开发区土地集约利用评价研究
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摘要
开发区的建设和发展为我国经济发展和社会稳定做出了巨大贡献,成为改革开放后我国一个新的经济增长点。但是,上世纪80年代以来在我国盲目兴起的“开发区热”在带来区域经济社会发展的同时,也出现了土地资源浪费、地均效益低、环境污染等社会和生态问题,引起了国内外社会的强烈关注。开发区土地能否实现高效、集约利用,关系到社会、经济和生态问题的可持续发展,也关系到开发区土地利用方式利开发区的健康发展。实现开发区土地的集约利用也是建设节约型社会、发展循环经济的必然要求。大力推进土地节约集约利用,是实现可持续发展的必然要求。
本文对开发区土地集约利用评价研究分为五个部分：
第一部分绪论。介绍了文章的选题背景与意义；回顾了国内外土地集约利用研究的现状；说明了文章的研究思路和研究方法。
第二部分开发区土地集约利用概述。论述了开发区的概念、类型及其土地集约利用的内涵；阐述了国内外开发区的发展历程；分析了我国开发区土地集约利用存在的占多用少、土地价格偏低、土地利用效率偏低、规划不科学、被征地农民利益受到损害等问题。
第三部分开发区土地集约利用的理论研究。介绍了地租理论、区位理论、可持续发展理论、土地报酬递减理论、生态经济学理论等开发区土地集约利用的相关理论基础；着重分析了开发区土地集约利用的影响因素,包括：自然因素、人口因素、经济因素、技术因素和制度因素。这些因素都对开发区土地集约利用起到了限制或促进的作用。
第四部分开发区土地集约利用评价方法研究。先对开发区土地集约利用评价的方法和评价指标的选择进行了介绍,并构建了评价指标体系；随后陈述了确定开发区土地集约利用评价指标权重的几种方法；最后给出了开发区土地集约度和潜力值的数学计算模型和计算过程。
第五部分开发区土地集约利用评价研究。以河南长垣起重工业园区为例,按照第四章的开发区土地集约利用评价的过程,对河南长垣起重工业园区进行了评价,得出了集约度和潜力值,由此分析开发区集约度水平和存在的问题,并从开发区规划、开发规模、市场机制、投资环境和管理机制等方面提出了提高河南长垣起重工业园区土地集约利用水平的对策和建议。
总之,通过综合土地集约利用的基本内涵,总结国内外有关土地集约利用评价理论,分析了开发区土地集约利用影响因素。并采用多因素综合评价法,建立了开发区土地集约利用评价指标体系,选择了实证区进行了土地集约利用程度评价,提出了提高开发区土地集约利用度的相应对策和建议。
Construction and development of development zone for China's economic development and social stability have made great contributions to China's reform and opening up to become a new economic growth point. However, since the 80s of last century the rise of China's blind "zone fever" in bringing about regional economic and social development at the same time, there have been a waste of land resources, land in a low economic efficiency, environmental pollution and other social and ecological problems, causing the domestic outside the community's strong concern. Development of land can achieve efficient and intensive use, related to the social, economic and ecological problems of sustainable development, but also to facilitate land-use zone Zone of healthy development. Intensive use of land to achieve development zone is also the building of a conservation-oriented society, development of circular economy imperative. Vigorously promote the intensive use of land conservation is a necessary requirement for achieving sustainable development.
In this paper, Development Zone, intensive land use evaluation study is divided into five parts:
The first part of the Introduction. Topics of the article describes the background and significance; recalled the intensive use of land at home and abroad study the status quo; illustrates the article research ideas and research methods.
The second part of the zone overview of intensive use of land. Discusses the concept of the zone, type and content of intensive use of land; described the development process of development zone at home and abroad; analysis of China's development zones there is intensive use of land accounted for more with less, low land prices,land-use efficiency is low,planning is not scientific,the interests of farmers whose land is requisitioned damage and other issues.
The third part of the intensive land use zone theory. Introduced the theory of rent, location theory, theory of sustainable development, the land of diminishing returns theory, ecological economics and other intensive land use zone related theoretical basis; focused on analysis of the impact of intensive land use zone factors, including:natural factors, demographic factors, economic factors, technological factors and institutional factors. These factors have on the intensive use of land development zones have played a role in limiting or promoting.
The fourth part of the zone intensive land use of the evaluation method. The first zone of the intensive use of land evaluation methods and evaluation of the choice of indicators were introduced, and construct the evaluation index system; followed by statements to determine the zone intensive land use evaluation weights of several ways; Finally, the zone Land intensity and potential value of the mathematical model and calculation process.
Part V Development Zone, intensive land use evaluation studies. Crane Industrial Zone In Henan Changyuan as an example, in accordance with Chapter IV of the Development Zone, intensive land use evaluation process, Crane Industrial Zone In Henan Changyuan was evaluated and the potential obtained intensity values, the resulting analysis of the intensive development zone the level and degree of problems from the development zone planning, development scale, the market mechanism, the investment environment and management mechanisms put forward for improving Crane Industrial Zone In Henan Changyuan the level of intensive land use measures and suggestions.
In short, by combining the basic connotation of intensive use of land, summed up the intensive use of land at home and abroad evaluation theory, analysis of intensive land use zone factor. And adopt multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method, established a zone intensive land use evaluation system, and chose the empirical area of intensive land use degree evaluation, propose raising the degree of intensive land use zone corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
本文对开发区土地集约利用评价研究分为五个部分：
第一部分绪论。介绍了文章的选题背景与意义；回顾了国内外土地集约利用研究的现状；说明了文章的研究思路和研究方法。
第二部分开发区土地集约利用概述。论述了开发区的概念、类型及其土地集约利用的内涵；阐述了国内外开发区的发展历程；分析了我国开发区土地集约利用存在的占多用少、土地价格偏低、土地利用效率偏低、规划不科学、被征地农民利益受到损害等问题。
第三部分开发区土地集约利用的理论研究。介绍了地租理论、区位理论、可持续发展理论、土地报酬递减理论、生态经济学理论等开发区土地集约利用的相关理论基础；着重分析了开发区土地集约利用的影响因素,包括：自然因素、人口因素、经济因素、技术因素和制度因素。这些因素都对开发区土地集约利用起到了限制或促进的作用。
第四部分开发区土地集约利用评价方法研究。先对开发区土地集约利用评价的方法和评价指标的选择进行了介绍,并构建了评价指标体系；随后陈述了确定开发区土地集约利用评价指标权重的几种方法；最后给出了开发区土地集约度和潜力值的数学计算模型和计算过程。
第五部分开发区土地集约利用评价研究。以河南长垣起重工业园区为例,按照第四章的开发区土地集约利用评价的过程,对河南长垣起重工业园区进行了评价,得出了集约度和潜力值,由此分析开发区集约度水平和存在的问题,并从开发区规划、开发规模、市场机制、投资环境和管理机制等方面提出了提高河南长垣起重工业园区土地集约利用水平的对策和建议。
总之,通过综合土地集约利用的基本内涵,总结国内外有关土地集约利用评价理论,分析了开发区土地集约利用影响因素。并采用多因素综合评价法,建立了开发区土地集约利用评价指标体系,选择了实证区进行了土地集约利用程度评价,提出了提高开发区土地集约利用度的相应对策和建议。
Construction and development of development zone for China's economic development and social stability have made great contributions to China's reform and opening up to become a new economic growth point. However, since the 80s of last century the rise of China's blind "zone fever" in bringing about regional economic and social development at the same time, there have been a waste of land resources, land in a low economic efficiency, environmental pollution and other social and ecological problems, causing the domestic outside the community's strong concern. Development of land can achieve efficient and intensive use, related to the social, economic and ecological problems of sustainable development, but also to facilitate land-use zone Zone of healthy development. Intensive use of land to achieve development zone is also the building of a conservation-oriented society, development of circular economy imperative. Vigorously promote the intensive use of land conservation is a necessary requirement for achieving sustainable development.
In this paper, Development Zone, intensive land use evaluation study is divided into five parts:
The first part of the Introduction. Topics of the article describes the background and significance; recalled the intensive use of land at home and abroad study the status quo; illustrates the article research ideas and research methods.
The second part of the zone overview of intensive use of land. Discusses the concept of the zone, type and content of intensive use of land; described the development process of development zone at home and abroad; analysis of China's development zones there is intensive use of land accounted for more with less, low land prices,land-use efficiency is low,planning is not scientific,the interests of farmers whose land is requisitioned damage and other issues.
The third part of the intensive land use zone theory. Introduced the theory of rent, location theory, theory of sustainable development, the land of diminishing returns theory, ecological economics and other intensive land use zone related theoretical basis; focused on analysis of the impact of intensive land use zone factors, including:natural factors, demographic factors, economic factors, technological factors and institutional factors. These factors have on the intensive use of land development zones have played a role in limiting or promoting.
The fourth part of the zone intensive land use of the evaluation method. The first zone of the intensive use of land evaluation methods and evaluation of the choice of indicators were introduced, and construct the evaluation index system; followed by statements to determine the zone intensive land use evaluation weights of several ways; Finally, the zone Land intensity and potential value of the mathematical model and calculation process.
Part V Development Zone, intensive land use evaluation studies. Crane Industrial Zone In Henan Changyuan as an example, in accordance with Chapter IV of the Development Zone, intensive land use evaluation process, Crane Industrial Zone In Henan Changyuan was evaluated and the potential obtained intensity values, the resulting analysis of the intensive development zone the level and degree of problems from the development zone planning, development scale, the market mechanism, the investment environment and management mechanisms put forward for improving Crane Industrial Zone In Henan Changyuan the level of intensive land use measures and suggestions.
In short, by combining the basic connotation of intensive use of land, summed up the intensive use of land at home and abroad evaluation theory, analysis of intensive land use zone factor. And adopt multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method, established a zone intensive land use evaluation system, and chose the empirical area of intensive land use degree evaluation, propose raising the degree of intensive land use zone corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
引文
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[3]埃德温·S·米尔斯.区域和城市经济学手册(第2鸯)[M].北京：经济科学出版社,2003：94-109.
[4]何芳,吴正训.国内外城市土地集约利用研究综述与分析[J].国土经济,2002,(3)：26-28.
[5]成舜.包头市工业用地土地集约利用潜力评价初步研究[J].经济地理,2004,(2)：250-253.
[6]Ronka. K,Ritola. J,Rauhala.K. Underground Space in Land-Use Planning[J]. Urban Planning and Development,1998,13(1):39—49.
[7]R. k. Goel, A. K. Duke.Status of Underground Space Utilization and Its Potential in Delhi [J]. Urban Planning and Development,1999,14(3):349—354.
[8]Japan Tunnelling Association. Planning and Mapping of Subsurface Space in Japan [J]. Planning and Mapping,2000,15(3):287—301.
[9]Anna Maria Gillis. The new forestry:An ecosystem approach to land management [J].BioScience40,1990(55):558—562.
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[13]Cai Yunlong, Barry Smit.Sustainability in Chinese Agriculture:challenge and hope[J]. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,1994,49(3):279-288.
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[17]王宝铭.城乡土地评价[M].天津：天津社会科学院出版社,1996.
[18]龚义,吴小平,欧阳安蛟.城市土地集约利用内涵界定及评价指标体系设计[J].浙江国土资源,2002(1)：46-49.
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