抑郁症患者五态人格与明尼苏达多相人格特点及相关性研究
摘要
目的
研究抑郁症患者五态人格和MMPI人格特征,比较二者的相关性。
方法
对552例在中国中医科学院广安门医院心理门诊就诊,并自愿参加研究的抑郁症患者进行五态人格测验表和MMPI测试。调查人员统一指导语,实行无记名评估的方法,让患者按照自己的实际情况和真实感受,在规定的时间内独立完成问卷。对问卷出现漏评或者重复评定者,均提醒被试者重新评定,以免影响结果的客观性和评判的准确性,问卷调查过程中及时解答被试对有关问卷内容的等方面的疑惑。发放问卷时收集人口学资料,包括性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、婚姻状况等。对取得的数据采用Excel录入,SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。
结果
1.抑郁症患者的人格特征
将抑郁症患者五态人格维度得分与中国常模相比,太阳、少阳、阴阳和平人格维度得分,抑郁组明显低于常模组(P<0.01)；太阴人格维度得分,抑郁组明显高于常模组(P<0.01)。
将抑郁症患者的MMPI临床量表得分与中国常模相比,抑郁症患者效度量表L、K与中国常模无明显差异,效度量表F原始分低于30分,被试患者所有得分均高于中国常模,t检验有显著差异(P<0.01)。
不同性别抑郁症患者五态人格维度比较结果显示：除太阴人格维度外,男子组分数均小于女子组,有明显的统计学意义(P<0.05)。
不同性别抑郁症患者MMPI临床量表得分比较结果显示：除偏执以外,均出现了明显的差异,全部都是男性高于女性(P<0.01)。
2.五态人格特点和MMPI特点的相关性
研究抑郁症患者的五态人格维度与MMPI临床量表相关性统计结果显示：太阳人格维度与Ma呈正相关与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Si, F, K呈负相关；少阳人格维度与Ma呈正相关,与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si呈负相关；阴阳平和人格维度与L正相关,与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si, F呈负相关；少阴人格维度与L正相关,与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma,L负相关；太阴人格维度与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si, F正相关,与Mf, L, K负相关。多元线性逐步回归分析显示：太阴、少阴、阴阳平和进入Hs回归方程；少阳、太阴、少阴进入D回归方程；少阳、少阴、太阴进入Hy回归方程；太阴、少阴进入Pd回归方程；太阳、太阴、阴阳平和进入Mf回归方程；太阴、少阴进入Pt回归方程；太阴、少阴、太阳进入Sc回归方程；太阴、太阳、少阴进入Ma回归方程；太阴进入Sc回归方程。
研究抑郁症患者的五态人格与MMPI中因子量表P,N,I的相关性发现：P与少阳人格正相关,N与少阳人格负相关,Ⅰ与太阴人格正相关与少阳太阳人格负相关。
3.难治性抑郁的MMPI特征
对难治性抑郁和非难治性抑郁症患者的MMPI10项临床量表分数进行比较,从统计结果可见,难治组中Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pt分均较非难治组高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其他几项指标的分数比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.5)。
结论
1.参与本次研究的抑郁症患者五态人格特征以太阴人为主,MMPI人格特征与D, Mf, Hs, Hy, Pt密切相关。
2.男性抑郁症患者的阴性性格特征更加明显,男性抑郁症患者较女性抑郁症患者在抑郁症的病理性异常表现或心理偏离程度上更为严重。
3.太阴人格是抑郁症患者MMPI临床量表的显著正相关因素,少阴人格是抑郁症患者MMPI临床量表的显著负相关因素；太阴人格是抑郁症患者神经症性人格的显著正相关因素,少阳人格是抑郁症患者神经症性人格的显著负相关因素,内在原因尚须做进一步的分析研究,同时可以得出抑郁症与人格的稳定性密切相关。
4.难治性抑郁症患者的与抑郁相关的MMPI临床量表分明显要高于非难治性抑郁症患者,说明难治性抑郁症患者的抑郁性人格更明显。
Object
To study the characteristcs of Five-pattern personality and MMPI of depressed patients, and compare the correlation of them.
Method
The data extracted from552 voluntary depressed patients by questionnaires in the psychological clinic of Guang'an men hospital, China academy of Chinese Medical Science, and are analyzed with statistical methods. The personality state of the depressed patient is investigated with MMPI and Five-pattern personality questionnaires. The patients must complish the quetionaires with practical condition and true experience under unified instruction by doctors during limited time. The patient should complete evaluation if there are missing and repeatted evaluation to assure the objective and accuracy of assessment. Investigator should answer the question of patients in-time during the investigation. Collect demographic data of the patients, including gender, age, career, education and marriage status. All data are analyzed by software SPSS13.0 with t-test, liner multiple stepwise regressive analysis and Pearson correlated analysis.
Result
1. Personality characteristics of depressed patient
Compare the score of Five-pattern personality of depressed patients with Chinese norm, the depressed group is lower in Tai-yang, Shao-yang, Yin-yang-ping-he pattern obviously (P<0.01); is higher in Tai-yin pattern obviously (P<0.01).
Compare MMPI of depressed patients with Chinese norm, there is no obvious difference of L and K vality scale, the original score of F is lower than 30. The scores of the depressed patients are obvious higher than Chinese norm in all clinic scales.
Investigate if gender can influence the Five-pattern personality of depressed patients:the male group is obviously higher than the female group in four pattern personality except Tai-yin (P< 0.05)
Investigate if gender can influence MMPI personality of depressed patients:the male group is obviously higher than the female group in all pattern personality except Pa (P<0.01).
2. The correlation of Five-pattern personality and MMPI
Investigate the correlation of Five-pattern with MMPI clinic scales, analysis conclusion:Tai-yang personality is positive correlation with Ma, and negative correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Si, F, K; Shao-yang personality is positive correlation with Ma, and negative correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si; Yin-yang-ping-he is positive correlation with L, and negative correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si, F; Shao-yin is positive correlation with L, and negative correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, L; Tai-yin is positive correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si, F, negative correlation with Mf, L, K. Liner multiple stepwise regressive analysis indicates:Tai-yin, Shao-yin, Yin-yang-ping-he enter regression equation of Hs; Shao-yang, Tai-yin, Shao-yin enter regression equation of D; Tai-yin, Shao-yin enter regression equation of Pd; Tai-yang, Tai-yin, Yin-yang-ping-he enter egression equation of Mf; Tai-yin, Shao-yin enter regression equation of Pt; Tai-yin, Shao-yin Tai-yang enter regression equation of Sc; Tai-yin, Tai-yang, Shao-yin enter regression equation of Ma; Tai-yin enter regression equation of Si (P<0.05).
Investigate the correlation between Five-pattern personality with MMPI factor scale, analysis conclusion:P is positive correlation with Shao-yang, N is negative correlation with Shao-yang. I is positive correlation with Tai-yin, negative correlation with Shao-yang and Tai-yang.
3. MMPI characteristics of refractory depression
Compare clinic scales of MMPI between refractory depressed patients and non-refractory depressed patients, the conclusion indicates:refractory depressed patients have obvious higher scores in Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pt than non-refractory depressed patients.
Conclusion
1. The depressed patient in this research is mainly belong to Tai-yin personality, MMPI personality characteristic is obviously correlated with D, Mf, Hs, Hy, Pt.
2. Tai-yin is obvious positive correlation with depression, Shao-yin is obvious negative correlation with depression in clinic scales.While, Tai-yin is obvious positive correlation with depression in factor scales and Shao-yin is obvious negative correlation with depression in factor scales.
3. Yin-pattern personality is more obvious in male depressed patients than female depressed patients.
4. Refractory depressed patients have higher scores in clinic scales than non-refractory depressed patients. It indicates that refractory depressed patients have more obvious depressed personality than non-refractory depressed patients.
研究抑郁症患者五态人格和MMPI人格特征,比较二者的相关性。
方法
对552例在中国中医科学院广安门医院心理门诊就诊,并自愿参加研究的抑郁症患者进行五态人格测验表和MMPI测试。调查人员统一指导语,实行无记名评估的方法,让患者按照自己的实际情况和真实感受,在规定的时间内独立完成问卷。对问卷出现漏评或者重复评定者,均提醒被试者重新评定,以免影响结果的客观性和评判的准确性,问卷调查过程中及时解答被试对有关问卷内容的等方面的疑惑。发放问卷时收集人口学资料,包括性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、婚姻状况等。对取得的数据采用Excel录入,SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。
结果
1.抑郁症患者的人格特征
将抑郁症患者五态人格维度得分与中国常模相比,太阳、少阳、阴阳和平人格维度得分,抑郁组明显低于常模组(P<0.01)；太阴人格维度得分,抑郁组明显高于常模组(P<0.01)。
将抑郁症患者的MMPI临床量表得分与中国常模相比,抑郁症患者效度量表L、K与中国常模无明显差异,效度量表F原始分低于30分,被试患者所有得分均高于中国常模,t检验有显著差异(P<0.01)。
不同性别抑郁症患者五态人格维度比较结果显示：除太阴人格维度外,男子组分数均小于女子组,有明显的统计学意义(P<0.05)。
不同性别抑郁症患者MMPI临床量表得分比较结果显示：除偏执以外,均出现了明显的差异,全部都是男性高于女性(P<0.01)。
2.五态人格特点和MMPI特点的相关性
研究抑郁症患者的五态人格维度与MMPI临床量表相关性统计结果显示：太阳人格维度与Ma呈正相关与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Si, F, K呈负相关；少阳人格维度与Ma呈正相关,与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si呈负相关；阴阳平和人格维度与L正相关,与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si, F呈负相关；少阴人格维度与L正相关,与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma,L负相关；太阴人格维度与Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si, F正相关,与Mf, L, K负相关。多元线性逐步回归分析显示：太阴、少阴、阴阳平和进入Hs回归方程；少阳、太阴、少阴进入D回归方程；少阳、少阴、太阴进入Hy回归方程；太阴、少阴进入Pd回归方程；太阳、太阴、阴阳平和进入Mf回归方程；太阴、少阴进入Pt回归方程；太阴、少阴、太阳进入Sc回归方程；太阴、太阳、少阴进入Ma回归方程；太阴进入Sc回归方程。
研究抑郁症患者的五态人格与MMPI中因子量表P,N,I的相关性发现：P与少阳人格正相关,N与少阳人格负相关,Ⅰ与太阴人格正相关与少阳太阳人格负相关。
3.难治性抑郁的MMPI特征
对难治性抑郁和非难治性抑郁症患者的MMPI10项临床量表分数进行比较,从统计结果可见,难治组中Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pt分均较非难治组高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其他几项指标的分数比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.5)。
结论
1.参与本次研究的抑郁症患者五态人格特征以太阴人为主,MMPI人格特征与D, Mf, Hs, Hy, Pt密切相关。
2.男性抑郁症患者的阴性性格特征更加明显,男性抑郁症患者较女性抑郁症患者在抑郁症的病理性异常表现或心理偏离程度上更为严重。
3.太阴人格是抑郁症患者MMPI临床量表的显著正相关因素,少阴人格是抑郁症患者MMPI临床量表的显著负相关因素；太阴人格是抑郁症患者神经症性人格的显著正相关因素,少阳人格是抑郁症患者神经症性人格的显著负相关因素,内在原因尚须做进一步的分析研究,同时可以得出抑郁症与人格的稳定性密切相关。
4.难治性抑郁症患者的与抑郁相关的MMPI临床量表分明显要高于非难治性抑郁症患者,说明难治性抑郁症患者的抑郁性人格更明显。
Object
To study the characteristcs of Five-pattern personality and MMPI of depressed patients, and compare the correlation of them.
Method
The data extracted from552 voluntary depressed patients by questionnaires in the psychological clinic of Guang'an men hospital, China academy of Chinese Medical Science, and are analyzed with statistical methods. The personality state of the depressed patient is investigated with MMPI and Five-pattern personality questionnaires. The patients must complish the quetionaires with practical condition and true experience under unified instruction by doctors during limited time. The patient should complete evaluation if there are missing and repeatted evaluation to assure the objective and accuracy of assessment. Investigator should answer the question of patients in-time during the investigation. Collect demographic data of the patients, including gender, age, career, education and marriage status. All data are analyzed by software SPSS13.0 with t-test, liner multiple stepwise regressive analysis and Pearson correlated analysis.
Result
1. Personality characteristics of depressed patient
Compare the score of Five-pattern personality of depressed patients with Chinese norm, the depressed group is lower in Tai-yang, Shao-yang, Yin-yang-ping-he pattern obviously (P<0.01); is higher in Tai-yin pattern obviously (P<0.01).
Compare MMPI of depressed patients with Chinese norm, there is no obvious difference of L and K vality scale, the original score of F is lower than 30. The scores of the depressed patients are obvious higher than Chinese norm in all clinic scales.
Investigate if gender can influence the Five-pattern personality of depressed patients:the male group is obviously higher than the female group in four pattern personality except Tai-yin (P< 0.05)
Investigate if gender can influence MMPI personality of depressed patients:the male group is obviously higher than the female group in all pattern personality except Pa (P<0.01).
2. The correlation of Five-pattern personality and MMPI
Investigate the correlation of Five-pattern with MMPI clinic scales, analysis conclusion:Tai-yang personality is positive correlation with Ma, and negative correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Si, F, K; Shao-yang personality is positive correlation with Ma, and negative correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si; Yin-yang-ping-he is positive correlation with L, and negative correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si, F; Shao-yin is positive correlation with L, and negative correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, L; Tai-yin is positive correlation with Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si, F, negative correlation with Mf, L, K. Liner multiple stepwise regressive analysis indicates:Tai-yin, Shao-yin, Yin-yang-ping-he enter regression equation of Hs; Shao-yang, Tai-yin, Shao-yin enter regression equation of D; Tai-yin, Shao-yin enter regression equation of Pd; Tai-yang, Tai-yin, Yin-yang-ping-he enter egression equation of Mf; Tai-yin, Shao-yin enter regression equation of Pt; Tai-yin, Shao-yin Tai-yang enter regression equation of Sc; Tai-yin, Tai-yang, Shao-yin enter regression equation of Ma; Tai-yin enter regression equation of Si (P<0.05).
Investigate the correlation between Five-pattern personality with MMPI factor scale, analysis conclusion:P is positive correlation with Shao-yang, N is negative correlation with Shao-yang. I is positive correlation with Tai-yin, negative correlation with Shao-yang and Tai-yang.
3. MMPI characteristics of refractory depression
Compare clinic scales of MMPI between refractory depressed patients and non-refractory depressed patients, the conclusion indicates:refractory depressed patients have obvious higher scores in Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pt than non-refractory depressed patients.
Conclusion
1. The depressed patient in this research is mainly belong to Tai-yin personality, MMPI personality characteristic is obviously correlated with D, Mf, Hs, Hy, Pt.
2. Tai-yin is obvious positive correlation with depression, Shao-yin is obvious negative correlation with depression in clinic scales.While, Tai-yin is obvious positive correlation with depression in factor scales and Shao-yin is obvious negative correlation with depression in factor scales.
3. Yin-pattern personality is more obvious in male depressed patients than female depressed patients.
4. Refractory depressed patients have higher scores in clinic scales than non-refractory depressed patients. It indicates that refractory depressed patients have more obvious depressed personality than non-refractory depressed patients.
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[2]陈朝阳.人格因素与抑郁症.中国行为医学科学,2001,10(4)：390-391.
[3]聂小晶,邱昌建,朱春燕.焦虑症和抑郁症患者的MMPI对照研究.华西医学,2009,24(6)：1356-1357.
[4]林颖娜.不同养生功法对2型糖尿病患者生存质量及糖代谢的影响.北京中医药,2009,28(1)：9-12.
[5]滕晶,王玉来,刘子旺.抑郁症患者个性心理特征的研究.中国康复理论与实践.2007,13(1)：81-82.
[6]郭文斌,彭瑛,黄敏儿,等.抑郁症患者焦虑症状、应付方式与人格的相关[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(12)：843-844.
[7]黄永新.抑郁症患者人格特征分析.华夏医学,2004,17(4)：489-490.
[8]陈建新,吕淑云,杨超.抑郁症患者临床特征的性别差异.中国健康心理学杂志,2008,16(10)
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[26]李丽娜,高凌云.抑郁症MMPI测试结果分析.中国健康心理学杂志2008,16(9)：1051-1052.
[27]陈朝阳.人格因素与抑郁症.中国行为医学科学,2001,10(4)：390-391.
[28]聂小晶,邱昌建,朱春燕.焦虑症和抑郁症患者的MMPI对照研究.华西医学,200924(6)：1356-1357.
[29]滕晶,王玉来,刘子旺.抑郁症患者个性心理特征的研究.中国康复理论与实践,2007,13(1)：81-82.
[30]施建安编译.女性抑郁症的临床特征与治疗对策.国外医学.精神病学分册,1996,23：175-176.
[31]Holden C. Global survey examines impact of depression. Science 2000: 288(7):39-40.
[32]0'Donnel J. Overview of existing research and information linking isotretinoin (accutane), depression, psychosis and suicide. Am J Ther 2003:10(2):148-59.
[33]Woods A. Patient education series patient-education guide:Depression. Nursing 2003:33(3):54-5.
[34]陈建新,吕淑云,杨超.抑郁症患者临床特征的性别差异.中国健康心理学杂志,2008,16(10)：1177-1178.
[35]郭文斌,彭瑛,黄敏儿,等.抑郁症患者焦虑症状、应付方式与人格的相关[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(12)：843-844.
[36]黄永新.抑郁症患者人格特征分析.华夏医学,200417(4)：489-490.
[37]朱紫青,季建林,肖世贵主编.抑郁障碍诊疗关键.江苏科学技术出版社,2003,142-143.
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[1]五态人格测验表与艾森克人格问卷的对比探讨.中华中西医临床研究,2003,1(4)：3-11.
[2]陈朝阳.人格因素与抑郁症.中国行为医学科学,2001,10(4)：390-391.
[3]聂小晶,邱昌建,朱春燕.焦虑症和抑郁症患者的MMPI对照研究.华西医学,2009,24(6)：1356-1357.
[4]林颖娜.不同养生功法对2型糖尿病患者生存质量及糖代谢的影响.北京中医药,2009,28(1)：9-12.
[5]滕晶,王玉来,刘子旺.抑郁症患者个性心理特征的研究.中国康复理论与实践.2007,13(1)：81-82.
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