鱼骨型分支水平井钻井技术
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摘要
辽河油田经过四十余年的开发,已处于开发中后期,利用水平井等复杂结构井钻井技术提高采收率是目前有效的产稳产手段,鱼骨型分支水平井技术是在水平井、分支井技术成熟应用的基础上,延伸、发展起来的一项新型钻完井技术。其技术内涵是根据油藏特征设计井眼,并进行井眼的空间展布,有效增加了油层的裸露面积,提高油藏最终采收率,是目前先进的油气井钻井新技术之一。
鱼骨型分支水平井技术是一个集油藏、钻完井、泥浆等技术于一体的系统工程。它包括了从地质到钻井、从完井到油田化学等一系列攻关难点。针对鱼骨型分支水平井施工特点,从研究剩余油分布入手,通过优化地质设计,工程设计,实施过程中优化井眼轨迹控制,总结出先上后下,主分井眼交替实施的轨迹实施工艺技术,提出悬空侧钻、复合井眼侧钻等轨迹施工方案,为鱼骨型分支水平井的有效实施提供了技术保障。通过钻井液体系,完井方式的优选,并最终形成了适合辽河地区稠油、稀油、高凝油地层特点的鱼骨型分支水平井钻完井方法。从实施效果情况看,鱼骨型分支水平井成本略高于水平井,但产量是邻井的1.6～8.87倍,有效动用了难采难动用储量,降低了水平井综合开发成本。并在辽河、新疆等油区得到推广,钻井技术达到成熟推广程度,推动了国内同类技术的发展。
Liaohe Oilfield has developed for forty years, which has been mid- late in development, the use of horizontal well and other complex structures drilling technology is stable and effective means to enhance oil recovery . herringbone type branching horizontal well technology is a new type of drilling and completion technology based on the mature application of horizontal wells and branch wells technology,. The technical content is based on the reservoir characteristics to design wellbore and distribution of boreholes, effectively increase the exposed area of the reservoir and improve the ultimate recovery, it is one of the advanced technology of oil-gas drilling .
Herringbone type branching horizontal well technology is a systems engineering include reservoir, drilling and completion, mud and so on. It also includes a series of research difficulties from the geology to the drilling, completion to the oilfield chemistry. according to its construction features, start with the research of remaining oil distribution , optimize the borehole trajectory control by optimizing the geological design, engineering design, implementation process, summarize the trajectory of the implementation technology , which is up the first , the main sub-hole alternate implementation , put in the trajectory construction program ,for example vacant side of the drilling, composite side drilling. it provide technical support to effectively implement for herringbone type branching horizontal well . Through the drilling fluid system, the preferred completion method and eventually form the herringbone horizontal well drilling and completion methods to cater formation characteristics of Liaohe such as heavy oil, light oil, high pour point . herringbone slightly higher than the cost of horizontal well from the implementation of the situation, but the yield is 1.6 ~ 8.87 times more the latter, adopt effectively the reserves of hard use, reducing the cost of comprehensive development of horizontal wells. And Liaohe, Xinjiang oilfeild have been applied if , the promotion of drilling technology has reached maturity level, and promoted the domestic development of similar technologies .
鱼骨型分支水平井技术是一个集油藏、钻完井、泥浆等技术于一体的系统工程。它包括了从地质到钻井、从完井到油田化学等一系列攻关难点。针对鱼骨型分支水平井施工特点,从研究剩余油分布入手,通过优化地质设计,工程设计,实施过程中优化井眼轨迹控制,总结出先上后下,主分井眼交替实施的轨迹实施工艺技术,提出悬空侧钻、复合井眼侧钻等轨迹施工方案,为鱼骨型分支水平井的有效实施提供了技术保障。通过钻井液体系,完井方式的优选,并最终形成了适合辽河地区稠油、稀油、高凝油地层特点的鱼骨型分支水平井钻完井方法。从实施效果情况看,鱼骨型分支水平井成本略高于水平井,但产量是邻井的1.6～8.87倍,有效动用了难采难动用储量,降低了水平井综合开发成本。并在辽河、新疆等油区得到推广,钻井技术达到成熟推广程度,推动了国内同类技术的发展。
Liaohe Oilfield has developed for forty years, which has been mid- late in development, the use of horizontal well and other complex structures drilling technology is stable and effective means to enhance oil recovery . herringbone type branching horizontal well technology is a new type of drilling and completion technology based on the mature application of horizontal wells and branch wells technology,. The technical content is based on the reservoir characteristics to design wellbore and distribution of boreholes, effectively increase the exposed area of the reservoir and improve the ultimate recovery, it is one of the advanced technology of oil-gas drilling .
Herringbone type branching horizontal well technology is a systems engineering include reservoir, drilling and completion, mud and so on. It also includes a series of research difficulties from the geology to the drilling, completion to the oilfield chemistry. according to its construction features, start with the research of remaining oil distribution , optimize the borehole trajectory control by optimizing the geological design, engineering design, implementation process, summarize the trajectory of the implementation technology , which is up the first , the main sub-hole alternate implementation , put in the trajectory construction program ,for example vacant side of the drilling, composite side drilling. it provide technical support to effectively implement for herringbone type branching horizontal well . Through the drilling fluid system, the preferred completion method and eventually form the herringbone horizontal well drilling and completion methods to cater formation characteristics of Liaohe such as heavy oil, light oil, high pour point . herringbone slightly higher than the cost of horizontal well from the implementation of the situation, but the yield is 1.6 ~ 8.87 times more the latter, adopt effectively the reserves of hard use, reducing the cost of comprehensive development of horizontal wells. And Liaohe, Xinjiang oilfeild have been applied if , the promotion of drilling technology has reached maturity level, and promoted the domestic development of similar technologies .
引文
[1]耿应春,韩来聚,王爱国,等.胜利油田CB26B2ZP1鱼骨状水平分支井钻井技术[ J] .石油钻探技术, 2007, 35( 5) : 52~54.
[2]王正湖,唐志军,王敏生,等.国内第一口分支水平井钻井技术[ J ] .石油钻探技术, 2001, 29( 1) : 7~9.
[3]安克,王敏生.胜利油田分支井钻井技术现状及展望[ J ] .石油钻探技术, 2003, 31( 6) : 7~9.
[4]林晶,王新,宋朝晖.新疆油田浅层稠油鱼骨型分支水平井技术[ J] .石油钻探技术, 2007, 35( 2) : 11~14.
[5]王新,宋朝晖,李晓军,等.新疆油田LuHW310Z双分支水平井钻井技术[ J] .石油钻探技术, 2009, 37( 5) : 118~120.
[6]郑毅,黄伟和,鲜保安.国外分支井技术发展综述[ J] .石油钻探技术, 1997, 25( 4): 54~57.
[7]崔海林,唐洪林,闫振来,等.鱼骨状水平分支井建352支平1井钻井技术[ J] .石油钻探技术, 2010, 38( 2) : 23~27.
[8]王敏生,唐志军,马凤清.分支水平井完井设计与实践[J],石油钻探技术,2003,2(105):59~61.
[9]张义堂,张朝晖.国外稠油低成本开采新技术[M].中国石油学会石油工程学会.2001年度年会,2002,6:368~374. .
[10]刘想平,张兆顺,崔贵香,等.鱼骨型分支井向井流动关系[J3.石油学报,2000,21(6);57~60.
[11]范玉平,韩国庆,杨长春.鱼骨井成能预测及分支井形态优化[J3.石油学报,2006,27(4):101~104.
[12]彭贤强,吴晓东.鱼骨刺井井网单元特征研究[J3.新疆石油地质,2006,27(36):313~315.
[13]梁大川,等.煤岩坍塌的特殊性及钻井液对策[J].西南石油学院学报,2002,24(6).
[14]鲍清英,鲜保安.我国煤层气多分支井钻井技术可行性研究[J].天然气工业,2004年5月.
[15]黄洪春.煤层气钻井及煤层保护新技术研究,中国煤层气地质评价与勘探技术新进展[M].中国矿业大学出版社,2001.11.
[16]汝大军,等,二连油田吉尔嘎朗图凹陷煤层钻井技术,油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室第三次国际学术会议论文集。2004年l0月.
[17]杨松.多分支井再进入导向技术[J].石油知识,2002(4).
[18]张松杰.TK908DH双分支水平井钻井技术[c].钻井承包商论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2007.
[19]王志勇.鱼骨型分支水平井在克拉玛依油田的应用[c].钻井承包商论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2007.
[20]蒋希文.钻井事故与复杂问题[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[21]张春阳,皇焕阁,安文忠.渤海稠油油田水平分支井钻井完井技术[J].石油钻探技术,2004,(5):l6~l9.
[22]姜伟.加拿大稠油开发技术现状及我国渤海稠油开发新技术应用思考[J].中国海上油气,2006,(2):123~l25.
[23]王光颖.多分支井钻井技术综述与最新进展[J].海洋石油,2006,(3):100~104.
[24]皇甫洁,等.分支水平井完井技术在胜利油田的应用[J].石油机械,2002,(6):47~48.
[25]王力,等.分支井技术具有广阔的应用前景[J].西部探矿工程,2001,(6):67~68.
[26]程林松,李春兰,郎兆新等.分支水平井产能的研究.石油学报,1995,16(2):49~55
[27]王卫红.分支水平井产能研究.石油钻采工艺,1997,19(4):53~57
[28]王卫红,苏彦春.分支水平井产能的计算.石油学报,1998,19(31:89~92
[29]蒋廷学.多分枝水平井稳态产能研究.特种油气藏,2000,7(3):14~l7
[30]冯文光.油气渗流力学基础.北京:科学出版社,2007
[31]齐成伟.环形裂缝群激发的渗流场之复分析.内蒙古石油化工.2009.35(21):39~40
[32]郎兆新.油气地下渗流力学.东营:石油大学出版社,2001
[33]Joshi,s.D.Augmentation of Well Productivity With Slant and Horizontal Wells.Journal ofPetroleum Technology,1988,40(6):729~739
[34]烈勇箸.冷41断块边底水稠油油藏油井出本判别方法浅析册.特种油气藏,2003,10(S1):50~52.
[35]塔雷克,艾哈迈德,冉再权[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002年,402~404.
[36]L.P.这客,阎建华[M].北京:石油工业出版社。2003:54~59.
[37]凌建军等.蒸汽吞吐阶段的“汽窜”现象实质研究fJ].江汉石油学院学报,1996,3(1),18.
[38]张古昌等.辽河稠油油藏边底水控制技术研究[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(2),73.
[39]魏尚武等.吐哈彭地红连边底水油藏高效开发实践于认识[J].特种油气藏,2004,1l(5),56.
[40]张雄中.水平井在齐604块薄层稠油热采中的应用[U].特种油气藏,2008,3,49.
[41]孙红军.欢127边水区水平井挖潜部署,辽河油田勘探开发优秀论文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2005,210~214.
[2]王正湖,唐志军,王敏生,等.国内第一口分支水平井钻井技术[ J ] .石油钻探技术, 2001, 29( 1) : 7~9.
[3]安克,王敏生.胜利油田分支井钻井技术现状及展望[ J ] .石油钻探技术, 2003, 31( 6) : 7~9.
[4]林晶,王新,宋朝晖.新疆油田浅层稠油鱼骨型分支水平井技术[ J] .石油钻探技术, 2007, 35( 2) : 11~14.
[5]王新,宋朝晖,李晓军,等.新疆油田LuHW310Z双分支水平井钻井技术[ J] .石油钻探技术, 2009, 37( 5) : 118~120.
[6]郑毅,黄伟和,鲜保安.国外分支井技术发展综述[ J] .石油钻探技术, 1997, 25( 4): 54~57.
[7]崔海林,唐洪林,闫振来,等.鱼骨状水平分支井建352支平1井钻井技术[ J] .石油钻探技术, 2010, 38( 2) : 23~27.
[8]王敏生,唐志军,马凤清.分支水平井完井设计与实践[J],石油钻探技术,2003,2(105):59~61.
[9]张义堂,张朝晖.国外稠油低成本开采新技术[M].中国石油学会石油工程学会.2001年度年会,2002,6:368~374. .
[10]刘想平,张兆顺,崔贵香,等.鱼骨型分支井向井流动关系[J3.石油学报,2000,21(6);57~60.
[11]范玉平,韩国庆,杨长春.鱼骨井成能预测及分支井形态优化[J3.石油学报,2006,27(4):101~104.
[12]彭贤强,吴晓东.鱼骨刺井井网单元特征研究[J3.新疆石油地质,2006,27(36):313~315.
[13]梁大川,等.煤岩坍塌的特殊性及钻井液对策[J].西南石油学院学报,2002,24(6).
[14]鲍清英,鲜保安.我国煤层气多分支井钻井技术可行性研究[J].天然气工业,2004年5月.
[15]黄洪春.煤层气钻井及煤层保护新技术研究,中国煤层气地质评价与勘探技术新进展[M].中国矿业大学出版社,2001.11.
[16]汝大军,等,二连油田吉尔嘎朗图凹陷煤层钻井技术,油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室第三次国际学术会议论文集。2004年l0月.
[17]杨松.多分支井再进入导向技术[J].石油知识,2002(4).
[18]张松杰.TK908DH双分支水平井钻井技术[c].钻井承包商论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2007.
[19]王志勇.鱼骨型分支水平井在克拉玛依油田的应用[c].钻井承包商论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2007.
[20]蒋希文.钻井事故与复杂问题[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[21]张春阳,皇焕阁,安文忠.渤海稠油油田水平分支井钻井完井技术[J].石油钻探技术,2004,(5):l6~l9.
[22]姜伟.加拿大稠油开发技术现状及我国渤海稠油开发新技术应用思考[J].中国海上油气,2006,(2):123~l25.
[23]王光颖.多分支井钻井技术综述与最新进展[J].海洋石油,2006,(3):100~104.
[24]皇甫洁,等.分支水平井完井技术在胜利油田的应用[J].石油机械,2002,(6):47~48.
[25]王力,等.分支井技术具有广阔的应用前景[J].西部探矿工程,2001,(6):67~68.
[26]程林松,李春兰,郎兆新等.分支水平井产能的研究.石油学报,1995,16(2):49~55
[27]王卫红.分支水平井产能研究.石油钻采工艺,1997,19(4):53~57
[28]王卫红,苏彦春.分支水平井产能的计算.石油学报,1998,19(31:89~92
[29]蒋廷学.多分枝水平井稳态产能研究.特种油气藏,2000,7(3):14~l7
[30]冯文光.油气渗流力学基础.北京:科学出版社,2007
[31]齐成伟.环形裂缝群激发的渗流场之复分析.内蒙古石油化工.2009.35(21):39~40
[32]郎兆新.油气地下渗流力学.东营:石油大学出版社,2001
[33]Joshi,s.D.Augmentation of Well Productivity With Slant and Horizontal Wells.Journal ofPetroleum Technology,1988,40(6):729~739
[34]烈勇箸.冷41断块边底水稠油油藏油井出本判别方法浅析册.特种油气藏,2003,10(S1):50~52.
[35]塔雷克,艾哈迈德,冉再权[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002年,402~404.
[36]L.P.这客,阎建华[M].北京:石油工业出版社。2003:54~59.
[37]凌建军等.蒸汽吞吐阶段的“汽窜”现象实质研究fJ].江汉石油学院学报,1996,3(1),18.
[38]张古昌等.辽河稠油油藏边底水控制技术研究[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(2),73.
[39]魏尚武等.吐哈彭地红连边底水油藏高效开发实践于认识[J].特种油气藏,2004,1l(5),56.
[40]张雄中.水平井在齐604块薄层稠油热采中的应用[U].特种油气藏,2008,3,49.
[41]孙红军.欢127边水区水平井挖潜部署,辽河油田勘探开发优秀论文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2005,210~214.