我国三网融合的多视角解读
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摘要
自从莫尔斯电码、贝尔电话的出现及相关技术的不断革新,人类信息传播发生了巨大改变,并依然在日新月异地发展。近些年,分业经营、分业监管的状况已在逐步地发生转变,电信业遵循着“语音→语音+数据→语音+数据+视频”的演化,广电业沿着“广电视频→广电视频+数据→广电视频+数据+语音”的方向演进。不同的演进轨迹,最终“殊途同归”——走向“网络融合”。随着三网融合的推进,出现了一系列的典型融合新业务,如广电播控与电信固网融合产生了IPTV、广电播控与移动互联网融合产生了手机电视、互联网渠道和广电集成内容融合产生了网络电视等。
2010年初,我国三网融合进入实质性推进阶段,经过近两年的试点工作来看,存在一些影响三网融合发展的因素：行政干预、业务双向准入壁垒、歧视性竞争、共建共享难以实现和缺乏良性盈利模式等影响融合推进的因素。这些因素既有来自三网融合规制不完善的制约,也有缘于技术、信息产业发展现状的限制。现有的研究主要集中在融合障碍、对策分析和国外启示等上,并提出了很多有益的建议,但这些研究偏重于宏观阐述,缺乏微观研究和实证分析。
三网融合模糊了传统的产业边界,原分属于不同产业的行动主体以自身的优势资源进入融合业务领域。若不能很好地解决三网融合面临着体制、市场和技术等问题,三网融合将不易有突破性进展。需要从我国三网融合长远发展规划着眼,微观上理清各行动主体的障碍和目标,既包括企业部门,也包括规制部门；中观上分析企业主体如何竞争、合作,如何共生耦合,实现促进三网融合发展；宏观上研究三网融合的规制政策,既包括融合产业发展政策,也包括分业监管如何实现融合。本文将文献分析、行动者-网络理论分析、合作博弈分析、共生理论分析和制度分析有机结合起来,努力实现理论研究和案例研究的统一、微观与宏观的统一全方位地把握三网融合的全貌,深入考察三网融合的核心问题。
论文的主要研究思路是：尝试从行动者网络视角、共生演化视角、竞合视角和制度视角探讨三网融合,理论分析和案例分析相结合,提出有利于三网融合发展的融合模式和监管机制。将行动者-网络理论引入三网融合研究,构建研究框架,通过行动者网络的组构研究三网融合发展战略和融合模式；思考行动者-网络理论,使其成为三网融合研究范式。借助共生理论研究三网融合企业行动主体的利益分配机制,对引入激励与约束机制的共生耦合机制分析,构建三网融合共生模块框架。应用合作博弈理论分析三网融合中的竞争、合作,借助互补企业知识研究融合新业务的投资、定价等,借助Stackelberg模型探讨三网融合“非对称进入”。借助多元动态博弈理论,寻求三网融合的发展路径。研究国外宽带建设“公私合作”的做法,为我国宽带建设提供启示性建议。
本文内容共分为7章：
第一章绪论。结合我国三网融合现状,概括地介绍了本文的选题背景、目的及意义、研究思路、方法和结构以及主要创新点。
第二章相关理论基础与文献综述。介绍和梳理行动者-网络理论、合作博弈理论、共生理论和制度理论。系统分析三网融合定义、动力、技术、业务、产业和监管等方面的研究现状。三网融合研究总结,并给出当前研究的不足之处。
第三章行动者网络视角解读三网融合。构建三网融合行动者网络分析框架,应用行动者-网络理论分析三网融合发展战略,并以上海市三网融合为例进行发展模式案例研究。提出行动者-网络理论作为三网融合发展理论的研究范式仍需要解决的一些问题。
第四章共生演化视角解读三网融合。借助共生理论研究行动主体的利益分配机制,并分析引入激励与约束机制的共生耦合机制,获得政府优惠和管制措施对三网融合的影响。构建三网融合共生模块框架,研究了三网融合的共生环境,弄清各模块之间的关系。
第五章竞合视角解读三网融合。将合作博弈理论导入三网融合研究,对利益分配、合作机制进行探讨。借助互补企业知识和合作博弈理论对融合新业务的投资、定价等进行分析。运用Stackelberg模型研究三网融合“非对称进入”。
第六章制度视角解读三网融合。研究了监管强度、政策设计需要考虑的问题、规制重构路径选择和对策建议。应用多元动态博弈理论,探寻制度演化规律。研究国外宽带建设“公私合作”的做法,为我国宽带建设提供启示性建议。
第七章结论与展望。
本论文的创新点主要集中在以下几方面：
1、行动者-网络理论视角研究三网融合。结合三网融合的特征与行动者-网络理论的特点,划分内生、外生因素,构建三网融合行动者网络分析框架。应用行动者-网络理论分析三网融合发展战略,并以上海市三网融合为例进行发展模式案例研究。提出行动者-网络理论作为三网融合发展理论的研究范式仍需要解决的一些问题。
2、共生演化视角研究三网融合。针对三网融合的应用,分析共生思想、融合共生系统、共生模式和融合层次化。分无机制约束的共生耦合机制和引入激励与约束机制的共生耦合机制进行研究,研究过程中,采用的分析工具是动态进化博弈理论。创造性地构建三网融合共生模块框架,增强政策建议的针对性。
3、竞合视角研究三网融合。引入合作博弈理论,将理论与融合问题融为一体,对三网融合企业行动主体进行分析。在融合新业务的开展上,将互补概念和合作博弈理论结合起来,获得企业投资、定价的策略选择。借助Stackelberg模型研究三网融合“非对称进入”,提出政策建议。
4、制度视角研究三网融合。从政府规制强度分析、政策设计需要考虑的问题、规制重构的路径选择和具体对策建议四个方面探讨较优监管政策选择。借助制度演变理论,结合多元动态博弈理论,依照三网融合试点工作的特点,构建多元动态博弈模型研究三网融合制度的演进。通过研究国外宽带建设“公私合作”的做法,获得政府角色、合作伙伴选择和合作程序等方面的启示。
With the emergence of Morse code, bell telephone and related technology innovation, human information dissemination changed dramatically, and still is in rapid development. In recent years, the status of the separate operation and supervised respectively have been gradually changing. Telecommunications industry follows the evolution "voice→voice+data→voice+data+video". Radio and television broadcasting follow the evolution "video→video+data→voice+data+video". The different evolution paths finally lead to "network convergence". Along with the advancement of three network convergence, a series of typical fusion new business appears. Such as radio and television broadcast control merge with fixed-line telecommunications produced IPTV, radio and television broadcast and mobile Internet fusion produced mobile TV, Internet channel and integrated content integration of radio, film and television network TV, etc.
In early2010, three network convergence in China entered a substantive stage. After nearly two years of pilot work, there are some factors affecting the development of three network convergence:the administrative intervention, two-way access barriers, discriminatory competition, sharing difficult and lack of positive profit model, etc. The factors influenced fusion propulsion. These factors both come from imperfect of three network convergence's rules, and from the limited technology, information industry development present situation. Existing research mainly focuses on the obstacles and countermeasures analysis and enlightenment on abroad, and puts forward many beneficial Suggestions. But these studies focus on macroscopic and microscopic research and lack empirical analysis.
Three network convergence blurs boundaries of the traditional industry, the original action subject belonging to different industrial own advantage resources into the integration business. If we don't solve the three network convergence faces problems very well such as system, market and technology, it will be difficult for three network convergence to have a breakthrough. Take our three network convergence focus on long-term development planning, clarify the microscopic action subject obstacles and targets, including the corporate sector and regulation departments; Analysis of enterprises how to compete, cooperation and realize the symbiosis coupling in the middle, promote the development of three networks convergence; Study the regulation of policy convergence in macro, including integration of industrial development policy and how to realize the integration of separate supervision. In this paper, the literature analysis, actors-network theory analysis, cooperative game theory, symbiosis theory analysis and system analysis are organic combined. Efforts to achieve the unity of the theoretical research and case study, the unity of the micro and macro, to grasp the outline of three network convergence at the core of three network convergence.
The main research train of the paper is:trying studying three network convergence from actor-network perspective, symbiotic evolutionary perspective, competing perspective and system, and combining theoretical analysis and case analysis, puting forward the fusion of three network convergence development mode and supervision mechanism. Actors-network is pulled into three network convergence research. We construct the research frame, study the convergence of development strategy and model of integration through actor network group, think of actor-network theory and make it become the research paradigm of tri-networks integration. We use symbiosis theory to study the mechanism of the three network convergence enterprise action main body benefit distribution, analysis the symbiotic coupling mechanism into incentive and restraint mechanisms, and construct the three network convergence symbiotic module framework. We use the cooperation game theory to analyze the convergence of competition, cooperation, and study the investment and pricing of integration new business with the help of complementary knowledge. Then we explore "asymmetric entering" of three network convergence with Stackelberg. With the aid of multiple dynamic game theories, we seek the development path of the three network convergence. We study "public-private partnership" of abroad broadband, providing enlightening advice for the construction of our country broadband.
In this paper, the content is divided into seven chapters:
Chapter Ⅰ introduces the status of China's three network convergence, the outline of this article selected topic background, purpose and significance, research ideas, methods and structure and main innovation points.
Chapter Ⅱ combs actors-network theory, the cooperative game theory, symbiosis theory and system theory. The second chapter studied the definition, power system analysis, technology, business, industry and regulatory aspects of research status. The research status of three network convergence is summarized, and the deficiency of current research is given.
Chapter Ⅲ builds the analysis framework of actors network analysis of three network convergence. We analyze the development strategy of three network convergence, and study the development mode of three network convergence with the case study of Shanghai. If Actors-network theory becomes the research paradigm of three network convergence development, there are some problems to be solved.
Chapter Ⅳ uses the interest distribution mechanism symbiosis theory to study the subject of action, analyze the introduction of incentive and constraint mechanism of the symbiotic coupling mechanism, access to government incentives and controls for the influence of the three nets fusion.
Chapter Ⅴ imports cooperative game theory to the study of three network convergence, distribution of interests and the cooperation mechanism were discussed. The new business investment, pricing, etc were analyzed with complementary enterprise knowledge and cooperative game theory. We explore "asymmetric entering" of three network convergence with Stackelberg.
Chapter VI Studies the intensity of regulation, policy design problem to consider, regulation reconstruction path selection and the countermeasures and Suggestions. Application of multiple dynamic game theory, explore system evolution. Study abroad broadband "public-private partnership", for the construction of our country broadband provide enlightening advice.
Chapter Ⅶ conclusions and prospects.
The innovation point of this paper is mainly focused on the following aspects:
1. The actors-network three network convergence theory Angle of view research. Combining with the characteristics of the three network convergence with actors-network theory, divided into endogenous and exogenous factors, establish the analysis frame of the actor three network convergence. Application actors-network theory analysis three network convergence development strategy, and taking Shanghai city as an example to study the integration development mode of case. Actors network theory as the research paradigm of the theory of three network convergence development still need to solve some problems.
2. We study three network convergence in symbiotic evolution. In view of the three network convergence application, analyze and integrate symbiosis symbiotic thought system, integrate symbiotic model and hierarchical fusion. Points without constraint symbiotic coupling mechanism and the incentive and restraint mechanisms of symbiotic coupling mechanism research, research process, USES the analysis tool is the dynamic evolutionary game theory. Creatively to three network convergence symbiosis module framework, strengthen targeted policy recommendations.
3. We blend from cooperative game theory perspective to study the three network convergence. The cooperative game theory is introduced to integrate theory and integration problems, analysis of the three network convergence enterprise action subject. On the fusion of new business, combine complementary concepts and cooperative game theory, enterprise investment, choice of pricing strategy. We explore "asymmetric entering" of three network convergence with Stackelberg, and make policy recommendations.
4. Three network convergence the perspective of system. From government regulation strength analysis, policy design problem to consider refactoring of regulation, path selection and specific countermeasures from four aspects to discuss the optimal regulation policy choices. And system evolution theory, combined with multiple dynamic game theory, according to the characteristics of three net fusions pilot work, build multivariate dynamic game model to study the evolution of three network convergence system. By studying abroad broadband "public-private partnership", achieve government role, partner selection and the revelation of cooperation programs, etc.
2010年初,我国三网融合进入实质性推进阶段,经过近两年的试点工作来看,存在一些影响三网融合发展的因素：行政干预、业务双向准入壁垒、歧视性竞争、共建共享难以实现和缺乏良性盈利模式等影响融合推进的因素。这些因素既有来自三网融合规制不完善的制约,也有缘于技术、信息产业发展现状的限制。现有的研究主要集中在融合障碍、对策分析和国外启示等上,并提出了很多有益的建议,但这些研究偏重于宏观阐述,缺乏微观研究和实证分析。
三网融合模糊了传统的产业边界,原分属于不同产业的行动主体以自身的优势资源进入融合业务领域。若不能很好地解决三网融合面临着体制、市场和技术等问题,三网融合将不易有突破性进展。需要从我国三网融合长远发展规划着眼,微观上理清各行动主体的障碍和目标,既包括企业部门,也包括规制部门；中观上分析企业主体如何竞争、合作,如何共生耦合,实现促进三网融合发展；宏观上研究三网融合的规制政策,既包括融合产业发展政策,也包括分业监管如何实现融合。本文将文献分析、行动者-网络理论分析、合作博弈分析、共生理论分析和制度分析有机结合起来,努力实现理论研究和案例研究的统一、微观与宏观的统一全方位地把握三网融合的全貌,深入考察三网融合的核心问题。
论文的主要研究思路是：尝试从行动者网络视角、共生演化视角、竞合视角和制度视角探讨三网融合,理论分析和案例分析相结合,提出有利于三网融合发展的融合模式和监管机制。将行动者-网络理论引入三网融合研究,构建研究框架,通过行动者网络的组构研究三网融合发展战略和融合模式；思考行动者-网络理论,使其成为三网融合研究范式。借助共生理论研究三网融合企业行动主体的利益分配机制,对引入激励与约束机制的共生耦合机制分析,构建三网融合共生模块框架。应用合作博弈理论分析三网融合中的竞争、合作,借助互补企业知识研究融合新业务的投资、定价等,借助Stackelberg模型探讨三网融合“非对称进入”。借助多元动态博弈理论,寻求三网融合的发展路径。研究国外宽带建设“公私合作”的做法,为我国宽带建设提供启示性建议。
本文内容共分为7章：
第一章绪论。结合我国三网融合现状,概括地介绍了本文的选题背景、目的及意义、研究思路、方法和结构以及主要创新点。
第二章相关理论基础与文献综述。介绍和梳理行动者-网络理论、合作博弈理论、共生理论和制度理论。系统分析三网融合定义、动力、技术、业务、产业和监管等方面的研究现状。三网融合研究总结,并给出当前研究的不足之处。
第三章行动者网络视角解读三网融合。构建三网融合行动者网络分析框架,应用行动者-网络理论分析三网融合发展战略,并以上海市三网融合为例进行发展模式案例研究。提出行动者-网络理论作为三网融合发展理论的研究范式仍需要解决的一些问题。
第四章共生演化视角解读三网融合。借助共生理论研究行动主体的利益分配机制,并分析引入激励与约束机制的共生耦合机制,获得政府优惠和管制措施对三网融合的影响。构建三网融合共生模块框架,研究了三网融合的共生环境,弄清各模块之间的关系。
第五章竞合视角解读三网融合。将合作博弈理论导入三网融合研究,对利益分配、合作机制进行探讨。借助互补企业知识和合作博弈理论对融合新业务的投资、定价等进行分析。运用Stackelberg模型研究三网融合“非对称进入”。
第六章制度视角解读三网融合。研究了监管强度、政策设计需要考虑的问题、规制重构路径选择和对策建议。应用多元动态博弈理论,探寻制度演化规律。研究国外宽带建设“公私合作”的做法,为我国宽带建设提供启示性建议。
第七章结论与展望。
本论文的创新点主要集中在以下几方面：
1、行动者-网络理论视角研究三网融合。结合三网融合的特征与行动者-网络理论的特点,划分内生、外生因素,构建三网融合行动者网络分析框架。应用行动者-网络理论分析三网融合发展战略,并以上海市三网融合为例进行发展模式案例研究。提出行动者-网络理论作为三网融合发展理论的研究范式仍需要解决的一些问题。
2、共生演化视角研究三网融合。针对三网融合的应用,分析共生思想、融合共生系统、共生模式和融合层次化。分无机制约束的共生耦合机制和引入激励与约束机制的共生耦合机制进行研究,研究过程中,采用的分析工具是动态进化博弈理论。创造性地构建三网融合共生模块框架,增强政策建议的针对性。
3、竞合视角研究三网融合。引入合作博弈理论,将理论与融合问题融为一体,对三网融合企业行动主体进行分析。在融合新业务的开展上,将互补概念和合作博弈理论结合起来,获得企业投资、定价的策略选择。借助Stackelberg模型研究三网融合“非对称进入”,提出政策建议。
4、制度视角研究三网融合。从政府规制强度分析、政策设计需要考虑的问题、规制重构的路径选择和具体对策建议四个方面探讨较优监管政策选择。借助制度演变理论,结合多元动态博弈理论,依照三网融合试点工作的特点,构建多元动态博弈模型研究三网融合制度的演进。通过研究国外宽带建设“公私合作”的做法,获得政府角色、合作伙伴选择和合作程序等方面的启示。
With the emergence of Morse code, bell telephone and related technology innovation, human information dissemination changed dramatically, and still is in rapid development. In recent years, the status of the separate operation and supervised respectively have been gradually changing. Telecommunications industry follows the evolution "voice→voice+data→voice+data+video". Radio and television broadcasting follow the evolution "video→video+data→voice+data+video". The different evolution paths finally lead to "network convergence". Along with the advancement of three network convergence, a series of typical fusion new business appears. Such as radio and television broadcast control merge with fixed-line telecommunications produced IPTV, radio and television broadcast and mobile Internet fusion produced mobile TV, Internet channel and integrated content integration of radio, film and television network TV, etc.
In early2010, three network convergence in China entered a substantive stage. After nearly two years of pilot work, there are some factors affecting the development of three network convergence:the administrative intervention, two-way access barriers, discriminatory competition, sharing difficult and lack of positive profit model, etc. The factors influenced fusion propulsion. These factors both come from imperfect of three network convergence's rules, and from the limited technology, information industry development present situation. Existing research mainly focuses on the obstacles and countermeasures analysis and enlightenment on abroad, and puts forward many beneficial Suggestions. But these studies focus on macroscopic and microscopic research and lack empirical analysis.
Three network convergence blurs boundaries of the traditional industry, the original action subject belonging to different industrial own advantage resources into the integration business. If we don't solve the three network convergence faces problems very well such as system, market and technology, it will be difficult for three network convergence to have a breakthrough. Take our three network convergence focus on long-term development planning, clarify the microscopic action subject obstacles and targets, including the corporate sector and regulation departments; Analysis of enterprises how to compete, cooperation and realize the symbiosis coupling in the middle, promote the development of three networks convergence; Study the regulation of policy convergence in macro, including integration of industrial development policy and how to realize the integration of separate supervision. In this paper, the literature analysis, actors-network theory analysis, cooperative game theory, symbiosis theory analysis and system analysis are organic combined. Efforts to achieve the unity of the theoretical research and case study, the unity of the micro and macro, to grasp the outline of three network convergence at the core of three network convergence.
The main research train of the paper is:trying studying three network convergence from actor-network perspective, symbiotic evolutionary perspective, competing perspective and system, and combining theoretical analysis and case analysis, puting forward the fusion of three network convergence development mode and supervision mechanism. Actors-network is pulled into three network convergence research. We construct the research frame, study the convergence of development strategy and model of integration through actor network group, think of actor-network theory and make it become the research paradigm of tri-networks integration. We use symbiosis theory to study the mechanism of the three network convergence enterprise action main body benefit distribution, analysis the symbiotic coupling mechanism into incentive and restraint mechanisms, and construct the three network convergence symbiotic module framework. We use the cooperation game theory to analyze the convergence of competition, cooperation, and study the investment and pricing of integration new business with the help of complementary knowledge. Then we explore "asymmetric entering" of three network convergence with Stackelberg. With the aid of multiple dynamic game theories, we seek the development path of the three network convergence. We study "public-private partnership" of abroad broadband, providing enlightening advice for the construction of our country broadband.
In this paper, the content is divided into seven chapters:
Chapter Ⅰ introduces the status of China's three network convergence, the outline of this article selected topic background, purpose and significance, research ideas, methods and structure and main innovation points.
Chapter Ⅱ combs actors-network theory, the cooperative game theory, symbiosis theory and system theory. The second chapter studied the definition, power system analysis, technology, business, industry and regulatory aspects of research status. The research status of three network convergence is summarized, and the deficiency of current research is given.
Chapter Ⅲ builds the analysis framework of actors network analysis of three network convergence. We analyze the development strategy of three network convergence, and study the development mode of three network convergence with the case study of Shanghai. If Actors-network theory becomes the research paradigm of three network convergence development, there are some problems to be solved.
Chapter Ⅳ uses the interest distribution mechanism symbiosis theory to study the subject of action, analyze the introduction of incentive and constraint mechanism of the symbiotic coupling mechanism, access to government incentives and controls for the influence of the three nets fusion.
Chapter Ⅴ imports cooperative game theory to the study of three network convergence, distribution of interests and the cooperation mechanism were discussed. The new business investment, pricing, etc were analyzed with complementary enterprise knowledge and cooperative game theory. We explore "asymmetric entering" of three network convergence with Stackelberg.
Chapter VI Studies the intensity of regulation, policy design problem to consider, regulation reconstruction path selection and the countermeasures and Suggestions. Application of multiple dynamic game theory, explore system evolution. Study abroad broadband "public-private partnership", for the construction of our country broadband provide enlightening advice.
Chapter Ⅶ conclusions and prospects.
The innovation point of this paper is mainly focused on the following aspects:
1. The actors-network three network convergence theory Angle of view research. Combining with the characteristics of the three network convergence with actors-network theory, divided into endogenous and exogenous factors, establish the analysis frame of the actor three network convergence. Application actors-network theory analysis three network convergence development strategy, and taking Shanghai city as an example to study the integration development mode of case. Actors network theory as the research paradigm of the theory of three network convergence development still need to solve some problems.
2. We study three network convergence in symbiotic evolution. In view of the three network convergence application, analyze and integrate symbiosis symbiotic thought system, integrate symbiotic model and hierarchical fusion. Points without constraint symbiotic coupling mechanism and the incentive and restraint mechanisms of symbiotic coupling mechanism research, research process, USES the analysis tool is the dynamic evolutionary game theory. Creatively to three network convergence symbiosis module framework, strengthen targeted policy recommendations.
3. We blend from cooperative game theory perspective to study the three network convergence. The cooperative game theory is introduced to integrate theory and integration problems, analysis of the three network convergence enterprise action subject. On the fusion of new business, combine complementary concepts and cooperative game theory, enterprise investment, choice of pricing strategy. We explore "asymmetric entering" of three network convergence with Stackelberg, and make policy recommendations.
4. Three network convergence the perspective of system. From government regulation strength analysis, policy design problem to consider refactoring of regulation, path selection and specific countermeasures from four aspects to discuss the optimal regulation policy choices. And system evolution theory, combined with multiple dynamic game theory, according to the characteristics of three net fusions pilot work, build multivariate dynamic game model to study the evolution of three network convergence system. By studying abroad broadband "public-private partnership", achieve government role, partner selection and the revelation of cooperation programs, etc.
引文
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