基于句子和篇章层次的回指研究
摘要
回指作为一种常见的语言现象在口语和书面语中都有很高的使用频率。本文旨在从句子和篇章两个层次分析和研究回指的具体实现及使用特点。从句子层次研究回指时，本文运用转换生成语法中的c-command理论对句子内部使用的回指作了更进一步的说明，此外通过运用举例说明的方法研究回指在句子中的实现。对于回指在篇章层次的研究，本文通过运用统计分析原理对英语口语和书面语语料库及英汉著作和其对应译本中的回指进行量化分析，比较说明了回指在口语、书面语及英汉两种语言中的不同特点。本文对回指研究得出的结论对人们进一步认识和正确使用这一语言现象有重要的指导意义。
Anaphora is a linguistic phenomenon that is widely used in everyday life. The thesis studies the characteristics and application of anaphora at sentence level and discourse level. In research of anaphora at sentence level, c-command theory from Transformational Grammar is applied to give deeper analysis. Plenty of typical examples are used to research the realization of anaphora. By means of statistical methods, comparisons on different use patterns of anaphora at discourse level are made between written and spoken English as well as between English and Chinese. The conclusion drawn from the research has great significance in directing people to understand and use anaphora.
Anaphora is a linguistic phenomenon that is widely used in everyday life. The thesis studies the characteristics and application of anaphora at sentence level and discourse level. In research of anaphora at sentence level, c-command theory from Transformational Grammar is applied to give deeper analysis. Plenty of typical examples are used to research the realization of anaphora. By means of statistical methods, comparisons on different use patterns of anaphora at discourse level are made between written and spoken English as well as between English and Chinese. The conclusion drawn from the research has great significance in directing people to understand and use anaphora.
引文
Halliday, M.A.K. & Hason, Ruquiya. (1976). Cohesion in English. Person Edation Limited pp 40-67
Ouhalla, Jamal. (1999). Intraducting Transformational grammar. From Principles and Parameters to Minimalism. Edward Arnold (Publishers) Limited. pp 220-236
Radforld, Andrew. (1988). Transformational Grammar: A First Course. Cambridge University Press. pp 109-145
Quirk, Randolph & Greenbaum, Sidney & Leech, Geoffrey & Svartvik, Jan. (1972) A Grammar of Contemporary English. Longman Group Lid. pp 144-167
Biber, Doglas & Conard, Susan & Reppen, Randi.(1998). Corpus Linguistics. Cambridge University Press. pp 146-186
Richards, Jack C. & Platt, John & Platt, Heid. (1992) Longman Pcitionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics. Longman Group UK Limited.
Yang, Huizhong. (2002). An Introduction to Corpus Linguistics. Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press. pp75-103
Xu, Yunlong. (2002). Contrastive Linguistics. Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press. pp64-89
Crain.S. & Cecile McKee. (1985). The Acquisition of Structural Restrictions on Anaphora. Proceedings of NELS 15. pp 110-94
Jackendoff, R.S. Semantic Interpretation in Generative Grammar. MIT Cambridge Press.
Longobardi.G. (1994). Reference and Proper Names. Linguistics Inquiry 25:609-66
Abney.S.P. (1987). The English Noun Phrase in Its sentential Aspect. PhD diss.,MIT
Ross,J.R. & Cooper, W Like Syntax. Sentence Processing.Hillsdale N.J.:Erlbaum. pp348-418
Ouhalla, Jamal. (1999). Intraducting Transformational grammar. From Principles and Parameters to Minimalism. Edward Arnold (Publishers) Limited. pp 220-236
Radforld, Andrew. (1988). Transformational Grammar: A First Course. Cambridge University Press. pp 109-145
Quirk, Randolph & Greenbaum, Sidney & Leech, Geoffrey & Svartvik, Jan. (1972) A Grammar of Contemporary English. Longman Group Lid. pp 144-167
Biber, Doglas & Conard, Susan & Reppen, Randi.(1998). Corpus Linguistics. Cambridge University Press. pp 146-186
Richards, Jack C. & Platt, John & Platt, Heid. (1992) Longman Pcitionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics. Longman Group UK Limited.
Yang, Huizhong. (2002). An Introduction to Corpus Linguistics. Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press. pp75-103
Xu, Yunlong. (2002). Contrastive Linguistics. Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press. pp64-89
Crain.S. & Cecile McKee. (1985). The Acquisition of Structural Restrictions on Anaphora. Proceedings of NELS 15. pp 110-94
Jackendoff, R.S. Semantic Interpretation in Generative Grammar. MIT Cambridge Press.
Longobardi.G. (1994). Reference and Proper Names. Linguistics Inquiry 25:609-66
Abney.S.P. (1987). The English Noun Phrase in Its sentential Aspect. PhD diss.,MIT
Ross,J.R. & Cooper, W Like Syntax. Sentence Processing.Hillsdale N.J.:Erlbaum. pp348-418