北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统的探讨
|
摘要
近年来,中国的城市经济得到了突飞猛进的发展,城市内的货运总量急剧增加,导致部分交通设施的超负荷运转,交通堵塞和交通污染问题也越来越严重。尤其是北京,其交通问题已成为各方关注的焦点问题之一。但是由于北京市可用于修建道路的土地资源越来越有限,若不采取有效措施,必将导致城市交通环境的继续恶化。建设城市地下货物运输系统,将一部分地上的货物运输转移至地下,无疑是一个值得探讨和研究的方向。
在这种背景下,本文对北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统进行了探讨,主要包括以下几个方面:城市地下货物运输系统的概述、北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统的需求分析、可行性分析以及对解决北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统障碍的建议等。通过分析,本文认为,虽然在北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统还存在着一些不可忽视的障碍,但是由于在北京市建设这一系统有着可观的经济、环境等效益,加上可采取一些措施来解决或部分解决相关障碍,因此,在北京市建设城市地下货物运输系统仍然是可行的。但是,有一点必须说明的是,若真正在北京建设城市地下货物运输系统,则需要考虑更多的实际因素,以及更详尽及确凿的论证。
In recent years, China’s economy has advanced rapidly. The amount of freight transported in a city, especially in Beijing, has increased dramatically. That results in very serious traffic jam and pollution. The traffic problem has become a focus in Beijing. But there is very limited land for building roads in the city, and if there isn’t any effective way to solve traffic problem, the development of economy will deteriorate the traffic situation. Developing an underground freight transportation system (UFTS) in Beijing to transfer the freight transportation from ground to underground, will be a worthy discussion and research.
The theme of this paper is to discuss developing UFTS in Beijing, mainly including the following parts: summarization of UFTS, demand and feasibility analysis of developing UFTS in Beijing, suggestions that how to remove the obstacles of constructing an UFTS. After these analyses, it come the result. Although there are many obstacles that can’t be ignored, it is still feasible to develop an UFTS in Beijing because of huge economic, environmental and other benefits brought by this system and some effective ways to remove the obstacles. However, when put this system into real practice, it needs more consideration and demonstration.
在这种背景下,本文对北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统进行了探讨,主要包括以下几个方面:城市地下货物运输系统的概述、北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统的需求分析、可行性分析以及对解决北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统障碍的建议等。通过分析,本文认为,虽然在北京市发展城市地下货物运输系统还存在着一些不可忽视的障碍,但是由于在北京市建设这一系统有着可观的经济、环境等效益,加上可采取一些措施来解决或部分解决相关障碍,因此,在北京市建设城市地下货物运输系统仍然是可行的。但是,有一点必须说明的是,若真正在北京建设城市地下货物运输系统,则需要考虑更多的实际因素,以及更详尽及确凿的论证。
In recent years, China’s economy has advanced rapidly. The amount of freight transported in a city, especially in Beijing, has increased dramatically. That results in very serious traffic jam and pollution. The traffic problem has become a focus in Beijing. But there is very limited land for building roads in the city, and if there isn’t any effective way to solve traffic problem, the development of economy will deteriorate the traffic situation. Developing an underground freight transportation system (UFTS) in Beijing to transfer the freight transportation from ground to underground, will be a worthy discussion and research.
The theme of this paper is to discuss developing UFTS in Beijing, mainly including the following parts: summarization of UFTS, demand and feasibility analysis of developing UFTS in Beijing, suggestions that how to remove the obstacles of constructing an UFTS. After these analyses, it come the result. Although there are many obstacles that can’t be ignored, it is still feasible to develop an UFTS in Beijing because of huge economic, environmental and other benefits brought by this system and some effective ways to remove the obstacles. However, when put this system into real practice, it needs more consideration and demonstration.
引文
1聂小方、田聿新,《新兴的城市地下物流系统》,《综合运输》,2004 年 9 月
2《2006 年北京统计年鉴》
3陈志龙、郭东军,《第五类运输和供应系统-北京建设地下物流系统的战略构想》,维普资讯网
4《2006 年北京统计年鉴》
5陈志龙、郭东军,《第五类运输和供应系统-北京建设地下物流系统的战略构想》,维普资讯网
6《2006 年北京统计年鉴》
7《北京首次绿色 GDP 核算:一年因污染损失 116 亿》,北京环保局
8《北京首次绿色 GDP 核算:一年因污染损失 116 亿》,北京环保局
9《地下给你自由与空间——中国工程院钱七虎院士谈物流与运输革命》,
10《北京开发地下物流系统的需求分析》,< www.e3356.com >(访问时间:2007 年 3 月 10 日)
11由于我国没有该系统的实例,因此以下假设及部分数据参考了 2004 年 Henry Liu 和 Charles W. Lenau 完成的由纽约能源研究开发处发起的项目报告“Technical and Economic Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in Major Cities” 中所做的相关假设
12本图参考了 2004 年 Henry Liu 和 Charles W. Lenau 完成的由纽约能源研究开发处发起的项目报告“Technical and Economic Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in Major Cities” 中的设计
13本图参考了 2004 年 Henry Liu 和 Charles W. Lenau 完成的由纽约能源研究开发处发起的项目报告“Technical and Economic Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in Major Cities” 中设计
14《北京开发地下物流系统的需求分析》,< www.e3356.com >(访问时间:2007 年 4 月 21 日)
15陈志龙、郭东军,《第五类运输和供应系统-北京建设地下物流系统的战略构想》,维普资讯网
16 < www.nanning.gov.cn >
17《2006 年北京统计年鉴》
18 蒋明倬,《北京地下城揭秘:数千公里排水管道遭暴雨考验》,大洋网(访问时间:2007 年 4 月 08 日)
19 刘彦妤责编,《北京更新地下管道不再“开膛破肚”》,(访问时间:2007 年 4 月 08 日)
20朱振海,《关于推动我市风能发电技术产业化的建议》,< www.bast.net.cn >(访问时间:2007 年 4 月 21 日)
1. 钱七虎,《建设特大城市地下快速路和地下物流系统-解决中国特大城市交通问题的新思路》,《科技导报》,2004 年 4 月
2. 马祖军,《城市地下物流系统及其设计》,《物流技术》,2004 年第 10 期
3. 郭东军、陈志龙、钱七虎,《发展北京地下物流系统初探》,《地下空间与工程学报》,2005 年 2 月
4. 聂小方、田聿新,《新兴的城市地下物流系统》,《综合运输》,2004 年 9月
5. 郭东军、陈志龙、钱七虎,《关于缓解北京市交通堵塞问题的探讨-城市地下物流系统》,《现代隧道技术》,2004 年增刊
6. 黄履珺,《城市交通拥堵问题的全新应对方案》,《交通企业管理》,2004年第 4 期
7. 张敏、杨超、杨珺,《发达国家地下物流系统的比较与借鉴》,《物流技术》,2005 年第 3 期
8. 张明聚、钱七虎、唐劼，《现代地下货物运输系统的研究与进展》，《北京工业大学学报》,2005 年第 31 卷第 6 期
9. 黄欧龙、陈志龙、郭东军,《城市地下物流系统网络规划初探》,《物流技术与应用》,2005 年第 6 期
10. Calyx,《德国的地下物流》,《成功营销》,2005 年第 5 期
11. 陈志龙、王玉北,《城市地下空间规划》,东南大学出版社,2005 年 1月
12. 陈志龙、郭东军,《第五类运输和供应系统-北京建设地下物流系统的战略构想》,维普资讯网
13. 《北京首次绿色 GDP 核算:一年因污染损失 116 亿》,北京环保局
14. 《地下给你自由与空间——中国工程院钱七虎院士谈物流与运输革命》,
15. 蒋明倬,《北京地下城揭秘:数千公里排水管道遭暴雨考验》,大洋网
16. 刘彦妤责编,《北京更新地下管道不再“开膛破肚” 》,
17. 《北京开发地下物流系统的需求分析》,< www.e3356.com >
18. 朱振海,《关于推动我市风能发电技术产业化的建议》,< www.bast.net.cn >
19. Henry Liu, Sanai Kosugi, “Use of Pneumatic Capsule Pipeline for Underground Tunneling”, 12th International Symposium on Freight Pipelines, Sep.2004
20. Henry Liu, Charles W. Lenau, “An Advanced Electromagnetic Capsule Pipeline System for Conveying Minerals and Mine Wastes”, 4th International Symposium on Underground Freight Transport, Oct.2005
21. Matthieu van der Heijden, Mark Ebben, Noud Gademann, and Aart van Harten, “Scheduling Vehicles in Automated Transportation Systems”, Spectrum, Springer-Verlag 2002
22. L.Ma, Msc, “Integrated Environmental Impact Modelling for Urban Freight Transport”, TRAIL Research School, Delft, Dec.1999
23. Henry Liu, Charles W. Lenau, “Technical and Economic Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in Major Cities”
24. Joseph L. Foszcz, “Building Successful Containment Piping”, Plant Engineering, Mar 2005
25. M. C. van der Heijden, A. van Harten, M. J. R. Ebben 等,”Using Simulation to Design an Automated Underground System for Transporting Freight Around Schiphol Airport”, Interfaces, Jul/Aug 2002
26. Henry Liu, “Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in New York City: Lessons Learned and Implications to Other Major Cities in the World”, 4th International Symposium on Underground Freight Transport, Oct.2005
27. I. E. Zevgolis, A. A. Mavrikos, and D. C. Kaliampakos. “Construction, Storage Capacity and Economics of An Underground Warehousing-logistics Center in Athens Greece”, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 19, No. 2, Mar.2004
28. Jasper Willigers, Bert van Wee, “Environmental Impact of Underground Freight Transport”, Towards better performing transport networks
29. Henry Liu, “Transporting Freight Containers by Pneumatic Capsule Pipeline(PCP) Port Security and Other Issues”, Summer Meeting of U.S. Transportation Research Board, July 2006
30. Ben-Jaap Pielage, “Underground Freight Transportation -A new development for automated freight transportation systems in the Netherlands.”
31. Yiyuan Zhao、Thomas S. Lundgren,“Characteristics of A Freight Pipeline Transportation System”,University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
32. Cory, S. A., “The Nature of Linear Induction Motors”, Machine Design , August 23, 1984, pp. 111 - 113
33. Kosugi, S. “A Capsule Pipeline System for Limestone Transportation”,
7th International Symposium on Freight Pipelines, 1992
34. Rodrigues, M. , Maia, B. , Mello, L. S. , Pontes, M. , “Cellular Coverage in Underground Transport Systems: a case study - the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan”, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2002
35 O. N. Makarow, S. N. Vlasov, “Modern city: Underground Transport systems”, World Tunnel Congress'99 Oslo/Norway/31 May - 3 June 1999
36.Volkhard Nobis, “Safety in Underground Transport Systems Thanks to Smoke Extraction Systems from ThyssenKrupp HiServ”, Forum - Technische Mitteilungen ThyssenKrupp,Dec. 2002, P59-62
37. E. Horvat, “Underground Transport of Goods Through Tubes”, 18th International Society for Trenchless Technology International Conference & Exhibition, Oct. 2000
2《2006 年北京统计年鉴》
3陈志龙、郭东军,《第五类运输和供应系统-北京建设地下物流系统的战略构想》,维普资讯网
4《2006 年北京统计年鉴》
5陈志龙、郭东军,《第五类运输和供应系统-北京建设地下物流系统的战略构想》,维普资讯网
6《2006 年北京统计年鉴》
7《北京首次绿色 GDP 核算:一年因污染损失 116 亿》,北京环保局
8《北京首次绿色 GDP 核算:一年因污染损失 116 亿》,北京环保局
9《地下给你自由与空间——中国工程院钱七虎院士谈物流与运输革命》,
10《北京开发地下物流系统的需求分析》,< www.e3356.com >(访问时间:2007 年 3 月 10 日)
11由于我国没有该系统的实例,因此以下假设及部分数据参考了 2004 年 Henry Liu 和 Charles W. Lenau 完成的由纽约能源研究开发处发起的项目报告“Technical and Economic Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in Major Cities” 中所做的相关假设
12本图参考了 2004 年 Henry Liu 和 Charles W. Lenau 完成的由纽约能源研究开发处发起的项目报告“Technical and Economic Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in Major Cities” 中的设计
13本图参考了 2004 年 Henry Liu 和 Charles W. Lenau 完成的由纽约能源研究开发处发起的项目报告“Technical and Economic Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in Major Cities” 中设计
14《北京开发地下物流系统的需求分析》,< www.e3356.com >(访问时间:2007 年 4 月 21 日)
15陈志龙、郭东军,《第五类运输和供应系统-北京建设地下物流系统的战略构想》,维普资讯网
16 < www.nanning.gov.cn >
17《2006 年北京统计年鉴》
18 蒋明倬,《北京地下城揭秘:数千公里排水管道遭暴雨考验》,大洋网(访问时间:2007 年 4 月 08 日)
19 刘彦妤责编,《北京更新地下管道不再“开膛破肚”》,
20朱振海,《关于推动我市风能发电技术产业化的建议》,< www.bast.net.cn >(访问时间:2007 年 4 月 21 日)
1. 钱七虎,《建设特大城市地下快速路和地下物流系统-解决中国特大城市交通问题的新思路》,《科技导报》,2004 年 4 月
2. 马祖军,《城市地下物流系统及其设计》,《物流技术》,2004 年第 10 期
3. 郭东军、陈志龙、钱七虎,《发展北京地下物流系统初探》,《地下空间与工程学报》,2005 年 2 月
4. 聂小方、田聿新,《新兴的城市地下物流系统》,《综合运输》,2004 年 9月
5. 郭东军、陈志龙、钱七虎,《关于缓解北京市交通堵塞问题的探讨-城市地下物流系统》,《现代隧道技术》,2004 年增刊
6. 黄履珺,《城市交通拥堵问题的全新应对方案》,《交通企业管理》,2004年第 4 期
7. 张敏、杨超、杨珺,《发达国家地下物流系统的比较与借鉴》,《物流技术》,2005 年第 3 期
8. 张明聚、钱七虎、唐劼，《现代地下货物运输系统的研究与进展》，《北京工业大学学报》,2005 年第 31 卷第 6 期
9. 黄欧龙、陈志龙、郭东军,《城市地下物流系统网络规划初探》,《物流技术与应用》,2005 年第 6 期
10. Calyx,《德国的地下物流》,《成功营销》,2005 年第 5 期
11. 陈志龙、王玉北,《城市地下空间规划》,东南大学出版社,2005 年 1月
12. 陈志龙、郭东军,《第五类运输和供应系统-北京建设地下物流系统的战略构想》,维普资讯网
13. 《北京首次绿色 GDP 核算:一年因污染损失 116 亿》,北京环保局
14. 《地下给你自由与空间——中国工程院钱七虎院士谈物流与运输革命》,
15. 蒋明倬,《北京地下城揭秘:数千公里排水管道遭暴雨考验》,大洋网
16. 刘彦妤责编,《北京更新地下管道不再“开膛破肚” 》,
17. 《北京开发地下物流系统的需求分析》,< www.e3356.com >
18. 朱振海,《关于推动我市风能发电技术产业化的建议》,< www.bast.net.cn >
19. Henry Liu, Sanai Kosugi, “Use of Pneumatic Capsule Pipeline for Underground Tunneling”, 12th International Symposium on Freight Pipelines, Sep.2004
20. Henry Liu, Charles W. Lenau, “An Advanced Electromagnetic Capsule Pipeline System for Conveying Minerals and Mine Wastes”, 4th International Symposium on Underground Freight Transport, Oct.2005
21. Matthieu van der Heijden, Mark Ebben, Noud Gademann, and Aart van Harten, “Scheduling Vehicles in Automated Transportation Systems”, Spectrum, Springer-Verlag 2002
22. L.Ma, Msc, “Integrated Environmental Impact Modelling for Urban Freight Transport”, TRAIL Research School, Delft, Dec.1999
23. Henry Liu, Charles W. Lenau, “Technical and Economic Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in Major Cities”
24. Joseph L. Foszcz, “Building Successful Containment Piping”, Plant Engineering, Mar 2005
25. M. C. van der Heijden, A. van Harten, M. J. R. Ebben 等,”Using Simulation to Design an Automated Underground System for Transporting Freight Around Schiphol Airport”, Interfaces, Jul/Aug 2002
26. Henry Liu, “Feasibility of Underground Freight Transport in New York City: Lessons Learned and Implications to Other Major Cities in the World”, 4th International Symposium on Underground Freight Transport, Oct.2005
27. I. E. Zevgolis, A. A. Mavrikos, and D. C. Kaliampakos. “Construction, Storage Capacity and Economics of An Underground Warehousing-logistics Center in Athens Greece”, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 19, No. 2, Mar.2004
28. Jasper Willigers, Bert van Wee, “Environmental Impact of Underground Freight Transport”, Towards better performing transport networks
29. Henry Liu, “Transporting Freight Containers by Pneumatic Capsule Pipeline(PCP) Port Security and Other Issues”, Summer Meeting of U.S. Transportation Research Board, July 2006
30. Ben-Jaap Pielage, “Underground Freight Transportation -A new development for automated freight transportation systems in the Netherlands.”
31. Yiyuan Zhao、Thomas S. Lundgren,“Characteristics of A Freight Pipeline Transportation System”,University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
32. Cory, S. A., “The Nature of Linear Induction Motors”, Machine Design , August 23, 1984, pp. 111 - 113
33. Kosugi, S. “A Capsule Pipeline System for Limestone Transportation”,
7th International Symposium on Freight Pipelines, 1992
34. Rodrigues, M. , Maia, B. , Mello, L. S. , Pontes, M. , “Cellular Coverage in Underground Transport Systems: a case study - the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan”, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2002
35 O. N. Makarow, S. N. Vlasov, “Modern city: Underground Transport systems”, World Tunnel Congress'99 Oslo/Norway/31 May - 3 June 1999
36.Volkhard Nobis, “Safety in Underground Transport Systems Thanks to Smoke Extraction Systems from ThyssenKrupp HiServ”, Forum - Technische Mitteilungen ThyssenKrupp,Dec. 2002, P59-62
37. E. Horvat, “Underground Transport of Goods Through Tubes”, 18th International Society for Trenchless Technology International Conference & Exhibition, Oct. 2000