300kW超大功率短波广播发射管DB930的研制
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摘要
本课题的最终目标是研制出300kW超大功率短波发射管DB930,技术指标达到汤姆逊公司生产的TH537的水平,可替代其进口。
本文简略地介绍了DB930的设计过程及其结构特点,重点论述了在试制过程中遇到的主要工艺技术问题及解决问题的措施,围绕解决灯丝电流大、阴极碳化时积碳、一栅和二栅之间的电容大、管内蒸散、热态时极间绝缘低、耐高压的能力差等六个方面的问题进行了论述。这些问题的解决,也为DB930成功研制奠定了基础,为今后进一步提高产品质量指明了方向。其中,热态时极间绝缘低和耐高压能力差的问题是旭光公司在研制和生产热解石墨栅极发射管中遇到的比较突出的共性问题,课题针对这些问题所做的工艺试验和理论探讨对其它管型具有借鉴和参考价值。该管型是目前国内已研制成功的输出功率最大的广播发射管,结构和工艺复杂,在试制中遇到了很多的新问题。本文在原理上对这些问题进行了探索。
在经过三年的努力工作,特别是在建立国内唯一完整的热解石墨栅极生产线后,终于研制成功了DB930,填补了国内空白,具有先进的技术性能和较好的经济效益前景。更为重要的是,它是国家的重要宣传工具——超大功率广播电视发射机必须的关键器件,它的研制成功具有十分重要的政治意义。
The final target of this subject is to develop a new type 300kW super- high power short-wave transmitting tube DB930 of which technical indicator attains that of the tube TH537 manufactured by Thomson and to replace the import tube with it.
This article introduces briefly the process of design and characteristic of structure of DB930 tube and discusses the main problems of technology and technique which was met during the manufacture and the measures having been adopted are emphatically. It discusses the solve measures in following six aspects: the filament current is too large, carbon deposits during the carbonizing of cathode, the capacitance between the first grid and the second grid is too large, transpiring happens inside the tube, the insulation resistance between the electrodes is too lower when the filament is on and the ability of bearing high voltage is too lower. It has established a foundation for DB930 tube developed successfully and it points a direction for improving its quantity. The problems of insulation resistance between the electrodes is too lower when the filament is on and the ability of bearing high voltage is too lower are rather outstanding and general during designing and manufacturing the tube with pyrolytic graphite grids in Xuguang corporation. The technological experiments and the academic discussing which this article did to aim at these problems possess values of using for reference by other type tubes. Many new problems are discovered during the developing of DB930 tube because its structure and technology are very complex and its output power is the highest among those tubes which have been developed successfully at present in China. The article has explored those problems in principle.
DB930 tube has been developed successfully after through three years exploring and especially after Xuguang corporate has established the whole pyrolytic graphite grid product line which is exclusive in China. It has filled up the domestic blank and own advanced technique and preferable economic beneficial foreground. Furthermore, it is important propagandizing tool because it is the pivotal and integrant component of the super- high power broadcast and television transmitting equipment It has very
本文简略地介绍了DB930的设计过程及其结构特点,重点论述了在试制过程中遇到的主要工艺技术问题及解决问题的措施,围绕解决灯丝电流大、阴极碳化时积碳、一栅和二栅之间的电容大、管内蒸散、热态时极间绝缘低、耐高压的能力差等六个方面的问题进行了论述。这些问题的解决,也为DB930成功研制奠定了基础,为今后进一步提高产品质量指明了方向。其中,热态时极间绝缘低和耐高压能力差的问题是旭光公司在研制和生产热解石墨栅极发射管中遇到的比较突出的共性问题,课题针对这些问题所做的工艺试验和理论探讨对其它管型具有借鉴和参考价值。该管型是目前国内已研制成功的输出功率最大的广播发射管,结构和工艺复杂,在试制中遇到了很多的新问题。本文在原理上对这些问题进行了探索。
在经过三年的努力工作,特别是在建立国内唯一完整的热解石墨栅极生产线后,终于研制成功了DB930,填补了国内空白,具有先进的技术性能和较好的经济效益前景。更为重要的是,它是国家的重要宣传工具——超大功率广播电视发射机必须的关键器件,它的研制成功具有十分重要的政治意义。
The final target of this subject is to develop a new type 300kW super- high power short-wave transmitting tube DB930 of which technical indicator attains that of the tube TH537 manufactured by Thomson and to replace the import tube with it.
This article introduces briefly the process of design and characteristic of structure of DB930 tube and discusses the main problems of technology and technique which was met during the manufacture and the measures having been adopted are emphatically. It discusses the solve measures in following six aspects: the filament current is too large, carbon deposits during the carbonizing of cathode, the capacitance between the first grid and the second grid is too large, transpiring happens inside the tube, the insulation resistance between the electrodes is too lower when the filament is on and the ability of bearing high voltage is too lower. It has established a foundation for DB930 tube developed successfully and it points a direction for improving its quantity. The problems of insulation resistance between the electrodes is too lower when the filament is on and the ability of bearing high voltage is too lower are rather outstanding and general during designing and manufacturing the tube with pyrolytic graphite grids in Xuguang corporation. The technological experiments and the academic discussing which this article did to aim at these problems possess values of using for reference by other type tubes. Many new problems are discovered during the developing of DB930 tube because its structure and technology are very complex and its output power is the highest among those tubes which have been developed successfully at present in China. The article has explored those problems in principle.
DB930 tube has been developed successfully after through three years exploring and especially after Xuguang corporate has established the whole pyrolytic graphite grid product line which is exclusive in China. It has filled up the domestic blank and own advanced technique and preferable economic beneficial foreground. Furthermore, it is important propagandizing tool because it is the pivotal and integrant component of the super- high power broadcast and television transmitting equipment It has very
引文
[1] 李应风 译.超蒸冷热解石墨栅四极管 TH537.电真空技术,1990,1、2:P30～40
[2] Thomson-CSF 公司产品样本
[3] 扬祥林 张兆镗 张祖舜.微波器件原理:电子工业出版社.1994.P1
[4] 廖复疆 吴固基.真空电子技术:国防工业出版社,1999.10:P1～P4
[5] 倪世龙 等.广播电视发射管国内外现状及发展趋势.旭光技术,1994,1、2:P2～P9
[6] 李应风.电视发射管的发展及其应用.电真空技术,1989,1、2:P1～10
[7] 李应风 译.新型高效率 500kW 短波广播四极管.电真空技术,1989,1、2:P37～44
[8] 张质贤 译.饭田修一 编著.物理学常数表:科学出版社,1979,P195
[9] 电子管设计手册编辑委员会.发射管设计手册:国防工业出版社,1980
[10] 刘学悫.阴极电子学:科学出版社,1980,P5～P7
[11] 莫纯昌 陈国平等.电真空工艺:国防工业出版社,1980
[12] 张学余.热解石墨栅电子管的真空击穿问题. . P32～P38
[13] 姚士彬.热解石墨栅极碳黑蒸散问题的探讨. . P36～P40
[14] 郑超 河胜方.功率栅控管的新发展.旭光技术,1995,3、4:P1～P7
[15] 北京科学教育编辑室.《电子管》上下册:成电,1961
[16] 韩译.昭和 著.超高频广播用发射管.放送技术, 45.5:P123～128
[2] Thomson-CSF 公司产品样本
[3] 扬祥林 张兆镗 张祖舜.微波器件原理:电子工业出版社.1994.P1
[4] 廖复疆 吴固基.真空电子技术:国防工业出版社,1999.10:P1～P4
[5] 倪世龙 等.广播电视发射管国内外现状及发展趋势.旭光技术,1994,1、2:P2～P9
[6] 李应风.电视发射管的发展及其应用.电真空技术,1989,1、2:P1～10
[7] 李应风 译.新型高效率 500kW 短波广播四极管.电真空技术,1989,1、2:P37～44
[8] 张质贤 译.饭田修一 编著.物理学常数表:科学出版社,1979,P195
[9] 电子管设计手册编辑委员会.发射管设计手册:国防工业出版社,1980
[10] 刘学悫.阴极电子学:科学出版社,1980,P5～P7
[11] 莫纯昌 陈国平等.电真空工艺:国防工业出版社,1980
[12] 张学余.热解石墨栅电子管的真空击穿问题. . P32～P38
[13] 姚士彬.热解石墨栅极碳黑蒸散问题的探讨. . P36～P40
[14] 郑超 河胜方.功率栅控管的新发展.旭光技术,1995,3、4:P1～P7
[15] 北京科学教育编辑室.《电子管》上下册:成电,1961
[16] 韩译.昭和 著.超高频广播用发射管.放送技术, 45.5:P123～128