素与采煤方法的对应关系,应用VB6.0语言开发了煤层复杂性分析与采煤方法选择软件系统。以急倾斜复杂煤层开采为例,分析了急倾斜复杂煤层的采煤方法,提出了急倾斜复杂煤层柔掩法的优化工艺,通过理论分析和相似材料模拟方法研究了急倾斜复杂煤层采场围岩的活动规律和矿压显现规律。
以大安山煤矿为实例,在分析了京西复杂煤层的形成条件和地质条件的基础上,对大安山煤矿14槽煤层复杂性进行了评价,结果表明煤层复杂性模糊模式识别评价方法和多层次模糊综合评价方法的评价结果具有很好的一致性。通过对不同矿区、不同煤层50多个开采单元煤层复杂性的评价,验证了采煤方法选择系统的合理性。
通过系统研究复杂难采煤层的形成条件、影响因素、开采特点、评价方法、采煤方法及实例验证,形成了一套关于复杂难采煤层开采完整的技术体系。
The sustainable development of the coal, which is the main resource in our country, plays a key role to the economic development and the energy security. In order to guarantee the sustainable development of the coal resources, the study of complex building of mining technology is very necessary. The necessity of complexity evaluating is put forward, based on the analysis of the current situation of the complex coal mining and the existed problems. The qualitative analysis of the influencing degree of each factor is given, through the study of the forming condition of the complexity coal seam and the influence factors. The evaluation index system and the classification scheme of the coal complexity are established. The fuzzy pattern recognition and the multi-level fuzzy synthetic evaluation method of the coal complexity are established based on computer language model. According to the principle of surface, the surface analysis method of complicated coal is put forward. The recoverability of the complicated coal seams is analyzed, including complexity, safety and the winning cost, and the mining suggestions for different types of complicated seams are given.
In order to study the mining technology of complicated coal seams, the selection principle of mining method is analyzed. The corresponding relationship is established between the mining method and the key influence factors, such as coal seam complexity, thickness and dip angle. The matching software is developed with VB6.0. The moving rule of surrounding rock and strata behaviors of the complex steeply pitching seams are studied, Through the theoretical analysis and with the similar saterial simulation method.
Based on the forming conditions and geological conditions analysis of complicated coal seams in DaAnshan colliery, the complexity evaluation of 14# coal seam is given. The results indicate that the fuzzy pattern recognition and the multi-level fuzzy synthetic evaluation method of the coal complexity have much consistency According to the complexity evaluation for the different coal mining and more than 50 different mining units, the rationality of the selection system is obtain.
In conclusion, a mining technical system about complex and difficulty-mined coal seam is built, through systematic study on the forming conditions, influence factors,mining characteristics, evaluation methodology, mining method ,and instance validation.
引文
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