第三代移动通信AMR声码器的研究与开发
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摘要
AMR语音编解码标准是3GPP提出的第三代移动通信系统W-CDMA的语音编解码标准。本文主要对AMR语音编解码算法进行了分析和研究。在此基础上，描述了一种较为先进的大型DSP系统程序开发策略，并以此为指导思想，以美国TI公司C6000DSP开发平台开发出了整个AMR解码器单元的系统程序。论文对AMR解码器的误码隐藏处理单元进行了重点分析，针对原有算法合成语音自然度不好的缺点，论文研究了将谱外推法应用到AMR算法中外推出声道模型反射系数参数进行误码消除处理。最后，文章分析了现有移动通信中的回波抵消算法，针对不同的算法和算法中的不同参数，研究了它们在工程应用中的计算量，并进行了回波抵消效果的的仿真。
AMR speech coder is a new speech coder recommendation produced by 3 GPP using on the 3rd generation mobile communication system W-CDMA.This paper mainly deal with the algorithms of AMR speech coder. On the basis of the study on the speech coder algorithms,paper describe an advanced method of developing DSP system software,and as the guidlines ,we developed the programme of whole decoder unit.Paper stress on analysis of the ECU in decoder unit.Aiming at AMR algorithms disadvantage of angularity of synthetical speech, Paper study on the specutral extrapolation which apply to extrapolate reflect coefficient of track model to make error conceal processing of AMR.At last paper analyze existing echo cancellation algorithms using on mobile communication system. According to different algorithms and different parameters .Paper analyze the efficiency of algorithms , and simulate the echo cancellation result.
AMR speech coder is a new speech coder recommendation produced by 3 GPP using on the 3rd generation mobile communication system W-CDMA.This paper mainly deal with the algorithms of AMR speech coder. On the basis of the study on the speech coder algorithms,paper describe an advanced method of developing DSP system software,and as the guidlines ,we developed the programme of whole decoder unit.Paper stress on analysis of the ECU in decoder unit.Aiming at AMR algorithms disadvantage of angularity of synthetical speech, Paper study on the specutral extrapolation which apply to extrapolate reflect coefficient of track model to make error conceal processing of AMR.At last paper analyze existing echo cancellation algorithms using on mobile communication system. According to different algorithms and different parameters .Paper analyze the efficiency of algorithms , and simulate the echo cancellation result.
引文
[1]“数字信号处理”[美] 奥本海默
[2]“语音信号数字处理” 杨行俊，迟惠生 北京 电子工业出版社 1992
[3]“数字通信” [美] Jhhn proakis Mcaraw Hill
[4]黄永峰，IP电话网关中回声消除器的实现通信技术。2000年第2期总第109期
[5]刘志勇等，一种高质量8kb／s ACELP语音编码算法及其实时实现．电子学报，1997，25(7)
[6]唐昆等，高质量4-8kb／s变速率有限状态机ACELP语音编码算法研究，电子学报，2000，1
[7]"Watkins C R,Chen J H. Improving 16b/s G..728 LD-CELP speech coder for frame erasure channels. Proc of ICASSP, 1995,1:241-244
[8]Husain A,cuperman V. Reconstruction of missing packets for CELP-based speech coders. Proc of ICASSP, 1995,1245-248
[9]Husain A,V, Cuperman,"classification and Spectral Extrapolaton based Packet Reconstructio for Low-Delay Speech Coding,Proc IEEE Globecom Conf, San Fransisco,November 1994
[10]3GS 26.091: "AMR Speech Codec; Error Concealment of Lost Frames.
[11]3G TS 26.093: "AMR Speech Codec; Source Controlled Rate operation".
[12]3G TS 26.073: "AMR Speech Codec; ANSI-C code"
[13]3G TS 26.101: "AMR Speech Codec; Frame Structure"
[14]PAULO, DINIZ S R。Adaptive fltering:Algorithms and practical implementation[M].Klvwer Academic Publishers, 1997
[15]Jelena Nikolc.Associate Technical staff:Implementing a Line_Echo Canceller Using the Bock Update and Nlms Algorithms on the TMS320C54x DSP
[16]General Characterisitcs of internatonal Telephone Connections and International Telephone Circuits-Echo canceller-ITU-T Recommendation G. 165 03/93
[17]"Echo cancel for TMS320C54" TI instrument application report BPRA054.pdf
[18]Dvid Messerschmitt" Digital Echo Canceller with TMS320C20" TI application report spra129.pdf
[19]Morrison,"Introduction to Sequentioal Smooth-ing and Prediction", McGraw-Hill,New York 1969
[20]V. Margo,Detter,"Multiple Short-Length Adaptive Filters for Time-Varying Echo
cancellation Proc,of ICASSP,VOL,1,
[21] G.jacovitti,G,Scarano,"Discrete Time techniques for Time Delay Estimation",Ieee,Transactions on Signal Processing ,Vol,41
[22] Adoul J.P.,Mabilleau P.Fast CELP coding based on algebraic codes Proc IC AS SP, 1987
[2]“语音信号数字处理” 杨行俊，迟惠生 北京 电子工业出版社 1992
[3]“数字通信” [美] Jhhn proakis Mcaraw Hill
[4]黄永峰，IP电话网关中回声消除器的实现通信技术。2000年第2期总第109期
[5]刘志勇等，一种高质量8kb／s ACELP语音编码算法及其实时实现．电子学报，1997，25(7)
[6]唐昆等，高质量4-8kb／s变速率有限状态机ACELP语音编码算法研究，电子学报，2000，1
[7]"Watkins C R,Chen J H. Improving 16b/s G..728 LD-CELP speech coder for frame erasure channels. Proc of ICASSP, 1995,1:241-244
[8]Husain A,cuperman V. Reconstruction of missing packets for CELP-based speech coders. Proc of ICASSP, 1995,1245-248
[9]Husain A,V, Cuperman,"classification and Spectral Extrapolaton based Packet Reconstructio for Low-Delay Speech Coding,Proc IEEE Globecom Conf, San Fransisco,November 1994
[10]3GS 26.091: "AMR Speech Codec; Error Concealment of Lost Frames.
[11]3G TS 26.093: "AMR Speech Codec; Source Controlled Rate operation".
[12]3G TS 26.073: "AMR Speech Codec; ANSI-C code"
[13]3G TS 26.101: "AMR Speech Codec; Frame Structure"
[14]PAULO, DINIZ S R。Adaptive fltering:Algorithms and practical implementation[M].Klvwer Academic Publishers, 1997
[15]Jelena Nikolc.Associate Technical staff:Implementing a Line_Echo Canceller Using the Bock Update and Nlms Algorithms on the TMS320C54x DSP
[16]General Characterisitcs of internatonal Telephone Connections and International Telephone Circuits-Echo canceller-ITU-T Recommendation G. 165 03/93
[17]"Echo cancel for TMS320C54" TI instrument application report BPRA054.pdf
[18]Dvid Messerschmitt" Digital Echo Canceller with TMS320C20" TI application report spra129.pdf
[19]Morrison,"Introduction to Sequentioal Smooth-ing and Prediction", McGraw-Hill,New York 1969
[20]V. Margo,Detter,"Multiple Short-Length Adaptive Filters for Time-Varying Echo
cancellation Proc,of ICASSP,VOL,1,
[21] G.jacovitti,G,Scarano,"Discrete Time techniques for Time Delay Estimation",Ieee,Transactions on Signal Processing ,Vol,41
[22] Adoul J.P.,Mabilleau P.Fast CELP coding based on algebraic codes Proc IC AS SP, 1987