30个苜蓿材料生长特性与品质的比较及综合评价
摘要
本研究通过对30个苜蓿材料,包括紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)、杂花苜蓿(Medicago varia Martyn)、黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata L.)材料生长、品质等相关指标的测定研究,以产量、品质为研究重点,并用两种方法进行了综合评价,旨在为生产实践提供稳定高产优质的应用材料,并为苜蓿育种工作者提供苜蓿材料生长表现第一手试验数据资料。其结果如下：
第一茬草,苜蓿材料YLU.17、中原3号株高较其他供试材料优势明显；材料YL701生长速度最快,达到2.16cm／d；材料YLL.10,单株生长达到1232.2 g／株,与其它材料相比,生长优势明显；材料YLL.10单株分枝数较其他材料优势明显；材料YL701株型结构较好。
再生草,苜蓿材料西8.22、组合6、耐寒苜蓿、公农3号、YL701、YL.3.8为再生株高较高材料；苜蓿材料耐寒苜蓿、公农3号、YL.3.8为再生速度较快材料；材料YLL.10的单株再生分枝数与其它材料具有显著差异；供试材料西8.22、中原3号、组合6、公农3号、YL.3.8.17为单株再生鲜重较高材料。
四茬草的相关性研究,分枝数、再生分枝数与再生株高、生长速度、再生速度在0.01水平均呈显著负相关；单株总重与株高、再生株高、生长速度、再生速度、分枝数、再生分枝数、株型结构在0.01水平上均呈显著正相关,其中株型结构与单株总重的相关度最高；分枝数的相关度第二高；株高的相关度第三高；再生速度的相关度最低。
四茬草株高：第一茬株高最高；四茬生长速度：第二茬生长速度最快；四茬分枝数：第一茬单株分枝数最小,第三茬单株分枝数达到最大；四茬单株重：第一茬单株重最高,四茬单株鲜重呈逐茬递减趋势。
30个供试材料粗蛋白含量全部达到一级标准以上,达到特级标准材料数的占所有参试材料的90%；所有参试材料粗纤维全部达到三级标准以上,二级标准以上占总材料数的70%；所有参试材料粗灰分含量均达到一级标准以上。材料根茎型苜蓿、YLL.10磷含量较高,较其它材料具有明显优势。材料MonarcaSPI12的钙含量较其它材料具有明显优势。
30个苜蓿材料进行综合研究,用分级评分法的结果是：材料YL701、YLU.17、中原3号、YL.3.8,在生长性状上具有明显优势,为生长快、再生性好、生长高的材料；材料YLL.10在分枝数、再生分枝数、单株鲜重较其它材料优势明显,仅从生长考虑,可选为优良苜蓿材料。材料根茎型苜蓿、组合6、Monarca SPI12、YLL.10、准格尔苜蓿,营养成分较其它材料优势明显,为营养价值较高的材料。用初值加权法的结果是：供试材料YL701、YLU.17、YL.3.8、YL.3.8.17、天水苜蓿生长性状较好。尤其是材料YL701,可选为生长高,生长快的苜蓿材料；材料根茎型苜蓿、Monarca SPI12、YLL.10、组合6、准格尔苜蓿品质较高。尤其是材料根茎型苜蓿,品质优势明显,可选为营养价值高的材料。材料YL701、YLU.17、YL.3.8、西8.22、中原3号生长品质均较高；尤其是材料YL701,生长品质优势明显,可选为生长品质总体较优材料。
This study of 30 alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., Medicago varia Person) Medicago falcata L.) materials which is applying in large area inproduction,related index of growing characters,quality were measured,yield,quality were focused on to evaluated them synthetically with two method.This research conducted in order to supply high yield,good quality,applicable alfalfa materials, to give the element science basis for agriculture production. At the same time this research give a first-hand meter of alfalfa cultivar evaluation for breeding research.The results as follows:
At first harvest, YLU.17, Zhongyuan 1 had obvious height advantage over other tested materials; YL701 had the fastest growth rate, reaching to 2.16cm/d; yield of individual plant of YLL.10 reached to 1232.2 g/strain, and had obvious advantages compared to other varieties; YLL.10 had obvious advantages than other tested materials on number of branches of individual plant; material YL701 had better plant structure.
After at first harvest, West 8.22, Combination 6, Cold-resistant alfalfa, Gongnong 3, YL701, YL.3.8 had higher height of the regeneration; Cold-resistant alfalfa alfalfa, Public farming 3, YL.3.8 had faster regeneration rate; re-growth branches number of individual plant of YLL.10 was significantly different from other tested materials; West 8.22, Central Plains 3, Combination 6, Public agricultural 3, YL.3.8.17 had higher re-fresh weight of individual plant.
Comparison of the relevance of 4 harvests, branch number, branch number of regeneration and height of regeneration, growth rate, re-growth rate was a significant negative correlation at 0.01 level; the total weight of plant and height of plant, re-growth height, growth rate, regeneration rate, branch number,re-growth branch number, community structure showed significant positive correlation at 0.01 level. Plant structure and total weight of per plant were the highest correlation; Branches were second; height was the third; Regeneration rate was the lowest correlation.
Four harvest height:the harvest had maximum height; Four harvest growth rate: the second harvest had the fastest growth rate;Four harvest branches:the first harvest of f individual branches number had the minimum, the third harvest had the maximum of individual branches number; four harvest plant weight:individual weight of first harves was the highest, individual green grass yield of four harvest was reduced by the trend.
Crude protein content of 30 tested materials achieved a standard above all, materials reaching to the standard premium accounted for 90% of the total tested materials; Crude fiber met more than three standard above all, accounted for more than 70% of the total tested materials; Crude ash content reached more than one standard. Phosphorus content of Roots-type alfalfa, YLL.10, had obvious advantages over other materials. Calcium content of Monarca SPI12 had obvious advantages over other materials.
Comprehensive comparison of 30 alfalfa materials, the results of the classification score is:Growing characters traits of YL 701, YLU.17, Zhongyuan3, YL.3.8 had obvious advantages; YLL.10 had obvious advantages over other materials in branches, renewable branches, individual green grass yield, considered only from the output, were the materials of high yield; Nutrient of Rhizome type alfalfa, Combination 6, Monarca SPI12, YLL.10, Zhungeer alfalfa, had obvious advantages compared with other materials. The results with initial weighted method is:YL701, YLU.17, YL.3.8, YL.3.8.17, Tianshui Alfalfa have good growing characters. YL701 had high yield, fast-growing rate; Roots-type alfalfa, Monarca SPI12, YLL.10,Combination 6, Zhungeer had high quality. Especially quality of Roots-type alfalfa had obvious advantages. Yield and quality of YL701, YLU.17, YL.3.8, West 8.22, Central Plains 3, were higher than other materials; particular yield and quality of YL701 had obvious advantages,were the material with overall optimum of yield and quality.
第一茬草,苜蓿材料YLU.17、中原3号株高较其他供试材料优势明显；材料YL701生长速度最快,达到2.16cm／d；材料YLL.10,单株生长达到1232.2 g／株,与其它材料相比,生长优势明显；材料YLL.10单株分枝数较其他材料优势明显；材料YL701株型结构较好。
再生草,苜蓿材料西8.22、组合6、耐寒苜蓿、公农3号、YL701、YL.3.8为再生株高较高材料；苜蓿材料耐寒苜蓿、公农3号、YL.3.8为再生速度较快材料；材料YLL.10的单株再生分枝数与其它材料具有显著差异；供试材料西8.22、中原3号、组合6、公农3号、YL.3.8.17为单株再生鲜重较高材料。
四茬草的相关性研究,分枝数、再生分枝数与再生株高、生长速度、再生速度在0.01水平均呈显著负相关；单株总重与株高、再生株高、生长速度、再生速度、分枝数、再生分枝数、株型结构在0.01水平上均呈显著正相关,其中株型结构与单株总重的相关度最高；分枝数的相关度第二高；株高的相关度第三高；再生速度的相关度最低。
四茬草株高：第一茬株高最高；四茬生长速度：第二茬生长速度最快；四茬分枝数：第一茬单株分枝数最小,第三茬单株分枝数达到最大；四茬单株重：第一茬单株重最高,四茬单株鲜重呈逐茬递减趋势。
30个供试材料粗蛋白含量全部达到一级标准以上,达到特级标准材料数的占所有参试材料的90%；所有参试材料粗纤维全部达到三级标准以上,二级标准以上占总材料数的70%；所有参试材料粗灰分含量均达到一级标准以上。材料根茎型苜蓿、YLL.10磷含量较高,较其它材料具有明显优势。材料MonarcaSPI12的钙含量较其它材料具有明显优势。
30个苜蓿材料进行综合研究,用分级评分法的结果是：材料YL701、YLU.17、中原3号、YL.3.8,在生长性状上具有明显优势,为生长快、再生性好、生长高的材料；材料YLL.10在分枝数、再生分枝数、单株鲜重较其它材料优势明显,仅从生长考虑,可选为优良苜蓿材料。材料根茎型苜蓿、组合6、Monarca SPI12、YLL.10、准格尔苜蓿,营养成分较其它材料优势明显,为营养价值较高的材料。用初值加权法的结果是：供试材料YL701、YLU.17、YL.3.8、YL.3.8.17、天水苜蓿生长性状较好。尤其是材料YL701,可选为生长高,生长快的苜蓿材料；材料根茎型苜蓿、Monarca SPI12、YLL.10、组合6、准格尔苜蓿品质较高。尤其是材料根茎型苜蓿,品质优势明显,可选为营养价值高的材料。材料YL701、YLU.17、YL.3.8、西8.22、中原3号生长品质均较高；尤其是材料YL701,生长品质优势明显,可选为生长品质总体较优材料。
This study of 30 alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., Medicago varia Person) Medicago falcata L.) materials which is applying in large area inproduction,related index of growing characters,quality were measured,yield,quality were focused on to evaluated them synthetically with two method.This research conducted in order to supply high yield,good quality,applicable alfalfa materials, to give the element science basis for agriculture production. At the same time this research give a first-hand meter of alfalfa cultivar evaluation for breeding research.The results as follows:
At first harvest, YLU.17, Zhongyuan 1 had obvious height advantage over other tested materials; YL701 had the fastest growth rate, reaching to 2.16cm/d; yield of individual plant of YLL.10 reached to 1232.2 g/strain, and had obvious advantages compared to other varieties; YLL.10 had obvious advantages than other tested materials on number of branches of individual plant; material YL701 had better plant structure.
After at first harvest, West 8.22, Combination 6, Cold-resistant alfalfa, Gongnong 3, YL701, YL.3.8 had higher height of the regeneration; Cold-resistant alfalfa alfalfa, Public farming 3, YL.3.8 had faster regeneration rate; re-growth branches number of individual plant of YLL.10 was significantly different from other tested materials; West 8.22, Central Plains 3, Combination 6, Public agricultural 3, YL.3.8.17 had higher re-fresh weight of individual plant.
Comparison of the relevance of 4 harvests, branch number, branch number of regeneration and height of regeneration, growth rate, re-growth rate was a significant negative correlation at 0.01 level; the total weight of plant and height of plant, re-growth height, growth rate, regeneration rate, branch number,re-growth branch number, community structure showed significant positive correlation at 0.01 level. Plant structure and total weight of per plant were the highest correlation; Branches were second; height was the third; Regeneration rate was the lowest correlation.
Four harvest height:the harvest had maximum height; Four harvest growth rate: the second harvest had the fastest growth rate;Four harvest branches:the first harvest of f individual branches number had the minimum, the third harvest had the maximum of individual branches number; four harvest plant weight:individual weight of first harves was the highest, individual green grass yield of four harvest was reduced by the trend.
Crude protein content of 30 tested materials achieved a standard above all, materials reaching to the standard premium accounted for 90% of the total tested materials; Crude fiber met more than three standard above all, accounted for more than 70% of the total tested materials; Crude ash content reached more than one standard. Phosphorus content of Roots-type alfalfa, YLL.10, had obvious advantages over other materials. Calcium content of Monarca SPI12 had obvious advantages over other materials.
Comprehensive comparison of 30 alfalfa materials, the results of the classification score is:Growing characters traits of YL 701, YLU.17, Zhongyuan3, YL.3.8 had obvious advantages; YLL.10 had obvious advantages over other materials in branches, renewable branches, individual green grass yield, considered only from the output, were the materials of high yield; Nutrient of Rhizome type alfalfa, Combination 6, Monarca SPI12, YLL.10, Zhungeer alfalfa, had obvious advantages compared with other materials. The results with initial weighted method is:YL701, YLU.17, YL.3.8, YL.3.8.17, Tianshui Alfalfa have good growing characters. YL701 had high yield, fast-growing rate; Roots-type alfalfa, Monarca SPI12, YLL.10,Combination 6, Zhungeer had high quality. Especially quality of Roots-type alfalfa had obvious advantages. Yield and quality of YL701, YLU.17, YL.3.8, West 8.22, Central Plains 3, were higher than other materials; particular yield and quality of YL701 had obvious advantages,were the material with overall optimum of yield and quality.
引文
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