RFID技术在国内连锁零售企业中应用的技术经济研究
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摘要
为了提升自己的竞争力,国内许多连锁零售企业开始积极地关注RFID技术的发展,其中一些企业甚至已经开始应用该项技术,但是由于RFID技术本身还存在着成本过高,技术标准不统一等问题,RFID技术对国内连锁零售企业来说,既是一个提高竞争力契机,同时也是一项挑战。如果国内连锁零售企业盲目应用RFID技术很可能不仅不能从中获益,甚至可能出现亏损,因此,在运用RFID技术时,国内连锁零售企业应该遵循一定的方法和策略,不能盲目的追赶潮流,否则很可能出现得不偿失的局面。本文在结合国内连锁零售企业的特点的基础上,对国内连锁企业应用RFID技术进行了研究,希望能为决策者提供决策参考。
论文第一章对课题研究的背景、意义以及国内外研究现状作了概述,并指出论文的研究思路与方法;第二章在综述连锁零售企业的基础上分析了国内连锁零售企业信息化现状以及所存在的问题,指出RFID技术的应用是满足现代连锁零售企业信息化发展的需求。通过阐述RFID技术对国内连锁零售企业信息化建设的贡献,揭示了对该技术应用研究的必要性;第三章在结合新技术应用策略以及国内连锁零售企业现状的基础上,论文提出了国内连锁零售企业导入RFID技术的策略方法;投资收益是每个企业决策者最关心的问题,论文第四章根据现阶段RFID技术在国内连锁零售企业应用中的一些特点,分别分析了国内连锁零售企业应用RFID技术的成本和收益并建立了成本收益模型,同时列举了连锁零售企业应用RFID技术的成功案例并进行了简单的分析;为了检验RFID技术在连锁零售企业的应用效果,本文第五章依据综合评价的相关原则,建立了RFID技术应用效果的评价指标体系,并量化各项指标值,为国内连锁零售企业检验RFID技术的应用效果,找出现有系统中的不足以至改进整个系统提供了思路。
本文致力于通过对国内连锁零售企业和RFID技术的特点、应用RFID技术的成本与收益以及RFID技术应用后的评价指标体系的研究,找出一套适合我国的连锁零售商应用RFID技术的方法,对促进国内连锁零售企业科学应用RFID技术具有一定的理论和现实意义。
In order to promote competition, many domestic retailers paied attention to the development of RFID technology positively; some of them even applied this technology into practice. Although it was an emerging and advanced device, the technology also exist some problems such as high cost and different standards, for domestic retailers, RFID means not only a chance for improve their competition but also a challenge. If retailers use the technology blindly, it is possible that it can't obtain benefit, so it is useful for civil retailers to follow certain strategies to apply this technology. Analyzed the characteristics of domestic retailers and conducted deep research about RFID technology, this paper try to provide some suggestions for domestic retailers.
The background had been introduced in the first paragraph, based on relevant literatures, the method and thought of this paper had also been pointed out; The problems of current information construction of domestic retails was pointed out in the second paragraph, through interpreting the contribution of RFE) technology, the paper released that it necessary to study the application of this technology; The tactical method of applying RFID in domestic retails be proposed in the third paragraph; according to the characteristics of current domestic retails, a cost-benefit model was built, based on RFID technology application, in the forth paragraph. Meanwhile, the paper also list some successful examples to demonstrate it; in order to test the result of RFID technology, a series evaluation indexes architecture have been established in the fifth paragraph, that is useful for domestic chain-like retail to find system problems and offer a thought for improvement.
The paper devotes to find a principle which is suitable for domestic retails to apply RFID technology through deep study about the characteristics of retails and RFID, provided a thought for chain-like retail to resolve ineffective information and face high competitive environment. Meanwhile, the paper has academic and realistic meaning for prompting the application of RFID in domestic retail.
论文第一章对课题研究的背景、意义以及国内外研究现状作了概述,并指出论文的研究思路与方法;第二章在综述连锁零售企业的基础上分析了国内连锁零售企业信息化现状以及所存在的问题,指出RFID技术的应用是满足现代连锁零售企业信息化发展的需求。通过阐述RFID技术对国内连锁零售企业信息化建设的贡献,揭示了对该技术应用研究的必要性;第三章在结合新技术应用策略以及国内连锁零售企业现状的基础上,论文提出了国内连锁零售企业导入RFID技术的策略方法;投资收益是每个企业决策者最关心的问题,论文第四章根据现阶段RFID技术在国内连锁零售企业应用中的一些特点,分别分析了国内连锁零售企业应用RFID技术的成本和收益并建立了成本收益模型,同时列举了连锁零售企业应用RFID技术的成功案例并进行了简单的分析;为了检验RFID技术在连锁零售企业的应用效果,本文第五章依据综合评价的相关原则,建立了RFID技术应用效果的评价指标体系,并量化各项指标值,为国内连锁零售企业检验RFID技术的应用效果,找出现有系统中的不足以至改进整个系统提供了思路。
本文致力于通过对国内连锁零售企业和RFID技术的特点、应用RFID技术的成本与收益以及RFID技术应用后的评价指标体系的研究,找出一套适合我国的连锁零售商应用RFID技术的方法,对促进国内连锁零售企业科学应用RFID技术具有一定的理论和现实意义。
In order to promote competition, many domestic retailers paied attention to the development of RFID technology positively; some of them even applied this technology into practice. Although it was an emerging and advanced device, the technology also exist some problems such as high cost and different standards, for domestic retailers, RFID means not only a chance for improve their competition but also a challenge. If retailers use the technology blindly, it is possible that it can't obtain benefit, so it is useful for civil retailers to follow certain strategies to apply this technology. Analyzed the characteristics of domestic retailers and conducted deep research about RFID technology, this paper try to provide some suggestions for domestic retailers.
The background had been introduced in the first paragraph, based on relevant literatures, the method and thought of this paper had also been pointed out; The problems of current information construction of domestic retails was pointed out in the second paragraph, through interpreting the contribution of RFE) technology, the paper released that it necessary to study the application of this technology; The tactical method of applying RFID in domestic retails be proposed in the third paragraph; according to the characteristics of current domestic retails, a cost-benefit model was built, based on RFID technology application, in the forth paragraph. Meanwhile, the paper also list some successful examples to demonstrate it; in order to test the result of RFID technology, a series evaluation indexes architecture have been established in the fifth paragraph, that is useful for domestic chain-like retail to find system problems and offer a thought for improvement.
The paper devotes to find a principle which is suitable for domestic retails to apply RFID technology through deep study about the characteristics of retails and RFID, provided a thought for chain-like retail to resolve ineffective information and face high competitive environment. Meanwhile, the paper has academic and realistic meaning for prompting the application of RFID in domestic retail.
引文
[1]中国经贸.RFID市场商机乍现,2010年将达3000亿美元.2005.11
[2]商平.RFID的“三段论”.中国商报.2005.3
[3]易观国际.中国RFID市场发展专题报告.2005
[4]金国斌.RFID商业化成本究竟有多大?[J].智能识别.2004(2);50-52
[5]Tuttle,J.R.Traditional and emerging technologies and applications in the radio frequency identification(RFID)industry[J],paper presented at the IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits(RFIC)Symposium,(1997)pp.5-8.
[6]Smith A.D.Exploring radio frequency identification technology and its impact on business systems[J].Information Management and Computer Security.2005(13);16-28.
[7]Karkkainen M.Increasing efficiency in the supply chain for short shelf life goods using RFID tagging[J].International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management.2003(31);529-546.
[8]Riabtsev,A.,Zakopailo,I.,Piletsky,U.Irinarhov,V.,Goncharov,V.,Istratov,V.,Barcovsky,A.,The versatile RFID system[J].Proceedings of the Third Russian-Korean International Symposium on Science and Technology.1999(2);709-741
[9]Kern,C.Radio-frequency-identification for security and media circulation in libraries[J].The Electronic Library,2004(22);317-324.
[10]Andy Robson.Tracking RTI in Retail;Hidden Ingredient to ROI[J],RFID Journal Live Europe,2005(23);178-208
[11]Paul Stam de Jonge.Making Waves;RFID Adoption in Returnable Packaging[J].RFID Benchmark study.2004;30-38
[12]吴彦浚 陈嘉祥.RFID在CVS物流中心应用与效益评估[J].2004台湾商管与资讯研讨会,2004
[13]Joseph Gagnon.In pursuit of comparative advantage;Retail goes on demand.Available at http;//www-03.ibm.com/Industries
[14]George Roussos,anos Kourouthanasis.Designing Appliances for mobile commerce and retailtainment. http;//www.dcs.bbk.ac.uk/gr/pdf/lad,pdf,2005
[15]John Curtin,Robert J.Kauffman,Frederick J.Riggins.Making the "MOST out of RFID technology;a research agenda for the study of the adoption,usage and impact of RFID.http;//misrc.umn.edu/workingpapers/fullPapers/2005/0505_031505.pdf,2005
[16]Gary M.Gaukler.RFID in Supply Chain Management[D].Doctor dissertation of Stanford university.2005
[17]菲利普·科特勒.市场营销管理[M].北京;中国商业出版社,1997
[18]姚林.现代流通论[M].北京;中国经济出版社,1995
[19]姚钟华.国际零售管理[M].北京;中国商业出版社,1999
[20]徐印州.零售连锁经营[M].广东;广东经济出版社,2004
[21]刘雪鹏.中国零售企业物流配送实证研究[D].对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文.2003
[22]范存军.我国连锁零售企业物流配送现状及发展对策研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2006
[23]上海现代物流人才培训中心编著.现代物流管理[M].上海人民出版社 2002
[24]王琳.RFID中国投资的可行性研究[D].上海交通大学硕士学位论文.2006,2
[25]万莹.RFID技术PK条形码[J].中国物流与采购.2005(23);28-29
[26]射频识别技术网;www.rfidinfo.com.cn
[27]游战清 李苏剑.无线射频识别技术(RFID)理论与应用[M].北京;电子上业出版社,2004
[28]韩宇鑫.物流成本测算与控制模式[J].企业改革与管理.2003(8);38-39
[29]现代物流管理课题组.运输与配送管理[M].广东经济出版社,2002
[30]Cachon G,M.Fisher.Supply Chain inventory Management and the Value of Shared information[J],management Science.2000(46);8-32
[31]王小敏.基于RFID技术的库存管理系统研究[D].对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文.2006
[32]孙光付.RFID及其在物流配送中的应用.华中科技大学硕士学位论文.2006
[32]萧荣兴 王伟如 苏伟仁.RFID应用案例介绍[J].电子商务导航.2004,6(15);1-9
[33]UPS;A framework for developing an RFID and Auto--ID strategy.Available at http;//www.Ups-scs.com/solutions/white_papers/wp_RFID_Auto_ID.pdf,2005
[34]周晓恺.基于RFID技术的连锁零售业自动识别信息系统研究与实现[D].东华大学硕士学位论文.2006
[35]罗兰贝格中国公司.中国商品缺货研究.http;//www.rolandberger.com.cn/pdf/rb_press/public/RBStock20040701.pdf,2003
[36]戴定一.RFID三大影响因素;成本、标准、需求[J].信息周刊.2005(10);4
[37]RFID世界网.RFID电子标签价格之战.http;//www.rfidworld.com.cn/news/2005/9-30/8215.html
[38]张李义 范如国.电子商务的成本—效益构成与分析[J].科技进步与对策.2001(4);145-147
[39]谢家平 陈荣秋.产品回收处理逆向物流的成本—收益分析模型[M].中国流通经济.2003(1);25-28
[40]李长青 方自远 王春梅.供应链成本效益模型分析[J].内蒙古工业大学学报.2003(12);45-48
[41]Vigilant.tv.Benetton RFID tags;won't be disabled at checkout,available at;http;//vigilant.tv/article/2947,http;//www.Analysys.com.cn.2005
[42]刘莹.RFID技术原理及其应用分析[J].中央民族大学学报(自然科学版).2006,(04)
[43]Jiang-Liang Hou,Chih-Hao Huang.Quantitative performance evaluation of RFID applications in the supply chain of the printing industry[J].Industrial Management & Data Systems.2006(106);96-120
[44]Larry Shutzberg.Radio Frequency Identification(RFID)In the Consumer Goods Supply Chain;Mandated Compliance or Remarkable Innovation[M].Rock-term Company,2004.
[45]Patrick J.Sweeney.RFID for Dummies.Wiley Publishing Inc.
[46]射频识别技术网.沃尔玛RFID试点店应用研究报告.www.rfidinfo.com.cn
[47]郑光财.连锁企业物流管理[M].北京;电子工业出版社.2005
[48]易海燕 叶怀珍.连锁超市配送中心物流绩效的模糊综合评价[[J].交通标准化.2004(11);44-47
[49]姜大元.连锁零售企业物流系统规划[D].西南交通大学硕士研究生论文.2005
[50]张敏 黄中鼎.物流运输管理[M].上海;上海财经出版社.2004
[51]张海燕.连锁企业的配送管理[M].北京;中国物资出版社.2002
[52]郝渊晓.现代物流配送管理[M].广州;中山大学出版社.2002.
[2]商平.RFID的“三段论”.中国商报.2005.3
[3]易观国际.中国RFID市场发展专题报告.2005
[4]金国斌.RFID商业化成本究竟有多大?[J].智能识别.2004(2);50-52
[5]Tuttle,J.R.Traditional and emerging technologies and applications in the radio frequency identification(RFID)industry[J],paper presented at the IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits(RFIC)Symposium,(1997)pp.5-8.
[6]Smith A.D.Exploring radio frequency identification technology and its impact on business systems[J].Information Management and Computer Security.2005(13);16-28.
[7]Karkkainen M.Increasing efficiency in the supply chain for short shelf life goods using RFID tagging[J].International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management.2003(31);529-546.
[8]Riabtsev,A.,Zakopailo,I.,Piletsky,U.Irinarhov,V.,Goncharov,V.,Istratov,V.,Barcovsky,A.,The versatile RFID system[J].Proceedings of the Third Russian-Korean International Symposium on Science and Technology.1999(2);709-741
[9]Kern,C.Radio-frequency-identification for security and media circulation in libraries[J].The Electronic Library,2004(22);317-324.
[10]Andy Robson.Tracking RTI in Retail;Hidden Ingredient to ROI[J],RFID Journal Live Europe,2005(23);178-208
[11]Paul Stam de Jonge.Making Waves;RFID Adoption in Returnable Packaging[J].RFID Benchmark study.2004;30-38
[12]吴彦浚 陈嘉祥.RFID在CVS物流中心应用与效益评估[J].2004台湾商管与资讯研讨会,2004
[13]Joseph Gagnon.In pursuit of comparative advantage;Retail goes on demand.Available at http;//www-03.ibm.com/Industries
[14]George Roussos,anos Kourouthanasis.Designing Appliances for mobile commerce and retailtainment. http;//www.dcs.bbk.ac.uk/gr/pdf/lad,pdf,2005
[15]John Curtin,Robert J.Kauffman,Frederick J.Riggins.Making the "MOST out of RFID technology;a research agenda for the study of the adoption,usage and impact of RFID.http;//misrc.umn.edu/workingpapers/fullPapers/2005/0505_031505.pdf,2005
[16]Gary M.Gaukler.RFID in Supply Chain Management[D].Doctor dissertation of Stanford university.2005
[17]菲利普·科特勒.市场营销管理[M].北京;中国商业出版社,1997
[18]姚林.现代流通论[M].北京;中国经济出版社,1995
[19]姚钟华.国际零售管理[M].北京;中国商业出版社,1999
[20]徐印州.零售连锁经营[M].广东;广东经济出版社,2004
[21]刘雪鹏.中国零售企业物流配送实证研究[D].对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文.2003
[22]范存军.我国连锁零售企业物流配送现状及发展对策研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2006
[23]上海现代物流人才培训中心编著.现代物流管理[M].上海人民出版社 2002
[24]王琳.RFID中国投资的可行性研究[D].上海交通大学硕士学位论文.2006,2
[25]万莹.RFID技术PK条形码[J].中国物流与采购.2005(23);28-29
[26]射频识别技术网;www.rfidinfo.com.cn
[27]游战清 李苏剑.无线射频识别技术(RFID)理论与应用[M].北京;电子上业出版社,2004
[28]韩宇鑫.物流成本测算与控制模式[J].企业改革与管理.2003(8);38-39
[29]现代物流管理课题组.运输与配送管理[M].广东经济出版社,2002
[30]Cachon G,M.Fisher.Supply Chain inventory Management and the Value of Shared information[J],management Science.2000(46);8-32
[31]王小敏.基于RFID技术的库存管理系统研究[D].对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文.2006
[32]孙光付.RFID及其在物流配送中的应用.华中科技大学硕士学位论文.2006
[32]萧荣兴 王伟如 苏伟仁.RFID应用案例介绍[J].电子商务导航.2004,6(15);1-9
[33]UPS;A framework for developing an RFID and Auto--ID strategy.Available at http;//www.Ups-scs.com/solutions/white_papers/wp_RFID_Auto_ID.pdf,2005
[34]周晓恺.基于RFID技术的连锁零售业自动识别信息系统研究与实现[D].东华大学硕士学位论文.2006
[35]罗兰贝格中国公司.中国商品缺货研究.http;//www.rolandberger.com.cn/pdf/rb_press/public/RBStock20040701.pdf,2003
[36]戴定一.RFID三大影响因素;成本、标准、需求[J].信息周刊.2005(10);4
[37]RFID世界网.RFID电子标签价格之战.http;//www.rfidworld.com.cn/news/2005/9-30/8215.html
[38]张李义 范如国.电子商务的成本—效益构成与分析[J].科技进步与对策.2001(4);145-147
[39]谢家平 陈荣秋.产品回收处理逆向物流的成本—收益分析模型[M].中国流通经济.2003(1);25-28
[40]李长青 方自远 王春梅.供应链成本效益模型分析[J].内蒙古工业大学学报.2003(12);45-48
[41]Vigilant.tv.Benetton RFID tags;won't be disabled at checkout,available at;http;//vigilant.tv/article/2947,http;//www.Analysys.com.cn.2005
[42]刘莹.RFID技术原理及其应用分析[J].中央民族大学学报(自然科学版).2006,(04)
[43]Jiang-Liang Hou,Chih-Hao Huang.Quantitative performance evaluation of RFID applications in the supply chain of the printing industry[J].Industrial Management & Data Systems.2006(106);96-120
[44]Larry Shutzberg.Radio Frequency Identification(RFID)In the Consumer Goods Supply Chain;Mandated Compliance or Remarkable Innovation[M].Rock-term Company,2004.
[45]Patrick J.Sweeney.RFID for Dummies.Wiley Publishing Inc.
[46]射频识别技术网.沃尔玛RFID试点店应用研究报告.www.rfidinfo.com.cn
[47]郑光财.连锁企业物流管理[M].北京;电子工业出版社.2005
[48]易海燕 叶怀珍.连锁超市配送中心物流绩效的模糊综合评价[[J].交通标准化.2004(11);44-47
[49]姜大元.连锁零售企业物流系统规划[D].西南交通大学硕士研究生论文.2005
[50]张敏 黄中鼎.物流运输管理[M].上海;上海财经出版社.2004
[51]张海燕.连锁企业的配送管理[M].北京;中国物资出版社.2002
[52]郝渊晓.现代物流配送管理[M].广州;中山大学出版社.2002.