高压开关柜触点超温在线监测仪设计
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摘要
高压开关柜触点过热会引发停电甚至灾难性事故,因此,对高压开关柜触点实施超温在线监测一直是电力系统电气设备安全运行前沿课题之一。
论文针对目前触点超温在线监测方法的局限性,提出了基于高分子示温片与固态二氧化碳传感器相结合的高压开关柜触点超温在线监测方法。文中介绍了触点超温监测的基本原理。在此基础上,设计研制了高压开关柜触点超温在线监测仪。该监测系统的组成有:高分子示温片、MS4100CO_2传感器、信号调理电路、单片机MSP430F149、报警电路以及系统软件。在硬件设计部分主要介绍了几个主要模块的组成和针对可靠性所做的特殊设计;软件实现部分介绍了主要软件模块的设计以及提高测量精确度所采取的措施。
在信号调理电路中引入了温度补偿措施来抑制温度对传感器的影响;在对传感器信号分析的基础上,通过数字滤波方法来提高信号的信噪比;通过对超温信号与正常信号的特征分析,提出了基于顺序区间差分的超温信号识别算法;为了保证监测仪的运行可靠性和抗干扰性,本论文提出了一些有效的硬件、软件抗干扰措施。
最后,论文介绍了触点超温在线监测仪的调试、监测实验条件以及实验方法,并对实验数据进行了分析。实验结果论证了系统的稳定性与可靠性,研制的高压开关柜触点超温在线监测仪能够实现触点超温的可靠报警。
Over-temperature of isolator in high voltage (HV) switchgear cabinet can initiate power failure, even fatal accidents. So on-line over-temperature detecting for isolator is an advanced task to protect safe operation of high-voltage devices.
Considering the limitation of current over-temperature detecting apparatus for isolator, this thesis presents a novel method for indirect over-temperature detection of isolators in HV switchgear cabinet based on a new-type polymer labels and Na Superionic Conductor CO_2 sensor. The over-temperature detecting principle is put forward and an over-temperature detecting apparatus based on the method is introduced. The detecting apparatus is consisted of new-type temperature-indicating polymer labels, MS4100 CO_2 gas sensor, signal condition circuit, single-chip microprocessor MSP430F149, alarming circuit and system operating software. In the hardware designing section, mainly introduced primary modules and some measures for improving reliability; and in the software designing section, introduced the proimary software modules and some measures for improving precision.
A temperature compensation circuit is adopted to eliminate the influence of temperature. In view of the characteristics of rude signal, an appropriate method of real-time digital filtering is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The difference features of the signal under over-temperature condition have been analyzed and compared to those under normal condition. The thesis introduced a reliable algorithm for identify over-temperature detection based on sequential section difference.In order to maintain performance reliability and anti-interference of the apparatus,effective anti-interence measures of hardware and software have been introduced.
In the end, debugging of on-line detecting apparatus and experiment conditions, method are introduced. The experiment data were anailzed. Test is carried out, results showed us that the apparatus is long-term stability and reliable. The isolators over-temerature alarming is acquired of based on on-line detecting apparatus.
论文针对目前触点超温在线监测方法的局限性,提出了基于高分子示温片与固态二氧化碳传感器相结合的高压开关柜触点超温在线监测方法。文中介绍了触点超温监测的基本原理。在此基础上,设计研制了高压开关柜触点超温在线监测仪。该监测系统的组成有:高分子示温片、MS4100CO_2传感器、信号调理电路、单片机MSP430F149、报警电路以及系统软件。在硬件设计部分主要介绍了几个主要模块的组成和针对可靠性所做的特殊设计;软件实现部分介绍了主要软件模块的设计以及提高测量精确度所采取的措施。
在信号调理电路中引入了温度补偿措施来抑制温度对传感器的影响;在对传感器信号分析的基础上,通过数字滤波方法来提高信号的信噪比;通过对超温信号与正常信号的特征分析,提出了基于顺序区间差分的超温信号识别算法;为了保证监测仪的运行可靠性和抗干扰性,本论文提出了一些有效的硬件、软件抗干扰措施。
最后,论文介绍了触点超温在线监测仪的调试、监测实验条件以及实验方法,并对实验数据进行了分析。实验结果论证了系统的稳定性与可靠性,研制的高压开关柜触点超温在线监测仪能够实现触点超温的可靠报警。
Over-temperature of isolator in high voltage (HV) switchgear cabinet can initiate power failure, even fatal accidents. So on-line over-temperature detecting for isolator is an advanced task to protect safe operation of high-voltage devices.
Considering the limitation of current over-temperature detecting apparatus for isolator, this thesis presents a novel method for indirect over-temperature detection of isolators in HV switchgear cabinet based on a new-type polymer labels and Na Superionic Conductor CO_2 sensor. The over-temperature detecting principle is put forward and an over-temperature detecting apparatus based on the method is introduced. The detecting apparatus is consisted of new-type temperature-indicating polymer labels, MS4100 CO_2 gas sensor, signal condition circuit, single-chip microprocessor MSP430F149, alarming circuit and system operating software. In the hardware designing section, mainly introduced primary modules and some measures for improving reliability; and in the software designing section, introduced the proimary software modules and some measures for improving precision.
A temperature compensation circuit is adopted to eliminate the influence of temperature. In view of the characteristics of rude signal, an appropriate method of real-time digital filtering is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The difference features of the signal under over-temperature condition have been analyzed and compared to those under normal condition. The thesis introduced a reliable algorithm for identify over-temperature detection based on sequential section difference.In order to maintain performance reliability and anti-interference of the apparatus,effective anti-interence measures of hardware and software have been introduced.
In the end, debugging of on-line detecting apparatus and experiment conditions, method are introduced. The experiment data were anailzed. Test is carried out, results showed us that the apparatus is long-term stability and reliable. The isolators over-temerature alarming is acquired of based on on-line detecting apparatus.
引文
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[5]徐嘉龙.JYN型大电流开关柜爆炸原因分析及改进意见[J].浙江电力,2000,19(4):34-35.
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[12]杨武,王小华,荣命哲等.基于红外测温技术的高压电力设备温度在线监测传感器的研究[J].中国机电工程学报,2002,22(9):113-117.
[13]A.Kamio,Y.Okamto.Study on Variation of Thermal Image by Infrared Radiometer Influenced by Fluctuations of Environmental Factors[J].Journal of Visualization,Jan.2002,vol.5.1.
[14]程玉兰.红外诊断现场实用技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[15]邬宽明.单片机外围器件实用手册数据传输接口器件分册[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1998:56-78.
[16]孙涵芳.Intel16位单片机[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1995:1-102.
[17]周剑利,郭建波,藤峰成.基于高压开关设备的光纤在线测量仪[J].微计算机信息,2005,(21)07S:142-143.
[18]罗 俊华,周作春,李华春等.电力电缆线路运行温度在线检测技术应用研究[J].高电压技术,2007,(33)1:159-172.
[19]彭超,赵健康,苗付贵.分布式光纤技术在线监测电缆温度[J].高电压技术,2006,(32)8:43-45.
[20]郑道弘,刘念,周龙翔.高压开关柜触点光纤智能测温[J].高压电器,1995,31(4):37-394.
[21]A.wang et al.Sapphire-fiber based Intrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometer[M].Fiber optic Sensor-Based Smart Materials and Structures Workshop:103-106.
[22]黄建华,全零三.变电站高压电气设备状态检修的现状及其发展[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(16):56-31.
[23]Theocharous,E.Differential Absorption distributed Thermometer[C].lEEConference Publication 1983,(221)10-12.
[24]王廷云,罗承沐.半导体吸收式光纤温度传感器[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2001,41(3):59-51.
[25]Kyuma,K.Tai.S.Sawada,and T.and Nunoshita.M.Fiber-Optic Instrument for Temperature Measu-ment[J].IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics,1982,QE-18,(4):676-679.
[26]巩宪锋,衣红钢,王长松等.高压开关柜隔离触点温度监测研究[J].中国电机工程学 报,2006,26(1):155-158.
[27]钱祥忠.高压开关柜内接头温度在线监测系统的设计[J].仪表技术与传感器,2007.2:73-75.
[28]匡绍龙,朱学斌.分布式光纤温度传感器原理及其在变电站温度监测中的应用[J].电力自动化设备,2004,24(9):79-81.
[29]巩宪锋,李忠富,王长松.质心原理在光纤光栅传感波长解调中的应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2004,26(4):429-432.
[30]乔学光,贾振安,傅海威等.光纤光栅传感器理论与实验[J].物理学报,2004,53(2):494-197.
[31]Lobo A B,Ribeiro,Ferreira L A,Santos J L,et al.Analysis of the reflective-matched fiber Bragg grating sensing interrogation scheme[C].Appl.Opt.,1997,36(4):934-939.
[32]姜德生,何伟.光纤光栅传感器的应用概况[J].光电子·激光,2002,13(4):420-430.
[33]苏东波.光纤温度传感器发展现状[J].传感器技术,1995,(6):1-6.
[34]施伟,黄得修,刘德明,等.分布式光纤传感器的研究与进展[J],半导体光电,1997,18(4):220-223.
[35]ABB.Monitoring Primary Circuit Temperatures and Breaker Condition in MV Substations[R].ABB Review,1993,(3):10-11.
[36]Whistle D B,Gray I D.A new technique for condition monitoring of MV metal clad switchgear[J].Trends in Distribution Switchgear,1998,10(11):10 -12.
[37]Lundin L,Balgard L.Mornitoring primary circuit temperatures and bresker condition in MV substation[R].ABB Review,1993.
[38]Denis Koch,Ruben Garzon.Square D Type FB4 SF6 Circuit Breaker Contact Resistance[C].Minutes of the Sixty-First Annual International Conference of Doble Clients,1994,P.5-6.1-5.
[39]Femando Lisboa.Thermal Imaging in a Predictive Maintenance Program.Sensors[R].August 2003:14-17.
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