垂直管内TFE/NMP部分膜状冷凝热质传递过程的数值模拟研究
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摘要
本文在分析垂直管内TFE／NMP双组分部分膜状冷凝过程特点的基础上，建立了部分膜状冷凝过程热质传递的物理模型和数学模型。采用冷凝度的方法对该数学模型进行求解，得出了汽相的浓度分布和温度分布，界面处浓度分布、温度分布和传质速率分布，以及汽相和液相的传热系数分布。同时，也得出了进口流量、进口温度、进口浓度、体系压力、冷却壁温和管径等参数对垂直管内部分膜状冷凝过程参数分布的影响规律。通过对计算结果(?)进行分析，得出了相应的结论。
本文对双组分部分膜状冷凝传热传质过程的结论，可以为垂直管的合理使用提供一定的参考依据，也可以为多组分部分膜状冷凝过程的研究提供可借鉴的思路和方法。
In this paper, a physical model- and a mathematic model describing the simultaneous heat and mass transfer in a partial film with binary(TFE/NMP) vapor condensation had been set up on the basis of detailed analyses of the features of condensation process . To solve the mathematic equations , the method based on condensation degree was used. The distributions of temperature, concentration and mass flux on the film surface; of temperature and concentration in the vapor ; of heat transfer coefficient in the vapor and in the liquid were obtained by applying the model in the flow field. The effects of the flow rate, the inlet temperature , the inlet concentration and the system pressure, the temperature of cooling wall and the radius on the features of condensation process with binary(TFE/NMP) vapor were gained. Some related conclusions had been drawn from these calculated data disposed.
These theoretical conclusions summarized by the author can provide some referable guides to the reasonable applications of the vertical tube, also thoughtfulness and method could be made use of during studies on the process of multi-component vapor partial film condensation.
本文对双组分部分膜状冷凝传热传质过程的结论，可以为垂直管的合理使用提供一定的参考依据，也可以为多组分部分膜状冷凝过程的研究提供可借鉴的思路和方法。
In this paper, a physical model- and a mathematic model describing the simultaneous heat and mass transfer in a partial film with binary(TFE/NMP) vapor condensation had been set up on the basis of detailed analyses of the features of condensation process . To solve the mathematic equations , the method based on condensation degree was used. The distributions of temperature, concentration and mass flux on the film surface; of temperature and concentration in the vapor ; of heat transfer coefficient in the vapor and in the liquid were obtained by applying the model in the flow field. The effects of the flow rate, the inlet temperature , the inlet concentration and the system pressure, the temperature of cooling wall and the radius on the features of condensation process with binary(TFE/NMP) vapor were gained. Some related conclusions had been drawn from these calculated data disposed.
These theoretical conclusions summarized by the author can provide some referable guides to the reasonable applications of the vertical tube, also thoughtfulness and method could be made use of during studies on the process of multi-component vapor partial film condensation.
引文
[1]高田秋一(著)、耿惠彬译 吸收式制冷机，机械工业出版社，1987
[2]茅以惠 余国和 吸收式与蒸汽喷射式制冷机，机械工业出版社，1985
[3]徐士鸣 余热制冷循环分析及热经济最优化设计研究，博士论文，1996
[4]Norio Sawada, Takao Tanaka, and Katsuyuki Mashimo DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC WORKING FLUIDS AND APPLICATION SYSTEMS, International Absorption Heat Pump Conference, pp: 315～320, AES—Vol. 31, ASME 1993
[5]Xu shiming~*, Liu Yangli, Zhang Lisong Performance research of regenerated absorption heat transformer cycle using TFE-NMP as working fluids, International Journal of refrigeration24 (2001) PP: 510～518
[6]K.A. ANTONOPOULOS ABSORPTION PANCEL COLING USING A TFE-NMP MIXTURE, Heat Recovery&CHP Vol. 12, No. 3, PP: 203～210,1992
[7]李海军 沈胜强 合理开发和利用低品位能的重要意义，2000大连第3届可持续发展战略国际会议论文集，2000．6．7，pp：257～260
[8]S.Jeong, B.H. Kang and S.W. Karng DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF AN ABSORPTION HEAT PUMP EOR RECOVERING LOWGRADE, WASTE HEAT Applied. Thermal Engineering, VOL: 18, pp: 1～12, 1998
[9]B.H. Kang, C.S. Lee and Y.L. Kim System design and performance analysis of an absorption heat pump transformer for waste heat recovery, Proc. Of Absorption Heat Pump Conf. 91. Tokyo. Japanese Association of Refrigeration, pp: 327～332(1991)
[10]RCG/Hagler, Bailly, Imco: "Opportunities for industrial chemical heat pumps in process industries", Final Report Prepared for the US DOE Office of Industrial Technologies August 2 1990
[11]龙惟定 从美国加州电力危机引起的思考，制冷与空调，PP：1～6，Vol．1，No．4，2001．8
[12]旷玉辉 王如竹 太阳能利用技术在我国建筑节能中的应用与展望，制冷与空调，PP：27～34，Vol．1，No．4，2001．8
[13]徐士鸣 吸收式制冷循环及制冷工质研究进展(Ⅱ)——新型吸收式制冷工质系，流体机械，1999．3：pp：52～57
[14] 陈曙明 陈光明等 吸收式制冷工质的发展，制冷学报，1998． 2:pp:45-52
[15] Rohsenow, W. M. , Heat Transfer and Temperature Distribution in Laminar Film Condensation, Trans, ASME. Vol 78, pp: 1645-1648, 1956
[16] Sparrow, E. M. , J. L. Gregg, A Boundary Layer Treatment of Laminar Film Condensation, J. Heat Transfer, C, Vol.81, pp: 13-18, 1959
[17] Yang, K. T. , Laminar Film Condensation on a Vertical Non-Isothermal Plate, J. Appl, Mech. Vol.33, pp: 203-205, 1986
[18] J. Bell, M. A. Chaly, An approximate generalized design method for multicomponent partial condensers, AICHE J. Symp. Ser. 69, pp: 72-79, 1973
[19] A. Burghardt, M. Lipowska, A computational design method for binary mixture condensation, Inz. Chem. Proc. (in polish)3, pp: 499-522, 1982
[20] A. Taitel, A. Tamir, Film condensation of multicomponent mixture, Int. J. Mutiphase Flow 1, pp: 669-714, 1971
[21] A. Tamir, J. C. Merchuk, Verification of a theoretical model for multicomponent condensation, Chem. Eng. J. 17, pp: 125-139, 1979
[22] Christian Monninga×, Rainer Numrichb, Condensation of vapours of immiscible liqulids in the presence of a non-condensable gas, Int. J. Therm. Sci. (1999) 38, pp: 684-694
[23] Krzysztof Warmuzinski, Grazyna Bartelmus, Marek Berezowski, Modeling of countercurrent partial condensers for light hydrocarbon streams containing hydrogen, Chemical Engineering and Processing , pp: 389-403, v 37 n 5 Sep 1998
[24] J. KELLENBENZ and E. HAHNE, Condensation of pure vapours and binary vapour mixtures in forced flow, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, pp: 1269-1276, v 37 n 8 Oct 1994
[25] Kaiping. P, Renz.U, Thermal diffusion effects in turbulent partial condensation, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, pp: 2629-2639, v 34 n 10 Oct 1991
[26] M. Mosaad, Combined free and forced convection laminar film condensation on inclined circular tube with isothermal surface, International Journal of Heat and Transfer , pp: 4017～4025, v42 (1999)
[27] C.-H. Hsu, S.-A. Yang~×, Pressure gradient and variable wall temperatureeffects during filmwise condensation from download flowing vopors onto a horizontal tube, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer42 (1999) 2419～2426
[28] F. Mendez~a, J.J. Lizardi~b, C. Trevino~(b,*), Laminar film condensation along a vertical fin, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer43 (2000) 2859～2868
[29] S. Thumm, Ch. Philipp, U. Gross~×, Film condensation of water inavertical tube with countercurrent vapour flow, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 44(2001) pp: 4245～4256
[30] Tilmann W Botsch, Karl Stephan, A model to describe the steady-state and dynamic behavior of vertical condensers fed by mixture, Rev Gen Therm, pp: 481～491, v36 1997
[31] T.W. Botsch, K. Stephan Condensation of multicomponent mixtures in a vertical tube theoretical analysis and numerical solution, Heat and Technology , pp: 79～86, v14 n 2 1996
[32] 李平 修国华 林载祁 水蒸汽在蛇管内分层流膜状冷凝，高校化学工程学报，pp：236～241，No．3 Vol．12 1998．9
[33] 潘阳 顾文斌 垂直管内汽—液两相间传质及界面对冷凝过程的影响，华东工业大学学报，pp：93～101，No．2 Vol．17 1995
[34] 刘志刚等工程热物理性质计算程序的编制与应用，科学出版社
[35] 化学工程手册10，化学工业出版社，pp：89
[36] 化学工程手册第一篇，化学工业出版社
[37] 杨强生 对流传质与传热，教育出版社，pp：330，1985
[38] 姚昭章 化工热力学，冶金工业出版社，1992
[39] 俞佐平 传热学(第二版)，高等教育出版社，pp：180，1988
[40]、Wong, H.Y, Heat transfer for Engineers, Longman Inc, 1977
[2]茅以惠 余国和 吸收式与蒸汽喷射式制冷机，机械工业出版社，1985
[3]徐士鸣 余热制冷循环分析及热经济最优化设计研究，博士论文，1996
[4]Norio Sawada, Takao Tanaka, and Katsuyuki Mashimo DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC WORKING FLUIDS AND APPLICATION SYSTEMS, International Absorption Heat Pump Conference, pp: 315～320, AES—Vol. 31, ASME 1993
[5]Xu shiming~*, Liu Yangli, Zhang Lisong Performance research of regenerated absorption heat transformer cycle using TFE-NMP as working fluids, International Journal of refrigeration24 (2001) PP: 510～518
[6]K.A. ANTONOPOULOS ABSORPTION PANCEL COLING USING A TFE-NMP MIXTURE, Heat Recovery&CHP Vol. 12, No. 3, PP: 203～210,1992
[7]李海军 沈胜强 合理开发和利用低品位能的重要意义，2000大连第3届可持续发展战略国际会议论文集，2000．6．7，pp：257～260
[8]S.Jeong, B.H. Kang and S.W. Karng DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF AN ABSORPTION HEAT PUMP EOR RECOVERING LOWGRADE, WASTE HEAT Applied. Thermal Engineering, VOL: 18, pp: 1～12, 1998
[9]B.H. Kang, C.S. Lee and Y.L. Kim System design and performance analysis of an absorption heat pump transformer for waste heat recovery, Proc. Of Absorption Heat Pump Conf. 91. Tokyo. Japanese Association of Refrigeration, pp: 327～332(1991)
[10]RCG/Hagler, Bailly, Imco: "Opportunities for industrial chemical heat pumps in process industries", Final Report Prepared for the US DOE Office of Industrial Technologies August 2 1990
[11]龙惟定 从美国加州电力危机引起的思考，制冷与空调，PP：1～6，Vol．1，No．4，2001．8
[12]旷玉辉 王如竹 太阳能利用技术在我国建筑节能中的应用与展望，制冷与空调，PP：27～34，Vol．1，No．4，2001．8
[13]徐士鸣 吸收式制冷循环及制冷工质研究进展(Ⅱ)——新型吸收式制冷工质系，流体机械，1999．3：pp：52～57
[14] 陈曙明 陈光明等 吸收式制冷工质的发展，制冷学报，1998． 2:pp:45-52
[15] Rohsenow, W. M. , Heat Transfer and Temperature Distribution in Laminar Film Condensation, Trans, ASME. Vol 78, pp: 1645-1648, 1956
[16] Sparrow, E. M. , J. L. Gregg, A Boundary Layer Treatment of Laminar Film Condensation, J. Heat Transfer, C, Vol.81, pp: 13-18, 1959
[17] Yang, K. T. , Laminar Film Condensation on a Vertical Non-Isothermal Plate, J. Appl, Mech. Vol.33, pp: 203-205, 1986
[18] J. Bell, M. A. Chaly, An approximate generalized design method for multicomponent partial condensers, AICHE J. Symp. Ser. 69, pp: 72-79, 1973
[19] A. Burghardt, M. Lipowska, A computational design method for binary mixture condensation, Inz. Chem. Proc. (in polish)3, pp: 499-522, 1982
[20] A. Taitel, A. Tamir, Film condensation of multicomponent mixture, Int. J. Mutiphase Flow 1, pp: 669-714, 1971
[21] A. Tamir, J. C. Merchuk, Verification of a theoretical model for multicomponent condensation, Chem. Eng. J. 17, pp: 125-139, 1979
[22] Christian Monninga×, Rainer Numrichb, Condensation of vapours of immiscible liqulids in the presence of a non-condensable gas, Int. J. Therm. Sci. (1999) 38, pp: 684-694
[23] Krzysztof Warmuzinski, Grazyna Bartelmus, Marek Berezowski, Modeling of countercurrent partial condensers for light hydrocarbon streams containing hydrogen, Chemical Engineering and Processing , pp: 389-403, v 37 n 5 Sep 1998
[24] J. KELLENBENZ and E. HAHNE, Condensation of pure vapours and binary vapour mixtures in forced flow, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, pp: 1269-1276, v 37 n 8 Oct 1994
[25] Kaiping. P, Renz.U, Thermal diffusion effects in turbulent partial condensation, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, pp: 2629-2639, v 34 n 10 Oct 1991
[26] M. Mosaad, Combined free and forced convection laminar film condensation on inclined circular tube with isothermal surface, International Journal of Heat and Transfer , pp: 4017～4025, v42 (1999)
[27] C.-H. Hsu, S.-A. Yang~×, Pressure gradient and variable wall temperatureeffects during filmwise condensation from download flowing vopors onto a horizontal tube, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer42 (1999) 2419～2426
[28] F. Mendez~a, J.J. Lizardi~b, C. Trevino~(b,*), Laminar film condensation along a vertical fin, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer43 (2000) 2859～2868
[29] S. Thumm, Ch. Philipp, U. Gross~×, Film condensation of water inavertical tube with countercurrent vapour flow, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 44(2001) pp: 4245～4256
[30] Tilmann W Botsch, Karl Stephan, A model to describe the steady-state and dynamic behavior of vertical condensers fed by mixture, Rev Gen Therm, pp: 481～491, v36 1997
[31] T.W. Botsch, K. Stephan Condensation of multicomponent mixtures in a vertical tube theoretical analysis and numerical solution, Heat and Technology , pp: 79～86, v14 n 2 1996
[32] 李平 修国华 林载祁 水蒸汽在蛇管内分层流膜状冷凝，高校化学工程学报，pp：236～241，No．3 Vol．12 1998．9
[33] 潘阳 顾文斌 垂直管内汽—液两相间传质及界面对冷凝过程的影响，华东工业大学学报，pp：93～101，No．2 Vol．17 1995
[34] 刘志刚等工程热物理性质计算程序的编制与应用，科学出版社
[35] 化学工程手册10，化学工业出版社，pp：89
[36] 化学工程手册第一篇，化学工业出版社
[37] 杨强生 对流传质与传热，教育出版社，pp：330，1985
[38] 姚昭章 化工热力学，冶金工业出版社，1992
[39] 俞佐平 传热学(第二版)，高等教育出版社，pp：180，1988
[40]、Wong, H.Y, Heat transfer for Engineers, Longman Inc, 1977