高粘度酸液酸岩反应模拟试验新方法探索
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摘要
随着石油勘探开发技术手段的不断发展,越来越多的复杂致密油气藏投入开发,酸化压裂成为储层改造的重要技术手段。为正确地指导酸压和优化设计及现场施工,需要进行酸岩反应机理研究和相关模拟试验,以确定设计和施工的各项内容和参数。在酸压理论中,酸液体系的发展最快,越来越多的高粘度酸液体系投入到实际储层改造应用中。目前对高粘度酸液的酸岩反应研究处于起步阶段,还没有专门的一套理论和实验方法,而研究认为常规的酸岩反应模拟试验方法并不适用于高粘度酸液体系。真实、有效地对高粘度酸液体系的酸岩反应进行模拟试验,研究高粘度酸液酸岩反应模拟试验的方法,对了解高粘度酸液的酸岩反应机理,准确测定其酸岩反应动力学参数和分析高粘度酸液以及其他类型酸液酸蚀行为具有重要意义。本文在前人研究的基础上,总结了酸岩反应影响因素,重点研究包括高粘度酸岩反应机理、酸岩反应动力学研究和酸蚀行为研究。在酸岩反应模拟试验中合理地考虑和设计酸岩反应影响因素,有效地进行酸岩反应的关键因素研究。从酸岩反应模拟试验的测试内容和试验设备上,分析对比了常规酸岩反应模拟试验的特点及其适应性,并提出了应考虑酸液流向对酸岩反应影响的试验内容。为模拟酸液在地层裂缝中的流动特征,分析酸岩反应模拟试验的准确性,引入并改进了环空内幂律型非牛顿流体流态及稳定性判别方法,模拟了常规施工条件下不同类型的酸液流态及其稳定性。参与研究、设计新型高粘度酸岩反应模拟试验装置,设计思路和工作原理已得到应用。利用该装置进行了稠化酸和交联酸等多组高粘度酸液的酸岩反应模拟试验,证实了常规酸和高粘度酸体系的酸岩反应区别。从高粘度酸岩反应模拟试验获得的试验结果表明这种酸岩反应模拟方式可操作性强,试验数据可信度高,稳定性好,为现场高粘度酸液体系实践和进一步研究酸岩反应各项内容提供理论和实际指导。
With the continuous development of technique in oil exploration and development, more and more complex reservoirs are invested in developing, then acid fracturing becomes an important technique of reservoir stimulation. To properly guide acid fracturing and optimize the design and field construction, we need to study the acid-rock reaction mechanism and do the related simulation test to determine the elements and parameters of the design and construction. In acid fracturing theory, because of the fastest-growing in the acid system, more and more high-viscosity acid system is applied to the actual reservoir reconstruction. At present there isn’t the set of special theory and test methods, then research in the high viscosity of acid-rock reaction at the initial stage, and research founded that the conventional acid-rock reaction test method does not apply to high-viscosity acid system. Doing the simulated test for high-viscosity acid-rock reaction in actually and effectively is of significance to understand the high viscosity of acid rock acid reaction mechanism, accurately measure to kinetic parameters of the high viscosity acid-rock reaction and analysis behavior of acid etching of these and other types. Basing on previous studies, this paper summed up the influential factors of acid-rock reaction and including focuses on mechanism of acid-rock reaction, kinetics of acid-rock and behavior of acid etching. In the simulation test of acid-rock reaction, it is important to reasonably consider and design in influential factors of acid-rock reaction and effective study of the key factors of the acid-rock reaction. From the content and test equipment in simulation test of acid-rock reaction, making analysis and comparison in characteristics and applicability of the conventional simulation test of acid-rock reaction, and proposing to the test content which is consider the flow of acid into the influential factor of the acid-rock reaction. To simulate the flowing characteristics of acid in the fracture formation and analysis accuracy of simulation test of acid-rock reaction, introducing and improving the discriminant methods of flow parttern and stability of non-Newtonian fluid, with power law model, in annulus-type, and simulating flow pattern and stability of different type acid in conditions of conventional construction. Participating in the research and design new device for simulation test of high-viscosity acid-rock reaction, designing concepts and working principles have been applied. Using the device to do simulation test for including the gelled acid and cross-linked acid groups of the high-viscosity acid of the acid-rock reaction, confirmed the difference between the conventional acid and high viscosity system in the acid-rock reaction. Results of simulation test of high-viscosity acid-rock reaction showed that this simulation method of acid-rock reaction is workable, whose experimental data is highly reliable and stable, which provides theory and practical guidance for on-site practice of high viscosity acid system and content of further research in acid-rock reation.
With the continuous development of technique in oil exploration and development, more and more complex reservoirs are invested in developing, then acid fracturing becomes an important technique of reservoir stimulation. To properly guide acid fracturing and optimize the design and field construction, we need to study the acid-rock reaction mechanism and do the related simulation test to determine the elements and parameters of the design and construction. In acid fracturing theory, because of the fastest-growing in the acid system, more and more high-viscosity acid system is applied to the actual reservoir reconstruction. At present there isn’t the set of special theory and test methods, then research in the high viscosity of acid-rock reaction at the initial stage, and research founded that the conventional acid-rock reaction test method does not apply to high-viscosity acid system. Doing the simulated test for high-viscosity acid-rock reaction in actually and effectively is of significance to understand the high viscosity of acid rock acid reaction mechanism, accurately measure to kinetic parameters of the high viscosity acid-rock reaction and analysis behavior of acid etching of these and other types. Basing on previous studies, this paper summed up the influential factors of acid-rock reaction and including focuses on mechanism of acid-rock reaction, kinetics of acid-rock and behavior of acid etching. In the simulation test of acid-rock reaction, it is important to reasonably consider and design in influential factors of acid-rock reaction and effective study of the key factors of the acid-rock reaction. From the content and test equipment in simulation test of acid-rock reaction, making analysis and comparison in characteristics and applicability of the conventional simulation test of acid-rock reaction, and proposing to the test content which is consider the flow of acid into the influential factor of the acid-rock reaction. To simulate the flowing characteristics of acid in the fracture formation and analysis accuracy of simulation test of acid-rock reaction, introducing and improving the discriminant methods of flow parttern and stability of non-Newtonian fluid, with power law model, in annulus-type, and simulating flow pattern and stability of different type acid in conditions of conventional construction. Participating in the research and design new device for simulation test of high-viscosity acid-rock reaction, designing concepts and working principles have been applied. Using the device to do simulation test for including the gelled acid and cross-linked acid groups of the high-viscosity acid of the acid-rock reaction, confirmed the difference between the conventional acid and high viscosity system in the acid-rock reaction. Results of simulation test of high-viscosity acid-rock reaction showed that this simulation method of acid-rock reaction is workable, whose experimental data is highly reliable and stable, which provides theory and practical guidance for on-site practice of high viscosity acid system and content of further research in acid-rock reation.
引文
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