H.264编解码算法在网络视频传输中的应用
摘要
H.264是新一代的视频压缩标准,具有较高的压缩比和较好的网络适配性,如何将H.264视频压缩标准应用于网络视频监控系统中,成为了当今研究的热点问题。
本文通过查阅H.264编解码标准文档和H.264视频实时传输负载格式文档,分析了H.264视频压缩标准的特点及其关键技术和视频网络传输的流媒体技术。设计了集视频编码、视频流化、流媒体服务器于一体的网络视频监控系统。依据视频信息的压缩、流化、传输等各个模块的工作原理,选用相应的H.264编码软件x264,MPEG4IP中的视频流化工具mp4live和视频流媒体服务器Darwin Streaming Server。通过优化x264消除快速移动物体的拖影,使其与mp4live更加高效的工作在基于Freescale i.MX27的嵌入式Linux系统上。然后移植x264、MPEG4IP中的mp4live和Darwin Streaming Server,并进行相关使用配置,实现了嵌入式网络摄像机的视频编码与流化传输功能,监控终端使用Mplayer进行监控视频的解码与播放。
最后对网络视频监控系统的视频网络传输进行测试,结果表明,该系统的视频监控画面清晰、流畅,实时性强,可广泛应用于视频监控产品中。
H.264 is the new video compression standard and has a higher compression ratio and the better network suitability. How to use the H.264 video compression standard in the network video surveillance system has become hot topic now.
This paper through consults H.264 standard documents and RTP payload format for H.264 video to analyze the H.264 video compression standard's characteristic and key technologies, and analyze the technology of streaming media. Network video surveillance system, combining video code, video streaming, streaming server in one, is designed. Principle of video compression, streaming and transmission is based on to select x264 for H.264 encoding, mp4live of MPEG4IP for video’s streaming and Darwin Streaming Server for streaming media server. By optimizing x264 to eliminate shadow of moving objects, x264 has better cooperation with mp4live. In the following, x264, mp4live of MPEG4IP and Darwin Streaming Server are chosen according to system which is designed. Embedded IP Camera's function is achieved by porting x264, MPEG4IP and Darwin Streaming Server to embedded Linux system based on Freescale i.MX27 and configuring them. The monitor terminal uses Mplayer to decode and play H.264 video.
Finally, network video surveillance system is tested, the result show that network video surveillance system have clear video, fluent transmission and is real-time, and it can be widely used in production of video surveillance.
本文通过查阅H.264编解码标准文档和H.264视频实时传输负载格式文档,分析了H.264视频压缩标准的特点及其关键技术和视频网络传输的流媒体技术。设计了集视频编码、视频流化、流媒体服务器于一体的网络视频监控系统。依据视频信息的压缩、流化、传输等各个模块的工作原理,选用相应的H.264编码软件x264,MPEG4IP中的视频流化工具mp4live和视频流媒体服务器Darwin Streaming Server。通过优化x264消除快速移动物体的拖影,使其与mp4live更加高效的工作在基于Freescale i.MX27的嵌入式Linux系统上。然后移植x264、MPEG4IP中的mp4live和Darwin Streaming Server,并进行相关使用配置,实现了嵌入式网络摄像机的视频编码与流化传输功能,监控终端使用Mplayer进行监控视频的解码与播放。
最后对网络视频监控系统的视频网络传输进行测试,结果表明,该系统的视频监控画面清晰、流畅,实时性强,可广泛应用于视频监控产品中。
H.264 is the new video compression standard and has a higher compression ratio and the better network suitability. How to use the H.264 video compression standard in the network video surveillance system has become hot topic now.
This paper through consults H.264 standard documents and RTP payload format for H.264 video to analyze the H.264 video compression standard's characteristic and key technologies, and analyze the technology of streaming media. Network video surveillance system, combining video code, video streaming, streaming server in one, is designed. Principle of video compression, streaming and transmission is based on to select x264 for H.264 encoding, mp4live of MPEG4IP for video’s streaming and Darwin Streaming Server for streaming media server. By optimizing x264 to eliminate shadow of moving objects, x264 has better cooperation with mp4live. In the following, x264, mp4live of MPEG4IP and Darwin Streaming Server are chosen according to system which is designed. Embedded IP Camera's function is achieved by porting x264, MPEG4IP and Darwin Streaming Server to embedded Linux system based on Freescale i.MX27 and configuring them. The monitor terminal uses Mplayer to decode and play H.264 video.
Finally, network video surveillance system is tested, the result show that network video surveillance system have clear video, fluent transmission and is real-time, and it can be widely used in production of video surveillance.
引文
[1]赵婵娟.多媒体的视频压缩技术.广播电视信息.1997.2,4(2).16-21.
[2]王彩霞,赵刚,刘三民.H.264的视频压缩技术的研究与分析.计算机与信息技术.2009.1,(Z1).46-52.
[3]楼剑,虞露.新一代的视频编解码标准——H.264.当代通信.2003,(5).27-31.
[4]周华.音视频编解码技术H.264的应用研究.福建电脑.2006,(6).42-43.
[5]杜晔.流媒体技术的原理和应用.光盘技术.2008,(7).9-11.
[6]张银才.流媒体技市及其应用.有线电视技术.2009,(3).38-40.
[7]于涛,刘琚,李善彬.基于H.264的流媒体服务器的设计和实现.现代电视技术.2008,(7).78-80.
[8]肖海平.基于流媒体的视频传输与监控技术.中国高新技术企业.2008,(1).115-120.
[9]袁珽,吴杰,张世永.Linux下基于MPEG4IP的实时授课同步技术和实现方法.计算机应用与软件.2007,24(10).7-9.
[10]毕厚杰,王健.新一代视频压缩编码标准——H.264/AVC.第二版.北京.人民邮电出版社.2009.11.132-135.
[11]廖勇等.流媒体技术入门与提高.第一版.北京.国防工业出版社.2006.67-69.
[12]夏敏,吴中海,杨雅辉等.基于Darwin的集群流媒体服务器系统的设计与实现.计算机与现代化.2009,(5).19-22.
[13]黄拔峰,钟明,杨传钧等.Darwin Streaming server的研究与应用.计算机工程.2004.10,30(19).134-135.
[14]王志刚,周南,高庆.Darwin Streaming server的研究与应用.电脑知识与技术.2008,(35).2118-2119.
[15]张克非,陈宏铭.网络化监控系统日渐风行MPEG4 IP Camera案例剖析.电子测试.2006,(6).68-71.
[16] MPEG4IP.http://mpeg4ip.sourceforge.net/documentation/index.php
[17] Apple Computer Inc.QTSS Modules Programming Guide,2006.
[18]张克非,陈宏铭,牛亏环.高整合度的MPEG4IPCamera方案.电子产品世界.2006,(13).112-116.
[19]杨宗凯,赵军,吴砥.基于MPEG4自适应传输编解码系统的研究与实现.计算机技术与发展.2006,l6(10).167-170.
[20] Andy Beach(美).田尊华,程刚译.视频压缩宝典.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.2009.97-136.
[21] Information Technology—Coding of Audio-Visual Objects,Part 2:Visual Intern Standard[S].ISO/TEC 14496-2.1999.
[22] Thomas Wiegand,Gary Sullivan,Gisle Bjontegaard.Overview of the H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard.IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology.2003,(7).560-576.
[23] Steven W Carter , Darrell D E Long.Improving bandwidth efficiency of video-on-demand servers.1993.111-123.
[24] Ott J,Bormann C,Sullivan G,et al.RFC4629.RTP payload format for ITU-T Rec H.263 video. [S/OL] .2007.
[25] Wenger S,Hannuksela M M,Stockhammer T,et al.RFC 3984.RTP payload format for H.264 video. [S/OL] .2005.
[26] Wenger S.H.264/AVC Over IP.IEEE Transaction on Circuits and System for Video Technology.2003,7(13).645~656.
[27] Schulzrinne H,Casner S,Frederick R,et al.RFC 3550.RTP:A Transport Protocol for Real Time Applications. [S/OL] .2003.
[2]王彩霞,赵刚,刘三民.H.264的视频压缩技术的研究与分析.计算机与信息技术.2009.1,(Z1).46-52.
[3]楼剑,虞露.新一代的视频编解码标准——H.264.当代通信.2003,(5).27-31.
[4]周华.音视频编解码技术H.264的应用研究.福建电脑.2006,(6).42-43.
[5]杜晔.流媒体技术的原理和应用.光盘技术.2008,(7).9-11.
[6]张银才.流媒体技市及其应用.有线电视技术.2009,(3).38-40.
[7]于涛,刘琚,李善彬.基于H.264的流媒体服务器的设计和实现.现代电视技术.2008,(7).78-80.
[8]肖海平.基于流媒体的视频传输与监控技术.中国高新技术企业.2008,(1).115-120.
[9]袁珽,吴杰,张世永.Linux下基于MPEG4IP的实时授课同步技术和实现方法.计算机应用与软件.2007,24(10).7-9.
[10]毕厚杰,王健.新一代视频压缩编码标准——H.264/AVC.第二版.北京.人民邮电出版社.2009.11.132-135.
[11]廖勇等.流媒体技术入门与提高.第一版.北京.国防工业出版社.2006.67-69.
[12]夏敏,吴中海,杨雅辉等.基于Darwin的集群流媒体服务器系统的设计与实现.计算机与现代化.2009,(5).19-22.
[13]黄拔峰,钟明,杨传钧等.Darwin Streaming server的研究与应用.计算机工程.2004.10,30(19).134-135.
[14]王志刚,周南,高庆.Darwin Streaming server的研究与应用.电脑知识与技术.2008,(35).2118-2119.
[15]张克非,陈宏铭.网络化监控系统日渐风行MPEG4 IP Camera案例剖析.电子测试.2006,(6).68-71.
[16] MPEG4IP.http://mpeg4ip.sourceforge.net/documentation/index.php
[17] Apple Computer Inc.QTSS Modules Programming Guide,2006.
[18]张克非,陈宏铭,牛亏环.高整合度的MPEG4IPCamera方案.电子产品世界.2006,(13).112-116.
[19]杨宗凯,赵军,吴砥.基于MPEG4自适应传输编解码系统的研究与实现.计算机技术与发展.2006,l6(10).167-170.
[20] Andy Beach(美).田尊华,程刚译.视频压缩宝典.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.2009.97-136.
[21] Information Technology—Coding of Audio-Visual Objects,Part 2:Visual Intern Standard[S].ISO/TEC 14496-2.1999.
[22] Thomas Wiegand,Gary Sullivan,Gisle Bjontegaard.Overview of the H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard.IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology.2003,(7).560-576.
[23] Steven W Carter , Darrell D E Long.Improving bandwidth efficiency of video-on-demand servers.1993.111-123.
[24] Ott J,Bormann C,Sullivan G,et al.RFC4629.RTP payload format for ITU-T Rec H.263 video. [S/OL] .2007.
[25] Wenger S,Hannuksela M M,Stockhammer T,et al.RFC 3984.RTP payload format for H.264 video. [S/OL] .2005.
[26] Wenger S.H.264/AVC Over IP.IEEE Transaction on Circuits and System for Video Technology.2003,7(13).645~656.
[27] Schulzrinne H,Casner S,Frederick R,et al.RFC 3550.RTP:A Transport Protocol for Real Time Applications. [S/OL] .2003.